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Neuronal calcium sensor-1

February 16, 2024

Neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1) also known as frequenin homolog (Drosophila) (freq) is a protein that is encoded by the FREQ gene in humans.[5] NCS-1 is a member of the neuronal calcium sensor family,[6] a class of EF hand containing calcium-myristoyl-switch proteins.[7]

NCS1
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesNCS1, FLUP, FREQ, neuronal calcium sensor 1
External IDsOMIM: 603315 MGI: 109166 HomoloGene: 5719 GeneCards: NCS1
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

23413

14299

Ensembl

ENSG00000107130

ENSMUSG00000062661

UniProt

P62166

Q8BNY6

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_014286
NM_001128826

NM_019681

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001122298
NP_055101

NP_062655

Location (UCSC)Chr 9: 130.17 – 130.24 MbChr 2: 31.14 – 31.19 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Function edit

NCS-1 regulates synaptic transmission,[8] helps control the dynamics of nerve terminal growth,[9][10][8] is critical for some forms of learning and memory in C. elegans[11] and mammals,[12] regulates corticohippocampal plasticity; and enhancing levels of NCS-1 in the mouse dentate gyrus increases spontaneous exploration of safe environments,[12] potentially linking NCS-1 to curiosity.[13]

NCS-1 is a calcium sensor, not a calcium buffer (chelator); thus it is a high-affinity, low-capacity, calcium-binding protein.

Frq can substitute for calmodulin in some situations. It is thought to be associated with neuronal secretory vesicles and regulate neurosecretion.

  1. It is the Ca2+-sensing subunit of the yeast phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns)-4-OH kinase, PIK1
  2. It binds to many proteins, some in calcium dependent and some in calcium independent ways, and switches many of the targets "on" (some off).
    1. Calcineurin (protein phosphatase 2B)
    2. GRK2 (G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2)
    3. D2 dopamine receptor
    4. IL1RAPL1 (interleukin-1 receptor accessory protein-like 1 protein)
    5. PI4KIIIβ (type III phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase β)
    6. IP3 receptor (this activity is inhibited by lithium - a drug used for the treatment of bipolar disorder)[14]
    7. 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases
    8. ARF1 (ADP Ribosylation factor 1)
    9. A type (Kv4.3; Shal-related subfamily, member 3) voltage-gated potassium channels
    10. Nitric oxide synthase
    11. TRPC5 channel[15]
    12. Ric8a[16]
  3. Frq modulates Ca2+ entry through a functional interaction with the α1 voltage-gated Ca2+-channel subunit.[8]

Structure edit

NCS-1 is a globular protein consisting of ten alpha-helices. Four pairs of alpha-helices each form independent 12-amino-acid loops containing a negatively charged calcium binding domain known as an EF-hand. However, only three of these EF hands are functional (the most N-terminal EF-hand does not bind calcium). They could be occupied not only by calcium but also by magnesium and zinc ions.[17] NCS-1 also contains at least two known protein binding domains, and a large surface exposed hydrophobic crevice containing EF-hands three and four. There is a myristoylation motif at the N-terminus that presumably allows NCS-1 to associate with lipid membranes.

Clinical significance edit

The expression of NCS-1 increases in bipolar disorder and some forms of schizophrenia[18] and decreases in inflammatory bowel disease.[19] NCS-1 has also been linked with Autism.[20] In addition NCS-1 is significant in intelligence in creating curiosity by its function on dopamine D2 receptors in the dentate gyrus, increasing memory for complex tasks.[21]

