This article is about toads. For the Finnish company, see Bufo (company).
Bufo is a genus of true toads in the amphibian family Bufonidae. As traditionally defined, it was a wastebasket genus containing a large number of toads from much of the world, but following taxonomic reviews most of these have been moved to other genera, leaving only seventeen extant (living) species from Europe, northern Africa and Asia in this genus, including the well-known common toad (B. bufo).[1] Some of the genera that contain species formerly placed in Bufo are Anaxyrus (many North American species), Bufotes (European green toad and relatives), Duttaphrynus (many Asian species, including the Asian common toad introduced elsewhere), Epidalea (natterjack toad) and Rhinella (many Latin American species, including the cane toad introduced elsewhere).[2]
True toads have in common stocky figures and short legs, which make them relatively poor jumpers. Their dry skin is thick and "warty".
Behind their eyes, Bufo species have wart-like structures, the parotoid glands. These glands distinguish the true toads from all other tailless amphibians. They secrete a fatty, white poisonous substance which acts as a deterrent to predators. Contrary to folk belief, handling toads does not cause warts, however due to the poison they secrete, and bacteria on their skins, a person should wash their hands thoroughly after handling one.[3] The poison of most if not all toads contains bufotoxin.
Species
Formerly, the genus Bufo encompassed many species and was divided into several subgenera. Frost et al. (2006) removed most of the species of former Bufo to other genera and restricted the name Bufo to members of the Bufo bufo group of earlier authors.[2] Now, this genus has been reduced to seventeen extant species:[1]
^ ab"Bufo Garsault, 1764 | Amphibian Species of the World". research.amnh.org. Retrieved 2019-10-27.
^ abPauly et al., (2009). Herpetologica65:115-128.
^Penn State University - How safe is it to hold frogs and toads?
References
amphibiaweb.org - Bufo
Blair (ed.), 1972, Evol. Genus Bufo.
Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World
Frost, D. R.; Grant, T.; Faivovich, J. N.; Bain, R. H.; Haas, A.; Haddad, C. L. F. B.; De Sá, R. O.; Channing, A.; Wilkinson, M.; Donnellan, S. C.; Raxworthy, C. J.; Campbell, J. A.; Blotto, B. L.; Moler, P.; Drewes, R. C.; Nussbaum, R. A.; Lynch, J. D.; Green, D. M.; Wheeler, W. C. (2006). "The Amphibian Tree of Life". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 297: 1–291. doi:10.1206/0003-0090(2006)297[0001:TATOL]2.0.CO;2. hdl:2246/5781.
Pauly, G. B., D. M. Hillis, and D. C, Cannatella. (2004) The history of a Nearctic colonization: Molecular phylogenetics and biogeography of the Nearctic toads (Bufo). Evolution58: 2517–2535.
Pauly, Greg B., Hillis, David M. & Cannatella, David C. (2009): Taxonomic freedom and the role of official lists of species names. Herpetologica65: 115–128.
February 07, 2023
bufo, this, article, about, toads, finnish, company, company, genus, true, toads, amphibian, family, nidae, traditionally, defined, wastebasket, genus, containing, large, number, toads, from, much, world, following, taxonomic, reviews, most, these, have, been,. This article is about toads For the Finnish company see Bufo company Bufo is a genus of true toads in the amphibian family Bufonidae As traditionally defined it was a wastebasket genus containing a large number of toads from much of the world but following taxonomic reviews most of these have been moved to other genera leaving only seventeen extant living species from Europe northern Africa and Asia in this genus including the well known common toad B bufo 1 Some of the genera that contain species formerly placed in Bufo are Anaxyrus many North American species Bufotes European green toad and relatives Duttaphrynus many Asian species including the Asian common toad introduced elsewhere Epidalea natterjack toad and Rhinella many Latin American species including the cane toad introduced elsewhere 2 BufoCommon European toad B bufoScientific classificationKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass AmphibiaOrder AnuraFamily BufonidaeGenus BufoGarsault 1764SpeciesSee text Contents 1 Description 2 Species 3 Footnotes 4 ReferencesDescription EditTrue toads have in common stocky figures and short legs which make them relatively poor jumpers Their dry skin is thick and warty Behind their eyes Bufo species have wart like structures the parotoid glands These glands distinguish the true toads from all other tailless amphibians They secrete a fatty white poisonous substance which acts as a deterrent to predators Contrary to folk belief handling toads does not cause warts however due to the poison they secrete and bacteria on their skins a person should wash their hands thoroughly after handling one 3 The poison of most if not all toads contains bufotoxin Species EditFormerly the genus Bufo encompassed many species and was divided into several subgenera Frost et al 2006 removed most of the species of former Bufo to other genera and restricted the name Bufo to members of the Bufo bufo group of earlier authors 2 Now this genus has been reduced to seventeen extant species 1 Binomial name and author Common nameBufo ailaoanus Kou 1984 Ejia toad Ailao toadBufo aspinius Yang Liu and Rao 1996 Bufo bankorensis Barbour 1908 Central Formosa toad Bankor toadBufo bufo Linnaeus 1758 Common toad European toadBufo cryptotympanicus Liu amp Hu 1962 Earless toadBufo eichwaldi Litvinchuk Borkin Skorinov and Rosanov 2008 Eichwald s toadBufo gargarizans Cantor 1842 Chusan Island toad Asiatic toadBufo japonicus Temminck and Schlegel 1838 Japanese toad Bufo linquensis Yang 1977Bufo luchunnicus Yang and Rao 2008 Luchun stream toadBufo menglianus Yang 2008 Menglian stream toadBufo pageoti Bourret 1937 Tonkin toadBufo scorteccii Balletto and Cherchi 1970 Scortecci s toadBufo spinosus Daudin 1803 Spiny toadBufo stejnegeri Schmidt 1931 Stejneger s toad Korean toad Water toadBufo torrenticola Matsui 1976 Honshu toad Japanese stream toadBufo tuberculatus Zarevskij 1926 Qinghai Lake toad Round warted toadBufo tuberospinius Yang Liu and Rao 1996 Bufo verrucosissimus Pallas 1814 Caucasian toadFootnotes Edit a b Bufo Garsault 1764 Amphibian Species of the World research amnh org Retrieved 2019 10 27 a b Pauly et al 2009 Herpetologica 65 115 128 Penn State University How safe is it to hold frogs and toads References Editamphibiaweb org Bufo Blair ed 1972 Evol Genus Bufo Frank and Ramus 1995 Compl Guide Scient Common Names Amph Rept World Frost D R Grant T Faivovich J N Bain R H Haas A Haddad C L F B De Sa R O Channing A Wilkinson M Donnellan S C Raxworthy C J Campbell J A Blotto B L Moler P Drewes R C Nussbaum R A Lynch J D Green D M Wheeler W C 2006 The Amphibian Tree of Life Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 297 1 291 doi 10 1206 0003 0090 2006 297 0001 TATOL 2 0 CO 2 hdl 2246 5781 Pauly G B D M Hillis and D C Cannatella 2004 The history of a Nearctic colonization Molecular phylogenetics and biogeography of the Nearctic toads Bufo Evolution 58 2517 2535 Pauly Greg B Hillis David M amp Cannatella David C 2009 Taxonomic freedom and the role of official lists of species names Herpetologica 65 115 128 PDF full text Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Bufo amp oldid 1108174875 Subgenus Ollotis, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
