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Hypersexuality

October 15, 2023

"Nymphomaniac" and "Sex maniac" redirect here. For the films, see Nymphomaniac (film) and Sex Maniac (film).

Hypersexuality is a term used for a presumed mental disorder causing people to engage in or think about sex to a point of distress or impairment.[1] It is controversial whether it should be included as a clinical diagnosis[1] used by mental healthcare professionals. Nymphomania and satyriasis were terms previously used for the condition in women and men, respectively.

Hypersexuality
SpecialtyPsychiatry

Hypersexuality may be a primary condition, or the symptom of another medical disease or condition; for example, Klüver–Bucy syndrome or bipolar disorder. Hypersexuality may also present as a side effect of medication such as drugs used to treat Parkinson's disease. Clinicians have yet to reach a consensus over how best to describe hypersexuality as a primary condition,[2][3][4] or to determine the appropriateness of describing such behaviors and impulses as a separate pathology.

Hypersexual behaviors are viewed variously by clinicians and therapists as a type of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) or "OCD-spectrum disorder", an addiction,[5][6][7] or a disorder of impulsivity. A number of authors do not acknowledge such a pathology[8] and instead assert that the condition merely reflects a cultural dislike of exceptional sexual behavior.[9][10]

Consistent with there not being any consensus over what causes hypersexuality,[11] authors have used many different labels to refer to it, sometimes interchangeably, but often depending on which theory they favor or which specific behavior they were studying. Contemporary names include compulsive masturbation, compulsive sexual behavior,[12][13] cybersex addiction, erotomania, "excessive sexual drive",[14] hyperphilia,[15] hypersexuality,[16][17] hypersexual disorder,[18] problematic hypersexuality,[19] sexual addiction, sexual compulsivity,[20] sexual dependency,[10] sexual impulsivity,[21] "out of control sexual behavior",[22] and paraphilia-related disorder.[23][24][25]

Causes Edit

There is little consensus among experts as to the causes of hypersexuality. Some research suggests that some cases can be linked to biochemical or physiological changes that accompany dementia, as dementia can lead to disinhibition.[26] Psychological needs also complicate the biological explanation, which identifies the temporal/frontal lobe of the brain as the area for regulating libido. Injuries to this part of the brain increase the risk of aggressive behavior and other behavioral problems including personality changes and socially inappropriate sexual behavior such as hypersexuality.[27] The same symptom can occur after unilateral temporal lobotomy.[28] There are other biological factors that are associated with hypersexuality such as premenstrual changes, and the exposure to virilising hormones in childhood or in utero.[29]

Physiology Edit

In research involving the use of antiandrogens to reduce undesirable sexual behaviour such as hypersexuality, testosterone has been found to be necessary, but not sufficient, for sexual drive.[29] A lack of physical closeness and forgetfulness of the recent past were proposed as other potential factors (specifically in the context of hypersexual behavior exhibited by people suffering from dementia).[30]

Pathogenic overactivity of the dopaminergic mesolimbic pathway in the brain—forming either psychiatrically, during mania,[31] or pharmacologically, as a side effect of dopamine agonists, specifically D3-preferring agonists[32][33]—is associated with various addictions[34][35] and has been shown to result among some in overindulgent, sometimes hypersexual, behavior.[31][32][33] HPA axis dysregulation has been associated with hypersexual disorder.[36]

The American Association for Sex Addiction Therapy acknowledges biological factors as contributing causes of sex addiction. Other associated factors include psychological components (which affect mood and motivation as well as psychomotor and cognitive functions[37]), spiritual control, mood disorders, sexual trauma, and intimacy anorexia as causes or type of sex addiction.[38]

As a symptom Edit

Hypersexuality is known to present itself as a symptom in connection to a number of mental and neurological disorders. Some people with borderline personality disorder (sometimes referred to as BPD) can be markedly impulsive, seductive, and extremely sexual. Sexual promiscuity, sexual obsessions, and hypersexuality are very common symptoms for both men and women with BPD. On occasion for some there can be extreme forms of paraphilic drives and desires. "Borderline" patients, due in the opinion of some to the use of splitting, experience love and sexuality in unstable ways.[39]

