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PDCD1LG2

January 01, 1970

Programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 (also known as PD-L2, B7-DC) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PDCD1LG2 gene.[5][6] PDCD1LG2 has also been designated as CD273 (cluster of differentiation 273). PDCD1LG2 is an immune checkpoint receptor ligand which plays a role in negative regulation of the adaptive immune response.[5][7] PD-L2 is one of two known ligands for Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1).[5]

PDCD1LG2
Identifiers
AliasesPDCD1LG2, B7DC, Btdc, CD273, PD-L2, PDCD1L2, PDL2, bA574F11.2, programmed cell death 1 ligand 2
External IDsOMIM: 605723; MGI: 1930125; HomoloGene: 10973; GeneCards: PDCD1LG2; OMA:PDCD1LG2 - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

80380

58205

Ensembl

ENSG00000197646

ENSMUSG00000016498

UniProt

Q9BQ51

Q9WUL5

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_025239

NM_021396

RefSeq (protein)

NP_079515

NP_067371

Location (UCSC)Chr 9: 5.51 – 5.57 MbChr 19: 29.39 – 29.45 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Structure edit

 
X-ray crystallography structure of high affinity mutant hPDL2-hPD1 complex (1.986 Å) reported in Tang and Kim, PNAS 2019. hPD-1: green/blue, hPD-L2: red/orange/yellow

PD-L2 is a cell surface receptor belonging to the B7 protein family.[8] It consists of both an immunoglobulin-like variable domain and an immunoglobulin-like constant domain in the extracellular region, a transmembrane domain, and a cytoplasmic domain.[8] PD-L2 shares considerable sequence homology with other B7 proteins,[9] but it does not contain the putative binding sequence for CD28/CTLA4, namely SQDXXXELY or XXXYXXRT.[9]

The crystal structure of murine PD-L2 bound to murine PD-1 has been determined.[10] as well as the structure of the hPD-L2/mutant hPD-1 complex.[11]

Expression edit

Profile edit

PD-L2 is primarily expressed on professional antigen presenting cells including dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages.[12] Others have shown PD-L2 expression in certain T helper cell subsets and cytotoxic T cells.[13][14] PD-L2 protein is widely expressed in many healthy tissues including the GI tract tissues, skeletal muscles, tonsils, and pancreas.[15] Additionally, PD-L2 has moderate to high expression in triple-negative breast cancer and gastric cancer and low expression in renal cell carcinoma.[16] PD-L2 mRNA is widely expressed and not enriched in any particular tissue.[15]

Regulation edit

Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GMCSF) both upregulate PD-L2 expression in DCs in vitro.[12] IFN-α, IFN-β, and IFN-γ induce moderate upregulation of PD-L2 expression.[12]

Function edit

PD-L2 binds to its receptor PD-1 with dissociation constant Kd of 11.3 nM.[17] Binding to PD-1 can activate pathways inhibiting TCR/BCR-mediated immune cell activation[12] (for a more detailed discussion see PD-1 signaling). PD-L2 plays an important role in immune tolerance and autoimmunity.[18] Both PD-L1 and PD-L2 can inhibit T cell proliferation and inflammatory cytokine production.[17] Blocking PD-L2 has been shown to exacerbate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.[18] Unlike PD-L1, PD-L2 has been shown activate the immune system. PD-L2 triggers IL-12 production in murine dendritic cells leading to T cell activation.[17] Others have shown that treatment with PD-L2 Ig led to T helper cell proliferation.[18]

Clinical significance edit

PD-L2, PD-L1, and PD-1 expressions are important in the immune response to certain cancers. Due to their role in suppressing the adaptive immune system, efforts have been made to block PD-1 and PD-L1, resulting in FDA approved inhibitors for both (see pembrolizumab, nivolumab, atezolizumab). There are still no FDA approved inhibitors for PD-L2 as of 2019.[19]

The direct role of PD-L2 in cancer progression and immune-tumor microenvironment regulation is not as well studied as the role of PD-L1.[16] In mouse cell cultures, PD-L2 expression on tumor cells suppressed cytotoxic T cell-mediated immune responses.[20]