History edit

NCS-1 was originally discovered in Drosophila as a gain-of-function mutation associated with frequency-dependent increases in neurotransmission.[22] A role in neurotransmission was later confirmed in Drosophila using frq null mutants.[8] Work in bovine chromaffin cells demonstrated that NCS-1 is also a modulator of neurotransmission in mammals.[23] The designation 'NCS-1' came from the assumption that the protein was expressed only in neuronal cell types, which is not the case.[24]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000107130 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000062661 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Bourne Y, Dannenberg J, Pollmann V, Marchot P, Pongs O (April 2001). "Immunocytochemical localization and crystal structure of human frequenin (neuronal calcium sensor 1)". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (15): 11949–55. doi:10.1074/jbc.M009373200. PMID 11092894.
  6. ^ Burgoyne RD (2007). "Neuronal calcium sensor proteins: generating diversity in neuronal Ca2+ signalling". Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 8 (3): 182–193. doi:10.1038/nrn2093. PMC 1887812. PMID 17311005.
  7. ^ Burgoyne RD, O'Callaghan DW, Hasdemir B, Haynes LP, Tepikin AV (2004). "Neuronal Ca2+-sensor proteins: multitalented regulators of neuronal function". Trends Neurosci. 27 (4): 203–9. doi:10.1016/j.tins.2004.01.010. PMID 15046879. S2CID 24156457.
  8. ^ a b c d Dason JS, Romero-Pozuelo J, Marin L, Iyengar BG, Klose MK, Ferrus A, Atwood HL (2009). "Frequenin/NCS-1 and the Ca2+-channel {alpha}1-subunit co-regulate synaptic transmission and nerve-terminal growth". Journal of Cell Science. 122 (22): 4109–4121. doi:10.1242/jcs.055095. PMID 19861494. S2CID 2663472.
  9. ^ Romero-Pozuelo J, Dason JS, Atwood HL, Ferrus A (2007). "Chronic and acute alterations in the functional levels of Frequenins 1 and 2 reveal their roles in synaptic transmission and axon terminal morphology". European Journal of Neuroscience. 26 (9): 2428–2443. doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05877.x. hdl:10261/72998. PMID 17970740. S2CID 11989516.
  10. ^ Hui K, Fei GH, Saab BJ, Su J, Roder JC, Feng ZP (2007). "Neuronal calcium sensor-1 modulation of optimal calcium level for neurite outgrowth". Development. 134 (24): 4479–4489. doi:10.1242/dev.008979. PMID 18039973.
  11. ^ Gomez M, De Castro E, Guarin E, Sasakura H, Kuhara A, Mori I, Bartfai T, Bargmann CI, Nef P (2001). "Ca2+ signaling via the neuronal calcium sensor-1 regulates associative learning and memory in C. elegans". Neuron. 30 (1): 241–8. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(01)00276-8. PMID 11343658. S2CID 9413106.
  12. ^ a b Saab BJ, Georgiou J, Nath A, Lee FJ, Wang M, Michalon A, Liu F, Mansuy IM, Roder JC (2009). "NCS-1 in the dentate gyrus promotes exploration, synaptic plasticity, and rapid acquisition of spatial memory". Neuron. 63 (5): 643–56. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2009.08.014. PMID 19755107. S2CID 5321020.
  13. ^ McDermott M (September 14, 2009). "Researchers discover the first-ever link between intelligence and curiosity". PHYS ORG. Retrieved 21 September 2012.
  14. ^ Schlecker C, Boehmerle W, Jeromin A, DeGray B, Varshney A, Sharma Y, Szigeti-Buck K, Ehrlich BE (2006). "Neuronal calcium sensor-1 enhancement of InsP3 receptor activity is inhibited by therapeutic levels of lithium". J. Clin. Invest. 116 (6): 1668–74. doi:10.1172/JCI22466. PMC 1459068. PMID 16691292.