People with bipolar disorder may often display tremendous swings in sex drive depending on their mood. As defined in the DSM-IV-TR, hypersexuality can be a symptom of hypomania or mania in bipolar disorder or schizoaffective disorder. Pick's disease causes damage to the temporal/frontal lobe of the brain; people with Pick's disease show a range of socially inappropriate behaviors.[40]

Several neurological conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, autism,[41][42] various types of brain injury,[43] Klüver–Bucy syndrome,[44] Kleine–Levin syndrome,[45] and many neurodegenerative diseases can cause hypersexual behavior. Sexually inappropriate behavior has been shown to occur in 7–8% of Alzheimer's patients living at home, at a care facility or in a hospital setting. Hypersexuality has also been reported to result as a side-effect of some medications used to treat Parkinson's disease.[46][47] Some recreationally used drugs, such as methamphetamine, may also contribute to hypersexual behavior.[48]

A positive link between the severity of dementia and occurrence of inappropriate behavior has also been found.[49] Hypersexuality can be caused by dementia in a number of ways, including disinhibition due to organic disease, misreading of social cues, understimulation, the persistence of learned sexual behavior after other behaviours have been lost, and the side-effects of the drugs used to treat dementia.[50] Other possible causes of dementia-related hypersexuality include an inappropriately expressed psychological need for intimacy and forgetfulness of the recent past.[30] As this illness progresses, increasing hypersexuality has been theorized to sometimes compensate for declining self-esteem and cognitive function.[30]

Symptoms of hypersexuality are also similar to those of sexual addiction in that they embody similar traits. These symptoms include the inability to be intimate (intimacy anorexia), depression and bipolar disorders.[51] The resulting hypersexuality may have an impact in the person's social and occupational domains if the underlying symptoms have a large enough systemic influence.[52][53]

As a disorder Edit

Main articles: Sexual addiction and Hypersexual disorder

In 2010, a proposal to add Sexual Addiction to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) system has failed to get support of the American Psychiatric Association (APA).[54][55][56] The DSM does include an entry called Sexual Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (Sexual Disorder NOS) to apply to, among other conditions, "distress about a pattern of repeated sexual relationships involving a succession of lovers who are experienced by the individual only as things to be used".[57] As of March 2022 the DSM-5-TR, does not recognize a diagnosis of sexual addiction.[58]

The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) of the World Health Organization (WHO), includes two relevant entries. One is "Excessive Sexual Drive" (coded F52.7),[59] which is divided into satyriasis for males and nymphomania for females. The other is "Excessive Masturbation" or "Onanism (excessive)" (coded F98.8).[60]

In 1988, Levine and Troiden questioned whether it makes sense to discuss hypersexuality at all, arguing that labeling sexual urges "extreme" merely stigmatizes people who do not conform to the norms of their culture or peer group, and that sexual compulsivity be a myth.[9] However, and in contrast to this view, 30 years later in 2018, the ICD-11 created a new condition classification, compulsive sexual behavior, to cover "a persistent pattern of failure to control intense, repetitive sexual impulses or urges resulting in repetitive sexual behaviour". It classifies this "failure to control" as an abnormal mental health condition.[61][62]

Treatment Edit

Hypersexuality may negatively impact an individual. The concept of hypersexuality as an addiction was started in the 1970s by former members of Alcoholics Anonymous who felt they experienced a similar lack of control and compulsivity with sexual behaviors as with alcohol.[9][63]

Multiple 12-step style self-help groups now exist for people who identify as sex addicts, including Sex Addicts Anonymous, Sexaholics Anonymous, Sex and Love Addicts Anonymous, and Sexual Compulsives Anonymous. Some hypersexual men may treat their condition with the usage of medication (such as Cyproterone acetate) or consuming foods considered to be anaphrodisiacs.[64] Other hypersexuals may choose a route of consultation, such as psychotherapy, self-help groups or counselling.[65]

Terminology Edit

The Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines hypersexual as "exhibiting unusual or excessive concern with or indulgence in sexual activity".[66] Sexologists have been using the term hypersexuality since the late 1800s, when Krafft-Ebing described several cases of extreme sexual behaviours in his seminal 1886 book, Psychopathia Sexualis.[67][11] The author used the term "hypersexuality" to describe conditions that would now be termed premature ejaculation. Terms to describe males with the condition include donjuanist,[68] satyromaniac,[69] satyriac[70] and satyriasist,[71] for women clitoromaniac,[72] nympho and nymphomaniac,[73] for teleiophilic (attracted to adults) heterosexual women andromaniac,[74] while hypersexualist, sexaholic,[75] onanist, hyperphiliac and erotomaniac[76] are gender neutral terms.[77]