Indirectly, PD-L2 may have utility as a biomarker or prognostic indicator. PD-L2 expression has been shown to predict response to PD-1 blockade with pembrolizumab independently of PD-L1 expression.[16] However, PD-L2 does not putatively predict outcome in cancer, with some studies suggesting it predicts negative prognoses[21][22][23] and other studies suggesting it predicts positive prognoses.[24]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000197646 – Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000016498 – Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ a b c Latchman Y, Wood CR, Chernova T, Chaudhary D, Borde M, Chernova I, et al. (March 2001). "PD-L2 is a second ligand for PD-1 and inhibits T cell activation". Nature Immunology. 2 (3): 261–8. doi:10.1038/85330. PMID 11224527. S2CID 27659586.
  6. ^ "Entrez Gene: PDCD1LG2 programmed cell death 1 ligand 2".
  7. ^ McDermott DF, Atkins MB (October 2013). "PD-1 as a potential target in cancer therapy". Cancer Medicine. 2 (5): 662–73. doi:10.1002/cam4.106. PMC 3892798. PMID 24403232.
  8. ^ a b Chen L (May 2004). "Co-inhibitory molecules of the B7-CD28 family in the control of T-cell immunity". Nature Reviews. Immunology. 4 (5): 336–47. doi:10.1038/nri1349. PMID 15122199. S2CID 33548210.
  9. ^ a b Tseng SY, Otsuji M, Gorski K, Huang X, Slansky JE, Pai SI, et al. (April 2001). "B7-DC, a new dendritic cell molecule with potent costimulatory properties for T cells". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 193 (7): 839–46. doi:10.1084/jem.193.7.839. PMC 2193370. PMID 11283156.
  10. ^ Lázár-Molnár E, Yan Q, Cao E, Ramagopal U, Nathenson SG, Almo SC (July 2008). "Crystal structure of the complex between programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L2". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 105 (30): 10483–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.0804453105. PMC 2492495. PMID 18641123.
  11. ^ Tang S, Kim PS (December 2019). "A high-affinity human PD-1/PD-L2 complex informs avenues for small-molecule immune checkpoint drug discovery". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 116 (49): 24500–24506. Bibcode:2019PNAS..11624500T. doi:10.1073/pnas.1916916116. PMC 6900541. PMID 31727844.
  12. ^ a b c d Sharpe AH, Wherry EJ, Ahmed R, Freeman GJ (March 2007). "The function of programmed cell death 1 and its ligands in regulating autoimmunity and infection". Nature Immunology. 8 (3): 239–45. doi:10.1038/ni1443. PMID 17304234. S2CID 8749576.
  13. ^ Messal N, Serriari NE, Pastor S, Nunès JA, Olive D (September 2011). "PD-L2 is expressed on activated human T cells and regulates their function" (PDF). Molecular Immunology. 48 (15–16): 2214–9. doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2011.06.436. PMID 21752471. S2CID 33134166.
  14. ^ Lesterhuis WJ, Steer H, Lake RA (October 2011). "PD-L2 is predominantly expressed by Th2 cells". Molecular Immunology. 49 (1–2): 1–3. doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2011.09.014. PMID 22000002.
  15. ^ a b "Tissue expression of PDCD1LG2". The Human Protein Atlas. Retrieved 2020-03-05.
  16. ^ a b c Yearley JH, Gibson C, Yu N, Moon C, Murphy E, Juco J, et al. (June 2017). "PD-L2 Expression in Human Tumors: Relevance to Anti-PD-1 Therapy in Cancer". Clinical Cancer Research. 23 (12): 3158–3167. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-1761. PMID 28619999.
  17. ^ a b c Ghiotto M, Gauthier L, Serriari N, Pastor S, Truneh A, Nunès JA, Olive D (August 2010). "PD-L1 and PD-L2 differ in their molecular mechanisms of interaction with PD-1". International Immunology. 22 (8): 651–60. doi:10.1093/intimm/dxq049. PMC 3168865. PMID 20587542.
  18. ^ a b c Zhang Y, Chung Y, Bishop C, Daugherty B, Chute H, Holst P, et al. (August 2006). "Regulation of T cell activation and tolerance by PDL2". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 103 (31): 11695–700. Bibcode:2006PNAS..10311695Z. doi:10.1073/pnas.0601347103. PMC 1544232. PMID 16864790.
  19. ^ "Search of: PDCD1LG2 - List Results - ClinicalTrials.gov". clinicaltrials.gov. Retrieved 2020-03-04.
  20. ^ Tanegashima T, Togashi Y, Azuma K, Kawahara A, Ideguchi K, Sugiyama D, et al. (August 2019). "Immune Suppression by PD-L2 against Spontaneous and Treatment-Related Antitumor Immunity". Clinical Cancer Research. 25 (15): 4808–4819. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-18-3991. hdl:2324/4475014. PMID 31076547.
  21. ^ Wang ZL, Li GZ, Wang QW, Bao ZS, Wang Z, Zhang CB, Jiang T (2019). "PD-L2 expression is correlated with the molecular and clinical features of glioma, and acts as an unfavorable prognostic factor". Oncoimmunology. 8 (2): e1541535. doi:10.1080/2162402X.2018.1541535. PMC 6343813. PMID 30713802.
  22. ^ Yang H, Zhou X, Sun L, Mao Y (2019). "Correlation Between PD-L2 Expression and Clinical Outcome in Solid Cancer Patients: A Meta-Analysis". Frontiers in Oncology. 9: 47. doi:10.3389/fonc.2019.00047. PMC 6413700. PMID 30891423.
  23. ^ Tobin JW, Keane C, Gunawardana J, Mollee P, Birch S, Hoang T, et al. (2019). "Progression of Disease Within 24 Months in Follicular Lymphoma Is Associated With Reduced Intratumoral Immune Infiltration". Journal of Clinical Oncology. 37 (34): 3300–3309. doi:10.1200/JCO.18.02365. PMC 6784528. PMID 31570492.
  24. ^ Obeid JM, Erdag G, Smolkin ME, Deacon DH, Patterson JW, Chen L, et al. (2016). "PD-L1, PD-L2 and PD-1 expression in metastatic melanoma: Correlation with tumor-infiltrating immune cells and clinical outcome". Oncoimmunology. 5 (11): e1235107. doi:10.1080/2162402X.2016.1235107. PMC 5139635. PMID 27999753.

