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Nature reserves in Jordan

January 25, 2023

There are at least seven nature reserves in Jordan. In 1966, the organization that would later start Jordan's nature reserves, the Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature, was founded. RSCN's first efforts involved bringing back severely endangered species. In 1973, RSCN, was given the right to issue hunting licenses, giving RSCN an upper hand in preventing extinction. The first step was the founding of Jordan's first nature reserve, Shaumari Wildlife Reserve, in 1975. The primary purpose was to create means to breed endangered species, specifically: the Arabian oryx, gazelles, ostriches and Persian onagers in their natural environment.

Approximate locations of the first six reserves

In 1994, shortly after Dana Biosphere Reserve was established, RSCN began its Research and Survey section, made up of experienced researchers with the primary goal of collecting information at the reserves needed to create a sustainable living environment for wild animals through scientific research. Shortly thereafter, Wild Jordan was created as a business branch of RSCN dealing with socio-economic projects. In 1999, RSCN started a training program to build local and regional skill in conserving nature. RSCN raised more awareness in 2005 with a "Save Jordan's Trees" campaign. Jordan's sixth and latest nature reserve, Dibeen Forest Reserve, was created in 2004, cementing 1,200 square kilometres (463 sq mi) of protected natural landscape throughout Jordan.[1]

Fifa Nature Reserve was designated in 2011. In 2018 Burqu, Dahek, and Dmeitha nature reserves were designated.

Additional nature reserves and sites for preservation have been proposed.[2][3]

Reserves

Reserve Location Size Date established Notes
Ajloun Forest Reserve Northwest 13 square kilometres (5 sq mi) 1988[4]
Azraq Wetland Reserve Northeast 12 square kilometres (5 sq mi) 1978 Only wetland reserve in Jordan[5]
Burqu Nature Reserve Northeast 906.44 square kilometres (350 sq mi) 2018[6]
Dana Biosphere Reserve South-central 320 square kilometres (124 sq mi) 1993 Largest nature reserve in Jordan[7]
Dahek Nature Reserve Northeast 265.42 square kilometres (102 sq mi) 2018[8]
Dibeen Forest Reserve Northwest 8.5 square kilometres (3 sq mi) 2004 Smallest reserve in Jordan[9]
Dmeitha Nature Reserve Northeast 2018[10]
Fifa Nature Reserve Southwest 23.2 square kilometres (9 sq mi) 2011[11]
Mujib Nature Reserve Eastern shore of the Dead Sea 220 square kilometres (85 sq mi) 1987 Lowest nature reserve in the world[12]
Qatar Nature Reserve Southwest 109.94 square kilometres (42 sq mi) 2011[13]
Shaumari Wildlife Reserve Northeast 22 square kilometres (8 sq mi) 1975[5]

Ajloun Reserve

 
Ajloun forest

Ajloun Forest Reserve is in north Jordan, near Jerash and Ajloun, and close to the Ajloun Castle. The reserve consists of rolling hills in a Mediterranean-like environment, covered in evergreen oaks, as well as strawberry and pistachio trees, among others. Stone martens, jackals, red foxes, striped hyenas, Persian squirrels, porcupines, and wolves inhabit this area. Privately owned lands surrounding the reserve pose threats, including illegitimate access to the reserve, resulting in illegal hunting, woodcutting, and grazing. Cooperation with local inhabitants has resulted in increased awareness in the community regarding the preservation of the forest.[14]

Azraq Wetland Reserve

 
Azraq wetland

The Azraq Wetlands, located in Jordan's eastern desert near the town of Azraq, is RSCN's only wetlands reserve. The reserve, once a popular stopover for millions of migratory birds going from Africa to Eurasia, is now severely depleted due to over-pumping to support Jordan's growing population. In 1978, the reserve was established as an effort to conserve the oasis. Between 1981 and 1993, water levels decreased sharply, concluding with the drying up of the springs in 1992. Azraq today only makes up 0.04% of its former size. Water levels are maintained by RSCN in order to save indigenous fish species such as the Azraq Killfish and to keep the site a tourist destination. Efforts have been partially successful; some birds have returned and killfish have increased in numbers, but attempts to increase the water mass by 10% of the original size have been unsuccessful. Water pumping and lack of manpower and wetland experience keep water levels at a low.[15]

Burqu Nature Reserve

Burqu Nature Reserve was designated in 2018. It covers an area of 906.44 km2 in the northeastern portion of the country, centred on Qasr Burqu'.