Other, mostly historical, names include Don Juanism, the Messalina complex,[78] sexaholism,[79] hyperlibido[80] and furor uterinus.[81] John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester described hypersexuality in some of his literature.[82]

See also Edit

References Edit

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External links Edit

 
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October 15, 2023
hypersexuality, nymphomaniac, maniac, redirect, here, films, nymphomaniac, film, maniac, film, term, used, presumed, mental, disorder, causing, people, engage, think, about, point, distress, impairment, controversial, whether, should, included, clinical, diagn. Nymphomaniac and Sex maniac redirect here For the films see Nymphomaniac film and Sex Maniac film Hypersexuality is a term used for a presumed mental disorder causing people to engage in or think about sex to a point of distress or impairment 1 It is controversial whether it should be included as a clinical diagnosis 1 used by mental healthcare professionals Nymphomania and satyriasis were terms previously used for the condition in women and men respectively HypersexualitySpecialtyPsychiatryHypersexuality may be a primary condition or the symptom of another medical disease or condition for example Kluver Bucy syndrome or bipolar disorder Hypersexuality may also present as a side effect of medication such as drugs used to treat Parkinson s disease Clinicians have yet to reach a consensus over how best to describe hypersexuality as a primary condition 2 3 4 or to determine the appropriateness of describing such behaviors and impulses as a separate pathology Hypersexual behaviors are viewed variously by clinicians and therapists as a type of obsessive compulsive disorder OCD or OCD spectrum disorder an addiction 5 6 7 or a disorder of impulsivity A number of authors do not acknowledge such a pathology 8 and instead assert that the condition merely reflects a cultural dislike of exceptional sexual behavior 9 10 Consistent with there not being any consensus over what causes hypersexuality 11 authors have used many different labels to refer to it sometimes interchangeably but often depending on which theory they favor or which specific behavior they were studying Contemporary names include compulsive masturbation compulsive sexual behavior 12 13 cybersex addiction erotomania excessive sexual drive 14 hyperphilia 15 hypersexuality 16 17 hypersexual disorder 18 problematic hypersexuality 19 sexual addiction sexual compulsivity 20 sexual dependency 10 sexual impulsivity 21 out of control sexual behavior 22 and paraphilia related disorder 23 24 25 Contents 1 Causes 1 1 Physiology 2 As a symptom 3 As a disorder 4 Treatment 5 Terminology 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksCauses EditThere is little consensus among experts as to the causes of hypersexuality Some research suggests that some cases can be linked to biochemical or physiological changes that accompany dementia as dementia can lead to disinhibition 26 Psychological needs also complicate the biological explanation which identifies the temporal frontal lobe of the brain as the area for regulating libido Injuries to this part of the brain increase the risk of aggressive behavior and other behavioral problems including personality changes and socially inappropriate sexual behavior such as hypersexuality 27 The same symptom can occur after unilateral temporal lobotomy 28 There are other biological factors that are associated with hypersexuality such as premenstrual changes and the exposure to virilising hormones in childhood or in utero 29 Physiology Edit In research involving the use of antiandrogens to reduce undesirable sexual behaviour such as hypersexuality testosterone has been found to be necessary but not sufficient for sexual drive 29 A lack of physical closeness and forgetfulness of the recent past were proposed as other potential factors specifically in the context of hypersexual behavior exhibited by people suffering from dementia 30 Pathogenic