Further reading edit

  • Tseng SY, Otsuji M, Gorski K, Huang X, Slansky JE, Pai SI, et al. (April 2001). "B7-DC, a new dendritic cell molecule with potent costimulatory properties for T cells". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 193 (7): 839–46. doi:10.1084/jem.193.7.839. PMC 2193370. PMID 11283156.
  • Brown JA, Dorfman DM, Ma FR, Sullivan EL, Munoz O, Wood CR, et al. (February 2003). "Blockade of programmed death-1 ligands on dendritic cells enhances T cell activation and cytokine production". Journal of Immunology. 170 (3): 1257–66. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.170.3.1257. PMID 12538684.
  • Youngnak P, Kozono Y, Kozono H, Iwai H, Otsuki N, Jin H, et al. (August 2003). "Differential binding properties of B7-H1 and B7-DC to programmed death-1". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. 307 (3): 672–7. doi:10.1016/S0006-291X(03)01257-9. PMID 12893276.
  • Tsushima F, Iwai H, Otsuki N, Abe M, Hirose S, Yamazaki T, et al. (October 2003). "Preferential contribution of B7-H1 to programmed death-1-mediated regulation of hapten-specific allergic inflammatory responses". European Journal of Immunology. 33 (10): 2773–82. doi:10.1002/eji.200324084. PMID 14515261. S2CID 34992725.
  • Aramaki O, Shirasugi N, Takayama T, Shimazu M, Kitajima M, Ikeda Y, et al. (January 2004). "Programmed death-1-programmed death-L1 interaction is essential for induction of regulatory cells by intratracheal delivery of alloantigen". Transplantation. 77 (1): 6–12. doi:10.1097/01.TP.0000108637.65091.4B. PMID 14724428. S2CID 25360886.
  • He XH, Liu Y, Xu LH, Zeng YY (April 2004). "Cloning and identification of two novel splice variants of human PD-L2". Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica. 36 (4): 284–9. doi:10.1093/abbs/36.4.284. PMID 15253154.
  • Zhang Z, Henzel WJ (October 2004). "Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites". Protein Science. 13 (10): 2819–24. doi:10.1110/ps.04682504. PMC 2286551. PMID 15340161.
  • Ohigashi Y, Sho M, Yamada Y, Tsurui Y, Hamada K, Ikeda N, et al. (April 2005). "Clinical significance of programmed death-1 ligand-1 and programmed death-1 ligand-2 expression in human esophageal cancer". Clinical Cancer Research. 11 (8): 2947–53. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-1469. PMID 15837746.
  • Saunders PA, Hendrycks VR, Lidinsky WA, Woods ML (December 2005). "PD-L2:PD-1 involvement in T cell proliferation, cytokine production, and integrin-mediated adhesion". European Journal of Immunology. 35 (12): 3561–9. doi:10.1002/eji.200526347. PMID 16278812. S2CID 43876326.
  • Pfistershammer K, Klauser C, Pickl WF, Stöckl J, Leitner J, Zlabinger G, et al. (May 2006). "No evidence for dualism in function and receptors: PD-L2/B7-DC is an inhibitory regulator of human T cell activation". European Journal of Immunology. 36 (5): 1104–13. doi:10.1002/eji.200535344. PMC 2975063. PMID 16598819.
  • Abelson AK, Johansson CM, Kozyrev SV, Kristjansdottir H, Gunnarsson I, Svenungsson E, et al. (January 2007). "No evidence of association between genetic variants of the PDCD1 ligands and SLE". Genes and Immunity. 8 (1): 69–74. doi:10.1038/sj.gene.6364360. PMID 17136123.
  • Mataki N, Kikuchi K, Kawai T, Higashiyama M, Okada Y, Kurihara C, et al. (February 2007). "Expression of PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2 in the liver in autoimmune liver diseases". The American Journal of Gastroenterology. 102 (2): 302–12. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00948.x. PMID 17311651. S2CID 8083797.
  • Wang SC, Lin CH, Ou TT, Wu CC, Tsai WC, Hu CJ, et al. (April 2007). "Ligands for programmed cell death 1 gene in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus". The Journal of Rheumatology. 34 (4): 721–5. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/34.8.721. PMID 17343323.

