Nokia, Finland
Nokia (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈnokiɑ]) is a town and a municipality on the banks of the Nokianvirta River (part of the Kokemäki River) in the region of Pirkanmaa, some 15 kilometres (9 mi) west of Tampere in Finland. The distance to Tampere Airport from Nokia is 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) using road connections when circling Lake Pyhäjärvi. Its neighboring municipalities are Hämeenkyrö, Pirkkala, Sastamala, Tampere, Vesilahti and Ylöjärvi. As of 28 February 2023 it has a population of 35,335 and it is one of the fastest-growing cities in the area; today, Nokia is the 33rd largest municipality of Finland by population and the second largest municipality in Pirkanmaa after Tampere.
Nokia | |
|---|---|
Town | |
| Nokian kaupunki Nokia stad | |
Nokia railway station | |
Coat of arms | |
Location of Nokia in Finland | |
| Coordinates: 61°28′36″N 23°30′19″E / 61.47667°N 23.50528°ECoordinates: 61°28′36″N 23°30′19″E / 61.47667°N 23.50528°E | |
| Country | Finland |
| Region | Pirkanmaa |
| Sub-region | Tampere sub-region |
| Charter | 1922 |
| Market town | 1937 |
| City rights | 1977 |
| Government | |
| • Town manager | Markku Rahikkala |
| Area (2018-01-01)[1] | |
| • Total | 347.76 km2 (134.27 sq mi) |
| • Land | 288.18 km2 (111.27 sq mi) |
| • Water | 59.58 km2 (23.00 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 237th largest in Finland |
| Population (2023-02-28)[2] | |
| • Total | 35,335 |
| • Rank | 33rd largest in Finland |
| • Density | 122.61/km2 (317.6/sq mi) |
| • Demonym | Nokialainen (Finnish) |
| Population by native language | |
| • Finnish | 98% (official) |
| • Swedish | 0.3% |
| • Others | 1.6% |
| Population by age | |
| • 0 to 14 | 0% |
| • 15 to 64 | 20,953% |
| • 65 or older | 0% |
| Time zone | UTC+02:00 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+03:00 (EEST) |
| Municipal tax rate[5] | 21% |
| Website | www.nokiankaupunki.fi |
Etymology and heraldry
The origin of the name Nokia is obscure. In modern Finnish, noki means soot, and nokia is an inflected plural, although this form of the word is rarely if ever used. The most common theory claims the name actually originates from the archaic Finnish word nois (pl. nokia) or nokinäätä ("soot marten"), meaning sable.[6] After the sable was hunted to extinction in Finland, the word was applied to any dark-coated fur animal, such as the marten, which are found in the area to this day. The sable is enshrined on the Nokia coat of arms. However, later research has appeared to indicate that sables never inhabited Finland in the first place, and the name nois may actually refer to the beaver.[7][8] The coat of arms was designed by Gustaf von Numers and was confirmed on October 25, 1951.[9]
History
The first literary reference to Nokia is in a 1505 document, which mentions two farms Stoora och Lilla Nokia, Swedish for "Big and Little Nokia". The Nokia manor was formed out of these two farms. The area was a part of the Pirkkala parish.[11]
Nokia was the setting of one of the largest battles in the Club War, a 1596 peasant uprising against feudal lords. The peasants, armed with clubs, took up residence in Nokia Manor and won several skirmishes against the feudal cavalry, but were decisively defeated by Klaus Fleming on 1–2 January 1597. Thousands of clubmen were slain and their leader Jaakko Ilkka, who had fled, was captured a few weeks later and executed. The Club War was the last major peasant revolt in Finland, and it permanently consolidated the hold of the nation-state. Much later, in the Finnish Civil War (1918), Nokia (along with neighbouring Tampere) was a stronghold for the Red Guards and saw some combat.
In 1922, Suur-Pirkkala was split into Pohjois- and Etelä-Pirkkala (Northern and Southern). Nokia used to reach out to the current heart of Tampere, as the Pispala area was part of Nokia (Pohjois-Pirkkala) until 1937. In 1938 Pohjois-Pirkkala was renamed Nokia while Etelä-Pirkkala became simply Pirkkala. Two municipalities have been consolidated with Nokia: Suoniemi in 1973 and Tottijärvi in 1976. Nokia was designated as a city in 1977.
Industrial history
This section needs additional citations for verification. (July 2011) |
The eponymous telecommunications giant Nokia was founded by Fredrik Idestam in 1865 as a pulp mill. The Finnish Rubber Works Ltd (Suomen Gummitehdas Oy) (founded 1898) set up a factory in Nokia in 1904. These two companies and the Cable Company Ltd (Kaapelitehdas Oy) amalgamated in 1967 forming Nokia Corporation. Different branches of this conglomerate were split into several companies or sold off around 1990. The rubber works still operate in Nokia as Nokian Tyres and the paper mill as Essity. See History of Nokia for further details.