  15. ^ Hui H, McHugh D, Hannan M, Zeng F, Xu SZ, Khan SU, Levenson R, Beech DJ, Weiss JL (April 2006). "Calcium-sensing mechanism in TRPC5 channels contributing to retardation of neurite outgrowth". J. Physiol. 572 (Pt 1): 165–72. doi:10.1113/jphysiol.2005.102889. PMC 1779652. PMID 16469785.
  16. ^ Romero-Pozuelo J, Dason JS, Mansilla A, Baños-Mateos S, Sardina JL, Chaves-Sanjuán A, Jurado-Gómez J, Santana E, Atwood HL, Hernández-Hernández A, Sánchez-Barrena MJ, Ferrús A (2014). "The guanine-exchange factor Ric8a binds to the Ca2+ sensor NCS-1 to regulate synapse number and neurotransmitter release". Journal of Cell Science. 127 (19): 4246–4259. doi:10.1242/jcs.152603. hdl:10261/167910. PMID 25074811.
  17. ^ Tsvetkov PO, Roman AY, Baksheeva VE, Nazipova AA, Shevelyova MP, Vladimirov VI, Buyanova MF, Zinchenko DV, Zamyatnin AA, Devred F, Golovin AV, Permyakov SE, Zernii EY (2018). "Functional Status of Neuronal Calcium Sensor-1 Is Modulated by Zinc Binding" (PDF). Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience. 11: 459. doi:10.3389/fnmol.2018.00459. PMC 6302015. PMID 30618610.
  18. ^ Koh PO, Undie AS, Kabbani N, Levenson R, Goldman-Rakic PS, Lidow MS (2003). "Up-regulation of neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1) in the prefrontal cortex of schizophrenic and bipolar patients". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 100 (1): 313–7. Bibcode:2003PNAS..100..313K. doi:10.1073/pnas.232693499. PMC 140961. PMID 12496348.
  19. ^ Lourenssen S, Jeromin A, Roder J, Blennerhassett MG (2002). "Intestinal inflammation modulates expression of the synaptic vesicle protein neuronal calcium sensor-1". Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 282 (6): G1097–104. doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00320.2001. PMID 12016136. S2CID 42387548.
  20. ^ Handley MT, Lian LY, Haynes LP, Burgoyne RD (2010). "Structural and functional deficits in a neuronal calcium sensor-1 mutant identified in a case of autistic spectrum disorder". PLOS ONE. 5 (5): e10534. Bibcode:2010PLoSO...510534H. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0010534. PMC 2866544. PMID 20479890.
  21. ^ McDermott M. "Researchers discover the first-ever link between intelligence and curiosity". medicalxpress.com. Retrieved 31 January 2024.
  22. ^ Pongs O, Lindemeier J, Zhu XR, Theil T, Engelkamp D, Krah-Jentgens I, Lambrecht HG, Koch KW, Schwemer J, Rivosecchi R, Mallart A, Galceran J, Canal I, Barbas A, Ferrus A (1993). "Frequenin--a novel calcium-binding protein that modulates synaptic efficacy in the Drosophila nervous system". Neuron. 11 (1): 15–28. doi:10.1016/0896-6273(93)90267-U. PMID 8101711. S2CID 30422835.
  23. ^ McFerran BW, Weiss JL, Burgoyne RD (October 1999). "Neuronal Ca(2+) sensor 1. Characterization of the myristoylated protein, its cellular effects in permeabilized adrenal chromaffin cells, Ca(2+)-independent membrane association, and interaction with binding proteins, suggesting a role in rapid Ca(2+) signal transduction". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (42): 30258–65. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.42.30258. PMID 10514519.
  24. ^ Nef S, Fiumelli H, de Castro E, Raes MB, Nef P (1995). "Identification of neuronal calcium sensor (NCS-1) possibly involved in the regulation of receptor phosphorylation". J. Recept. Signal Transduct. Res. 15 (1–4): 365–78. doi:10.3109/10799899509045227. PMID 8903951.

