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Parapeytoia

April 07, 2024

Parapeytoia is a genus of Cambrian arthropod. The type and only described species is Parapeytoia yunnanensis, lived over 518 million years ago[2] (Cambrian Stage 3) in the Maotianshan shales of Yunnan, China. Unidentified fossils from the same genus also had been discovered from the nearby Wulongqing Formation (Cambrian Stage 4).[3]

Parapeytoia
Temporal range: Cambrian Stage 3–Cambrian Stage 4
Holotype of Parapeytoia yunnanensis, part and counterpart
Ventral structures of the same species
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: †Megacheira
Family: †Jianfengiidae
Genus: †Parapeytoia
Hou, Bergström & Ahlberg, 1995[1]
Type species
Parapeytoia yunnanensis
Hou, Bergstrom & Ahlberg, 1995[1]

Classification edit

Initially, Parapeytoia was interpreted as a radiodont ("anomalocaridid" at that time) dinocaridid with legs alongside Cucumericrus,[1] purported to be an indicator that radiodonts might have legs underneath their body flaps in general, comparable to Pambdelurion.[4] With the combination of megacheiran and presumably radiodont features (see text), it was also suggest to be an intermediate form between the two taxa.[5][6] However, later studies reveal it most likely nested within megacheirans,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] and megacheirans was no longer thought to be originated from radiodonts since than.[15] Within megacheirans, Parapeytoia possibly closest to the multisegmented (with over 20 trunk segments) taxa like Fortiforceps and Jianfengia, united under the family Jianfengiidae.[14]

Description edit

 
Interpretations on Parapeytoia yunnanensis as a radiodont (A) and jianfengiid megacheiran (B) respectively. Red parts indicating suggested radiodont-like features with questionable affinity. Dark grey indicating other structures unambiguously belong to this species.

Parapeytoia is known from a few incomplete fossil materials with part of its ventral structures preserved. The frontmost appendages were a pair of great appendages that form by a robust peduncle and 4 distal segments with serrated spine on each of them, a feature shared by some other megacheirans such as Yohoia and Fortiforceps.[16][17] Behind the great appendages were 2 or 3 pairs of short appendages, and numerous pairs of well-developed biramous appendages, each formed by a basipod with spiny gnathobase, lobe-like exopod and leg-like endopod with 8 segments. A narrow , hourglass-like sternite associated between each of those appendages.[1]

Some features originally interpreted as radiodont-like are more or less questionable, such as radial sclerites interpreted as its mouthparts (oral cone) have since been assigned to another genus of animal, Omnidens.[18] While some subsequent studies suggest those features are genuine, it most likely represent ancestral traits originated from more basal arthropods instead of any indicators of radiodont affinities.[19] The same goes with gnathobases,[20] and the presence of arthropodized endopods underneath the purported body flaps (exopods) conflict with the component of radiodont trunk appendages as well (the radiodont ventral body flaps are most likely homologous to euarthropod endopods).[13]

