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Otto Fönnekold

August 22, 2023

Otto Fönnekold (15 February 1920 – 31 August 1944) was a German Luftwaffe military aviator during World War II, a fighter ace credited with 136 aerial victories—that is, 136 aerial combat encounters resulting in the destruction of the enemy aircraft. All but three of his victories were claimed over the Soviet Air Forces in about 600 combat missions.

Otto Fönnekold
Fönnekold as a Leutnant
Born(1920-02-15)15 February 1920
Hamburg
Died31 August 1944(1944-08-31) (aged 24)
Ssaß-Budak, Siebenbürgen
Allegiance Nazi Germany
Service/branch Luftwaffe
Years of service1939–1944
RankLeutnant (second lieutenant)
UnitJG 52
Commands held5./JG 52
Battles/warsWorld War II
AwardsKnight's Cross of the Iron Cross

Born in Hamburg, Fönnekold was trained as a fighter pilot and posted to Jagdgeschwader 52 (JG 52–52nd Fighter Wing) in late 1942. Fighting on the Eastern Front, he claimed his first aerial victory on 7 September 1942 during Case Blue, the German strategic 1942 summer offensive in southern Russia. On 12 January 1944, Fönnekold was credited with his 100th aerial victory and was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 26 March 1944. In April 1944, he was appointed Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 5. Staffel (5th squadron) of JG 52. He was killed in action on 31 August 1944 by a strafing US North American P-51 Mustang at the airfield in Ssaß-Budak.

Career

Fönnekold was born on 15 February 1920 in Hamburg of the Weimar Republic. Following flight training,[Note 1] he was posted to the 5. Staffel (5th squadron) of Jagdgeschwader 52 (JG 52—52nd Fighter Wing) in the fall of 1942.[2] At the time, this squadron was officially commanded by Oberleutnant Siegfried Simsch who was on home leave recovering from wounds sustained on 29 May.[3] 5. Staffel was a squadron of II. Gruppe (2nd group) of JG 52 commanded by Hauptmann Johannes Steinhoff.[4]

War against the Soviet Union

 
II./JG 52 insignia

World War II in Europe had begun on Friday 1 September 1939 when German forces invaded Poland. Germany had launched Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941. A year later, German forces launched Operation Fridericus II, the attack on Kupiansk, a preliminary operation to Case Blue, the strategic 1942 summer offensive in southern Russia.[5] In August 1942, II. Gruppe was subordinated to VIII. Fliegerkorps and supported the 6th Army offensive to capture Stalingrad.[6] On 6 September, II. Gruppe reached an airfield named Gonschtakowka located north-northeast of Mozdok on the Terek in the Caucasus.[7]

Fönnekold claimed his first aerial victory on 7 September when he shot down a Lavochkin-Gorbunov-Gudkov LaGG-3 fighter.[8] The Gruppe then moved to Maykop located in the North Caucasus on 21 September where, with the exception of 24 to 29 October, they were based until 26 November.[9] Operating from Maykop, Fönnekold claimed his second aerial victory, an Ilyushin Il-2 ground-attack aircraft shot down on 6 October.[10] There, he claimed three further aerial victories over LaGG-3 fighters, one each on 29 October, 15 and 19 November.[11] On 19 November, Soviet forces launched Operation Uranus which led to the encirclement of Axis forces in the vicinity of Stalingrad. To support the German forces fighting in the Battle of Stalingrad forced the Luftwaffe to relocate its forces and ordered II. Gruppe to move from Maykop to Morozovsk, located approximately 200 kilometers (120 miles) west of Stalingrad, on 26 November.[12] There, Fönnekold claimed another LaGG-3 fighter shot down on 11 December before the Gruppe moved to Zimovniki the following day.[13]

On 17 December, II. Gruppe relocated again, this time to Kotelnikovo where they stayed until 26 December. Operating from Kotelnikovo, Fönnekold claimed a Lavochkin La-5 fighter shot down on 22 December and another on 25 December.[13] On 22 January 1943, II. Gruppe had to retreat further and moved to an airfield at Rostov-on-Don where Fönnekold shot down a LaGG-3 fighter on 30 January. On 7 February 1943, the Gruppe moved to Kuteinikowo near Stalino, present-day Donetsk, where Fönnekold claimed two Yakovlev Yak-1 the following day.[14]

Kuban bridgehead and Crimea

The Gruppe was moved to the combat area of the Kuban bridgehead on 10 February 1943 where it was initially based at an airfield at Slavyansk-na-Kubani. Due to whether conditions, II. Gruppe then moved to Kerch on 16 February.[15] While based at Slavyansk-na-Kubani, Fönnekold claimed two Polikarpov I-16 fighters shot down on 14 February and a Polikarpov I-153 biplane fighter on 27 February.[16] On 13 March, the Gruppe moved to Anapa located on the northern coast of the Black Sea near the Sea of Azov and was fighting in the Battle of the Caucasus.[17]

 
Bf 109s of II./JG 52 at Anapa

On 8 May, Leutnant Helmut Haberda, who had led 5. Staffel since Simsch was injured in November 1942, was killed in action. In consequence Oberleutnant Wilhelm Batz was appointed Staffelkapitän (Squadron Leader) of the Staffel on 9 May.[18] That day, Fönnekold claimed a LaGG-3 fighter shot down.[19] By 31 May, he claimed ten further aerial victories, increasing his total to 28 aerial victories.[20] In June, Fönnekold added seven more claims, reaching 35 aerial victories.[21] While in July the bulk of the Luftwaffe fighter force was being concentrated further north and fought in the Battle of Kursk, II. Gruppe with some exceptions remained at Anapa. Here, Fönnekold claimed further aerial victories, reaching 39 claims by end of July and 49 claims by end of August.[22] Fönnekold was awarded the Honour Goblet of the Luftwaffe (Ehrenpokal der Luftwaffe) on 9 August and the German Cross in Gold (Deutsches Kreuz in Gold) on 16 August 1943.[23]

On 1 September, II. Gruppe was made complete again, reuniting with all three Staffeln at a makeshift airfield named Karlowka located located approximately 50 kilometers (31 miles) east of Poltava.[24] There, Fönnekold claimed four aerial victories total. On 6, 7 and 8 September he claimed an Il-2 ground-attack aircraft shot down, and on 10 September he was credited with the destruction of a Yak-1 fighter, taking his total to 53 claims.[25] On 1 October, the Gruppe moved to an airfield at Nove Zaporizhzhya located approximately 15 kilometers (9.3 miles) west of Zaporizhzhia. The Gruppe relocated to an airfield named Beresowka near the Inhulets, located approximately halfway between Kremenchuk and Kirovohrad. They remained at Beresowka until 25 October when the Gruppe moved to Fedorivka, a small village 17 kilometers (11 miles) north-northwest of Melitopol. Two days later, the Gruppe was ordered to Askania-Nova.[26] By the end of October 1943, Fönnekold's number of aerial victories claimed had increased to 65, making him the second most successful and still living fighter pilot in II. Gruppe at the time.[27] The Gruppe had moved to Kherson on 30 October and then transferred to Baherove on the Crimean peninsula where they were based until 19 March 1944.[28]

Based at Baherove, Fönnekold increased his number of aerial victories to 80 by end November and to 92 aerial victory claims by the end of 1943.[29] On 12 January 1944, Fönnekold claimed three aerial victories, including his 100th aerial victory in total.[30][Note 2] He was the 62nd Luftwaffe pilot to achieve the century mark.[32] Fönnekold was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes) on 26 March 1944.[33][34] On 8 April, Soviet forces launched the Crimean offensive, forcing the Germans to evacuate the Crimea. By this date, Fönnekold had accumulated 116 aerial victories.[35]

Squadron leader and death

On 14 April 1944, II. Gruppe moved to an airfield at Chersonesus at Sevastopol where they were based until 9 May.[36] On 19 April, Fönnekold was appointed Staffelkapitän of 5. Staffel of JG 52 when its former commander, Batz, was appointed Gruppenkommandeur of III. Gruppe of JG 52.[37][18] The Gruppe was transferred to Huși at the Prut River on 27 May 1944.[38] There, on 30 May, Fönnekold became an "ace-in-a-day" when claimed seven Bell P-39 Airacobra fighters and a single Yak-1 fighter shot down near Tudora and Iași.[39] Included in this figure are three claims over P-39 fighters from 129 GvIAP (Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment—Gvardeyskiy Istrebitelny Aviatsionny Polk).[40] On 9 July, aerial combat with two Yakovlev Yak-9 fighters resulted in a forced landing of his Messerschmitt Bf 109 G-6 (Werknummer 163564—factory number) near Iași.[41]

