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Nonpartisanism

May 07, 2023

Not to be confused with Non-partisan democracy.

Nonpartisanism is a lack of affiliation with, and a lack of bias towards, a political party.[1]

While an Oxford English Dictionary definition of partisan includes adherents of a party, cause, person, etc.,[2] in most cases, nonpartisan refers specifically to political party connections rather than being the strict antonym of "partisan".[3][4][5]

Canada

In Canada, the Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories and the Legislative Assembly of Nunavut are the only bodies at the provincial/territorial level that are currently nonpartisan; they operate on a consensus government system. The autonomous Nunatsiavut Assembly operates similarly on a sub-provincial level.

India

In India, the Jaago Re! One Billion Votes campaign was a non-partisan campaign initiated by Tata Tea, and Janaagraha to encourage citizens to vote in the 2009 Indian general election.[citation needed] The campaign was a non-partisan campaign initiated by Anal Saha.

Philippines

In the Philippines, barangay elections (elections for positions in the barangay or village) are nonpartisan. The certificates of candidacies, which the candidates sign under oath, say that they are not a member of any political party.[6] The nonpartisanism of barangay elections have been challenged lately, though, as some candidates are members of political parties.[7]

Barangay Captains and Sangguniang Kabataan (SK, youth councils) chairmen in a municipality or city elect among themselves their representative to the local legislature. In deadlocked or hung legislatures, votes from the nominally nonpartisan representatives of barangay captains and SK chairmen hold the balance of power.

United States

Main article: Nonpartisanism in the United States

Historian Sean Wilentz argues that from the days of George Washington's farewell address, to Senator Barack Obama's speech at the Democratic national convention in 2004, politicians have called upon Americans to move beyond parties. Wilentz calls this the post-partisan style, and argues that "the antiparty current is by definition antidemocratic, as political parties have been the only reliable electoral vehicles for advancing the ideas and interests of ordinary voters".[8] However, nonpartisan elections are quite common at the local level, primarily in an effort to keep national issues from being mixed up with local issues.[9]

Today, nonpartisan elections are generally held for municipal and county offices, especially school board, and are also common in the election of judges. The unicameral Legislature of Nebraska is the only state legislature that is entirely officially nonpartisan; additionally, the bicameral Fono of American Samoa is the only territorial legislature that is officially nonpartisan.

Although elections may be officially nonpartisan, in some elections (usually involving larger cities or counties, as well as the Nebraska unicameral) the party affiliations of candidates are generally known, most commonly by the groups endorsing a particular candidate (e.g., a candidate endorsed by a labor union would be generally affiliated with the Democratic Party, while a candidate endorsed by a business coalition would be generally affiliated with the Republican Party).[10]

Churches and other 501(c)(3) organizations

Churches and charities in the United States are mainly formed under US Internal Revenue Service tax code 501(c)(3) non-profit organization regulations. To maintain that tax-exempt status, and the ability for donors to take a tax deduction, they are required to remain nonpartisan.[11]

This has caused some to question the ability of organizations that have the appearance of partisanship.

The Brookings Institution is a Washington, D.C. think tank and 501(c)(3) non-profit, nonpartisan organization. Since its founding in 1916, it has had both identifiable Republicans and Democrats among its leadership. Owing to leadership changes such as this, some argue that it is a good example of a nonpartisan organization. The New York Times has at times listed the organization as being liberal, liberal-centrist, centrist, and conservative.[12][13][14][15][16] In 2008, The New York Times published an article where it referred to the "conservative Brookings Institution".[12]

Nonpartisan League

In the Progressive Era, the Nonpartisan League was an influential socialist political movement, especially in the Upper Midwest, particularly during the 1910s and 1920s. It also contributed much to the ideology of the former Progressive Party of Canada. It went into decline and merged with the Democratic Party of North Dakota to form the North Dakota Democratic–NPL Party in 1956.

