The Pall Mall Gazette took the name of a fictional newspaper conceived by W. M. Thackeray. Pall Mall is a street in London where many gentlemen's clubs are located, hence Thackeray's description of this imaginary newspaper in his novel The History of Pendennis (1848–1850):
We address ourselves to the higher circles of society: we care not to disown it—The Pall Mall Gazette is written by gentlemen for gentlemen; its conductors speak to the classes in which they live and were born. The field-preacher has his journal, the radical free-thinker has his journal: why should the Gentlemen of England be unrepresented in the Press?
Under the ownership of George Smith of Smith, Elder & Co. from 1865 to 1880, with Frederick Greenwood as editor, The Pall Mall Gazette was a Conservative newspaper. Greenwood resigned in 1880, when the paper's new owner (Smith's new son-in-law, Henry Thompson) wished for it to support the policies of the Liberal Party.[1] Taking all the staff with him, Greenwood became the editor of the newly-founded St James's Gazette and maintained his advocacy of Conservative policy.[2][3] The first editor under Thompson's ownership was John Morley (later Viscount Morley), with W. T. Stead as assistant editor. Morley resigned in 1883 to go into politics.[4]
Stead's editorship from 1883 to 1889 saw the paper cover such subjects as child prostitution; his campaign compelled the government to increase the age of consent from 13 to 16 in 1885. This was one of the first examples of investigative journalism, and Stead was arrested for "unlawful taking of a child" (when he purchased thirteen-year-old Eliza Armstrong from her mother for the meagre price of £5, to highlight how easy it was to buy children). The affair distressed its owner, Thompson, who dismissed Stead, and hired the handsome society figure, Henry Cust, editor from 1892 to 1896, who returned the paper to its Conservative beginnings.
Thompson sold the paper to William Waldorf Astor in 1896. Sir Douglas Straight was editor until 1909, followed by F. J. Higginbottom, under whom the paper declined. Circulation doubled between 1911–15 under the editor James Louis Garvin, but the paper declined once more under its last editor D. L. Sutherland. It was absorbed into The Evening Standard in 1923.[5]
The British Weekly, "one of the most successful religious newspapers of its time", followed stylistically in the footsteps of the Pall Mall Gazette, "including interviews of prominent personalities, use of line illustrations and photographs, special supplements, investigative reporting, sensationalist headlines, and serialised debates".[7]
References in popular culture
Many works of fiction refer to The Pall Mall Gazette. For example:
In Bram Stoker's epistolary novelDracula (1897), the reader is presented with a Pall Mall Gazette article describing the escape of a wolf from the Zoological Gardens.
In H. G. Wells's The Time Machine (1895), the Time Traveller returns to London and sees that day's edition of The Pall Mall Gazette. From its date he knows that he is home at his starting point in time.
In the Peruvian novel Vienen los Chilenos (The Chileans are Coming) by Guillermo Thorndike (1978), Mr. Petrie, an English gentleman travelling to Lima during the 19th-century Saltpeter War, visits its Phoenix Club, where Englishmen and England-educated Peruvians meet and converse in English. In its library he selects The Times, The Pall Mall Gazette, and some American newspapers, and reads news of the attempted assassination of the Tsar, the famine in Ireland, the fighting between British and Afghan troops, and the cavalry attacks on the Sioux in the United States.
^Jones, Dorothy Richardson (1992). "King of Critics": George Saintsbury, 1845–1933, Critic, Journalist, Historian, Professor. University of Michigan Press. p. 91. ISBN9780472103164.
^Chapman-Huston, Desmond (1936). The lost historian: a memoir of Sir Sidney Low. London: J. Murray.
^ abAndrews, Allen Robert Ernest (June 1968). The Forward Party: The Pall Gazette 1865–1889 (M.A. Thesis). Vancouver: University of British Columbia. pp. v, 26–44, 45–66. Retrieved 8 February 2022.
^Brake,Laurel; Demoor, Marysa Dictionary of Nineteenth-century Journalism in Great Britain and Ireland, Academia Press, 2009, p478
^Martin, Arthur Patchett (1851–1902) at the Australian Dictionary of Biography
^Brown, Stewart J. (1 November 2012). "Keith A. Ives, Voices of Nonconformity: William Robertson Nicoll and the British Weekly (Cambridge: Lutterworth Press, 2011. Pp. 323; illus. Paperback ISBN 978-0-7188-9222-7, £23.00)". Journal of Scottish Historical Studies. 32 (2): 213–215. doi:10.3366/jshs.2012.0051. Retrieved 15 January 2022.