On 29 August, III. Gruppe relocated to an airfield at Budak, present-day Budacu de Sus and part of Dumitrița.[42] Fönnekold claimed three United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) North American P-51 Mustang fighters shot down near Luieriu (Lövér) on 31 August.[43] Later that day, he was bounced during his landing approach at Ssaß-Budak by P-51 fighters. One of the .50 caliber projectiles penetrated his heart while taxiing his Bf 109 G-6 (Werknummer 441931) "black 9".[44][45] He was succeeded by Heinrich Sturm as commander of 5. Staffel.[46] Fönnekold was buried on the cemetery at Ssaß-Budak.[42]

Summary of career

Aerial victory claims

According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Fönnekold was credited with 136 aerial victories.[47] Spick also lists Fönnekold with 136 aerial victories claimed in approximately 600 combat missions.[48] Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and found records for 134 confirmed and three unconfirmed aerial victories. All these victories were claimed on the Eastern Front.[49]

Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 54512". The Luftwaffe grid map (Jägermeldenetz) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about 360 square miles (930 km2). These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area 3 km × 4 km (1.9 mi × 2.5 mi) in size.[50]

Chronicle of aerial victories
  This and the ♠ (Ace of spades) indicates those aerial victories which made Fönnekold an "ace-in-a-day", a term which designates a fighter pilot who has shot down five or more airplanes in a single day.
  This and the – (dash) indicates unconfirmed aerial victory claims for which Fönnekold did not receive credit.
  This and the ? (question mark) indicates information discrepancies listed by Barbas, Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike, Bock, Mathews and Foreman.
Claim Date Time Type Location Claim Date Time Type Location
– 5. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –[51]
Eastern Front — September 1942 – 3 February 1943
1 7 September 1942 09:27 LaGG-3 PQ 54512[52] 6 11 December 1942 12:45 LaGG-3 PQ 49381[53]
25 km (16 mi) south of Basargino
2 6 October 1942 12:35 Il-2 PQ 96733[54]
25 km (16 mi) east-northeast of Tuapse 		7 22 December 1942 11:32 La-5 PQ 49712[55]
65 km (40 mi) south-southeast of Stalingrad
3 29 October 1942 15:40 LaGG-3 PQ 95873[56]
10 km (6.2 mi) east of Lazarevskoye 		8 25 December 1942 11:22 La-5 PQ 49773[55]
15 km (9.3 mi) east of Aksal
4 15 November 1942 08:50 LaGG-3 PQ 94194[57] 9 30 January 1943 14:52 LaGG-3 PQ 06391[55]
5 19 November 1942 12:50 LaGG-3 PQ 94634[57]
– 5. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –[58]
Eastern Front — 4 February – 31 December 1943
10 8 February 1943 09:35 Yak-1 PQ 44 Ost 09333[59] 52 8 September 1943 05:27 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 35 Ost 60521[60]
20 km (12 mi) west of Andreyevka
11 8 February 1943 09:50 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 99664[59]
5 km (3.1 mi) east of Rovenki 		53 10 September 1943 12:33 Yak-1 PQ 35 Ost 50283[60]
10 km (6.2 mi) west of Merefa
12 14 February 1943 11:00 I-16 PQ 34 Ost 7526[59] 54 12 October 1943 07:40 P-39 PQ 34 Ost 49173[61]
55 km (34 mi) east-northeast of Mironovka
13 14 February 1943 11:03 I-16 PQ 34 Ost 75232[59]
north of Krymsk 		55 15 October 1943 05:50 Yak-1 PQ 35 Ost 10123[61]
10 km (6.2 mi) south of Pereiaslav-Khmelnytskyi
14 27 February 1943 06:02 I-153 PQ 34 Ost 85344[62]
vicinity of Aberbijewka 		56 15 October 1943 05:58 Yak-1 PQ 35 Ost 10121[61]
10 km (6.2 mi) south of Pereiaslav-Khmelnytskyi
15 6 May 1943 05:38 La-5 PQ 34 Ost 75293, 8 km (5.0 mi) northwest of Neberdschajewskaja[63]
northeast of Novorossiysk 		57 19 October 1943 11:07 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 34 Ost 39424[61]
25 km (16 mi) east-northeast of Mironovka
16 6 May 1943 11:30 La-5 PQ 34 Ost 85153[63]
vicinity of Abinsk 		58 20 October 1943 10:10 Pe-2 PQ 34 Ost 39181, north of Petrowka[61]
15 km (9.3 mi) northeast of Alexandrija
17 6 May 1943 12:05 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 76894[63]
vicinity of Kijewakoje 		59 20 October 1943 12:55 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 34 Ost 39332, north of Krasnaja-Fedorowka[64]
10 km (6.2 mi) northeast of Mironovka
18 9 May 1943 16:10 LaGG-3 PQ 34 Ost 86754[65]
east of Trojzkaja 		60 20 October 1943 12:57 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 34 Ost 39412[64]
20 km (12 mi) northeast of Mironovka
19 15 May 1943 18:40 Yak-1 southwest of Kabardinka[65] 61 20 October 1943 12:58 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 34 Ost 39284[64]
30 km (19 mi) east-northeast of Mironovka
20 19 May 1943 07:20?[Note 4] LaGG-3 PQ 34 Ost 85313[65]
southeast of Schapssugskaja 		62 21 October 1943 06:50 P-39 PQ 34 Ost 39631[64]
20 km (12 mi) east of Pjatichatki
21 21 May 1943 04:23 R-5 PQ 34 Ost 96771[65]
10 km (6.2 mi) east of Krasnodar 		63 21 October 1943 14:45 P-39 PQ 34 Ost 39674[64]
vicinity of Piatykhatky
22 21 May 1943 15:42 U-2 PQ 34 Ost 96784[65]
20 km (12 mi) east of Krasnodar 		64 25 October 1943 12:28 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 57151[64]
5 km (3.1 mi) northwest of Melitopol
23 21 May 1943 15:46 U-2 PQ 34 Ost 96774[65]
10 km (6.2 mi) east of Krasnodar 		65 28 October 1943 14:38 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 34 Ost 47154[64]
30 km (19 mi) northwest of Ivanovka
24 28 May 1943 10:38 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 76893, southeast of Kijewskoje[65]
south of Bakanskij 		66 2 November 1943 14:40 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 34 Ost 66734, 5 km (3.1 mi) southeast of Eltigen[64]
25 29 May 1943 04:37 LaGG-3 north of Krymskaja[66]
north of Krymsk 		67 3 November 1943 11:20 R-5 PQ 34 Ost 66644[64]
east of Bakssy
26 29 May 1943 18:30 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 76894[66]
vicinity of Kijewakoje 		68 4 November 1943 12:37 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 34 Ost 66644[64]
east of Bakssy
27 30 May 1943 15:36 B-25 PQ 34 Ost 76861[66]
north of Kessjetowa 		69 5 November 1943 10:24 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 34 Ost 66842[67]
southwest of Tamanj
28 31 May 1943 05:25 LaGG-3 PQ 34 Ost 86772[66]
south of Trojzkaja 		70 5 November 1943 10:37 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 66732, east of Eltigen[67]
vicinity of Tobetschik
29 1 June 1943 08:48 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 76861[66]
Sea of Azov 		71 6 November 1943 09:03 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 66671, east of Kerch[67]
east of Kerch
30 6 June 1943 05:03 La-5 PQ 34 Ost 75231, northwest of Krymskaja[66]
northwest of Krymsk 		72 6 November 1943 06:06 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 66644[67]
east of Bakssy
31 7 June 1943 15:21?[Note 5] P-39 PQ 34 Ost 76822[66]
west of Kalabatka 		73 12 November 1943 10:27?[Note 6] Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 34 Ost 66641, northwest of Bakssy[67]
east of Bulganak
32 7 June 1943 15:25?[Note 7] P-39 PQ 34 Ost 76812[66]