Milwaukee

In the history of Milwaukee, the "Nonpartisans" were an unofficial but widely recognized coalition of Republicans and Democrats who cooperated in an effort to keep Milwaukee's Sewer Socialists out of as many offices as possible, including in elections which were officially non-partisan, but in which Socialists and "Nonpartisans" were clearly identified in the press.[17] (Such candidates were sometimes called "fusion" candidates.[18]) This lasted from the 1910s[19] well into the 1940s. (The similar effort in 1888 to prevent Herman Kroeger's election as a Union Labor candidate had been conducted under the banner of a temporary "Citizen's Party" label.[20]) During the period of Socialist-Progressive cooperation (1935–1941), the two sides were called "Progressives" and "Nonpartisans".[21]

See also

References

Citations

  1. ^ The Merriam-Webster's dictionary defines nonpartisan as: Not partisan; free from party affiliation, bias, or designation. "Webster: Nonpartisan". from the original on 24 April 2009. Retrieved 13 August 2009.
  2. ^ Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd. ed, partisan
  3. ^ "Cambridge Dictionary - nonpartisan". from the original on 3 May 2022. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
  4. ^ "Macmillan Dictionary - nonpartisan". from the original on 11 September 2017. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
  5. ^ "American Heritage Dictionary - nonpartisan
    Collins English Dictionary - nonpartisan
    Websters College Dictionary - nonpartisan". from the original on 8 May 2022. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
  6. ^ Gomez, Carla P. (12 April 2018). "Barangay bets warned: Be truthful in declaring party affiliation or face consequences". INQUIRER.net. from the original on 3 August 2020. Retrieved 9 August 2020.
  7. ^ Nalzaro, Bobby (8 April 2018). "Barangay and SK elections are partisan". Sunstar. from the original on 27 February 2021. Retrieved 9 August 2020.
  8. ^ p. 28
  9. ^ Sean Wilentz (2016). The Politicians and the Egalitarians: The Hidden History of American Politics. W. W. Norton. p. 45. ISBN 9780393285017. from the original on 7 February 2023. Retrieved 1 June 2019.
  10. ^ Steffen Schmidt (2007). American Government and Politics Today - Texas Edition, 2007-2008. Cengage Learning. p. 850. ISBN 978-0495392026. from the original on 7 February 2023. Retrieved 1 June 2019.
  11. ^ Eyes wide shut: The ambiguous "political activity" prohibition and its effects on 501(c)(3) organizations, Houston Business and Tax Journal 2 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine, by Amelia Elacqua, 2008, pages 118, 119 and 141, referenced 16 February 2012
  12. ^ a b Glaberson, William (16 November 2008). "Closing Guantánamo may not be easy". The New York Times. from the original on 1 July 2017. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
  13. ^ Next Generation of Conservatives (By the Dormful) 15 April 2015 at the Wayback Machine by Jason DeParle, New York Times, 14 June 2005
  14. ^ Silicon Valley's New Think Tank Stakes Out 'Radical Center' 7 February 2023 at the Wayback Machine by Neil A. Lewis, New York Times, 15 May 1999
  15. ^ ECONOMIC VIEW; Friedman And Keynes, Trading Pedestals 7 February 2023 at the Wayback Machine by Tom Redburn, New York Times, 24 September 2000
  16. ^ Marshall A. Robinson, 83, Former Foundation Chief, Dies 18 October 2015 at the Wayback Machine by Wolfgang Saxon, New York Times, 13 January 2006
  17. ^ "School Board Returns Even: Both Nonpartisans and Socialists Pick Five Candidates Each" Milwaukee Journal 18 March 1931; p. 1, col. 7
  18. ^ "Fusion In Many Districts; Old Parties Unite On Legislative Candidates" Milwaukee Journal 1 November 1918; p. 9, col. 2
  19. ^ Avella, Steven M. Milwaukee Catholicism: Essays on Church and Community Milwaukee: Milwaukee Knights of Columbus, 1991; pp. 43-44
  20. ^ Wells, Robert W. This Is Milwaukee New York: Doubleday, 1970; p. 169
  21. ^ Cibulka, James G. and Olson, Frederick I. "The Organization of the Milwaukee Public School System" in Seeds of Crisis: Public Schooling in Milwaukee since 1920 Rury, John L. and Cassell, Frank A., eds. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1993; p. 104

Bibliography

  • William Safire (31 March 2008). Safire's political dictionary. ISBN 9780195343342. Retrieved 25 January 2012.
  • Charles Edward Russell (1920). The story of the Nonpartisan League: a chapter in American evolution. Harper & Brothers. Retrieved 25 January 2012 – via Internet Archive. Nonpartisan.
  • Albert Breton (28 September 1998). Competitive Governments: An Economic Theory of Politics and Public Finance. ISBN 9780521646284. Retrieved 25 January 2012.
  • Joan Campbell (3 June 1944). European labor unions. ISBN 9780313263712. Retrieved 25 January 2012.
  • Leon D. Epstein (1980). Political parties in Western democracies. ISBN 9781412831178. Retrieved 25 January 2012.