The telecommunication company Nokia no longer has any operations in the city of Nokia. Despite the company having been founded in Nokia, the headquarters were moved to Espoo, and the main factories are in Salo, both nearly 200 kilometres south of Nokia. The only current presence of the company in the city is the Nokia mansion, which is sometimes used for private parties for the company's executive staff. The city has repeatedly been asked to commemorate the company it gave birth to, but it has always declined, on the grounds that mobile phones were never produced there.[12]
Nokia does have engineering and design facilities 15 kilometres away in nearby Tampere.
Present
Today's Nokia is famous for its spa, factory shops, waterways, and events. Nokia also enjoys good road and air connections. The largest companies are AGCO Power, Nokian Tyres, Purso, Patria Aviation and Essity paper mill. From a religious perspective, Nokia is best known for the charismatic Nokia Revival which began in 1990. Nokia is also known for its own fast food cuisine, Kuuma koira.[a] and as a home town of Nokian Brewery. Due to the closeness of Tampere studio facilities, Nokia has been also used as a filming location. For example, Eric Sykes' The Big Freeze and Finnish TV production Korpelan Kujanjuoksu have been prominently filmed there.
Demographics
The following graph shows the population development of the town since 1964.
Notable natives and residents
- Markku Aro – singer
- Marko Asell – Olympic wrestler
- Roope Hintz – ice hockey player
- Kikka – pop singer
- Otto Koivula – ice hockey player
- Toivo Kärki – composer, musician, producer and arranger was born in Pirkkala, in an area which is now Nokia
- Jari Niemi – football player
- Kari Peitsamo – musician
- Tapio Rautavaara – athlete, musician, and actor was born in Pirkkala, in an area which is now Nokia
- Elsa Rautee – poet
- Anssi Salmela – ice hockey player
- Sami Sandell – ice hockey player
- Juuso Välimäki – ice hockey player
- Sami Välimäki – professional golfer
Statistics
| SES | Employers |
|---|---|
| Entrepreneurs altogether | 954 |
| Higher officials | 1322 |
| Lower officials | 3137 |
| Farm workers | 49 |
| Industrial workers | 2731 |
| Other production workers | 802 |
Distances to the other cities and towns
Twin towns – sister cities
Gallery
Lake Pyhäjärvi seen from Nokia
Siuronkoski dam
Vihola marina
Nokia church
Nokian lukio (high school)
See also
- Finnish national road 11
- Ikaalinen, another spa town in the Pirkanmaa region
- Nokia railway station
- Nokia water crisis
- Siuro, a village in Nokia
Notes
References
- ^ "Area of Finnish Municipalities 1.1.2018" (PDF). National Land Survey of Finland. Retrieved 30 January 2018.
- ^ "Preliminary population structure by area, 2022M01*-2023M02*". StatFin (in Finnish). Statistics Finland. Retrieved 4 April 2023.
- ^ "Population according to language and the number of foreigners and land area km2 by area as of 31 December 2008". Statistics Finland's PX-Web databases. Statistics Finland. Retrieved 29 March 2009.
- ^ a b c d e "Population according to age (1-year) and sex by area and the regional division of each statistical reference year, 2003–2020". StatFin. Statistics Finland. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
- ^ "List of municipal and parish tax rates in 2021" (PDF). Tax Administration of Finland. 1 December 2020. Retrieved 10 April 2021.
- ^ Matti Helminen (18 February 2008). (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 19 February 2007.
- ^ Larry Huldén: Oliko soopeli karjalainen turkiseläin? Viipurin läänin historia II. Jyväskylä 2004 (in Finnish).
- ^ http://www.kotus.fi/index.phtml?s=2269 Nokian ja rahan vaha yhteys (in Finnish).
- ^ Suomen kunnallisvaakunat (in Finnish). Suomen Kunnallisliitto. 1982. p. 124. ISBN 951-773-085-3.
- ^ Kauniaisten ja Kuljun kartanot – Museovirasto (in Finnish)
- ^ "SuomalainenPaikannimikirja_e-kirja_kuvallinen.pdf" (PDF). kaino.kotus.fi (in Finnish). p. 291. Retrieved December 28, 2022.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Aamulehti weekend supplement, August 18–19, 2007
- ^ "Väestö kielen mukaan sekä ulkomaan kansalaisten määrä ja maa-pinta-ala alueittain 1980 – 2016" (in Finnish). Statistics Finland. March 29, 2017. Retrieved October 26, 2021.
- ^ Kaisu-Maija Nenonen & Ilkka Teerijoki (1998). Historian suursanakirja (in Finnish). WSOY. ISBN 951-0-22044-2.
- ^ The information is based on the 1995 census. Statistics Finland, September 25, 2006
- ^ "Ystävyyskaupunkitoiminta" (in Finnish). City of Nokia. Retrieved 3 September 2019.
External links
- – Official Website
- Nokia travel guide from Wikivoyage