vicinity of Kalabatka 		74 14 November 1943 14:03 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 34 Ost 66643, Kolonka[67]
east of Bakssy
33 10 June 1943 14:42 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 75473[69]
Black Sea, 25 km (16 mi) southwest of Novorossiysk 		75 21 November 1943 13:00 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 66562, south of Bulganag[67]
vicinity of Babtschik
34 15 June 1943 17:07 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 85373, south of Gelendzhik[69]
vicinity of Gelendzhik 		76 27 November 1943 08:39 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 66732, east of Eltigen[70]
vicinity of Tobetschik
35 25 June 1943 04:37?[Note 8] Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 85371[69]
vicinity of Gelendzhik 		77 27 November 1943 08:56 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 66641, northwest of Bakssz[70]
east of Bulganak
36 21 July 1943 04:32 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 88261[69]
vicinity of Jalisawehino 		78 28 November 1943 08:42 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 34 Ost 66594[70]
vicinity of Kamysch-Burun
37 23 July 1943 17:40?[Note 9] LaGG-3 PQ 34 Ost 88424[71]
20 km (12 mi) south of Jalisawehino 		79 28 November 1943 08:50 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 34 Ost 66732, east of Eltigen[70]
vicinity of Tobetschik
38 25 July 1943 07:44 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 98173[71]
40 km (25 mi) southwest of Rovenki 		80 28 November 1943 11:40 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 34 Ost 66813, west of Taman[70]
over sea, vicinity of Cape Tusla
39 31 July 1943 06:14 Il-2 PQ 34 Ost 88232[71]
30 km (19 mi) west-southwest of Rovenki 		81 1 December 1943 07:22 Il-2 PQ 34 Ost 66732, east of Eltigen[70]
vicinity of Tobetschik
40 2 August 1943 18:10 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 34 Ost 88621, northeast of Marinowka[71]
vicinity of Jalisawehino 		82 1 December 1943 13:45 Pe-2 north of Eltigen[70]
41 7 August 1943 07:38 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 34 Ost 75233, Kijewskoje[72]
west of Krymsk 		83 2 December 1943 14:20 LaGG-3 east of Eltigen[70]
42 7 August 1943 07:45 Spitfire PQ 34 Ost 76892, northeast of Kijewskoje[72]
vicinity of Kijewskoje 		84 2 December 1943 14:26 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] southeast of Eltigen[70]
43 7 August 1943 17:25 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 34 Ost 75261, Krymskaja[72]
north of Nowo-Bakanskaja 		85 4 December 1943 07:08 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] east of Eltigen[70]
44 9 August 1943 08:17 Spitfire PQ 34 Ost 75234, 5 km (3.1 mi) west of Moldawanskoje[72]
vicinity of Krymsk 		86 4 December 1943 07:17 LaGG-3 south-southwest of Eltigen[70]
45 9 August 1943 08:22 Yak-1 PQ 34 Ost 75292, 4 km (2.5 mi) south of Nebershajewskaja[72]
northeast of Noworossijsi 		87 4 December 1943 11:02 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] southeast of Eltigen[70]
46 9 August 1943 08:25 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 34 Ost 75261, 8 km (5.0 mi) northeast of Moldawanskoje[72]
north of Nowo-Bakanskaja 		88 4 December 1943 11:12 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] southwest of Eltigen[73]
47 26 August 1943 15:42 LaGG-3 PQ 34 Ost 76863, northwest of Kijewskoje[74]
north of Kessjetowa 		89 5 December 1943 13:20 P-39 southwest of Eltigen[73]
48 26 August 1943 15:47 LaGG-3 PQ 34 Ost 85114, north of Abinskaja[74]
vicinity of Mertschanskaja 		90 8 December 1943 13:53 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] south of Kolonka[73]
49 31 August 1943 12:14 P-39 PQ 34 Ost 88671[74]
25 km (16 mi) west-northwest of Taganrog 		91 8 December 1943 13:59 Il-2 PQ 34 Ost 66671, east of Kerch[73]
50 6 September 1943 10:02 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 35 Ost 60174[60]
vicinity west of Merefa 		92 11 December 1943 09:11 Yak-1 east of Eltigen[73]
north of Taman
51 7 September 1943 09:19 Il-2 m.H.[Note 3] PQ 35 Ost 60522[60]
20 km (12 mi) west of Andreyevka
– 5. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 –[75]
Eastern Front — 1 January – 31 August 1944
93 4 January 1944 06:43 Il-2 Cape Khroni[30] 116 23 March 1944 07:03 unknown Cape Khroni[76]
94 9 January 1944 12:01 P-39 Adzhimushkay[30] 117♠ 30 May 1944 10:35 P-39 vicinity of Iași[39]
vicinity of Sulani
95 9 January 1944 14:40 LaGG-3 PQ 66614[30]
vicinity of Majak-Bakny 		118♠ 30 May 1944 11:05 P-39 PQ 78642[39]
10 km (6.2 mi) south of Tudora
96 10 January 1944 09:45 Il-2 vicinity of Bulganak[30] 119♠ 30 May 1944 13:50 P-39 vicinity of Iași[39]
10 km (6.2 mi) south of Iași
97 10 January 1944 11:50 Yak-1 vicinity of Grammatikowo[30] 120♠ 30 May 1944 14:08 P-39 vicinity of Huși[39]
8 km (5.0 mi) north of Iași
98 11 January 1944 13:32 LaGG-3 Adzhimushkay[30] 121♠ 30 May 1944 14:12 P-39 vicinity of Iași[39]
10 km (6.2 mi) south of Iași
99 12 January 1944 06:50 Boston PQ 66611[30]
vicinity of Cape Khroni 		122♠ 30 May 1944 14:41 P-39 PQ 78671[39]
15 km (9.3 mi) north of Iași
100 12 January 1944 13:46 P-39 Cape Tarchan[30] 123?[Note 10] 30 May 1944 17:51 Yak-1 vicinity of Huși[39]
101 12 January 1944 14:06 Il-2 PQ 66614[30]
vicinity of Majak-Bakny 		124♠ 30 May 1944 17:52 P-39 PQ 78644[39]
10 km (6.2 mi) north of Tudora
102 13 January 1944 07:26 Yak-1 Adzhimushkay[30] 125 31 May 1944 04:12 Yak-1 PQ 78674[39]
8 km (5.0 mi) north of Iași
103 17 January 1944 10:40 P-39 Cape Tarchan[30] 126 31 May 1944 12:45 P-39 PQ 78673[39]
15 km (9.3 mi) north of Iași
104 19 January 1944 12:10 Il-2 PQ 66642[30]
Majak 		127 2 June 1944 09:03 Boston PQ 78634[78]
15 km (9.3 mi) northwest of Iași
105 23 January 1944 06:47 Il-2 PQ 66652[30]
Malikut 		128 2 June 1944 13:50 Il-2 PQ 78732[78]
15 km (9.3 mi) northwest of Iași
106 25 January 1944 12:37 Boston PQ 66673[79]
Kossa Tulsa 		129 27 June 1944 04:48?[Note 11] Yak-7 PQ 7924[78]
107 28 January 1944 12:07 Yak-1 north of Kerch[79] 130 4 August 1944 11:20 Il-2 PQ 11595[78]
15 km (9.3 mi) northeast of Mielec
108 28 January 1944 15:01 Il-2 vicinity of Kerch[79] 131 5 August 1944 11:05 P-39 PQ 11644[78]
vicinity of Mielec
109 5 February 1944 06:26 P-39 vicinity of Kerch[79] 132 21 August 1944 18:40 La-5 20 km (12 mi) northeast of Leipzig
110 7 February 1944 06:56 P-39 vicinity of Bulganak[79] 133 22 August 1944 07:16 La-5?[Note 12] PQ 97524[76]
30 km (19 mi) east-northeast of Leipzig
111 7 February 1944 13:28?[Note 13] Yak-1 PQ 66673[79]
vicinity of Kossa Tulsa 		134 22 August 1944 13:25 Yak-7 PQ 87662[76]
25 km (16 mi) east-northeast of Szekszárd
112 10 February 1944 08:00 Yak-9 PQ 66514[79]
west of Dsheilaw 		135 23 August 1944 17:26 Yak-7 PQ 87828[76]
20 km (12 mi) near Leipzig
113 14 March 1944 12:55 Pe-2 PQ 47793[76]
30 km (19 mi) southwest of Genitschek
—
 31 August 1944
—
 P-51 vicinity of Luieriu (Lövér)[43]
114 22 March 1944 10:55 Yak-7 Cape Tarchan[76]
—
 31 August 1944
—
 P-51 vicinity of Luieriu (Lövér)[43]
115 22 March 1944 11:00 Yak-7 Adzhimushkay[76]
—
 31 August 1944
—
 P-51 vicinity of Luieriu (Lövér)[43]