Further reading edit

  • Dason JS, Romero-Pozuelo J, Atwood HL, Ferrús A (April 2012). "Multiple roles for frequenin/NCS-1 in synaptic function and development". Mol. Neurobiol. 45 (2): 388–402. doi:10.1007/s12035-012-8250-4. hdl:10261/60667. PMID 22396213. S2CID 12709387.
  • Weiss JL, Hui H, Burgoyne RD (November 2010). "Neuronal calcium sensor-1 regulation of calcium channels, secretion, and neuronal outgrowth". Cell. Mol. Neurobiol. 30 (8): 1283–92. doi:10.1007/s10571-010-9588-7. PMID 21104311. S2CID 2270302.

External links edit

  • NCS proteins

February 16, 2024
neuronal, calcium, sensor, also, known, frequenin, homolog, drosophila, freq, protein, that, encoded, freq, gene, humans, member, neuronal, calcium, sensor, family, class, hand, containing, calcium, myristoyl, switch, proteins, ncs1available, structurespdborth. Neuronal calcium sensor 1 NCS 1 also known as frequenin homolog Drosophila freq is a protein that is encoded by the FREQ gene in humans 5 NCS 1 is a member of the neuronal calcium sensor family 6 a class of EF hand containing calcium myristoyl switch proteins 7 NCS1Available structuresPDBOrtholog search PDBe RCSBList of PDB id codes4GUK 1G8I 2LCP 5AER 5AFP 5AEQIdentifiersAliasesNCS1 FLUP FREQ neuronal calcium sensor 1External IDsOMIM 603315 MGI 109166 HomoloGene 5719 GeneCards NCS1Gene location Human Chr Chromosome 9 human 1 Band9q34 11Start130 172 404 bp 1 End130 237 303 bp 1 Gene location Mouse Chr Chromosome 2 mouse 2 Band2 2 BStart31 135 835 bp 2 End31 186 001 bp 2 RNA expression patternBgeeHumanMouse ortholog Top expressed innucleus accumbensamygdaladorsolateral prefrontal cortexpostcentral gyrusBrodmann area 9prefrontal cortexcaudate nucleushippocampus propersuperior frontal gyrusputamenTop expressed insuperior frontal gyrusnucleus accumbensmedial geniculate nucleussubiculummedial dorsal nucleusdorsomedial hypothalamic nucleusolfactory tuberclecerebellar cortexhabenulaventral tegmental areaMore reference expression dataBioGPSn aGene ontologyMolecular functioncalcium ion binding voltage gated calcium channel activity metal ion binding protein binding magnesium ion binding protein kinase binding voltage gated calcium channel activity involved in regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium levelsCellular componentcytoplasm cytosol postsynaptic membrane Golgi apparatus membrane postsynaptic density intracellular membrane bounded organelle plasma membrane synapse axon cell junction dendrite perinuclear region of cytoplasm dense core granule cytoplasmic vesicle calyx of Held postsynapse glutamatergic synapse presynaptic cytosol postsynaptic cytosolBiological processregulation of neuron projection development calcium ion transmembrane transport positive regulation of exocytosis phosphatidylinositol mediated signaling regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis regulation of presynaptic cytosolic calcium ion concentrationSources Amigo QuickGOOrthologsSpeciesHumanMouseEntrez2341314299EnsemblENSG00000107130ENSMUSG00000062661UniProtP62166Q8BNY6RefSeq mRNA NM 014286NM 001128826NM 019681RefSeq protein NP 001122298NP 055101NP 062655Location UCSC Chr 9 130 17 130 24 MbChr 2 31 14 31 19 MbPubMed search 3 4 WikidataView Edit HumanView Edit Mouse Contents 1 Function 2 Structure 3 Clinical significance 4 History 5 References 6 Further reading 7 External linksFunction editNCS 1 regulates synaptic transmission 8 helps control the dynamics of nerve terminal growth 9 10 8 is critical for some forms of learning and memory in C elegans 11 and mammals 12 regulates corticohippocampal plasticity and enhancing levels of NCS 1 in the mouse dentate gyrus increases spontaneous exploration of safe environments 12 potentially linking NCS 1 to curiosity 13 NCS 1 is a calcium sensor not a calcium buffer chelator thus it is a high affinity low capacity calcium binding protein Frq can substitute for calmodulin in some situations It is thought to be associated with neuronal secretory vesicles and regulate neurosecretion It is the Ca2 sensing subunit of the yeast phosphatidylinositol PtdIns 4 OH kinase PIK1 It binds to many proteins some in calcium dependent and some in calcium independent ways and switches many of the targets on some off Calcineurin protein phosphatase 2B GRK2 G protein coupled receptor