External links edit


 

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January 01, 1970
pdcd1lg2, programmed, cell, death, ligand, also, known, protein, that, humans, encoded, gene, also, been, designated, cd273, cluster, differentiation, immune, checkpoint, receptor, ligand, which, plays, role, negative, regulation, adaptive, immune, response, k. Programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 also known as PD L2 B7 DC is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PDCD1LG2 gene 5 6 PDCD1LG2 has also been designated as CD273 cluster of differentiation 273 PDCD1LG2 is an immune checkpoint receptor ligand which plays a role in negative regulation of the adaptive immune response 5 7 PD L2 is one of two known ligands for Programmed cell death protein 1 PD 1 5 PDCD1LG2IdentifiersAliasesPDCD1LG2 B7DC Btdc CD273 PD L2 PDCD1L2 PDL2 bA574F11 2 programmed cell death 1 ligand 2External IDsOMIM 605723 MGI 1930125 HomoloGene 10973 GeneCards PDCD1LG2 OMA PDCD1LG2 orthologsGene location Human Chr Chromosome 9 human 1 Band9p24 1Start5 510 531 bp 1 End5 571 282 bp 1 Gene location Mouse Chr Chromosome 19 mouse 2 Band19 19 C1Start29 388 319 bp 2 End29 448 561 bp 2 RNA expression patternBgeeHumanMouse ortholog Top expressed instromal cell of endometriumAchilles tendonappendixlymph nodespleengallbladdersmooth muscle tissueupper lobe of left lungright lungright coronary arteryTop expressed insubmandibular glandthymusspleenskin of abdomenbloodduodenumcarotid bodyjejunumthoracic diaphragmtracheaMore reference expression dataBioGPSMore reference expression dataGene ontologyMolecular functionmolecular function protein bindingCellular componentintegral component of membrane extracellular region endomembrane system membrane plasma membrane external side of plasma membrane cell surfaceBiological processnegative regulation of activated T cell proliferation T cell costimulation negative regulation of interleukin 10 production negative regulation of T cell proliferation negative regulation of interferon gamma production immune response positive regulation of T cell proliferation signal transduction cell surface receptor signaling pathway cellular response to lipopolysaccharide adaptive immune response immune system processSources Amigo QuickGOOrthologsSpeciesHumanMouseEntrez8038058205EnsemblENSG00000197646ENSMUSG00000016498UniProtQ9BQ51Q9WUL5RefSeq mRNA NM 025239NM 021396RefSeq protein NP 079515NP 067371Location UCSC Chr 9 5 51 5 57 MbChr 19 29 39 29 45 MbPubMed search 3 4 WikidataView Edit HumanView Edit Mouse Contents 1 Structure 2 Expression 2 1 Profile 2 2 Regulation 3 Function 4 Clinical significance 5 References 6 Further reading 7 External linksStructure edit nbsp X ray crystallography structure of high affinity mutant hPDL2 hPD1 complex 1 986 A reported in Tang and Kim PNAS 2019 hPD 1 green blue hPD L2 red orange yellow PD L2 is a cell surface receptor belonging to the B7 protein family 8 It consists of both an immunoglobulin like variable domain and an immunoglobulin like constant domain in the extracellular region a transmembrane domain and a cytoplasmic domain 8 PD L2 shares considerable sequence homology with other B7 proteins 9 but it does not contain the putative binding sequence for CD28 CTLA4 namely SQDXXXELY or XXXYXXRT 9 The crystal structure of murine PD L2 bound to murine PD 1 has been determined 10 as well as the structure of the hPD L2 mutant hPD 1 complex 11 Expression editProfile edit PD L2 is primarily expressed on professional antigen presenting cells including dendritic cells DCs and macrophages 12 Others have shown PD L2 expression