overactivity of the dopaminergic mesolimbic pathway in the brain forming either psychiatrically during mania 31 or pharmacologically as a side effect of dopamine agonists specifically D3 preferring agonists 32 33 is associated with various addictions 34 35 and has been shown to result among some in overindulgent sometimes hypersexual behavior 31 32 33 HPA axis dysregulation has been associated with hypersexual disorder 36 The American Association for Sex Addiction Therapy acknowledges biological factors as contributing causes of sex addiction Other associated factors include psychological components which affect mood and motivation as well as psychomotor and cognitive functions 37 spiritual control mood disorders sexual trauma and intimacy anorexia as causes or type of sex addiction 38 As a symptom EditHypersexuality is known to present itself as a symptom in connection to a number of mental and neurological disorders Some people with borderline personality disorder sometimes referred to as BPD can be markedly impulsive seductive and extremely sexual Sexual promiscuity sexual obsessions and hypersexuality are very common symptoms for both men and women with BPD On occasion for some there can be extreme forms of paraphilic drives and desires Borderline patients due in the opinion of some to the use of splitting experience love and sexuality in unstable ways 39 People with bipolar disorder may often display tremendous swings in sex drive depending on their mood As defined in the DSM IV TR hypersexuality can be a symptom of hypomania or mania in bipolar disorder or schizoaffective disorder Pick s disease causes damage to the temporal frontal lobe of the brain people with Pick s disease show a range of socially inappropriate behaviors 40 Several neurological conditions such as Alzheimer s disease autism 41 42 various types of brain injury 43 Kluver Bucy syndrome 44 Kleine Levin syndrome 45 and many neurodegenerative diseases can cause hypersexual behavior Sexually inappropriate behavior has been shown to occur in 7 8 of Alzheimer s patients living at home at a care facility or in a hospital setting Hypersexuality has also been reported to result as a side effect of some medications used to treat Parkinson s disease 46 47 Some recreationally used drugs such as methamphetamine may also contribute to hypersexual behavior 48 A positive link between the severity of dementia and occurrence of inappropriate behavior has also been found 49 Hypersexuality can be caused by dementia in a number of ways including disinhibition due to organic disease misreading of social cues understimulation the persistence of learned sexual behavior after other behaviours have been lost and the side effects of the drugs used to treat dementia 50 Other possible causes of dementia related hypersexuality include an inappropriately expressed psychological need for intimacy and forgetfulness of the recent past 30 As this illness progresses increasing hypersexuality has been theorized to sometimes compensate for declining self esteem and cognitive function 30 Symptoms of hypersexuality are also similar to those of sexual addiction in that they embody similar traits These symptoms include the inability to be intimate intimacy anorexia depression and bipolar disorders 51 The resulting hypersexuality may have an impact in the person s social and occupational domains if the underlying symptoms have a large enough systemic influence 52 53 As a disorder EditMain articles Sexual addiction and Hypersexual disorder In 2010 a proposal to add Sexual Addiction to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM system has failed to get support of the American Psychiatric Association APA 54 55 56 The DSM does include an entry called Sexual Disorder Not Otherwise Specified Sexual Disorder NOS to apply to among other conditions distress about a pattern of repeated sexual relationships involving a succession of lovers who are experienced by the individual only as things to be used 57 As of March 2022 update the DSM 5 TR does not recognize a diagnosis