kinase 2 D2 dopamine receptor IL1RAPL1 interleukin 1 receptor accessory protein like 1 protein PI4KIIIb type III phosphatidylinositol 4 kinase b IP3 receptor this activity is inhibited by lithium a drug used for the treatment of bipolar disorder 14 3 5 cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases ARF1 ADP Ribosylation factor 1 A type Kv4 3 Shal related subfamily member 3 voltage gated potassium channels Nitric oxide synthase TRPC5 channel 15 Ric8a 16 Frq modulates Ca2 entry through a functional interaction with the a1 voltage gated Ca2 channel subunit 8 Structure editNCS 1 is a globular protein consisting of ten alpha helices Four pairs of alpha helices each form independent 12 amino acid loops containing a negatively charged calcium binding domain known as an EF hand However only three of these EF hands are functional the most N terminal EF hand does not bind calcium They could be occupied not only by calcium but also by magnesium and zinc ions 17 NCS 1 also contains at least two known protein binding domains and a large surface exposed hydrophobic crevice containing EF hands three and four There is a myristoylation motif at the N terminus that presumably allows NCS 1 to associate with lipid membranes Clinical significance editThe expression of NCS 1 increases in bipolar disorder and some forms of schizophrenia 18 and decreases in inflammatory bowel disease 19 NCS 1 has also been linked with Autism 20 In addition NCS 1 is significant in intelligence in creating curiosity by its function on dopamine D2 receptors in the dentate gyrus increasing memory for complex tasks 21 History editNCS 1 was originally discovered in Drosophila as a gain of function mutation associated with frequency dependent increases in neurotransmission 22 A role in neurotransmission was later confirmed in Drosophila using frq null mutants 8 Work in bovine chromaffin cells demonstrated that NCS 1 is also a modulator of neurotransmission in mammals 23 The designation NCS 1 came from the assumption that the protein was expressed only in neuronal cell types which is not the case 24 References edit a b c GRCh38 Ensembl release 89 ENSG00000107130 Ensembl May 2017 a b c GRCm38 Ensembl release 89 ENSMUSG00000062661 Ensembl May 2017 Human PubMed Reference National Center for Biotechnology Information U S National Library of Medicine Mouse PubMed Reference National Center for Biotechnology Information U S National Library of Medicine Bourne Y Dannenberg J Pollmann V Marchot P Pongs O April 2001 Immunocytochemical localization and crystal structure of human frequenin neuronal calcium sensor 1 J Biol Chem 276 15 11949 55 doi 10 1074 jbc M009373200 PMID 11092894 Burgoyne RD 2007 Neuronal calcium sensor proteins generating diversity in neuronal Ca2 signalling Nat Rev Neurosci 8 3 182 193 doi 10 1038 nrn2093 PMC 1887812 PMID 17311005 Burgoyne RD O Callaghan DW Hasdemir B Haynes LP Tepikin AV 2004 Neuronal Ca2 sensor proteins multitalented regulators of neuronal function Trends Neurosci 27 4 203 9 doi 10 1016 j tins 2004 01 010 PMID 15046879 S2CID 24156457 a b c d Dason JS Romero Pozuelo J Marin L Iyengar BG Klose MK Ferrus A Atwood HL 2009 Frequenin NCS 1 and the Ca2 channel alpha 1 subunit co regulate synaptic transmission and nerve terminal growth Journal of Cell Science 122 22 4109 4121 doi 10 1242 jcs 055095 PMID 19861494 S2CID 2663472 Romero Pozuelo J Dason JS Atwood HL Ferrus A 2007 Chronic and acute alterations in the functional levels of Frequenins 1 and 2 reveal their roles in synaptic transmission and axon terminal morphology European Journal of Neuroscience 26 9 2428 2443 doi 10 1111 j 1460 9568 2007 05877 x hdl 10261 72998 PMID 17970740 S2CID 11989516 Hui K Fei GH Saab BJ Su J Roder JC Feng ZP 2007 Neuronal calcium sensor 1 modulation of optimal calcium level for neurite outgrowth Development 134 24 4479 4489 doi 10 1242 dev 008979 PMID 18039973 Gomez M De Castro E Guarin E Sasakura H Kuhara A Mori I Bartfai T Bargmann CI Nef P 2001 Ca2 signaling via the neuronal calcium sensor 1 regulates associative learning and memory in C elegans Neuron 30 1 241 8 doi 10 1016 S0896 6273 01 00276 8 PMID 11343658 S2CID 9413106 a b Saab BJ Georgiou J Nath A Lee FJ Wang M Michalon A Liu F Mansuy IM Roder JC 2009 NCS 1 in the dentate gyrus promotes exploration