According to the February 21, 1948 decree № 417—160сс of the USSR Council of Ministers, deportations were to target the "forest brothers" (Lithuanian: žaliukai), members of their families, and "various helpers of anti-Soviet partisans, including kulaks." The official tally of the deported was 49,331 (other sources give the number 39,766[1] and 47,534[2]). In addition to ethnic Lithuanians, Poles and Belarusians were deported as well. The exact numbers by ethnicity are unknown. Their official status was "special settlers" (severely restricted in movement, but otherwise officially not deprived of other citizen's rights).[3][2][4] It was the largest Soviet deportation from Lithuania.[5]
Life in exileedit
The majority of deportations were to Krasnoyarsk Krai (23,467), Irkutsk Oblast (11,495) and Buryat-Mongolian ASSR (4,038). About 25,000 worked in forest industry, and the rest in coal mines and kolkhozes.[2] About 11,000 children were deported with their parents.[5]
About 6,000 to 10,000 of the deportees were brought to Igarka. Later more Lithuanians were moved from other places of Krasnoyarsk Krai to Igarka. In the first years, about 1,000 to 3,000 Lithuanians died in Igarka, mostly children and the elderly. There are three Lithuanian cemeteries in Igarka, one of them has 1,000 burials. Many "settlers" were arrested an put to Gulag labor camps for various violations: trying to escape, singing Lithuanian "nationalist" songs, etc. During 1956–1961 most Lithuanians returned from Igarka to Lithuania. As of 1989[update] about 270 Lithuanians stayed in Igarka. The Lithuanian Union of Igarka was established in 1992.[6]
The Lithuanian "special settlers" were kept in Buryat-Mongolia until 1958, after that the vast majority returned to Lithuania, but some stayed. They registered the society no: Национально-культурное общество литовцев Бурятии.[3]
Referencesedit
^Иосиф Сталин — Лаврентию Берии: «Их надо депортировать...»: Документы, факты, комментарии (Joseph Stalin to Laventy Beria: "They Have to be Deproted..." - Documents, Facts, Commentary), Moscow, Дружба народов, 1992 ISBN5-285-00049-1, p. 205
Raminta Biziuleviciute, GENDERED ASPECTS OF THE SOVIET DEPORTATIONS FROM LITHUANIA WITH THE CASE STUDY OF THE OPERATION ‘VESNA’, MAY 22-23, 1948, (for the degree of European Master in Women’s and Gender History), Budapest, Hungary, 2012
January 01, 1970
operation, vesna, transl, operation, spring, russian, Опера, ция, Весна, mass, deportation, armed, opposition, soviet, power, occupied, lithuania, carried, forces, ministry, state, security, 1948, according, february, 1948, decree, 160сс, ussr, council, minist. Operation Vesna transl Operation Spring Russian Opera ciya Vesna was a mass deportation of the armed opposition to the Soviet power in the occupied Lithuania carried out by the forces of the Ministry of State Security MGB on May 22 24 1948 According to the February 21 1948 decree 417 160ss of the USSR Council of Ministers deportations were to target the forest brothers Lithuanian zaliukai members of their families and various helpers of anti Soviet partisans including kulaks The official tally of the deported was 49 331 other sources give the number 39 766 1 and 47 534 2 In addition to ethnic Lithuanians Poles and Belarusians were deported as well The exact numbers by ethnicity are unknown Their official status was special settlers severely restricted in movement but otherwise officially not deprived of other citizen s rights 3 2 4 It was the largest Soviet deportation from Lithuania 5 Life in exile editThe majority of deportations were to Krasnoyarsk Krai 23 467 Irkutsk Oblast 11 495 and Buryat Mongolian ASSR 4 038 About 25 000 worked in forest industry and the rest in coal mines and kolkhozes 2 About 11 000 children were deported with their parents 5 About 6 000 to 10 000 of the deportees were brought to Igarka Later more Lithuanians were moved from other places of Krasnoyarsk Krai to Igarka In the first years about 1 000 to 3 000 Lithuanians died in Igarka mostly children and the elderly There are three Lithuanian cemeteries in Igarka one of them has 1 000 burials Many settlers were arrested an put to Gulag labor camps for various violations trying to escape singing Lithuanian nationalist songs etc During 1956 1961 most Lithuanians returned from Igarka to Lithuania As of 1989 update about 270 Lithuanians stayed in Igarka The Lithuanian Union of Igarka was established in 1992 6 The Lithuanian special settlers were kept in Buryat Mongolia until 1958 after that the vast majority returned to Lithuania but some stayed They registered the society no Nacionalno kulturnoe obshestvo litovcev Buryatii 3 References edit Iosif Stalin Lavrentiyu Berii Ih nado deportirovat Dokumenty fakty kommentarii Joseph Stalin to Laventy Beria They Have to be Deproted Documents Facts Commentary Moscow Druzhba narodov 1992 ISBN 5 285 00049 1 p 205 a b c Grzegorz Motyka Operacja Wiosna wysiedlenie 50 tys Litwinow zajelo Sowietom 48 godzin Gazeta Wyborcza May 21 2918 a b Etot den v istorii 1948 god v Litve nachalas operaciya Vesna MGB SSSR Eurasia Daily May 23 2018 Soviet genocide Operation Vesna 40 002 lithuanian farmers deported in 48 hours Time Note a b Operation Spring biggest Soviet deportation of 40 000 Lithuanians LRT lt Lithuanian National Radio and Television May 23 2019 Igarka Visuotine lietuviu enciklopedijaFurther reading editRaminta Biziuleviciute GENDERED ASPECTS OF THE SOVIET DEPORTATIONS FROM LITHUANIA WITH THE CASE STUDY OF THE OPERATION VESNA MAY 22 23 1948 for the degree of European Master in Women s and Gender History Budapest Hungary 2012 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Operation Vesna amp oldid 1157926476, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