in certain T helper cell subsets and cytotoxic T cells 13 14 PD L2 protein is widely expressed in many healthy tissues including the GI tract tissues skeletal muscles tonsils and pancreas 15 Additionally PD L2 has moderate to high expression in triple negative breast cancer and gastric cancer and low expression in renal cell carcinoma 16 PD L2 mRNA is widely expressed and not enriched in any particular tissue 15 Regulation edit Interleukin 4 IL 4 and granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor GMCSF both upregulate PD L2 expression in DCs in vitro 12 IFN a IFN b and IFN g induce moderate upregulation of PD L2 expression 12 Function editPD L2 binds to its receptor PD 1 with dissociation constant Kd of 11 3 nM 17 Binding to PD 1 can activate pathways inhibiting TCR BCR mediated immune cell activation 12 for a more detailed discussion see PD 1 signaling PD L2 plays an important role in immune tolerance and autoimmunity 18 Both PD L1 and PD L2 can inhibit T cell proliferation and inflammatory cytokine production 17 Blocking PD L2 has been shown to exacerbate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis 18 Unlike PD L1 PD L2 has been shown activate the immune system PD L2 triggers IL 12 production in murine dendritic cells leading to T cell activation 17 Others have shown that treatment with PD L2 Ig led to T helper cell proliferation 18 Clinical significance editPD L2 PD L1 and PD 1 expressions are important in the immune response to certain cancers Due to their role in suppressing the adaptive immune system efforts have been made to block PD 1 and PD L1 resulting in FDA approved inhibitors for both see pembrolizumab nivolumab atezolizumab There are still no FDA approved inhibitors for PD L2 as of 2019 19 The direct role of PD L2 in cancer progression and immune tumor microenvironment regulation is not as well studied as the role of PD L1 16 In mouse cell cultures PD L2 expression on tumor cells suppressed cytotoxic T cell mediated immune responses 20 Indirectly PD L2 may have utility as a biomarker or prognostic indicator PD L2 expression has been shown to predict response to PD 1 blockade with pembrolizumab independently of PD L1 expression 16 However PD L2 does not putatively predict outcome in cancer with some studies suggesting it predicts negative prognoses 21 22 23 and other studies suggesting it predicts positive prognoses 24 References edit a b c GRCh38 Ensembl release 89 ENSG00000197646 Ensembl May 2017 a b c GRCm38 Ensembl release 89 ENSMUSG00000016498 Ensembl May 2017 Human PubMed Reference National Center for Biotechnology Information U S National Library of Medicine Mouse PubMed Reference National Center for Biotechnology Information U S National Library of Medicine a b c Latchman Y Wood CR Chernova T Chaudhary D Borde M Chernova I et al March 2001 PD L2 is a second ligand for PD 1 and inhibits T cell activation Nature Immunology 2 3 261 8 doi 10 1038 85330 PMID 11224527 S2CID 27659586 Entrez Gene PDCD1LG2 programmed cell death 1 ligand 2 McDermott DF Atkins MB October 2013 PD 1 as a potential target in cancer therapy Cancer Medicine 2 5 662 73 doi 10 1002 cam4 106 PMC 3892798 PMID 24403232 a b Chen L May 2004 Co inhibitory molecules of the B7 CD28 family in the control of T cell immunity Nature Reviews Immunology 4 5 336 47 doi 10 1038 nri1349 PMID 15122199 S2CID 33548210 a b Tseng SY Otsuji M Gorski K Huang X Slansky JE Pai SI et al April 2001 B7 DC a new dendritic cell molecule with potent costimulatory properties for T cells The Journal of Experimental Medicine 193 7 839 46 doi 10 1084 jem 193 7 839 PMC 2193370 