^"Dalziel Buys the Pall Mall Gazette", New York Times, 5 January 1917
^Douglas Straight at Probert encyclopaedia 2011-06-08 at the Wayback Machine
Further reading
John Scott (1950). The Story of the Pall Mall Gazette, of its first editor Frederick Greenwood and of its Founder George Murray Smith. Oxford University Press.
Raymond Schultz (1972). Crusader in Babylon: WT Stead and the Pall Mall Gazette.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pall Mall Gazette.
Pall Mall Gazette — By John Simkin (john@spartacus-educational.com)
Frances Carruthers Gould & The Pall Mall Gazette - UK Parliament Living Heritage
February 26, 2023
pall, mall, gazette, evening, newspaper, founded, london, february, 1865, george, murray, smith, first, editor, frederick, greenwood, 1921, globe, merged, into, which, itself, absorbed, into, evening, standard, 1923, front, page, first, editiontypedaily, after. The Pall Mall Gazette was an evening newspaper founded in London on 7 February 1865 by George Murray Smith its first editor was Frederick Greenwood In 1921 The Globe merged into The Pall Mall Gazette which itself was absorbed into The Evening Standard in 1923 The Pall Mall GazetteFront page of the first editionTypeDaily afternoons Owner s G Smith 1865 80 H Thompson 1880 92 W Astor 1892 1915 H Dalziel 1916 23 Founded7 February 1865LanguageEnglishCeased publication1923HeadquartersLondonBeginning late in 1868 at least through the 1880s a selection or digest of its contents was published as the weekly Pall Mall Budget Contents 1 History 2 References in popular culture 3 Ownership 4 Editorship 5 See also 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External linksHistory EditThe Pall Mall Gazette took the name of a fictional newspaper conceived by W M Thackeray Pall Mall is a street in London where many gentlemen s clubs are located hence Thackeray s description of this imaginary newspaper in his novel The History of Pendennis 1848 1850 We address ourselves to the higher circles of society we care not to disown it The Pall Mall Gazette is written by gentlemen for gentlemen its conductors speak to the classes in which they live and were born The field preacher has his journal the radical free thinker has his journal why should the Gentlemen of England be unrepresented in the Press Under the ownership of George Smith of Smith Elder amp Co from 1865 to 1880 with Frederick Greenwood as editor The Pall Mall Gazette was a Conservative newspaper Greenwood resigned in 1880 when the paper s new owner Smith s new son in law Henry Thompson wished for it to support the policies of the Liberal Party 1 Taking all the staff with him Greenwood became the editor of the newly founded St James s Gazette and maintained his advocacy of Conservative policy 2 3 The first editor under Thompson s ownership was John Morley later Viscount Morley with W T Stead as assistant editor Morley resigned in 1883 to go into politics 4 Stead s editorship from 1883 to 1889 saw the paper cover such subjects as child prostitution his campaign compelled the government to increase the age of consent from 13 to 16 in 1885 This was one of the first examples of investigative journalism and Stead was arrested for unlawful taking of a child when he purchased thirteen year old Eliza Armstrong from her mother for the meagre price of 5 to highlight how easy it was to buy children The affair distressed its owner Thompson who dismissed Stead and hired the handsome society figure Henry Cust editor from 1892 to 1896 who returned the paper to its Conservative beginnings Thompson sold the paper to William Waldorf Astor in 1896 Sir Douglas Straight was editor until 1909 followed by F J Higginbottom under whom the paper declined Circulation doubled between 1911 15 under the editor James Louis Garvin but the paper declined once more under its last editor D L Sutherland It was absorbed into The Evening Standard in 1923 5 Several well known writers contributed to The Pall Mall Gazette over the years George Bernard Shaw gained his first job in journalism writing for the paper Other contributors have included Anthony Trollope Friedrich Engels Oscar Wilde Robert Louis Stevenson Charles Whibley Sir Spencer Walpole Arthur Patchett Martin 6 and Jamaican born writer Eneas Sweetland Dallas The British Weekly one of the most successful religious newspapers of its time followed stylistically in the footsteps of the Pall Mall Gazette including interviews