Dana Biosphere Reserve

 
Dana Gorge

Dana Biosphere Reserve, often simply called Dana Nature Reserve, is located in and around the town of Dana in the mountains east of Wadi Araba. The geography of the reserve is characterized by steep cliffs in rocky wadis covered by small trees and shrubs. The varied geology switches from limestone to sandstone to granite. Some illegal activities such as grazing and woodcutting continue. Illegal hunting threatens ibex and chukar populations.[16]

Dibeen Forest Reserve

 
Vista in Dibeen

Dibeen Forest, close to the ancient Roman city of Jerash, was established in 2004. The forest is a pine-oak habitat, housing the Aleppo pine and marking the geographical limit of this type of forest. Animal inhabitants such as the Persian squirrel were main reasons for the establishment of the reserve and were considered top priority. Strawberry, pistachio, and wild olive trees also grow in the reserve. Trash, notably plastic, presents a major problem in the reserve, often the result of careless visitors.[9]

Fifa Nature Reserve

On July 13, 2011, the Fifa Nature Reserve was officially declared. It is located in the south-western part of Jordan. The reserve has an area of 23.2 km2. In part lying well below sea level, the reserve contains the salt plant pattern and the tropical plant pattern.[11]

Wadi Mujib

 
Wadi Mujib

Mujib Nature Reserve, commonly known as Wadi Mujib, is a long canyon feeding the Dead Sea running through the ancient region of Moab and the lowest nature reserve in the world. Directly east of the Dead Sea, Wadi Mujib is made up by a network of freshwater streams, making an otherwise arid area more fertile. The lush riverbeds provide support for aquatic plants. As well as containing 300 species of plants, Wadi Mujib contains at least 10 species of carnivores and other animals, including the hyrax, badger, and the Nubian ibex which was reintroduced into the wild by RSCN. Illegal hunting continues to impede efforts to reach a sustainable number of wild ibexes.[17]

Shaumari Reserve

 
Reeds in Shaumari

Shaumari Wildlife Reserve is located in the eastern Jordanian desert, close to Azraq Wetland Reserve. The geology comprises desert wadis making up 65% of the area and Hammada areas covered in black flint forming 35% of the reserve. Founded in 1975, Shaumari was founded for the wildlife in the desert area. One of the main goals of the reserve has been to bring back locally extinct species, notably the Arabian oryx, into the wild. In 1978, 4 Arabian oryxs were brought to the reserve for a breeding program. Starting in 1983, 31 oryxs were released into the wild, successfully returning the oryx into its native environment. Other species, such as Somali ostriches, Persian onagers and gazelles reside in the reserve. Before the establishment of the reserve, hunting nearly annihilated local animal populations, a problem which RSCN has been successful in dealing with.[18]

Future

The Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature has expressed interest in creating up to five additional nature reserves in Jordan.[19][20]

  • Abu Rukbeh
  • Aqaba Mountains
  • Bayer
  • Rajel
  • Shoubak

Other sites were mentioned in two reports issued in 1979 and 1998 on the feasibility of new reserve sites around the country.[3][19]

  • Al Khayouf
  • Al Ma'wa
  • Birket Al Arayes
  • Jabal Mas'uda
  • Jarba
  • Jordan River
  • Rahmma
  • Swaimeh and Homret Maeen
  • Yarmouk River
  • Ziglab Dam

References

  1. ^ . Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature. Archived from the original on 2010-06-08. Retrieved 2009-06-15.
  2. ^ . Royal Society for the Conservation for Nature. 2008. Archived from the original on 2009-05-03. Retrieved 2009-06-16.
  3. ^ a b . Royal Society for the Conservation for Nature. 2008. Archived from the original on 2015-04-20. Retrieved 2009-06-16.
  4. ^ . Jordan Jubilee. Archived from the original on 2009-03-03. Retrieved 2009-04-09.
  5. ^ a b . Jordan Jubilee. Archived from the original on 2009-05-03. Retrieved 2009-04-09.
  6. ^ UNEP-WCMC (2020). Protected Area Profile for Burqu Nature Reserve from the World Database of Protected Areas, October 2020. Available at: www.protectedplanet.net
  7. ^ . Jordan Jubilee. Archived from the original on 2017-05-15. Retrieved 2009-04-09.
  8. ^ UNEP-WCMC (2020). Protected Area Profile for Dahek Nature Reserve from the World Database of Protected Areas, October 2020. Available at: www.protectedplanet.net
  9. ^ a b . Jordan Society for the Conservation of Nature. 2008. Archived from the original on 2008-06-24. Retrieved 2008-06-25.
  10. ^ UNEP-WCMC (2020). Protected Area Profile for Dmeitha Nature Reserve from the World Database of Protected Areas, October 2020. Available at: www.protectedplanet.net
  11. ^ a b . Archived from the original on 2014-12-24. Retrieved 2014-12-24., accessed 2014-11-02
  12. ^ . Jordan Jubilee. 2000. Archived from the original on 2017-01-27. Retrieved 2009-04-04.
  13. ^ UNEP-WCMC (2020). Protected Area Profile for Qatar Nature Reserve from the World Database of Protected Areas, October 2020. Available at: www.protectedplanet.net
  14. ^ . Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature. Archived from the original on 2012-07-12. Retrieved 2009-06-14.
  15. ^ . Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature. Archived from the original on 2008-06-24. Retrieved 2009-06-14.
  16. ^ . Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature. Archived from the original on 2011-05-16. Retrieved 2009-06-14.
  17. ^ . Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature. Archived from the original on 2008-06-24. Retrieved 2009-06-14.
  18. ^ . Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature. Archived from the original on 2009-04-30. Retrieved 2009-06-14.
  19. ^ a b UNEP-WCMC (2020). Protected Area Profile for Jordan from the World Database of Protected Areas, October 2020. Available at: www.protectedplanet.net
  20. ^ Taylor, Eddie (March–April 2009). "Protect & Serve". Royal Wings. Royal Jordanian Airlines. pp. 35–37.