Awards

Notes

  1. ^ Flight training in the Luftwaffe progressed through the levels A1, A2 and B1, B2, referred to as A/B flight training. A training included theoretical and practical training in aerobatics, navigation, long-distance flights and dead-stick landings. The B courses included high-altitude flights, instrument flights, night landings and training to handle the aircraft in difficult situations.[1]
  2. ^ According to Page, Fönnekold claimed his 100th aerial victory on 18 January 1944.[31]
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y The "m.H." refers to an Ilyushin Il-2 with rear gunner (mit Heckschütze).
  4. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 07:26.[51]
  5. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 15:23.[51]
  6. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 10:17.[68]
  7. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 15:27.[51]
  8. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 04:17.[51]
  9. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 18:40.[51]
  10. ^ This claim is not listed by Mathews and Foreman.[77]
  11. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 04:08.[77]
  12. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed as a Yakovlev Yak-9.[77]
  13. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 13:25.[77]
  14. ^ According to Obermaier on 6 September 1943.[2]

References

Citations

  1. ^ Bergström, Antipov & Sundin 2003, p. 17.
  2. ^ a b Obermaier 1989, p. 111.
  3. ^ Prien et al. 2006, pp. 475, 502.
  4. ^ Prien et al. 2006, p. 475.
  5. ^ Prien et al. 2006, p. 452.
  6. ^ Prien et al. 2006, p. 458.
  7. ^ Barbas 2005, p. 108.
  8. ^ Prien et al. 2006, pp. 462, 490.
  9. ^ Barbas 2005, pp. 108–110.
  10. ^ Barbas 2005, p. 335.
  11. ^ Barbas 2005, pp. 336–337.
  12. ^ Barbas 2005, pp. 110–111.
  13. ^ a b Barbas 2005, pp. 112, 338.
  14. ^ Barbas 2005, pp. 114, 340.
  15. ^ Barbas 2005, p. 124.
  16. ^ Barbas 2005, p. 341.
  17. ^ Prien et al. 2012, p. 375.
  18. ^ a b Barbas 2005, p. 286.
  19. ^ Barbas 2005, p. 346.
  20. ^ Barbas 2005, pp. 128, 346–347.
  21. ^ Barbas 2005, p. 129.
  22. ^ Barbas 2005, pp. 130–131.
  23. ^ Barbas 2005, p. 288.
  24. ^ Barbas 2005, p. 132.
  25. ^ Barbas 2005, pp. 133, 351–352.
  26. ^ Barbas 2005, p. 134.
  27. ^ Barbas 2005, p. 135.
  28. ^ Barbas 2005, pp. 135, 152.
  29. ^ Barbas 2005, p. 153.
  30. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Barbas 2005, p. 358.
  31. ^ Page 2020, p. 89.
  32. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 243.
  33. ^ Schreier 1990, p. 178.
  34. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2014, p. 319.
  35. ^ Bergström 2008, p. 46.
  36. ^ Barbas 2005, p. 158.
  37. ^ Weal 2001, p. 75.
  38. ^ Barbas 2005, p. 163.
  39. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Barbas 2005, p. 366.
  40. ^ Bergström 2008, p. 55.
  41. ^ Barbas 2005, p. 321.
  42. ^ a b Barbas 2005, p. 170.
  43. ^ a b c d Barbas 2005, p. 368.
  44. ^ Barbas 2005, p. 322.
  45. ^ Weal 2001, p. 80.
  46. ^ Weal 2004, p. 112.
  47. ^ Zabecki 2019, p. 329.
  48. ^ Spick 1996, p. 230.
  49. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2014, pp. 319–322.
  50. ^ Planquadrat.
  51. ^ a b c d e f Mathews & Foreman 2014, p. 320.
  52. ^ Prien et al. 2006, p. 490.
  53. ^ Prien et al. 2006, p. 497.
  54. ^ Prien et al. 2006, p. 491.
  55. ^ a b c Prien et al. 2006, p. 498.
  56. ^ Prien et al. 2006, p. 492.
  57. ^ a b Prien et al. 2006, p. 494.
  58. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2014, pp. 320–321.
  59. ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2012, p. 378.
  60. ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2012, p. 389.
  61. ^ a b c d e Prien et al. 2012, p. 390.
  62. ^ Prien et al. 2012, p. 379.
  63. ^ a b c Prien et al. 2012, p. 382.
  64. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Prien et al. 2012, p. 391.
  65. ^ a b c d e f g Prien et al. 2012, p. 383.
  66. ^ a b c d e f g h Prien et al. 2012, p. 384.
  67. ^ a b c d e f g Prien et al. 2012, p. 392.
  68. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2014, p. 321.
  69. ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2012, p. 385.
  70. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Prien et al. 2012, p. 393.
  71. ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2012, p. 386.
  72. ^ a b c d e f Prien et al. 2012, p. 387.
  73. ^ a b c d e Prien et al. 2012, p. 394.
  74. ^ a b c Prien et al. 2012, p. 388.
  75. ^ Mathews & Foreman 2014, pp. 321–322.
  76. ^ a b c d e f g Barbas 2005, p. 361.
  77. ^ a b c d Mathews & Foreman 2014, p. 322.
  78. ^ a b c d e Barbas 2005, p. 367.
  79. ^ a b c d e f g Barbas 2005, p. 359.
  80. ^ Patzwall 2008, p. 78.
  81. ^ Patzwall & Scherzer 2001, p. 118.
  82. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 183, 490.
  83. ^ Scherzer 2007, p. 313.