of prominent personalities use of line illustrations and photographs special supplements investigative reporting sensationalist headlines and serialised debates 7 References in popular culture EditMany works of fiction refer to The Pall Mall Gazette For example Consulting detective Sherlock Holmes places an advertisement in newspapers including The Pall Mall Gazette in The Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle 1892 In Bram Stoker s epistolary novel Dracula 1897 the reader is presented with a Pall Mall Gazette article describing the escape of a wolf from the Zoological Gardens In H G Wells s The Time Machine 1895 the Time Traveller returns to London and sees that day s edition of The Pall Mall Gazette From its date he knows that he is home at his starting point in time In Wells s The War of the Worlds 1898 the narrator describes the pre Martian periodical called Punch as a prophecy clarification needed In director Nicholas Meyer s first feature film Time After Time 1979 H G Wells played by Malcolm McDowell is a time traveler himself 90 years in his future chasing Jack the Ripper by David Warner through the city of San Francisco in the year 1979 In a revolving restaurant new female friend Amy by Mary Steenburgen states that Wells strikes her as the type that never reads a newspaper Wells replies I used to write for a newspaper The Pall Mall Gazette In the Peruvian novel Vienen los Chilenos The Chileans are Coming by Guillermo Thorndike 1978 Mr Petrie an English gentleman travelling to Lima during the 19th century Saltpeter War visits its Phoenix Club where Englishmen and England educated Peruvians meet and converse in English In its library he selects The Times The Pall Mall Gazette and some American newspapers and reads news of the attempted assassination of the Tsar the famine in Ireland the fighting between British and Afghan troops and the cavalry attacks on the Sioux in the United States In Gabrielle D annunzio s novel The Pleasure The Pall Mall Gazette is referred as the scandalous English newspaper Ownership EditGeorge Smith 1865 1880 Henry Yates Thompson 1880 1892 William Waldorf Astor 1892 1917 Henry Dalziel 1917 1923 8 Editorship EditEditor s name YearsFrederick Greenwood 1865 1880John Morley 4 1880 1883William Thomas Stead 1883 1889Edward Tyas Cook 1890 1892Henry Cust 1892 1896Douglas Straight 9 1896 1909Frederick Higginbottom 1909 1912James Louis Garvin 1912 1915D M Sutherland 1915 1923See also EditList of newspapers in the United Kingdom Pall Mall BudgetReferences Edit Lee Sidney Smith George Stephen Leslie 2012 1902 George Smith a Memoir With Some Pages of Autobiography Cambridge University Press p 56 ISBN 9781108047647 Jones Dorothy Richardson 1992 King of Critics George Saintsbury 1845 1933 Critic Journalist Historian Professor University of Michigan Press p 91 ISBN 9780472103164 Chapman Huston Desmond 1936 The lost historian a memoir of Sir Sidney Low London J Murray a b Andrews Allen Robert Ernest June 1968 The Forward Party The Pall Gazette 1865 1889 M A Thesis Vancouver University of British Columbia pp v 26 44 45 66 Retrieved 8 February 2022 Brake Laurel Demoor Marysa Dictionary of Nineteenth century Journalism in Great Britain and Ireland Academia Press 2009 p478 Martin Arthur Patchett 1851 1902 at the Australian Dictionary of Biography Brown Stewart J 1 November 2012 Keith A Ives Voices of Nonconformity William Robertson Nicoll and the British Weekly Cambridge Lutterworth Press 2011 Pp 323 illus Paperback ISBN 978 0 7188 9222 7 23 00 Journal of Scottish Historical Studies 32 2 213 215 doi 10 3366 jshs 2012 0051 Retrieved 15 January 2022 Dalziel Buys the Pall Mall Gazette New York Times 5 January 1917 Douglas Straight at Probert encyclopaedia Archived 2011 06 08 at the Wayback MachineFurther reading EditJohn Scott 1950 The Story of the Pall Mall Gazette of its first editor Frederick Greenwood and of its Founder George Murray Smith Oxford University Press Raymond Schultz 1972 Crusader in Babylon WT Stead and the Pall Mall Gazette External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pall Mall Gazette Pall Mall Gazette By John Simkin john spartacus educational com The W T Stead Resource Site Frances Carruthers Gould amp The Pall Mall Gazette UK Parliament Living Heritage Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title The Pall Mall Gazette amp oldid 1130663988, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