Parapeytoia was in all likelihood a benthic feeder, spending most of its time on the ocean floor hunting (or possibly scavenging) for prey.[12]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d Xian-Guang, Hou; Bergström, Jan; Ahlberg, Per (1995-09-01). "Anomalocaris and other large animals in the lower Cambrian Chengjiang fauna of southwest China". GFF. 117 (3): 163–183. Bibcode:1995GFF...117..163X. doi:10.1080/11035899509546213. ISSN 1103-5897.
  2. ^ Yang, Chuan; Li, Xian-Hua; Zhu, Maoyan; Condon, Daniel J.; Chen, Junyuan (2018). "Geochronological constraint on the Cambrian Chengjiang biota, South China". Journal of the Geological Society. 175 (4): 659–666. Bibcode:2018JGSoc.175..659Y. doi:10.1144/jgs2017-103. ISSN 0016-7649. S2CID 135091168.
  3. ^ Hu, ShiXue; Zhu, MaoYan; Steiner, Michael; Luo, HuiLin; Zhao, FangChen; Liu, Qi (2010-12-01). "Biodiversity and taphonomy of the Early Cambrian Guanshan biota, eastern Yunnan". Science China Earth Sciences. 53 (12): 1765–1773. Bibcode:2010ScChD..53.1765H. doi:10.1007/s11430-010-4086-9. ISSN 1869-1897. S2CID 128882075.
  4. ^ Xianguang, Hou; Jan, Jan Bergström; Jiayu, In Rong; Zongjie, Fang; Zhanghe, Zhou; Renbin, Zhan; Xiangdong, Wang; (eds, Yuan Xunlai et al. (2006). Dinocaridids - anomalous arthropods or arthropod-like worms?.
  5. ^ Budd, Graham E. (2002). "A palaeontological solution to the arthropod head problem". Nature. 417 (6886): 271–275. Bibcode:2002Natur.417..271B. doi:10.1038/417271a. ISSN 1476-4687. S2CID 4310080.
  6. ^ Chen, Junyuan; Waloszek, Dieter; Maas, Andreas (2004). "A new 'great-appendage' arthropod from the Lower Cambrian of China and homology of chelicerate chelicerae and raptorial antero-ventral appendages". Lethaia. 37 (1): 3–20. doi:10.1080/00241160410004764. ISSN 0024-1164.
  7. ^ Daley, Allison C.; Budd, Graham E.; Caron, Jean-Bernard; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Collins, Desmond (2009-03-20). "The Burgess Shale Anomalocaridid Hurdia and Its Significance for Early Euarthropod Evolution". Science. 323 (5921): 1597–1600. Bibcode:2009Sci...323.1597D. doi:10.1126/science.1169514. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 19299617. S2CID 206517995.
  8. ^ Stein, Martin (2010-03-01). "A new arthropod from the Early Cambrian of North Greenland, with a 'great appendage'-like antennula". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 158 (3): 477–500. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00562.x. ISSN 0024-4082.
  9. ^ Legg, David A.; Sutton, Mark D.; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Caron, Jean-Bernard (2012). "Cambrian bivalved arthropod reveals origin of arthrodization". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 279 (1748): 4699–4704. doi:10.1098/rspb.2012.1958. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC 3497099. PMID 23055069.
  10. ^ Legg, David A.; Sutton, Mark D.; Edgecombe, Gregory D. (2013-09-30). "Arthropod fossil data increase congruence of morphological and molecular phylogenies". Nature Communications. 4 (1): 2485. Bibcode:2013NatCo...4.2485L. doi:10.1038/ncomms3485. ISSN 2041-1723. PMID 24077329.