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August 22, 2023
otto, fönnekold, february, 1920, august, 1944, german, luftwaffe, military, aviator, during, world, fighter, credited, with, aerial, victories, that, aerial, combat, encounters, resulting, destruction, enemy, aircraft, three, victories, were, claimed, over, so. Otto Fonnekold 15 February 1920 31 August 1944 was a German Luftwaffe military aviator during World War II a fighter ace credited with 136 aerial victories that is 136 aerial combat encounters resulting in the destruction of the enemy aircraft All but three of his victories were claimed over the Soviet Air Forces in about 600 combat missions Otto FonnekoldFonnekold as a LeutnantBorn 1920 02 15 15 February 1920HamburgDied31 August 1944 1944 08 31 aged 24 Ssass Budak SiebenburgenAllegiance Nazi GermanyService wbr branch LuftwaffeYears of service1939 1944RankLeutnant second lieutenant UnitJG 52Commands held5 JG 52Battles warsWorld War IIAwardsKnight s Cross of the Iron CrossBorn in Hamburg Fonnekold was trained as a fighter pilot and posted to Jagdgeschwader 52 JG 52 52nd Fighter Wing in late 1942 Fighting on the Eastern Front he claimed his first aerial victory on 7 September 1942 during Case Blue the German strategic 1942 summer offensive in southern Russia On 12 January 1944 Fonnekold was credited with his 100th aerial victory and was awarded the Knight s Cross of the Iron Cross on 26 March 1944 In April 1944 he was appointed Staffelkapitan squadron leader of 5 Staffel 5th squadron of JG 52 He was killed in action on 31 August 1944 by a strafing US North American P 51 Mustang at the airfield in Ssass Budak Contents 1 Career 1 1 War against the Soviet Union 1 2 Kuban bridgehead and Crimea 1 3 Squadron leader and death 2 Summary of career 2 1 Aerial victory claims 2 2 Awards 3 Notes 4 References 4 1 Citations 4 2 BibliographyCareer EditFonnekold was born on 15 February 1920 in Hamburg of the Weimar Republic Following flight training Note 1 he was posted to the 5 Staffel 5th squadron of Jagdgeschwader 52 JG 52 52nd Fighter Wing in the fall of 1942 2 At the time this squadron was officially commanded by Oberleutnant Siegfried Simsch who was on home leave recovering from wounds sustained on 29 May 3 5 Staffel was a squadron of II Gruppe 2nd group of JG 52 commanded by Hauptmann Johannes Steinhoff 4 War against the Soviet Union Edit II JG 52 insigniaWorld War II in Europe had begun on Friday 1 September 1939 when German forces invaded Poland Germany had launched Operation Barbarossa the invasion of the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941 A year later German forces launched Operation Fridericus II the attack on Kupiansk a preliminary operation to Case Blue the strategic 1942 summer offensive in southern Russia 5 In August 1942 II Gruppe was subordinated to VIII Fliegerkorps and supported the 6th Army offensive to capture Stalingrad 6 On 6 September II Gruppe reached an airfield named Gonschtakowka located north northeast of Mozdok on the Terek in the Caucasus 7 Fonnekold claimed his first aerial victory on 7 September when he shot down a Lavochkin Gorbunov Gudkov LaGG 3 fighter 8 The Gruppe then moved to Maykop located in the North Caucasus on 21 September where with the exception of 24 to 29 October they were based until 26 November 9 Operating from Maykop Fonnekold claimed his second aerial victory an Ilyushin Il 2 ground attack aircraft shot down on 6 October 10 There he claimed three further aerial victories over LaGG 3 fighters one each on 29 October 15 and 19 November 11 On 19 November Soviet forces launched Operation Uranus which led to the encirclement of Axis forces in the vicinity of Stalingrad To support the German forces fighting in the Battle of Stalingrad forced the Luftwaffe to relocate its forces and ordered II Gruppe to move from Maykop to Morozovsk located approximately 200 kilometers 120 miles west of Stalingrad on 26 November 12 There Fonnekold claimed another LaGG 3 fighter shot down on 11 December before the Gruppe moved to Zimovniki the following day 13 On 17 December II Gruppe relocated again this time to Kotelnikovo where they stayed until 26 December Operating from Kotelnikovo Fonnekold claimed a Lavochkin La 5 fighter shot down on 22 December and another on 25 December 13 On 22 January 1943 II Gruppe had to retreat further and moved to an airfield at Rostov on Don where Fonnekold shot down a LaGG 3 fighter on 30 January On 7 February 1943 the Gruppe moved to Kuteinikowo near Stalino present day Donetsk where Fonnekold claimed two Yakovlev Yak 1 the following day 14 Kuban bridgehead and Crimea Edit The Gruppe was moved to the combat area of the Kuban bridgehead on 10 February 1943 where it was initially based at an airfield at Slavyansk na Kubani Due to whether conditions II Gruppe then moved to Kerch on 16 February 15 While based at Slavyansk na Kubani Fonnekold claimed two Polikarpov I 16 fighters shot down on 14 February and a Polikarpov I 153 biplane fighter on 27 February 16 On 13 March the Gruppe moved to Anapa located on the northern coast of the Black Sea near the Sea of Azov and was fighting in the Battle of the Caucasus 17 Bf 109s of II JG 52 at AnapaOn 8 May Leutnant Helmut Haberda who had led 5 Staffel since Simsch was injured in November 1942 was killed in action In consequence Oberleutnant Wilhelm Batz was appointed Staffelkapitan Squadron Leader of the Staffel on 9 May 18 That day Fonnekold claimed a LaGG 3 fighter shot down 19 By 31 May he claimed ten further aerial victories increasing his total to 28 aerial victories 20 In June Fonnekold added seven more claims reaching 35 aerial victories 21 While in July the bulk of the Luftwaffe fighter force was being concentrated further north and fought in the Battle of Kursk II Gruppe with some exceptions remained at Anapa Here Fonnekold claimed further aerial victories reaching 39 claims by end of July and 49 claims by end of August 22 Fonnekold was awarded the Honour Goblet of the Luftwaffe Ehrenpokal der Luftwaffe on 9 August and the German Cross in Gold Deutsches Kreuz in Gold on 16 August 1943 23 On 1 September II Gruppe was made complete again reuniting with all three Staffeln at a makeshift airfield named Karlowka located located approximately 50 kilometers 31 miles east of Poltava 24 There Fonnekold claimed four aerial victories total On 6 7 and 8 September he claimed an Il 2 ground attack aircraft shot down and on 10 September he was credited with the destruction of a Yak 1 fighter taking his total to 53 claims 25 On 1 October the Gruppe moved to an airfield at Nove Zaporizhzhya located approximately 15 kilometers 9 3 miles west of Zaporizhzhia The Gruppe relocated to an airfield named Beresowka near the Inhulets located approximately halfway between Kremenchuk and Kirovohrad They remained at Beresowka until 25 October when the Gruppe moved to Fedorivka a small village 17 kilometers 11 miles north northwest of Melitopol Two days later the Gruppe was ordered to Askania Nova 26 By the end of October 1943 Fonnekold s number of aerial victories claimed had increased to 65 making him the second most successful and still living fighter pilot in II Gruppe at the time 27 The Gruppe had moved to Kherson on 30 October and then transferred to Baherove on