Furrows (yellow arrows) in the hand bones of Ostromia (a,b) and Anchiornis (c,d)
The holotype was discovered near Riedenburg, Germany in 1855 and it was originally misidentified as a species of a pterodactyloid pterosaur and named Pterodactylus crassipes in 1857. In 1970 it was identified as an Archaeopteryx by paleontologist John Ostrom, who called it the "Haarlem specimen", since it was kept in the Teylers Museum in Haarlem.[1] In 2017 Christian Foth and Oliver Rauhut concluded it was more closely related to the ChineseAnchiornis and introduced the generic name Ostromia, named after Ostrom.[2]
The only known specimen is fairly incomplete compared to most specimens of Archaeopteryx, as it only preserves limb bones, cervical vertebrae and ribs. Most bones are also incomplete, as a result of the poor preservation. A high-quality cast of the holotype (Teylers specimens TM 6928 and 6929) is in the collections of the Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie under the specimen number SNSB-BSPG 1971 I 211.[2]
Descriptionedit
Differences from Archaeopteryxedit
Diagram showing known remains
The Haarlem specimen has many features which contrast with those of Archaeopteryx. The length ratio between the third and the first metacarpal of the hand is larger in Ostromia than in any Archaeopteryx specimen. In addition, the ungual (claw) of the first digit of the hand is smaller than the corresponding first metacarpal, while in Archaeopteryx the claw is larger. The Haarlem specimen's metatarsals are also estimated to be proportionally longer than those of Archaeopteryx specimens.[2]
Restoration
In addition, the Haarlem specimen shares several features with Anchiornis. Most notably, they both have longitudinal furrows on the top and bottom sides of their manual phalanges (finger bones). While such structures can be a result of collapsed or broken bones (as is the case in several Archaeopteryx specimens), the straight, smooth edges of the furrows in Ostromia and Anchiornis indicate that they are legitimate biological features. The pubic shaft of the Haarlem specimen is also strongly flexed backwards and has a triangular pubic boot, similar to the pubis of Anchiornis but unlike that of Archaeopteryx.[2]
ostromia, thick, feet, john, ostrom, genus, anchiornithid, theropod, dinosaur, from, late, jurassic, painten, formation, germany, genus, contains, single, species, crassipes, named, christian, foth, oliver, rauhut, 2017, temporal, range, early, tithonian, preꞒ. Ostromia Thick feet of John Ostrom is a genus of anchiornithid theropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic Painten Formation of Germany The genus contains a single species O crassipes named by Christian Foth and Oliver Rauhut in 2017 OstromiaTemporal range Early Tithonian 150 8 145 5 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg NSlabs of the type and only specimenScientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClade DinosauriaClade SaurischiaClade TheropodaFamily AnchiornithidaeGenus OstromiaFoth amp Rauhut 2017Type species Pterodactylus crassipesMeyer 1857Species O crassipes Meyer 1857 SynonymsPterodactylus crassipes Meyer 1857 Rhamphorhynchus crassipes Meyer 1857 Scaphognathus crassipes Meyer 1857 Wagner 1861 Archaeopteryx crassipes Meyer 1857 Ostrom 1970 Contents 1 Discovery and naming 2 Description 2 1 Differences from Archaeopteryx 3 See also 4 ReferencesDiscovery and naming edit nbsp Furrows yellow arrows in the hand bones of Ostromia a b and Anchiornis c d The holotype was discovered near Riedenburg Germany in 1855 and it was originally misidentified as a species of a pterodactyloid pterosaur and named Pterodactylus crassipes in 1857 In 1970 it was identified as an Archaeopteryx by paleontologist John Ostrom who called it the Haarlem specimen since it was kept in the Teylers Museum in Haarlem 1 In 2017 Christian Foth and Oliver Rauhut concluded it was more closely related to the Chinese Anchiornis and introduced the generic name Ostromia named after Ostrom 2 The only known specimen is fairly incomplete compared to most specimens of Archaeopteryx as it only preserves limb bones cervical vertebrae and ribs Most bones are also incomplete as a result of the poor preservation A high quality cast of the holotype Teylers specimens TM 6928 and 6929 is in the collections of the Bayerische Staatssammlung fur Palaontologie und Geologie under the specimen number SNSB BSPG 1971 I 211 2 Description editDifferences from Archaeopteryx edit nbsp Diagram showing known remainsThe Haarlem specimen has many features which contrast with those of Archaeopteryx The length ratio between the third and the first metacarpal of the hand is larger in Ostromia than in any Archaeopteryx specimen In addition the ungual claw of the first digit of the hand is smaller than the corresponding first metacarpal while in Archaeopteryx the claw is larger The Haarlem specimen s metatarsals are also estimated to be proportionally longer than those of Archaeopteryx specimens 2 nbsp RestorationIn addition the Haarlem specimen shares several features with Anchiornis Most notably they both have longitudinal furrows on the top and bottom sides of their manual phalanges finger bones While such structures can be a result of collapsed or broken bones as is the case in several Archaeopteryx specimens the straight smooth edges of the furrows in Ostromia and Anchiornis indicate that they are legitimate biological features The pubic shaft of the Haarlem specimen is also strongly flexed backwards and has a triangular pubic boot similar to the pubis of Anchiornis but unlike that of Archaeopteryx 2 See also edit2017 in archosaur paleontologyReferences edit Ostrom JH Archaeopteryx notice of a new specimen Science 1970 170 537 8 a b c d Foth C Rauhut O W M 2017 Re evaluation of the Haarlem Archaeopteryx and the radiation of maniraptoran theropod dinosaurs BMC Evolutionary Biology 17 1 236 doi 10 1186 s12862 017 1076 y PMC 5712154 PMID 29197327 Portals nbsp Dinosaurs nbsp Germany Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ostromia amp oldid 1196887859, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