May 07, 2023
nonpartisanism, confused, with, partisan, democracy, examples, perspective, this, article, deal, primarily, with, united, states, represent, worldwide, view, subject, improve, this, article, discuss, issue, talk, page, create, article, appropriate, 2012, learn. Not to be confused with Non partisan democracy The examples and perspective in this article deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a worldwide view of the subject You may improve this article discuss the issue on the talk page or create a new article as appropriate May 2012 Learn how and when to remove this template message Nonpartisanism is a lack of affiliation with and a lack of bias towards a political party 1 While an Oxford English Dictionary definition of partisan includes adherents of a party cause person etc 2 in most cases nonpartisan refers specifically to political party connections rather than being the strict antonym of partisan 3 4 5 Contents 1 Canada 2 India 3 Philippines 4 United States 4 1 Churches and other 501 c 3 organizations 4 2 Nonpartisan League 4 3 Milwaukee 5 See also 6 References 6 1 Citations 6 2 BibliographyCanada EditIn Canada the Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories and the Legislative Assembly of Nunavut are the only bodies at the provincial territorial level that are currently nonpartisan they operate on a consensus government system The autonomous Nunatsiavut Assembly operates similarly on a sub provincial level India EditIn India the Jaago Re One Billion Votes campaign was a non partisan campaign initiated by Tata Tea and Janaagraha to encourage citizens to vote in the 2009 Indian general election citation needed The campaign was a non partisan campaign initiated by Anal Saha Philippines EditIn the Philippines barangay elections elections for positions in the barangay or village are nonpartisan The certificates of candidacies which the candidates sign under oath say that they are not a member of any political party 6 The nonpartisanism of barangay elections have been challenged lately though as some candidates are members of political parties 7 Barangay Captains and Sangguniang Kabataan SK youth councils chairmen in a municipality or city elect among themselves their representative to the local legislature In deadlocked or hung legislatures votes from the nominally nonpartisan representatives of barangay captains and SK chairmen hold the balance of power United States EditMain article Nonpartisanism in the United States Historian Sean Wilentz argues that from the days of George Washington s farewell address to Senator Barack Obama s speech at the Democratic national convention in 2004 politicians have called upon Americans to move beyond parties Wilentz calls this the post partisan style and argues that the antiparty current is by definition antidemocratic as political parties have been the only reliable electoral vehicles for advancing the ideas and interests of ordinary voters 8 However nonpartisan elections are quite common at the local level primarily in an effort to keep national issues from being mixed up with local issues 9 Today nonpartisan elections are generally held for municipal and county offices especially school board and are also common in the election of judges The unicameral Legislature of Nebraska is the only state legislature that is entirely officially nonpartisan additionally the bicameral Fono of American Samoa is the only territorial legislature that is officially nonpartisan Although elections may be officially nonpartisan in some elections usually involving larger cities or counties as well as the Nebraska unicameral the party affiliations of candidates are generally known most commonly by the groups endorsing a particular candidate e g a candidate endorsed by a labor union would be generally affiliated with the Democratic Party while a candidate endorsed by a business coalition would be generally affiliated with the Republican Party 10 Churches and other 501 c 3 organizations Edit Churches and charities in the United States are mainly formed under US Internal Revenue Service tax code 501 c 3 non profit organization regulations To maintain that tax exempt status and the ability for donors to take a tax deduction they are required to remain nonpartisan 11 This has caused some to question the ability of organizations that have the appearance of partisanship The Brookings Institution is a Washington D C think tank and 501 c 3 non profit nonpartisan organization Since its founding in 1916 it has had both identifiable Republicans and Democrats among its leadership Owing to leadership changes such as this some argue that it is a good example of a nonpartisan organization The New York Times has at times listed the organization as being liberal liberal centrist centrist and conservative 12 13 14 15 16 In 2008 The New York Times published an article where it referred to the conservative Brookings Institution 12 Nonpartisan League Edit In the Progressive Era the Nonpartisan League was an influential socialist political movement especially in the Upper Midwest