the Crimean peninsula where they were based until 19 March 1944 28 Based at Baherove Fonnekold increased his number of aerial victories to 80 by end November and to 92 aerial victory claims by the end of 1943 29 On 12 January 1944 Fonnekold claimed three aerial victories including his 100th aerial victory in total 30 Note 2 He was the 62nd Luftwaffe pilot to achieve the century mark 32 Fonnekold was awarded the Knight s Cross of the Iron Cross Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes on 26 March 1944 33 34 On 8 April Soviet forces launched the Crimean offensive forcing the Germans to evacuate the Crimea By this date Fonnekold had accumulated 116 aerial victories 35 Squadron leader and death Edit On 14 April 1944 II Gruppe moved to an airfield at Chersonesus at Sevastopol where they were based until 9 May 36 On 19 April Fonnekold was appointed Staffelkapitan of 5 Staffel of JG 52 when its former commander Batz was appointed Gruppenkommandeur of III Gruppe of JG 52 37 18 The Gruppe was transferred to Huși at the Prut River on 27 May 1944 38 There on 30 May Fonnekold became an ace in a day when claimed seven Bell P 39 Airacobra fighters and a single Yak 1 fighter shot down near Tudora and Iași 39 Included in this figure are three claims over P 39 fighters from 129 GvIAP Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment Gvardeyskiy Istrebitelny Aviatsionny Polk 40 On 9 July aerial combat with two Yakovlev Yak 9 fighters resulted in a forced landing of his Messerschmitt Bf 109 G 6 Werknummer 163564 factory number near Iași 41 On 29 August III Gruppe relocated to an airfield at Budak present day Budacu de Sus and part of Dumitrița 42 Fonnekold claimed three United States Army Air Forces USAAF North American P 51 Mustang fighters shot down near Luieriu Lover on 31 August 43 Later that day he was bounced during his landing approach at Ssass Budak by P 51 fighters One of the 50 caliber projectiles penetrated his heart while taxiing his Bf 109 G 6 Werknummer 441931 black 9 44 45 He was succeeded by Heinrich Sturm as commander of 5 Staffel 46 Fonnekold was buried on the cemetery at Ssass Budak 42 Summary of career EditAerial victory claims Edit According to US historian David T Zabecki Fonnekold was credited with 136 aerial victories 47 Spick also lists Fonnekold with 136 aerial victories claimed in approximately 600 combat missions 48 Mathews and Foreman authors of Luftwaffe Aces Biographies and Victory Claims researched the German Federal Archives and found records for 134 confirmed and three unconfirmed aerial victories All these victories were claimed on the Eastern Front 49 Victory claims were logged to a map reference PQ Planquadrat for example PQ 54512 The Luftwaffe grid map Jagermeldenetz covered all of Europe western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude an area of about 360 square miles 930 km2 These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area 3 km 4 km 1 9 mi 2 5 mi in size 50 Chronicle of aerial victories This and the Ace of spades indicates those aerial victories which made Fonnekold an ace in a day a term which designates a fighter pilot who has shot down five or more airplanes in a single day This and the dash indicates unconfirmed aerial victory claims for which Fonnekold did not receive credit This and the question mark indicates information discrepancies listed by Barbas Prien Stemmer Rodeike Bock Mathews and Foreman Claim Date Time Type Location Claim Date Time Type Location 5 Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 51 Eastern Front September 1942 3 February 19431 7 September 1942 09 27 LaGG 3 PQ 54512 52 6 11 December 1942 12 45 LaGG 3 PQ 49381 53 25 km 16 mi south of Basargino2 6 October 1942 12 35 Il 2 PQ 96733 54 25 km 16 mi east northeast of Tuapse 7 22 December 1942 11 32 La 5 PQ 49712 55 65 km 40 mi south southeast of Stalingrad3 29 October 1942 15 40 LaGG 3 PQ 95873 56 10 km 6 2 mi east of Lazarevskoye 8 25 December 1942 11 22 La 5 PQ 49773 55 15 km 9 3 mi east of Aksal4 15 November 1942 08 50 LaGG 3 PQ 94194 57 9 30 January 1943 14 52 LaGG 3 PQ 06391 55 5 19 November 1942 12 50 LaGG 3 PQ 94634 57 5 Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 58 Eastern Front 4 February 31 December 194310 8 February 1943 09 35 Yak 1 PQ 44 Ost 09333 59 52 8 September 1943 05 27 Il 2 m H Note 3 PQ 35 Ost 60521 60 20 km 12 mi west of Andreyevka11 8 February 1943 09 50 Yak 1 PQ 34 Ost 99664 59 5 km 3 1 mi east of Rovenki 53 10 September 1943 12 33 Yak 1 PQ 35 Ost 50283 60 10 km 6 2 mi west of Merefa12 14 February 1943 11 00 I 16 PQ 34 Ost 7526 59 54 12 October 1943 07 40 P 39 PQ 34 Ost 49173 61 55 km 34 mi east northeast of Mironovka13 14 February 1943 11 03 I 16 PQ 34 Ost 75232 59 north of Krymsk 55 15 October 1943 05 50 Yak 1 PQ 35 Ost 10123 61 10 km 6 2 mi south of Pereiaslav Khmelnytskyi14 27 February 1943 06 02 I 153 PQ 34 Ost 85344 62 vicinity of Aberbijewka 56 15 October 1943 05 58 Yak 1 PQ 35 Ost 10121 61 10 km 6 2 mi south of Pereiaslav Khmelnytskyi15 6 May 1943 05 38 La 5 PQ 34 Ost 75293 8 km 5 0 mi northwest of Neberdschajewskaja 63 northeast of Novorossiysk 57 19 October 1943 11 07 Il 2 m H Note 3 PQ 34 Ost 39424 61 25 km 16 mi east northeast of Mironovka16 6 May 1943 11 30 La 5 PQ 34 Ost 85153 63 vicinity of Abinsk 58 20 October 1943 10 10 Pe 2 PQ 34 Ost 39181 north of Petrowka 61 15 km 9 3 mi northeast of Alexandrija17 6 May 1943 12 05 Yak 1 PQ 34 Ost 76894 63 vicinity of Kijewakoje 59 20 October 1943 12 55 Il 2 m H Note 3 PQ 34 Ost 39332 north of Krasnaja Fedorowka 64 10 km 6 2 mi northeast of Mironovka18 9 May 1943 16 10 LaGG 3 PQ 34 Ost 86754 65 east of Trojzkaja 60 20 October 1943 12 57 Il 2 m H Note 3 PQ 34 Ost 39412 64 20 km 12 mi northeast of Mironovka19 15 May 1943 18 40 Yak 1 southwest of Kabardinka 65 61 20 October 1943 12 58 Il 2 m H Note 3 PQ 34 Ost 39284 64 30 km 19 mi east northeast of Mironovka20 19 May 1943 07 20 Note 4 LaGG 3 PQ 34 Ost 85313 65 southeast of Schapssugskaja 62 21 October 1943 06 50 P 39 PQ 34 Ost 39631 64 20 km 12 mi east of Pjatichatki21 21 May 1943 04 23 R 5 PQ 34 Ost 96771 65 10 km 6 2 mi east of Krasnodar 63 21 October 1943 14 45 P 39 PQ 34 Ost 39674 64 vicinity of Piatykhatky22 21 May 1943 15 42 U 2 PQ 34 Ost 96784 65 20 km 12 mi east of Krasnodar 64 25 October 1943 12 28 Yak 1 PQ 34 Ost 57151 64 5 km 3 1 mi northwest of Melitopol23 21 May 1943 15 46 U 2 PQ 34 Ost 96774 65 10 km 6 2 mi east of Krasnodar 65 28 October 1943 14 38 Il 2 m H Note 3 PQ 34 Ost 47154 64 30 km 19 mi northwest of Ivanovka24 28 May 1943 10 38 Yak 1 PQ 34 Ost 76893 southeast of Kijewskoje 65 south of Bakanskij 66 2 November 1943 14 40 Il 2 m H Note 3 PQ 34 Ost 66734 5 km 3 1 mi southeast of Eltigen 64 25 29 May 1943 04 37 LaGG 3 north of Krymskaja 66 north of Krymsk 67 3 November 1943 11 20 R 5 PQ 34 Ost 66644 64 east of Bakssy26 29 May 1943 18 30 Yak 1 PQ 34 Ost 76894 66 vicinity of Kijewakoje 68 4 November 1943 12 37 Il 2 m H Note 3 PQ 34 Ost 66644 64 east of Bakssy27 30 May 1943 15 36 B 25 PQ 34 Ost 76861 66 north of Kessjetowa 69 5 November 1943 10 24 Il 2 m H Note 3 PQ 34 Ost 66842 67 southwest of Tamanj28 31 May 1943 05 25 LaGG 3 PQ 34 Ost 86772 66 south of Trojzkaja 70 5 November 1943 10 37 Yak 1 PQ 34 Ost 66732 east of Eltigen 67 vicinity of Tobetschik29 1 June 1943 08 48 