of sexual addiction 58 The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems ICD 10 of the World Health Organization WHO includes two relevant entries One is Excessive Sexual Drive coded F52 7 59 which is divided into satyriasis for males and nymphomania for females The other is Excessive Masturbation or Onanism excessive coded F98 8 60 In 1988 Levine and Troiden questioned whether it makes sense to discuss hypersexuality at all arguing that labeling sexual urges extreme merely stigmatizes people who do not conform to the norms of their culture or peer group and that sexual compulsivity be a myth 9 However and in contrast to this view 30 years later in 2018 the ICD 11 created a new condition classification compulsive sexual behavior to cover a persistent pattern of failure to control intense repetitive sexual impulses or urges resulting in repetitive sexual behaviour It classifies this failure to control as an abnormal mental health condition 61 62 Treatment EditHypersexuality may negatively impact an individual The concept of hypersexuality as an addiction was started in the 1970s by former members of Alcoholics Anonymous who felt they experienced a similar lack of control and compulsivity with sexual behaviors as with alcohol 9 63 Multiple 12 step style self help groups now exist for people who identify as sex addicts including Sex Addicts Anonymous Sexaholics Anonymous Sex and Love Addicts Anonymous and Sexual Compulsives Anonymous Some hypersexual men may treat their condition with the usage of medication such as Cyproterone acetate or consuming foods considered to be anaphrodisiacs 64 Other hypersexuals may choose a route of consultation such as psychotherapy self help groups or counselling 65 Terminology EditThe Merriam Webster Dictionary defines hypersexual as exhibiting unusual or excessive concern with or indulgence in sexual activity 66 Sexologists have been using the term hypersexuality since the late 1800s when Krafft Ebing described several cases of extreme sexual behaviours in his seminal 1886 book Psychopathia Sexualis 67 11 The author used the term hypersexuality to describe conditions that would now be termed premature ejaculation Terms to describe males with the condition include donjuanist 68 satyromaniac 69 satyriac 70 and satyriasist 71 for women clitoromaniac 72 nympho and nymphomaniac 73 for teleiophilic attracted to adults heterosexual women andromaniac 74 while hypersexualist sexaholic 75 onanist hyperphiliac and erotomaniac 76 are gender neutral terms 77 Other mostly historical names include Don Juanism the Messalina complex 78 sexaholism 79 hyperlibido 80 and furor uterinus 81 John Wilmot 2nd Earl of Rochester described hypersexuality in some of his literature 82 See also Edit nbsp Psychology portal nbsp Human sexuality portalErotophilia Persistent genital arousal disorder Pornography addiction Sexual Compulsivity Scale Hypersexual disorderReferences Edit a b hypersexuality according to the website of Psychology Today 2021 Stein Dan J 2008 Classifying Hypersexual Disorders Compulsive Impulsive and Addictive Models Psychiatric Clinics of North America 31 4 587 591 doi 10 1016 j psc 2008 06 007 PMID 18996299 S2CID 9083474 Bancroft John Vukadinovic Zoran 2004 Sexual addiction sexual compulsivity sexual impulsivity or what Toward a theoretical model PDF The Journal of Sex Research 41 3 225 234 doi 10 1080 00224490409552230 PMID 15497051 S2CID 3493468 Archived from the original PDF on 2014 12 05 Coleman E July 1986 Sexual Compulsion vs Sexual Addiction The Debate Continues PDF SIECUS Report 14 6 7 11 Retrieved 2012 10 15 Orford J 1985 Excessive appetites A psychological view of the addictions Chichester England John Wiley amp Sons Douglas Weiss 1998 The Final Freedom Pioneering Sexual Addiction Recovery Fort Worth Tex Discovery Press pp 13 14 ISBN 978 1881292371 OCLC 38983487 Carnes P 1983 Out of the shadows Understanding sexual addiction Minneapolis MN CompCare Levine Stephen B 2010 What is Sexual Addiction Journal of Sex amp Marital Therapy 36 3 261 275 doi 10 1080 