particularly during the 1910s and 1920s It also contributed much to the ideology of the former Progressive Party of Canada It went into decline and merged with the Democratic Party of North Dakota to form the North Dakota Democratic NPL Party in 1956 Milwaukee Edit In the history of Milwaukee the Nonpartisans were an unofficial but widely recognized coalition of Republicans and Democrats who cooperated in an effort to keep Milwaukee s Sewer Socialists out of as many offices as possible including in elections which were officially non partisan but in which Socialists and Nonpartisans were clearly identified in the press 17 Such candidates were sometimes called fusion candidates 18 This lasted from the 1910s 19 well into the 1940s The similar effort in 1888 to prevent Herman Kroeger s election as a Union Labor candidate had been conducted under the banner of a temporary Citizen s Party label 20 During the period of Socialist Progressive cooperation 1935 1941 the two sides were called Progressives and Nonpartisans 21 See also Edit Politics portal Political science portalIndependent politician Party switching Apoliticism Decline to state Independent voter Non partisan democracyReferences EditCitations Edit The Merriam Webster s dictionary defines nonpartisan as Not partisan free from party affiliation bias or designation Webster Nonpartisan Archived from the original on 24 April 2009 Retrieved 13 August 2009 Oxford English Dictionary 2nd ed partisan Cambridge Dictionary nonpartisan Archived from the original on 3 May 2022 Retrieved 11 June 2017 Macmillan Dictionary nonpartisan Archived from the original on 11 September 2017 Retrieved 11 June 2017 American Heritage Dictionary nonpartisanCollins English Dictionary nonpartisanWebsters College Dictionary nonpartisan Archived from the original on 8 May 2022 Retrieved 11 June 2017 Gomez Carla P 12 April 2018 Barangay bets warned Be truthful in declaring party affiliation or face consequences INQUIRER net Archived from the original on 3 August 2020 Retrieved 9 August 2020 Nalzaro Bobby 8 April 2018 Barangay and SK elections are partisan Sunstar Archived from the original on 27 February 2021 Retrieved 9 August 2020 p 28 Sean Wilentz 2016 The Politicians and the Egalitarians The Hidden History of American Politics W W Norton p 45 ISBN 9780393285017 Archived from the original on 7 February 2023 Retrieved 1 June 2019 Steffen Schmidt 2007 American Government and Politics Today Texas Edition 2007 2008 Cengage Learning p 850 ISBN 978 0495392026 Archived from the original on 7 February 2023 Retrieved 1 June 2019 Eyes wide shut The ambiguous political activity prohibition and its effects on 501 c 3 organizations Houston Business and Tax Journal Archived 2 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine by Amelia Elacqua 2008 pages 118 119 and 141 referenced 16 February 2012 a b Glaberson William 16 November 2008 Closing Guantanamo may not be easy The New York Times Archived from the original on 1 July 2017 Retrieved 11 February 2017 Next Generation of Conservatives By the Dormful Archived 15 April 2015 at the Wayback Machine by Jason DeParle New York Times 14 June 2005 Silicon Valley s New Think Tank Stakes Out Radical Center Archived 7 February 2023 at the Wayback Machine by Neil A Lewis New York Times 15 May 1999 ECONOMIC VIEW Friedman And Keynes Trading Pedestals Archived 7 February 2023 at the Wayback Machine by Tom Redburn New York Times 24 September 2000 Marshall A Robinson 83 Former Foundation Chief Dies Archived 18 October 2015 at the Wayback Machine by Wolfgang Saxon New York Times 13 January 2006 School Board Returns Even Both Nonpartisans and Socialists Pick Five Candidates Each Milwaukee Journal 18 March 1931 p 1 col 7 Fusion In Many Districts Old Parties Unite On Legislative Candidates Milwaukee Journal 1 November 1918 p 9 col 2 Avella Steven M Milwaukee Catholicism Essays on Church and Community Milwaukee Milwaukee Knights of Columbus 1991 pp 43 44 Wells Robert W This Is Milwaukee New York Doubleday 1970 p 169 Cibulka James G and Olson Frederick I The Organization of the Milwaukee Public School System in Seeds of Crisis Public Schooling in Milwaukee since 1920 Rury John L and Cassell Frank A eds Madison University of Wisconsin Press 1993 p 104 Bibliography Edit William Safire 31 March 2008 Safire s political dictionary ISBN 9780195343342 Retrieved 25 January 2012 Charles Edward Russell 1920 The story of the Nonpartisan League a chapter in American evolution Harper amp Brothers Retrieved 25 January 2012 via Internet Archive Nonpartisan Albert Breton 28 September 1998 Competitive Governments An Economic Theory of Politics and Public Finance ISBN 9780521646284 Retrieved 25 January 2012 Joan Campbell 3 June 1944 European labor unions ISBN 9780313263712 Retrieved 25 January 2012 Leon D Epstein 1980 Political parties in Western democracies ISBN 9781412831178 Retrieved 25 January 2012 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Nonpartisanism amp oldid 1137943695, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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