Yak 1 PQ 34 Ost 76861 66 Sea of Azov 71 6 November 1943 09 03 Yak 1 PQ 34 Ost 66671 east of Kerch 67 east of Kerch30 6 June 1943 05 03 La 5 PQ 34 Ost 75231 northwest of Krymskaja 66 northwest of Krymsk 72 6 November 1943 06 06 Yak 1 PQ 34 Ost 66644 67 east of Bakssy31 7 June 1943 15 21 Note 5 P 39 PQ 34 Ost 76822 66 west of Kalabatka 73 12 November 1943 10 27 Note 6 Il 2 m H Note 3 PQ 34 Ost 66641 northwest of Bakssy 67 east of Bulganak32 7 June 1943 15 25 Note 7 P 39 PQ 34 Ost 76812 66 vicinity of Kalabatka 74 14 November 1943 14 03 Il 2 m H Note 3 PQ 34 Ost 66643 Kolonka 67 east of Bakssy33 10 June 1943 14 42 Yak 1 PQ 34 Ost 75473 69 Black Sea 25 km 16 mi southwest of Novorossiysk 75 21 November 1943 13 00 Yak 1 PQ 34 Ost 66562 south of Bulganag 67 vicinity of Babtschik34 15 June 1943 17 07 Yak 1 PQ 34 Ost 85373 south of Gelendzhik 69 vicinity of Gelendzhik 76 27 November 1943 08 39 Yak 1 PQ 34 Ost 66732 east of Eltigen 70 vicinity of Tobetschik35 25 June 1943 04 37 Note 8 Yak 1 PQ 34 Ost 85371 69 vicinity of Gelendzhik 77 27 November 1943 08 56 Yak 1 PQ 34 Ost 66641 northwest of Bakssz 70 east of Bulganak36 21 July 1943 04 32 Yak 1 PQ 34 Ost 88261 69 vicinity of Jalisawehino 78 28 November 1943 08 42 Il 2 m H Note 3 PQ 34 Ost 66594 70 vicinity of Kamysch Burun37 23 July 1943 17 40 Note 9 LaGG 3 PQ 34 Ost 88424 71 20 km 12 mi south of Jalisawehino 79 28 November 1943 08 50 Il 2 m H Note 3 PQ 34 Ost 66732 east of Eltigen 70 vicinity of Tobetschik38 25 July 1943 07 44 Yak 1 PQ 34 Ost 98173 71 40 km 25 mi southwest of Rovenki 80 28 November 1943 11 40 Il 2 m H Note 3 PQ 34 Ost 66813 west of Taman 70 over sea vicinity of Cape Tusla39 31 July 1943 06 14 Il 2 PQ 34 Ost 88232 71 30 km 19 mi west southwest of Rovenki 81 1 December 1943 07 22 Il 2 PQ 34 Ost 66732 east of Eltigen 70 vicinity of Tobetschik40 2 August 1943 18 10 Il 2 m H Note 3 PQ 34 Ost 88621 northeast of Marinowka 71 vicinity of Jalisawehino 82 1 December 1943 13 45 Pe 2 north of Eltigen 70 41 7 August 1943 07 38 Il 2 m H Note 3 PQ 34 Ost 75233 Kijewskoje 72 west of Krymsk 83 2 December 1943 14 20 LaGG 3 east of Eltigen 70 42 7 August 1943 07 45 Spitfire PQ 34 Ost 76892 northeast of Kijewskoje 72 vicinity of Kijewskoje 84 2 December 1943 14 26 Il 2 m H Note 3 southeast of Eltigen 70 43 7 August 1943 17 25 Il 2 m H Note 3 PQ 34 Ost 75261 Krymskaja 72 north of Nowo Bakanskaja 85 4 December 1943 07 08 Il 2 m H Note 3 east of Eltigen 70 44 9 August 1943 08 17 Spitfire PQ 34 Ost 75234 5 km 3 1 mi west of Moldawanskoje 72 vicinity of Krymsk 86 4 December 1943 07 17 LaGG 3 south southwest of Eltigen 70 45 9 August 1943 08 22 Yak 1 PQ 34 Ost 75292 4 km 2 5 mi south of Nebershajewskaja 72 northeast of Noworossijsi 87 4 December 1943 11 02 Il 2 m H Note 3 southeast of Eltigen 70 46 9 August 1943 08 25 Il 2 m H Note 3 PQ 34 Ost 75261 8 km 5 0 mi northeast of Moldawanskoje 72 north of Nowo Bakanskaja 88 4 December 1943 11 12 Il 2 m H Note 3 southwest of Eltigen 73 47 26 August 1943 15 42 LaGG 3 PQ 34 Ost 76863 northwest of Kijewskoje 74 north of Kessjetowa 89 5 December 1943 13 20 P 39 southwest of Eltigen 73 48 26 August 1943 15 47 LaGG 3 PQ 34 Ost 85114 north of Abinskaja 74 vicinity of Mertschanskaja 90 8 December 1943 13 53 Il 2 m H Note 3 south of Kolonka 73 49 31 August 1943 12 14 P 39 PQ 34 Ost 88671 74 25 km 16 mi west northwest of Taganrog 91 8 December 1943 13 59 Il 2 PQ 34 Ost 66671 east of Kerch 73 50 6 September 1943 10 02 Il 2 m H Note 3 PQ 35 Ost 60174 60 vicinity west of Merefa 92 11 December 1943 09 11 Yak 1 east of Eltigen 73 north of Taman51 7 September 1943 09 19 Il 2 m H Note 3 PQ 35 Ost 60522 60 20 km 12 mi west of Andreyevka 5 Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 52 75 Eastern Front 1 January 31 August 194493 4 January 1944 06 43 Il 2 Cape Khroni 30 116 23 March 1944 07 03 unknown Cape Khroni 76 94 9 January 1944 12 01 P 39 Adzhimushkay 30 117 30 May 1944 10 35 P 39 vicinity of Iași 39 vicinity of Sulani95 9 January 1944 14 40 LaGG 3 PQ 66614 30 vicinity of Majak Bakny 118 30 May 1944 11 05 P 39 PQ 78642 39 10 km 6 2 mi south of Tudora96 10 January 1944 09 45 Il 2 vicinity of Bulganak 30 119 30 May 1944 13 50 P 39 vicinity of Iași 39 10 km 6 2 mi south of Iași97 10 January 1944 11 50 Yak 1 vicinity of Grammatikowo 30 120 30 May 1944 14 08 P 39 vicinity of Huși 39 8 km 5 0 mi north of Iași98 11 January 1944 13 32 LaGG 3 Adzhimushkay 30 121 30 May 1944 14 12 P 39 vicinity of Iași 39 10 km 6 2 mi south of Iași99 12 January 1944 06 50 Boston PQ 66611 30 vicinity of Cape Khroni 122 30 May 1944 14 41 P 39 PQ 78671 39 15 km 9 3 mi north of Iași100 12 January 1944 13 46 P 39 Cape Tarchan 30 123 Note 10 30 May 1944 17 51 Yak 1 vicinity of Huși 39 101 12 January 1944 14 06 Il 2 PQ 66614 30 vicinity of Majak Bakny 124 30 May 1944 17 52 P 39 PQ 78644 39 10 km 6 2 mi north of Tudora102 13 January 1944 07 26 Yak 1 Adzhimushkay 30 125 31 May 1944 04 12 Yak 1 PQ 78674 39 8 km 5 0 mi north of Iași103 17 January 1944 10 40 P 39 Cape Tarchan 30 126 31 May 1944 12 45 P 39 PQ 78673 39 15 km 9 3 mi north of Iași104 19 January 1944 12 10 Il 2 PQ 66642 30 Majak 127 2 June 1944 09 03 Boston PQ 78634 78 15 km 9 3 mi northwest of Iași105 23 January 1944 06 47 Il 2 PQ 66652 30 Malikut 128 2 June 1944 13 50 Il 2 PQ 78732 78 15 km 9 3 mi northwest of Iași106 25 January 1944 12 37 Boston PQ 66673 79 Kossa Tulsa 129 27 June 1944 04 48 Note 11 Yak 7 PQ 7924 78 107 28 January 1944 12 07 Yak 1 north of Kerch 79 130 4 August 1944 11 20 Il 2 PQ 11595 78 15 km 9 3 mi northeast of Mielec108 28 January 1944 15 01 Il 2 vicinity of Kerch 79 131 5 August 1944 11 05 P 39 PQ 11644 78 vicinity of Mielec109 5 February 1944 06 26 P 39 vicinity of Kerch 79 132 21 August 1944 18 40 La 5 20 km 12 mi northeast of Leipzig110 7 February 1944 06 56 P 39 vicinity of Bulganak 79 133 22 August 1944 07 16 La 5 Note 12 PQ 97524 76 30 km 19 mi east northeast of Leipzig111 7 February 1944 13 28 Note 13 Yak 1 PQ 66673 79 vicinity of Kossa Tulsa 134 22 August 1944 13 25 Yak 7 PQ 87662 76 25 km 16 mi east northeast of Szekszard112 10 February 1944 08 00 Yak 9 PQ 66514 79 west of Dsheilaw 135 23 August 1944 17 26 Yak 7 PQ 87828 76 20 km 12 mi near Leipzig113 14 March 1944 12 55 Pe 2 PQ 47793 76 30 km 19 mi southwest of Genitschek 31 August 1944 P 51 vicinity of Luieriu Lover 43 114 22 March 1944 10 55 Yak 7 Cape Tarchan 76 31 August 1944 P 51 vicinity of Luieriu Lover 43 115 22 March 1944 11 00 Yak 7 Adzhimushkay 76 31 August 1944 P 51 vicinity of Luieriu Lover 43 Awards Edit Honour Goblet of the Luftwaffe on 9 August 1943 as Feldwebel and pilot 80 German Cross in Gold on 16 August 1943 as Feldwebel in the 5 Jagdgeschwader 52 81 Note 14 Knight s Cross of the Iron Cross on 26 March 1944 as Leutnant and pilot in the II Jagdgeschwader 52 82 83 Notes Edit Flight training in the Luftwaffe progressed through the levels A1 A2 and B1 B2 referred to as A B flight training A training included theoretical and practical training in aerobatics navigation long distance flights and dead stick landings The B courses included high altitude flights instrument flights night landings and training to handle the aircraft in difficult situations 1 According to Page Fonnekold claimed his 100th aerial victory on 18 January 1944 31 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y