00926231003719681 PMID 20432125 a b c Levine M P Troiden R R 1988 The Myth of Sexual Compulsivity Journal of Sex Research 25 3 347 363 doi 10 1080 00224498809551467 Archived from the original on 2014 02 02 a b Rinehart Nicole J McCabe Marita P 1997 Hypersexuality Psychopathology or normal variant of sexuality Sexual and Marital Therapy 12 45 60 doi 10 1080 02674659708408201 a b Kafka M P 2010 Hypersexual Disorder A Proposed Diagnosis for DSM V PDF Archives of Sexual Behavior 39 2 377 400 doi 10 1007 s10508 009 9574 7 PMID 19937105 S2CID 2190694 Archived from the original PDF on 2012 09 14 Retrieved 2013 01 02 Quadland Michael C 1985 Compulsive Sexual Behavior Definition of a Problem and an Approach to Treatment Journal of Sex amp Marital Therapy 11 2 121 132 doi 10 1080 00926238508406078 PMID 4009729 Coleman E 1990 The obsessive compulsive model for describing compulsive sexual behavior PDF American Journal of Preventive Psychiatry amp Neurology 2 9 14 Archived from the original PDF on 2019 01 08 Retrieved 2019 01 08 ICD 10 entry for Excessive sexual drive Apps who int Retrieved 2012 06 22 Money J 1980 Love and love sickness The science of sex gender difference and pair bonding Baltimore MD Johns Hopkins University Press Miller B L Cummings J L McIntyre H Ebers G Grode M 1986 Hypersexuality or altered sexual preference following brain injury PDF Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery amp Psychiatry 49 8 867 873 doi 10 1136 jnnp 49 8 867 PMC 1028946 PMID 3746322 Orford Jim 1978 Hypersexuality Implications for a Theory of Dependence Addiction 73 3 299 310 doi 10 1111 j 1360 0443 1978 tb00157 x PMID 280354 Krueger Richard B Kaplan Meg S 2001 The Paraphilic and Hypersexual Disorders An Overview Journal of Psychiatric Practice 7 6 391 403 doi 10 1097 00131746 200111000 00005 PMID 15990552 S2CID 17478379 Kingston Drew A Firestone Philip 2008 Problematic Hypersexuality A Review of Conceptualization and Diagnosis Sexual Addiction amp Compulsivity 15 4 284 310 doi 10 1080 10720160802289249 S2CID 53418034 Dodge Brian Reece Michael Cole Sara L Sandfort Theo G M 2004 Sexual compulsivity among heterosexual college students Journal of Sex Research 41 4 343 350 doi 10 1080 00224490409552241 PMC 3331786 PMID 15765274 Kafka M P 1995b Sexual impulsivity In Hollander E Stein D J eds Impulsivity and aggression Chichester England John Wiley pp 201 228 Bancroft John 2008 Sexual Behavior that is Out of Control A Theoretical Conceptual Approach Psychiatric Clinics of North America 31 4 593 601 doi 10 1016 j psc 2008 06 009 PMID 18996300 Kafka Martin P 1994 Paraphilia Related Disorders Common Neglected and Misunderstood Harvard Review of Psychiatry 2 1 39 40 doi 10 3109 10673229409017112 PMID 9384878 S2CID 45257740 Kafka M P 2000 The paraphilia related disorders Nonparaphilic hypersexuality and sexual compulsivity addiction In Leiblum S R Rosen R C eds Principles and practice of sex therapy 3rd ed New York Guilford Press pp 471 503 Kafka Martin P 2001 The Paraphilia Related Disorders A Proposal for a Unified Classification of Nonparaphilic Hypersexuality Disorders Sexual Addiction amp Compulsivity 8 3 4 227 239 doi 10 1080 107201601753459937 S2CID 144675897 Cipriani Gabriele Ulivi Martina Danti Sabrina Lucetti Claudio Nuti Angelo March 2016 Sexual disinhibition and dementia Sexual disinhibition and dementia Psychogeriatrics 16 2 145 153 doi 10 1111 psyg 12143 PMID 26215977 S2CID 43886263 Robinson Karen M DNS RN CS FAAN January 2003 Understanding Hypersexuality A Behavioral Disorder of Dementia Home Healthcare Nurse 21 1 43 47 doi 10 1097 00004045 200301000 00010 PMID 12544463 S2CID 35691077 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Devinsky Julie Devinsk Oliver Sacks Orrin 18 Nov 2009 Neurocase The Neural Basis of Cognition Kluver Bucy Syndrome Hypersexuality and the Law 16 2 140 145 doi 10 1080 13554790903329182 PMID 19927260 S2CID 23738965 a b Catalan Jose Singh Ashok 1995 Hypersexuality revisited The Journal of Forensic Psychiatry 6 2 255 258 doi 10 1080 09585189508409891 a b c Robinson Karen M 2003 