Ophiurida have bursae for respiration and excretion, and dorsal and ventral arm shields are present and usually well developed. Arms are unbranched and incapable of coiling vertically. Most are five-armed, some with 4 or 6 arms as an abnormality, but others properly bear six or seven arms. The madreporite is on the oral surface. The digestive glands are entirely within the central disc.[2] They move their arms side to side by means of ball-and-socket joints. Tropical species tend to contrast color from the environment, but most others prefer to blend in. These biochromes do not include echinochromes.
Systematics and phylogenyedit
There is currently no consensus as to the subdivision of the Ophiurida. The order has been divided into the following suborders and infraorders [3]
^Smith, A. B.; Paterson, G. L. J.; Lafay, B. (1995). "Ophiuroid phylogeny and higher taxonomy: morphological, molecular and palaeontological perspectives". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 114 (2): 213–243. doi:10.1006/zjls.1995.0024.
^Thuy, Ben; Kutscher, Manfred; Płachno, Bartosz (2014). "A new brittle star from the Early Carboniferous of Poland and its implications on Paleozoic modern-type ophiuroid systematics". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. doi:10.4202/app.00093.2014.
January 01, 1970
ophiurida, order, echinoderms, within, class, ophiuroidea, includes, vast, majority, living, brittle, stars, temporal, range, devonian, present, preꞒ, ophiura, ophiura, scientific, classification, domain, eukaryota, kingdom, animalia, phylum, echinodermata, cl. The Ophiurida are an order of echinoderms within the class Ophiuroidea It includes the vast majority of living brittle stars OphiuridaTemporal range Devonian Present PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N 1 Ophiura ophiura Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Echinodermata Class Ophiuroidea Order OphiuridaMuller and Troschel 1840 Suborders See text Contents 1 Characteristics 2 Systematics and phylogeny 3 Ecology 4 ReferencesCharacteristics editOphiurida have bursae for respiration and excretion and dorsal and ventral arm shields are present and usually well developed Arms are unbranched and incapable of coiling vertically Most are five armed some with 4 or 6 arms as an abnormality but others properly bear six or seven arms The madreporite is on the oral surface The digestive glands are entirely within the central disc 2 They move their arms side to side by means of ball and socket joints Tropical species tend to contrast color from the environment but most others prefer to blend in These biochromes do not include echinochromes Systematics and phylogeny editThere is currently no consensus as to the subdivision of the Ophiurida The order has been divided into the following suborders and infraorders 3 Ophiomyxina Ophiurina Hemieuryalina Chilophiurina Gnathophiurina Ophiodermatina Ophiolepidina Another classification scheme divides it into the following suborders 4 Chilophiurina Matsumoto 1915 Laemophiurina Matsumoto 1915 Ophiothricidae Ljungman 1867 Ophiotrichidae Ophiurina Muller amp Troschel 1840 Another classification scheme divides it as 5 Chilophiurina Laemophiurina GnathophiurinaEcology editOphiurida have a world wide distribution range and are found in oceans in different depths Most of them are herbivores or detritus feeders References edit E Clarkson E N K Clarkson Invertebrate Palaeontology and Evolution Wiley Blackwell 4 ed 1998 R C Brusca G J Brusca Invertebrates Sinauer Associates 2 ed 2003 Smith A B Paterson G L J Lafay B 1995 Ophiuroid phylogeny and higher taxonomy morphological molecular and palaeontological perspectives Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 114 2 213 243 doi 10 1006 zjls 1995 0024 European Register of Marine Species Mikko s Phylogeny Archive 1 nbsp This Ophiuroidea related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Thuy Ben Kutscher Manfred Plachno Bartosz 2014 A new brittle star from the Early Carboniferous of Poland and its implications on Paleozoic modern type ophiuroid systematics Acta Palaeontologica Polonica doi 10 4202 app 00093 2014 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ophiurida amp oldid 1216668192, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