PMID 11283156 Lazar Molnar E Yan Q Cao E Ramagopal U Nathenson SG Almo SC July 2008 Crystal structure of the complex between programmed death 1 PD 1 and its ligand PD L2 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 105 30 10483 8 doi 10 1073 pnas 0804453105 PMC 2492495 PMID 18641123 Tang S Kim PS December 2019 A high affinity human PD 1 PD L2 complex informs avenues for small molecule immune checkpoint drug discovery Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 116 49 24500 24506 Bibcode 2019PNAS 11624500T doi 10 1073 pnas 1916916116 PMC 6900541 PMID 31727844 a b c d Sharpe AH Wherry EJ Ahmed R Freeman GJ March 2007 The function of programmed cell death 1 and its ligands in regulating autoimmunity and infection Nature Immunology 8 3 239 45 doi 10 1038 ni1443 PMID 17304234 S2CID 8749576 Messal N Serriari NE Pastor S Nunes JA Olive D September 2011 PD L2 is expressed on activated human T cells and regulates their function PDF Molecular Immunology 48 15 16 2214 9 doi 10 1016 j molimm 2011 06 436 PMID 21752471 S2CID 33134166 Lesterhuis WJ Steer H Lake RA October 2011 PD L2 is predominantly expressed by Th2 cells Molecular Immunology 49 1 2 1 3 doi 10 1016 j molimm 2011 09 014 PMID 22000002 a b Tissue expression of PDCD1LG2 The Human Protein Atlas Retrieved 2020 03 05 a b c Yearley JH Gibson C Yu N Moon C Murphy E Juco J et al June 2017 PD L2 Expression in Human Tumors Relevance to Anti PD 1 Therapy in Cancer Clinical Cancer Research 23 12 3158 3167 doi 10 1158 1078 0432 CCR 16 1761 PMID 28619999 a b c Ghiotto M Gauthier L Serriari N Pastor S Truneh A Nunes JA Olive D August 2010 PD L1 and PD L2 differ in their molecular mechanisms of interaction with PD 1 International Immunology 22 8 651 60 doi 10 1093 intimm dxq049 PMC 3168865 PMID 20587542 a b c Zhang Y Chung Y Bishop C Daugherty B Chute H Holst P et al August 2006 Regulation of T cell activation and tolerance by PDL2 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 103 31 11695 700 Bibcode 2006PNAS 10311695Z doi 10 1073 pnas 0601347103 PMC 1544232 PMID 16864790 Search of PDCD1LG2 List Results ClinicalTrials gov clinicaltrials gov Retrieved 2020 03 04 Tanegashima T Togashi Y Azuma K Kawahara A Ideguchi K Sugiyama D et al August 2019 Immune Suppression by PD L2 against Spontaneous and Treatment Related Antitumor Immunity Clinical Cancer Research 25 15 4808 4819 doi 10 1158 1078 0432 CCR 18 3991 hdl 2324 4475014 PMID 31076547 Wang ZL Li GZ Wang QW Bao ZS Wang Z Zhang CB Jiang T 2019 PD L2 expression is correlated with the molecular and clinical features of glioma and acts as an unfavorable prognostic factor Oncoimmunology 8 2 e1541535 doi 10 1080 2162402X 2018 1541535 PMC 6343813 PMID 30713802 Yang H Zhou X Sun L Mao Y 2019 Correlation Between PD L2 Expression and Clinical Outcome in Solid Cancer Patients A Meta Analysis Frontiers in Oncology 9 47 doi 10 3389 fonc 2019 00047 PMC 6413700 PMID 30891423 Tobin JW Keane C Gunawardana J Mollee P Birch S Hoang T et al 2019 Progression of Disease Within 24 Months in Follicular Lymphoma Is Associated With Reduced Intratumoral Immune Infiltration Journal of Clinical Oncology 37 34 3300 3309 doi 10 1200 JCO 18 02365 PMC 6784528 PMID 31570492 Obeid JM Erdag G Smolkin ME Deacon DH Patterson JW Chen L et al 2016 PD L1 PD L2 and PD 1 expression in metastatic melanoma Correlation with tumor infiltrating immune cells and clinical outcome Oncoimmunology 5 11 e1235107 doi 10 1080 2162402X 2016 1235107 PMC 5139635 PMID 27999753 Further reading editTseng SY Otsuji M Gorski K Huang X Slansky JE Pai SI et al April 2001 B7 DC a new dendritic cell molecule