Understanding Hypersexuality Home Healthcare Nurse The Journal for the Home Care and Hospice Professional 21 1 43 47 doi 10 1097 00004045 200301000 00010 PMID 12544463 S2CID 35691077 a b Silverstone T T 1985 Dopamine in manic depressive illness A pharmacological synthesis Journal of Affective Disorders 8 3 225 231 doi 10 1016 0165 0327 85 90020 5 PMID 2862169 a b MedlinePlus Drug Information Pramipexole Systemic United States National Library of Medicine Archived from the original on 2006 09 26 Retrieved 2006 09 27 a b Boyd Alan 1995 Bromocriptine and psychosis A literature review Psychiatric Quarterly 66 1 87 95 doi 10 1007 BF02238717 PMID 7701022 S2CID 29539691 Arias Carrion O Poppel E 2007 Dopamine learning and reward seeking behavior Acta Neurobiol Exp 67 4 481 488 PMID 18320725 Nestler Eric J 2005 Is There A Common Molecular Pathway For Addiction PDF Nature Neuroscience 8 11 1445 1449 doi 10 1038 nn1578 PMID 16251986 S2CID 6120032 Chatzittofis A Arver S Oberg K Hallberg J Nordstrom P Jokinen J 2016 HPA axis dysregulation in men with hypersexual disorder Psychoneuroendocrinology 63 247 253 doi 10 1016 j psyneuen 2015 10 002 hdl 10616 45066 PMID 26519779 S2CID 44319298 Psychological components Mobility and transport European Commission 2016 10 17 Retrieved 2018 06 18 American Association For Sex Addiction Therapy aasat org Retrieved 2018 06 18 Mitchell Stephen 1995 Freud and Beyond A History of Modern Psychoanalytic Thought New York Basic Books ISBN 978 0 465 01405 7 Cummings J L Dementia A clinical approach 2nd ed Boston Butterworth Heinemann Jones M C Okere K 2008 Treatment of Hypersexual Behavior with Oral Estrogen in an Autistic Male Southern Medical Journal 101 9 959 960 doi 10 1097 SMJ 0b013e318180b3de PMID 18708975 S2CID 27225525 Dhikav V Anand K Aggarwal N April 2007 Grossly disinhibited sexual behavior in dementia of Alzheimer s type Arch Sex Behav 36 2 133 4 doi 10 1007 s10508 006 9144 1 PMID 17308974 S2CID 19434520 Miller BL Cummings JL McIntyre H Ebers G Grode M August 1986 Hypersexuality or altered sexual preference following brain injury J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 49 8 867 73 doi 10 1136 jnnp 49 8 867 PMC 1028946 PMID 3746322 National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke NINDS Kluver Bucy Syndrome Information Page Archived from the original on 2017 01 04 Retrieved 2009 10 10 Arnulf I Zeitzer JM File J Farber N Mignot E December 2005 Kleine Levin syndrome a systematic review of 186 cases in the literature Brain 128 Pt 12 2763 76 doi 10 1093 brain awh620 PMID 16230322 Vogel H P Schiffter R 1983 Hypersexuality A complication of dopaminergic therapy in Parkinson s disease Pharmacopsychiatria 16 4 107 110 doi 10 1055 s 2007 1017459 PMID 6685318 Uitti Ryan J Tanner C M Rajput A H Goetz C G Klawans H L Thiessen B 1989 Hypersexuality with antiparkinsonian therapy Clinical Neuropharmacology 12 5 375 383 doi 10 1097 00002826 198910000 00002 PMID 2575449 Mansergh G Purcell D W Stall R McFarlane M Semaan S Valentine J Valdiserri R 2006 CDC Consultation on Methamphetamine Use and Sexual Risk Behavior for HIV STD Infection Summary and Suggestions Public Health Reports 121 2 127 132 doi 10 1177 003335490612100205 PMC 1525267 PMID 16528944 Burns A Jacoby R Levy R 1990 Psychiatric phenomena in Alzheimer s disease IV Disorders of behavior British Journal of Psychiatry 157 86 94 doi 10 1192 bjp 157 1 86 PMID 2397368 S2CID 28199198 Series H Degano P 2005 Hypersexuality in dementia Advances in Psychiatric Treatment 11 6 424 doi 10 1192 apt 11 6 424 Douglas Weiss 1998 The Final Freedom Pioneering Sexual Addiction Recovery Fort Worth Tex Discovery Press pp 31 34 ISBN 978 1881292371 OCLC 38983487 Douglas Weiss 1998 The Final Freedom Pioneering Sexual Addiction Recovery Fort Worth Tex Discovery Press pp 87 88 92 93 ISBN 978 1881292371 OCLC 38983487 Weiss Douglas 2007 Sex Addiction 6 Types and Treatment Fort Worth Texas Discovery Press p 33 ISBN 978 1 881292 36 4 Rubin Rita 2010 02 09 Psychiatry s bible Autism binge eating updates proposed for DSM USA Today Black Friday