  11. ^ Daley, Allison C.; Edgecombe, Gregory D. (2014). "Morphology of Anomalocaris canadensis from the Burgess Shale". Journal of Paleontology. 88 (1): 68–91. Bibcode:2014JPal...88...68D. doi:10.1666/13-067. ISSN 0022-3360. S2CID 86683798.
  12. ^ a b Xian-Guang, Hou; Siveter, David J.; Siveter, Derek J.; Aldridge, Richard J.; Pei-Yun, Cong; Gabbott, Sarah E.; Xiao-Ya, Ma; Purnell, Mark A.; Williams, Mark (2017-04-24). The Cambrian Fossils of Chengjiang, China: The Flowering of Early Animal Life. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9781118896389.
  13. ^ a b Van Roy, Peter; Daley, Allison C.; Briggs, Derek E. G. (2015-06-04). "Anomalocaridid trunk limb homology revealed by a giant filter-feeder with paired flaps". Nature. 522 (7554): 77–80. Bibcode:2015Natur.522...77V. doi:10.1038/nature14256. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 25762145. S2CID 205242881.
  14. ^ a b Aria, Cédric; Zhao, Fangchen; Zeng, Han; Guo, Jin; Zhu, Maoyan (2020). "Fossils from South China redefine the ancestral euarthropod body plan". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 20 (1): 4. Bibcode:2020BMCEE..20....4A. doi:10.1186/s12862-019-1560-7. ISSN 1471-2148. PMC 6950928. PMID 31914921.
  15. ^ Ortega-Hernández, Javier; Janssen, Ralf; Budd, Graham E. (2017-05-01). "Origin and evolution of the panarthropod head – A palaeobiological and developmental perspective". Arthropod Structure & Development. Evolution of Segmentation. 46 (3): 354–379. doi:10.1016/j.asd.2016.10.011. ISSN 1467-8039. PMID 27989966.
  16. ^ Haug, Joachim T.; Waloszek, Dieter; Maas, Andreas; Liu, Yu; Haug, Carolin (March 2012). "Functional morphology, ontogeny and evolution of mantis shrimp-like predators in the Cambrian". Palaeontology. 55 (2): 369–399. Bibcode:2012Palgy..55..369H. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2011.01124.x. S2CID 82841481.
  17. ^ Zeng, Han; Zhao, Fangchen; Niu, Kecheng; Zhu, Maoyan; Huang, Diying (2020). "An early Cambrian euarthropod with radiodont-like raptorial appendages". Nature. 588 (7836): 101–105. Bibcode:2020Natur.588..101Z. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2883-7. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 33149303. S2CID 226248177.
  18. ^ Hou, Xianguang; Bergström, Jan; Jie, Yang (2006). "Distinguishing anomalocaridids from arthropods and priapulids". Geological Journal. 41 (3–4): 259–269. Bibcode:2006GeolJ..41..259X. doi:10.1002/gj.1050. S2CID 83582128.
  19. ^ Budd, Graham E. (2021-05-01). "The origin and evolution of the euarthropod labrum". Arthropod Structure & Development. 62: 101048. doi:10.1016/j.asd.2021.101048. ISSN 1467-8039.
  20. ^ Cong, Peiyun; Daley, Allison C.; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Hou, Xianguang (2017). "The functional head of the Cambrian radiodontan (stem-group Euarthropoda) Amplectobelua symbrachiata". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 17 (1): 208. Bibcode:2017BMCEE..17..208C. doi:10.1186/s12862-017-1049-1. ISSN 1471-2148. PMC 5577670. PMID 28854872.
  • Dinocaridids: anomalous arthropods or arthropod-like worms? by Hou Xianguang & Jan Bergström 2006 arguing that this genus is a dinocaridid

