Onésime Reclus (22 September 1837[1] – 30 June 1916) was a French geographer who specialized in the relations between France and its colonies.
Onésime Reclus (1837–1916)
In 1880 he coined the term "Francophonie" as a means of classification of peoples of the world, being determined by the language they all spoke.[2] While this term did not appear in dictionaries until 1930, it has become more important since the late 20th century as part of conceptual rethinking of cultures and geography.[3]
Onésime was born as the middle of five sons of Jacques Reclus (1796–1882), a Protestant minister, and his wife. His brothers also became notable in their fields. His family had moved to Orthez from Sainte-Foy-la-Grande, where at least one of his brothers was born. His next older and younger brothers both became geographers:
Reclus became a geographer. He was particularly interested in France and its colonies, which was the subject of his first book, published in 1873. By this time, France's colonies in Africa were more important than those in the Caribbean, and it had lost or given up those in North America by the early 19th century. But its history of deep involvement in colonial development in North America continued to influence its politics.
From 1869, Reclus was a member of the Société de Géographie. He was a contributor to the journal Tour du monde.[4]
In 1880 Reclus coined the term "Francophonie" as a means of classification of peoples of the world who spoke the French language.[5] He believed that people were connected by their language and culture, for instance, the continental French as well as French speakers in the Caribbean and Africa. While this term did not appear in dictionaries until 1930, it has become more important since the late 20th century as part of conceptual rethinking by historians, geographers, anthropologists and others of cultures and geography. For instance, there has been study of the state of Louisiana, and especially the city of New Orleans, as places of strong French-language culture.[6]
Reclus continued to be interested in issues related to France and its colonies, publishing a book on France and Algeria in 1886.
Selected writingsedit
Géographie de la France et de ses colonies, 1873
Géographie : La Terre à vol d’oiseau, 1877
France, Algérie et colonies, 1886
À la France : sites et monuments, 1900–1906
Lâchons l’Asie, prenons l’Afrique : Où renaître ? et comment durer ?, 1904
Atlas pittoresque de la France, recueil de vues géographiques et pittoresques de tous les départements, accompagnées de notices géographiques et de légendes explicatives, 1910–1912.[7]
Marriage and familyedit
He married and had a family. One of their sons was the noted historian Maurice Reclus [fr] (1883–1972).
^Lawrence D. Kritzman, Brian J. Reilly, M. B. DeBevoise, The Columbia History Of Twentieth-Century French Thought by
^Alexander B. Murphy, "Placing Louisiana in the Francophone World: Opportunities and Challenges" 10 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine, published in Atlantic Studies, Volume 5, Issue 3, 2008; Special Issue: New Orleans in the Atlantic World, II, accessed 7 April 2013
^Les parlementaires de la Seine sous la Troisième République, by Jean Marie Mayeur, Arlette Schweitz
^Lawrence D. Kritzman, Brian J. Reilly, M. B. DeBevoise, The Columbia History Of Twentieth-Century French Thought by
^Alexander B. Murphy, "Placing Louisiana in the Francophone World: Opportunities and Challenges" 10 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine, published in Atlantic Studies, Volume 5, Issue 3, 2008; Special Issue: New Orleans in the Atlantic World, II, accessed 7 April 2013
onésime, reclus, september, 1837, june, 1916, french, geographer, specialized, relations, between, france, colonies, 1837, 1916, 1880, coined, term, francophonie, means, classification, peoples, world, being, determined, language, they, spoke, while, this, ter. Onesime Reclus 22 September 1837 1 30 June 1916 was a French geographer who specialized in the relations between France and its colonies Onesime Reclus 1837 1916 In 1880 he coined the term Francophonie as a means of classification of peoples of the world being determined by the language they all spoke 2 While this term did not appear in dictionaries until 1930 it has become more important since the late 20th century as part of conceptual rethinking of cultures and geography 3 Contents 1 Early life and education 2 Career 3 Selected writings 4 Marriage and family 5 ReferencesEarly life and education editOnesime was born as the middle of five sons of Jacques Reclus 1796 1882 a Protestant minister and his wife His brothers also became notable in their fields His family had moved to Orthez from Sainte Foy la Grande where at least one of his brothers was born His next older and younger brothers both became geographers Elie Reclus 1827 1904 journalist and political activist Elisee Reclus 1830 1905 award winning geographer and anarchist Armand Reclus fr 1843 1927 geographer and explorer Paul Reclus 1847 1914 surgeonCareer editReclus became a geographer He was particularly interested in France and its colonies which was the subject of his first book published in 1873 By this time France s colonies in Africa were more important than those in the Caribbean and it had lost or given up those in North America by the early 19th century But its history of deep involvement in colonial development in North America continued to influence its politics From 1869 Reclus was a member of the Societe de Geographie He was a contributor to the journal Tour du monde 4 In 1880 Reclus coined the term Francophonie as a means of classification of peoples of the world who spoke the French language 5 He believed that people were connected by their language and culture for instance the continental French as well as French speakers in the Caribbean and Africa While this term did not appear in dictionaries until 1930 it has become more important since the late 20th century as part of conceptual rethinking by historians geographers anthropologists and others of cultures and geography For instance there has been study of the state of Louisiana and especially the city of New Orleans as places of strong French language culture 6 Reclus continued to be interested in issues related to France and its colonies publishing a book on France and Algeria in 1886 Selected writings editGeographie de la France et de ses colonies 1873 Geographie La Terre a vol d oiseau 1877 France Algerie et colonies 1886 A la France sites et monuments 1900 1906 Lachons l Asie prenons l Afrique Ou renaitre et comment durer 1904 Atlas pittoresque de la France recueil de vues geographiques et pittoresques de tous les departements accompagnees de notices geographiques et de legendes explicatives 1910 1912 7 Marriage and family editHe married and had a family One of their sons was the noted historian Maurice Reclus fr 1883 1972 References edit Christophe Brun Federico Ferretti Elisee Reclus une chronologie familiale 1796 2014 Lawrence D Kritzman Brian J Reilly M B DeBevoise The Columbia History Of Twentieth Century French Thought by Alexander B Murphy Placing Louisiana in the Francophone World Opportunities and Challenges Archived 10 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine published in Atlantic Studies Volume 5 Issue 3 2008 Special Issue New Orleans in the Atlantic World II accessed 7 April 2013 Les parlementaires de la Seine sous la Troisieme Republique by Jean Marie Mayeur Arlette Schweitz Lawrence D Kritzman Brian J Reilly M B DeBevoise The Columbia History Of Twentieth Century French Thought by Alexander B Murphy Placing Louisiana in the Francophone World Opportunities and Challenges Archived 10 May 2013 at the Wayback Machine published in Atlantic Studies Volume 5 Issue 3 2008 Special Issue New Orleans in the Atlantic World II accessed 7 April 2013 Societes savantes publications Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Onesime Reclus amp oldid 1155081156, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