with potent costimulatory properties for T cells The Journal of Experimental Medicine 193 7 839 46 doi 10 1084 jem 193 7 839 PMC 2193370 PMID 11283156 Brown JA Dorfman DM Ma FR Sullivan EL Munoz O Wood CR et al February 2003 Blockade of programmed death 1 ligands on dendritic cells enhances T cell activation and cytokine production Journal of Immunology 170 3 1257 66 doi 10 4049 jimmunol 170 3 1257 PMID 12538684 Youngnak P Kozono Y Kozono H Iwai H Otsuki N Jin H et al August 2003 Differential binding properties of B7 H1 and B7 DC to programmed death 1 Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 307 3 672 7 doi 10 1016 S0006 291X 03 01257 9 PMID 12893276 Tsushima F Iwai H Otsuki N Abe M Hirose S Yamazaki T et al October 2003 Preferential contribution of B7 H1 to programmed death 1 mediated regulation of hapten specific allergic inflammatory responses European Journal of Immunology 33 10 2773 82 doi 10 1002 eji 200324084 PMID 14515261 S2CID 34992725 Aramaki O Shirasugi N Takayama T Shimazu M Kitajima M Ikeda Y et al January 2004 Programmed death 1 programmed death L1 interaction is essential for induction of regulatory cells by intratracheal delivery of alloantigen Transplantation 77 1 6 12 doi 10 1097 01 TP 0000108637 65091 4B PMID 14724428 S2CID 25360886 He XH Liu Y Xu LH Zeng YY April 2004 Cloning and identification of two novel splice variants of human PD L2 Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 36 4 284 9 doi 10 1093 abbs 36 4 284 PMID 15253154 Zhang Z Henzel WJ October 2004 Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites Protein Science 13 10 2819 24 doi 10 1110 ps 04682504 PMC 2286551 PMID 15340161 Ohigashi Y Sho M Yamada Y Tsurui Y Hamada K Ikeda N et al April 2005 Clinical significance of programmed death 1 ligand 1 and programmed death 1 ligand 2 expression in human esophageal cancer Clinical Cancer Research 11 8 2947 53 doi 10 1158 1078 0432 CCR 04 1469 PMID 15837746 Saunders PA Hendrycks VR Lidinsky WA Woods ML December 2005 PD L2 PD 1 involvement in T cell proliferation cytokine production and integrin mediated adhesion European Journal of Immunology 35 12 3561 9 doi 10 1002 eji 200526347 PMID 16278812 S2CID 43876326 Pfistershammer K Klauser C Pickl WF Stockl J Leitner J Zlabinger G et al May 2006 No evidence for dualism in function and receptors PD L2 B7 DC is an inhibitory regulator of human T cell activation European Journal of Immunology 36 5 1104 13 doi 10 1002 eji 200535344 PMC 2975063 PMID 16598819 Abelson AK Johansson CM Kozyrev SV Kristjansdottir H Gunnarsson I Svenungsson E et al January 2007 No evidence of association between genetic variants of the PDCD1 ligands and SLE Genes and Immunity 8 1 69 74 doi 10 1038 sj gene 6364360 PMID 17136123 Mataki N Kikuchi K Kawai T Higashiyama M Okada Y Kurihara C et al February 2007 Expression of PD 1 PD L1 and PD L2 in the liver in autoimmune liver diseases The American Journal of Gastroenterology 102 2 302 12 doi 10 1111 j 1572 0241 2006 00948 x PMID 17311651 S2CID 8083797 Wang SC Lin CH Ou TT Wu CC Tsai WC Hu CJ et al April 2007 Ligands for programmed cell death 1 gene in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus The Journal of Rheumatology 34 4 721 5 doi 10 1093 rheumatology 34 8 721 PMID 17343323 External links editPDCD1LG2 protein human at the U S National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings MeSH nbsp This membrane protein related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title PDCD1LG2 amp oldid 1193782240, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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