synaptic plasticity and rapid acquisition of spatial memory Neuron 63 5 643 56 doi 10 1016 j neuron 2009 08 014 PMID 19755107 S2CID 5321020 McDermott M September 14 2009 Researchers discover the first ever link between intelligence and curiosity PHYS ORG Retrieved 21 September 2012 Schlecker C Boehmerle W Jeromin A DeGray B Varshney A Sharma Y Szigeti Buck K Ehrlich BE 2006 Neuronal calcium sensor 1 enhancement of InsP3 receptor activity is inhibited by therapeutic levels of lithium J Clin Invest 116 6 1668 74 doi 10 1172 JCI22466 PMC 1459068 PMID 16691292 Hui H McHugh D Hannan M Zeng F Xu SZ Khan SU Levenson R Beech DJ Weiss JL April 2006 Calcium sensing mechanism in TRPC5 channels contributing to retardation of neurite outgrowth J Physiol 572 Pt 1 165 72 doi 10 1113 jphysiol 2005 102889 PMC 1779652 PMID 16469785 Romero Pozuelo J Dason JS Mansilla A Banos Mateos S Sardina JL Chaves Sanjuan A Jurado Gomez J Santana E Atwood HL Hernandez Hernandez A Sanchez Barrena MJ Ferrus A 2014 The guanine exchange factor Ric8a binds to the Ca2 sensor NCS 1 to regulate synapse number and neurotransmitter release Journal of Cell Science 127 19 4246 4259 doi 10 1242 jcs 152603 hdl 10261 167910 PMID 25074811 Tsvetkov PO Roman AY Baksheeva VE Nazipova AA Shevelyova MP Vladimirov VI Buyanova MF Zinchenko DV Zamyatnin AA Devred F Golovin AV Permyakov SE Zernii EY 2018 Functional Status of Neuronal Calcium Sensor 1 Is Modulated by Zinc Binding PDF Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience 11 459 doi 10 3389 fnmol 2018 00459 PMC 6302015 PMID 30618610 Koh PO Undie AS Kabbani N Levenson R Goldman Rakic PS Lidow MS 2003 Up regulation of neuronal calcium sensor 1 NCS 1 in the prefrontal cortex of schizophrenic and bipolar patients Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100 1 313 7 Bibcode 2003PNAS 100 313K doi 10 1073 pnas 232693499 PMC 140961 PMID 12496348 Lourenssen S Jeromin A Roder J Blennerhassett MG 2002 Intestinal inflammation modulates expression of the synaptic vesicle protein neuronal calcium sensor 1 Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 282 6 G1097 104 doi 10 1152 ajpgi 00320 2001 PMID 12016136 S2CID 42387548 Handley MT Lian LY Haynes LP Burgoyne RD 2010 Structural and functional deficits in a neuronal calcium sensor 1 mutant identified in a case of autistic spectrum disorder PLOS ONE 5 5 e10534 Bibcode 2010PLoSO 510534H doi 10 1371 journal pone 0010534 PMC 2866544 PMID 20479890 McDermott M Researchers discover the first ever link between intelligence and curiosity medicalxpress com Retrieved 31 January 2024 Pongs O Lindemeier J Zhu XR Theil T Engelkamp D Krah Jentgens I Lambrecht HG Koch KW Schwemer J Rivosecchi R Mallart A Galceran J Canal I Barbas A Ferrus A 1993 Frequenin a novel calcium binding protein that modulates synaptic efficacy in the Drosophila nervous system Neuron 11 1 15 28 doi 10 1016 0896 6273 93 90267 U PMID 8101711 S2CID 30422835 McFerran BW Weiss JL Burgoyne RD October 1999 Neuronal Ca 2 sensor 1 Characterization of the myristoylated protein its cellular effects in permeabilized adrenal chromaffin cells Ca 2 independent membrane association and interaction with binding proteins suggesting a role in rapid Ca 2 signal transduction Journal of Biological Chemistry 274 42 30258 65 doi 10 1074 jbc 274 42 30258 PMID 10514519 Nef S Fiumelli H de Castro E Raes MB Nef P 1995 Identification of neuronal calcium sensor NCS 1 possibly involved in the regulation of receptor phosphorylation J Recept Signal Transduct Res 15 1 4 365 78 doi 10 3109 10799899509045227 PMID 8903951 Further reading editDason JS Romero Pozuelo J Atwood HL Ferrus A April 2012 Multiple roles for frequenin NCS 1 in synaptic function and development Mol Neurobiol 45 2 388 402 doi 10 1007 s12035 012 8250 4 hdl 10261 60667 PMID 22396213 S2CID 12709387 Weiss JL Hui H Burgoyne RD November 2010 Neuronal calcium sensor 1 regulation of calcium channels secretion and neuronal outgrowth Cell Mol Neurobiol 30 8 1283 92 doi 10 1007 s10571 010 9588 7 PMID 21104311 S2CID 2270302 External links editSignaling gateway NCS proteins Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Neuronal calcium sensor 1 amp oldid 1201559291, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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