External links edit

  • An Anomalocarid With Legs?

April 07, 2024
parapeytoia, genus, cambrian, arthropod, type, only, described, species, yunnanensis, lived, over, million, years, cambrian, stage, maotianshan, shales, yunnan, china, unidentified, fossils, from, same, genus, also, been, discovered, from, nearby, wulongqing, . Parapeytoia is a genus of Cambrian arthropod The type and only described species is Parapeytoia yunnanensis lived over 518 million years ago 2 Cambrian Stage 3 in the Maotianshan shales of Yunnan China Unidentified fossils from the same genus also had been discovered from the nearby Wulongqing Formation Cambrian Stage 4 3 ParapeytoiaTemporal range Cambrian Stage 3 Cambrian Stage 4 PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg NHolotype of Parapeytoia yunnanensis part and counterpartVentral structures of the same speciesScientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ArthropodaClass MegacheiraFamily JianfengiidaeGenus ParapeytoiaHou Bergstrom amp Ahlberg 1995 1 Type speciesParapeytoia yunnanensisHou Bergstrom amp Ahlberg 1995 1 Contents 1 Classification 2 Description 3 References 4 External linksClassification editInitially Parapeytoia was interpreted as a radiodont anomalocaridid at that time dinocaridid with legs alongside Cucumericrus 1 purported to be an indicator that radiodonts might have legs underneath their body flaps in general comparable to Pambdelurion 4 With the combination of megacheiran and presumably radiodont features see text it was also suggest to be an intermediate form between the two taxa 5 6 However later studies reveal it most likely nested within megacheirans 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 and megacheirans was no longer thought to be originated from radiodonts since than 15 Within megacheirans Parapeytoia possibly closest to the multisegmented with over 20 trunk segments taxa like Fortiforceps and Jianfengia united under the family Jianfengiidae 14 Description edit nbsp Interpretations on Parapeytoia yunnanensis as a radiodont A and jianfengiid megacheiran B respectively Red parts indicating suggested radiodont like features with questionable affinity Dark grey indicating other structures unambiguously belong to this species Parapeytoia is known from a few incomplete fossil materials with part of its ventral structures preserved The frontmost appendages were a pair of great appendages that form by a robust peduncle and 4 distal segments with serrated spine on each of them a feature shared by some other megacheirans such as Yohoia and Fortiforceps 16 17 Behind the great appendages were 2 or 3 pairs of short appendages and numerous pairs of well developed biramous appendages each formed by a basipod with spiny gnathobase lobe like exopod and leg like endopod with 8 segments A narrow hourglass like sternite associated between each of those appendages 1 Some features originally interpreted as radiodont like are more or less questionable such as radial sclerites interpreted as its mouthparts oral cone have since been assigned to another genus of animal Omnidens 18 While some subsequent studies suggest those features are genuine it most likely represent ancestral traits originated from more basal arthropods instead of any indicators of radiodont affinities 19 The same goes with gnathobases 20 and the presence of arthropodized endopods underneath the purported body flaps exopods conflict with the component of radiodont trunk appendages as well the radiodont ventral body flaps are most likely homologous to euarthropod endopods 13 Parapeytoia was in all likelihood a benthic feeder spending most of its time on the ocean floor hunting or possibly scavenging for prey 12 References edit nbsp Paleontology portal a b c d Xian Guang Hou Bergstrom Jan Ahlberg Per 1995 09 01 Anomalocaris and other large animals in the lower Cambrian Chengjiang fauna of southwest China GFF 117 3 163 183 Bibcode 1995GFF 117 163X doi 10 1080 11035899509546213 ISSN 1103 5897 Yang Chuan Li Xian Hua Zhu Maoyan Condon Daniel J Chen Junyuan 2018 Geochronological constraint on the Cambrian Chengjiang biota South China Journal of the Geological Society 175 4 659 666 Bibcode 2018JGSoc 175 659Y doi 10 1144 jgs2017 103 ISSN 0016 7649 S2CID 135091168 Hu ShiXue Zhu MaoYan Steiner Michael Luo HuiLin Zhao FangChen Liu Qi 2010 12 01 Biodiversity and taphonomy of the Early Cambrian Guanshan biota eastern Yunnan Science China Earth Sciences 53 12 1765 1773 Bibcode 2010ScChD 53 1765H doi 10 1007 s11430 010 4086 9 ISSN 1869 1897 S2CID 128882075 