The m H refers to an Ilyushin Il 2 with rear gunner mit Heckschutze According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 07 26 51 According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 15 23 51 According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 10 17 68 According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 15 27 51 According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 04 17 51 According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 18 40 51 This claim is not listed by Mathews and Foreman 77 According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 04 08 77 According to Mathews and Foreman claimed as a Yakovlev Yak 9 77 According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 13 25 77 According to Obermaier on 6 September 1943 2 References EditCitations Edit Bergstrom Antipov amp Sundin 2003 p 17 a b Obermaier 1989 p 111 Prien et al 2006 pp 475 502 Prien et al 2006 p 475 Prien et al 2006 p 452 Prien et al 2006 p 458 Barbas 2005 p 108 Prien et al 2006 pp 462 490 Barbas 2005 pp 108 110 Barbas 2005 p 335 Barbas 2005 pp 336 337 Barbas 2005 pp 110 111 a b Barbas 2005 pp 112 338 Barbas 2005 pp 114 340 Barbas 2005 p 124 Barbas 2005 p 341 Prien et al 2012 p 375 a b Barbas 2005 p 286 Barbas 2005 p 346 Barbas 2005 pp 128 346 347 Barbas 2005 p 129 Barbas 2005 pp 130 131 Barbas 2005 p 288 Barbas 2005 p 132 Barbas 2005 pp 133 351 352 Barbas 2005 p 134 Barbas 2005 p 135 Barbas 2005 pp 135 152 Barbas 2005 p 153 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Barbas 2005 p 358 Page 2020 p 89 Obermaier 1989 p 243 Schreier 1990 p 178 Mathews amp Foreman 2014 p 319 Bergstrom 2008 p 46 Barbas 2005 p 158 Weal 2001 p 75 Barbas 2005 p 163 a b c d e f g h i j k Barbas 2005 p 366 Bergstrom 2008 p 55 Barbas 2005 p 321 a b Barbas 2005 p 170 a b c d Barbas 2005 p 368 Barbas 2005 p 322 Weal 2001 p 80 Weal 2004 p 112 Zabecki 2019 p 329 Spick 1996 p 230 Mathews amp Foreman 2014 pp 319 322 Planquadrat a b c d e f Mathews amp Foreman 2014 p 320 Prien et al 2006 p 490 Prien et al 2006 p 497 Prien et al 2006 p 491 a b c Prien et al 2006 p 498 Prien et al 2006 p 492 a b Prien et al 2006 p 494 Mathews amp Foreman 2014 pp 320 321 a b c d Prien et al 2012 p 378 a b c d Prien et al 2012 p 389 a b c d e Prien et al 2012 p 390 Prien et al 2012 p 379 a b c Prien et al 2012 p 382 a b c d e f g h i j Prien et al 2012 p 391 a b c d e f g Prien et al 2012 p 383 a b c d e f g h Prien et al 2012 p 384 a b c d e f g Prien et al 2012 p 392 Mathews amp Foreman 2014 p 321 a b c d Prien et al 2012 p 385 a b c d e f g h i j k l Prien et al 2012 p 393 a b c d Prien et al 2012 p 386 a b c d e f Prien et al 2012 p 387 a b c d e Prien et al 2012 p 394 a b c Prien et al 2012 p 388 Mathews amp Foreman 2014 pp 321 322 a b c d e f g Barbas 2005 p 361 a b c d Mathews amp Foreman 2014 p 322 a b c d e Barbas 2005 p 367 a b c d e f g Barbas 2005 p 359 Patzwall 2008 p 78 Patzwall amp Scherzer 2001 p 118 Fellgiebel 2000 pp 183 490 Scherzer 2007 p 313 Bibliography Edit Barbas Bernd 2005 Die Geschichte der II Gruppe des Jagdgeschwaders 52 The History of 2nd Group of Fighter Wing 52 in German ISBN 978 3 923457 71 7 Bergstrom Christer Antipov Vlad Sundin Claes 2003 Graf amp Grislawski A Pair of Aces Hamilton MT Eagle Editions ISBN 978 0 9721060 4 7 Bergstrom Christer 2008 Bagration to Berlin The Final Air Battles in the East 1944 1945 Ian Allan ISBN 978 1 903223 91 8 Bergstrom Christer Bergstrom Black Cross Red Star website Identifying a Luftwaffe Planquadrat Archived from the original on 22 December 2018 Retrieved 2 May 2020 Fellgiebel Walther Peer in German 2000 1986 Die Trager des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 1945 Die Inhaber der hochsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile The Bearers of the Knight s Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 1945 The Owners of the Highest Award of the Second World War of all Wehrmacht Branches in German Friedberg Germany Podzun Pallas ISBN 978 3 7909 0284 6 Mathews Andrew Johannes Foreman John 2014 Luftwaffe Aces Biographies and Victory Claims Volume 1 A F Walton on Thames Red Kite ISBN 978 1 906592 18 9 Obermaier Ernst 1989 Die Ritterkreuztrager der Luftwaffe Jagdflieger 1939 1945 The Knight s Cross Bearers of the Luftwaffe Fighter Force 1939 1945 in German Mainz Germany Verlag Dieter Hoffmann ISBN 978 3 87341 065 7 Page Neil 2020 Day Fighter Aces of the Luftwaffe 1943 45 Philadelphia PA Casemate Publishers ISBN 978 1 61200 879 0 Patzwall Klaus D Scherzer Veit 2001 Das Deutsche Kreuz 1941 1945 Geschichte und Inhaber Band II The German Cross 1941 1945 History and Recipients Volume 2 in German Norderstedt Germany Verlag Klaus D Patzwall ISBN 978 3 931533 45 8 Patzwall Klaus D 2008 Der Ehrenpokal fur besondere Leistung im Luftkrieg The Honor Goblet for Outstanding Achievement in the Air War in German Norderstedt Germany Verlag Klaus D Patzwall ISBN 978 3 931533 08 3 Prien Jochen Stemmer Gerhard Rodeike Peter Bock Winfried 2006 Die Jagdfliegerverbande der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945 Teil 9 II Vom Sommerfeldzug 1942 bis zur Niederlage von Stalingrad 1 5 1942 bis 3 2 1943 The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945 Part 9 II From the 1942 Summer Campaign to the Defeat at Stalingrad 1 May 1942 to 3 February 1943 in German Eutin Germany Struve Druck ISBN 978 3 923457 77 9 Prien Jochen Stemmer Gerhard Rodeike Peter Bock Winfried 2012 Die Jagdfliegerverbande der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945 Teil 12 II Einsatz im Osten 4 2 bis 31 12 1943 The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945 Part 12 II Action in the East 4 February to 31 December 1943 in German Eutin Germany Buchverlag Rogge ISBN 978 3 942943 05 5 Scherzer Veit 2007 Die Ritterkreuztrager 1939 1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer Luftwaffe Kriegsmarine Waffen SS Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbundeter Streitkrafte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives The Knight s Cross Bearers 1939 1945 The Holders of the Knight s Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army Air Force Navy Waffen SS Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the Documents of the Federal Archives in German Jena Germany Scherzers Militaer Verlag ISBN 978 3 938845 17 2 Schreier Hans 1990 JG 52 Das erfolgreichste Jagdgeschwader des 2 Weltkriegs JG 52 The Most Successful Fighter Wing of World War II in German Berg am See K Vowinckel ISBN 978 3 921655 66 5 Spick Mike 1996 Luftwaffe Fighter Aces The Jadgflieger and their Combat Tactics and Techniques New York Ivy Books ISBN 978 0 8041 1696 1 Weal John 2001 Bf 109 Aces of the Russian Front Aircraft of the Aces Vol 37 Oxford UK Osprey Publishing ISBN 978 1 84176 084 1 Weal John 2004 Jagdgeschwader 52 The Experten Aviation Elite Units Vol 15 Oxford UK Osprey Publishing ISBN 978 1 84176 786 4 Zabecki David T ed 2019 The German War Machine in World War II Santa Barbara California ABC Clio ISBN 978 1 44 086918 1 Portals Aviation Biography Military of Germany World War II Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Otto Fonnekold amp oldid 1152942162, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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