deals for Target H amp M Forever21 Old Navy Radio Shack and more Daily News New York 2010 02 10 Archived from the original on July 27 2011 New Diagnostic Guidelines for Mental Illnesses Proposed Health usnews com 2010 02 10 Retrieved 2012 06 22 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition Text Revision DSM IV TR Vol 1 2000 doi 10 1176 appi books 9780890423349 ISBN 0 89042 334 2 Martinez Gilliard Erin 2023 Sex Social Justice and Intimacy in Mental Health Practice Incorporating Sexual Health in Approaches to Wellness Taylor amp Francis p unpaginated ISBN 978 1 000 84578 5 Retrieved 5 March 2023 Sex addiction is also referred to as a diagnosis or presenting problem Sex addiction is not a diagnosis in the DSM 5 TR and identified as Compulsive Sexual Behavior in the ICD 11 rather than an issue of addiction 2012 ICD 10 Diagnosis Code F52 7 Excessive sexual drive Retrieved 2013 02 22 2012 ICD 10 CM Diagnosis Code F98 8 Other specified behavioral and emotional disorders with onset usually occurring in childhood and adolescence Icd10data com Retrieved 2012 06 22 Christensen Jen WHO classifies compulsive sexual behavior as mental health condition CNN Retrieved 2018 11 26 ICD 11 Mortality and Morbidity Statistics icd who int Retrieved 2018 11 26 Goleman Daniel October 16 1984 Some Sexual Behavior Viewed as an Addiction New York Times Cl C9 Retrieved 2012 10 15 Bitomsky Jane 2015 Aphrodisiacs Fertility and Medicine in Early Modern England by Jennifer Evans Parergon 32 2 293 294 doi 10 1353 pgn 2015 0119 S2CID 147637623 Griffiths Mark D Dhuffar Manpreet K 2014 Treatment of Sexual Addiction within the British National Health Service PDF International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 12 5 561 571 doi 10 1007 s11469 014 9485 2 S2CID 20280073 Hypersexual Definition of hypersexual by Merriam Webster merriam webster com von Krafft Ebing R 1965 1886 Psychopathia sexualis A medico forensic study H E Wedeck Trans ed New York Putnam Sifuentes Jauregui B 2002 Transvestism Masculinity and Latin American Literature Genders Share Flesh p 207 ISBN 9780230107281 Scruton Roger 2015 Sexual Desire A Philosophical Investigation p 168 ISBN 9781472927842 Eghigian Greg August 2012 Hypersexual disorder an encounter with Don Juan in the archives Psychiatric Times 29 8 18 Spooner Henry 1918 American Journal of Urology and Sexology p 565 Plummer Ken A sociological perspective Sexualities Difference and the diversity of sexualities 3 2002 43 Craigshead W Edward Nemeroff Charles eds 2004 The Concise Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology and Behavioral Science 3rd ed Wiley p 630 Trout Steven 1997 Decadence amp Modernism English Literature in Transition 40 2 210 214 Gozzi Raymond Jr Spring 1995 Confessions of a metaphoraholic ETC A Review of General Semantics 52 1 51 55 Coleman Eli 1991 Compulsive Sexual Behavior Journal of Psychology amp Human Sexuality 4 2 37 52 doi 10 1300 J056v04n02 04 Jen Gerson Feel free to opt for the epidural sans guilt new moms 8 April 2016 Orford Jim 1978 Hypersexuality Implications for a Theory of Dependence Addiction 73 3 299 310 doi 10 1111 j 1360 0443 1978 tb00157 x PMID 280354 Longo Disse Samadhi Carol 2006 Sexaholism A Perspective Sexual Addiction amp Compulsivity 13 69 94 doi 10 1080 10720160500529292 S2CID 145338301 Coleman Eli 1992 Is Your Patient Suffering from Compulsive Sexual Behavior Psychiatric Annals 22 6 320 325 doi 10 3928 0048 5713 19920601 09 Groneman Carol 1994 Nymphomania The Historical Construction of Female Sexuality Signs Journal of Women in Culture and Society 19 2 337 367 doi 10 1086 494887 S2CID 143081405 Davies M Owens W R 2018 The Oxford Handbook of John Bunyan Oxford Handbooks OUP Oxford p 125 ISBN 978 0 19 164944 8 Retrieved 2023 06 18 External links Edit nbsp Look up Wikisaurus libidinist in Wiktionary the free dictionary WikiSaurus libidinist Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hypersexuality amp oldid 1179302598, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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