Xianguang Hou Jan Jan Bergstrom Jiayu In Rong Zongjie Fang Zhanghe Zhou Renbin Zhan Xiangdong Wang eds Yuan Xunlai et al 2006 Dinocaridids anomalous arthropods or arthropod like worms Budd Graham E 2002 A palaeontological solution to the arthropod head problem Nature 417 6886 271 275 Bibcode 2002Natur 417 271B doi 10 1038 417271a ISSN 1476 4687 S2CID 4310080 Chen Junyuan Waloszek Dieter Maas Andreas 2004 A new great appendage arthropod from the Lower Cambrian of China and homology of chelicerate chelicerae and raptorial antero ventral appendages Lethaia 37 1 3 20 doi 10 1080 00241160410004764 ISSN 0024 1164 Daley Allison C Budd Graham E Caron Jean Bernard Edgecombe Gregory D Collins Desmond 2009 03 20 The Burgess Shale Anomalocaridid Hurdia and Its Significance for Early Euarthropod Evolution Science 323 5921 1597 1600 Bibcode 2009Sci 323 1597D doi 10 1126 science 1169514 ISSN 0036 8075 PMID 19299617 S2CID 206517995 Stein Martin 2010 03 01 A new arthropod from the Early Cambrian of North Greenland with a great appendage like antennula Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 158 3 477 500 doi 10 1111 j 1096 3642 2009 00562 x ISSN 0024 4082 Legg David A Sutton Mark D Edgecombe Gregory D Caron Jean Bernard 2012 Cambrian bivalved arthropod reveals origin of arthrodization Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences 279 1748 4699 4704 doi 10 1098 rspb 2012 1958 ISSN 0962 8452 PMC 3497099 PMID 23055069 Legg David A Sutton Mark D Edgecombe Gregory D 2013 09 30 Arthropod fossil data increase congruence of morphological and molecular phylogenies Nature Communications 4 1 2485 Bibcode 2013NatCo 4 2485L doi 10 1038 ncomms3485 ISSN 2041 1723 PMID 24077329 Daley Allison C Edgecombe Gregory D 2014 Morphology of Anomalocaris canadensis from the Burgess Shale Journal of Paleontology 88 1 68 91 Bibcode 2014JPal 88 68D doi 10 1666 13 067 ISSN 0022 3360 S2CID 86683798 a b Xian Guang Hou Siveter David J Siveter Derek J Aldridge Richard J Pei Yun Cong Gabbott Sarah E Xiao Ya Ma Purnell Mark A Williams Mark 2017 04 24 The Cambrian Fossils of Chengjiang China The Flowering of Early Animal Life John Wiley amp Sons ISBN 9781118896389 a b Van Roy Peter Daley Allison C Briggs Derek E G 2015 06 04 Anomalocaridid trunk limb homology revealed by a giant filter feeder with paired flaps Nature 522 7554 77 80 Bibcode 2015Natur 522 77V doi 10 1038 nature14256 ISSN 1476 4687 PMID 25762145 S2CID 205242881 a b Aria Cedric Zhao Fangchen Zeng Han Guo Jin Zhu Maoyan 2020 Fossils from South China redefine the ancestral euarthropod body plan BMC Evolutionary Biology 20 1 4 Bibcode 2020BMCEE 20 4A doi 10 1186 s12862 019 1560 7 ISSN 1471 2148 PMC 6950928 PMID 31914921 Ortega Hernandez Javier Janssen Ralf Budd Graham E 2017 05 01 Origin and evolution of the panarthropod head A palaeobiological and developmental perspective Arthropod Structure amp Development Evolution of Segmentation 46 3 354 379 doi 10 1016 j asd 2016 10 011 ISSN 1467 8039 PMID 27989966 Haug Joachim T Waloszek Dieter Maas Andreas Liu Yu Haug Carolin March 2012 Functional morphology ontogeny and evolution of mantis shrimp like predators in the Cambrian Palaeontology 55 2 369 399 Bibcode 2012Palgy 55 369H doi 10 1111 j 1475 4983 2011 01124 x S2CID 82841481 Zeng Han Zhao Fangchen Niu Kecheng Zhu Maoyan Huang Diying 2020 An early Cambrian euarthropod with radiodont like raptorial appendages Nature 588 7836 101 105 Bibcode 2020Natur 588 101Z doi 10 1038 s41586 020 2883 7 ISSN 1476 4687 PMID 33149303 S2CID 226248177 Hou Xianguang Bergstrom Jan Jie Yang 2006 Distinguishing anomalocaridids from arthropods and priapulids Geological Journal 41 3 4 259 269 Bibcode 2006GeolJ 41 259X doi 10 1002 gj 1050 S2CID 83582128 Budd Graham E 2021 05 01 The origin and evolution of the euarthropod labrum Arthropod Structure amp Development 62 101048 doi 10 1016 j asd 2021 101048 ISSN 1467 8039 Cong Peiyun Daley Allison C Edgecombe Gregory D Hou Xianguang 2017 The functional head of the Cambrian radiodontan stem group Euarthropoda Amplectobelua symbrachiata BMC Evolutionary Biology 17 1 208 Bibcode 2017BMCEE 17 208C doi 10 1186 s12862 017 1049 1 ISSN 1471 2148 PMC 5577670 PMID 28854872 Dinocaridids anomalous arthropods or arthropod like worms by Hou Xianguang amp Jan Bergstrom 2006 arguing that this genus is a dinocarididExternal links editAn Anomalocarid With Legs Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Parapeytoia amp oldid 1194147285, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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