External links

  • Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature website

January 25, 2023
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There are at least seven nature reserves in Jordan In 1966 the organization that would later start Jordan s nature reserves the Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature was founded RSCN s first efforts involved bringing back severely endangered species In 1973 RSCN was given the right to issue hunting licenses giving RSCN an upper hand in preventing extinction The first step was the founding of Jordan s first nature reserve Shaumari Wildlife Reserve in 1975 The primary purpose was to create means to breed endangered species specifically the Arabian oryx gazelles ostriches and Persian onagers in their natural environment Approximate locations of the first six reserves In 1994 shortly after Dana Biosphere Reserve was established RSCN began its Research and Survey section made up of experienced researchers with the primary goal of collecting information at the reserves needed to create a sustainable living environment for wild animals through scientific research Shortly thereafter Wild Jordan was created as a business branch of RSCN dealing with socio economic projects In 1999 RSCN started a training program to build local and regional skill in conserving nature RSCN raised more awareness in 2005 with a Save Jordan s Trees campaign Jordan s sixth and latest nature reserve Dibeen Forest Reserve was created in 2004 cementing 1 200 square kilometres 463 sq mi of protected natural landscape throughout Jordan 1 Fifa Nature Reserve was designated in 2011 In 2018 Burqu Dahek and Dmeitha nature reserves were designated Additional nature reserves and sites for preservation have been proposed 2 3 Contents 1 Reserves 1 1 Ajloun Reserve 1 2 Azraq Wetland Reserve 1 3 Burqu Nature Reserve 1 4 Dana Biosphere Reserve 1 5 Dibeen Forest Reserve 1 6 Fifa Nature Reserve 1 7 Wadi Mujib 1 8 Shaumari Reserve 2 Future 3 References 4 External linksReserves EditReserve Location Size Date established NotesAjloun Forest Reserve Northwest 13 square kilometres 5 sq mi 1988 4 Azraq Wetland Reserve Northeast 12 square kilometres 5 sq mi 1978 Only wetland reserve in Jordan 5 Burqu Nature Reserve Northeast 906 44 square kilometres 350 sq mi 2018 6 Dana Biosphere Reserve South central 320 square kilometres 124 sq mi 1993 Largest nature reserve in Jordan 7 Dahek Nature Reserve Northeast 265 42 square kilometres 102 sq mi 2018 8 Dibeen Forest Reserve Northwest 8 5 square kilometres 3 sq mi 2004 Smallest reserve in Jordan 9 Dmeitha Nature Reserve Northeast 2018 10 Fifa Nature Reserve Southwest 23 2 square kilometres 9 sq mi 2011 11 Mujib Nature Reserve Eastern shore of the Dead Sea 220 square kilometres 85 sq mi 1987 Lowest nature reserve in the world 12 Qatar Nature Reserve Southwest 109 94 square kilometres 42 sq mi 2011 13 Shaumari Wildlife Reserve Northeast 22 square kilometres 8 sq mi 1975 5 Ajloun Reserve Edit Ajloun forest Ajloun Forest Reserve is in north Jordan near Jerash and Ajloun and close to the Ajloun Castle The reserve consists of rolling hills in a Mediterranean like environment covered in evergreen oaks as well as strawberry and pistachio trees among others Stone martens jackals red foxes striped hyenas Persian squirrels porcupines and wolves inhabit this area Privately owned lands surrounding the reserve pose threats including illegitimate access to the reserve resulting in illegal hunting woodcutting and grazing Cooperation with local inhabitants has resulted in increased awareness in the community regarding the preservation of the forest 14 Azraq Wetland Reserve Edit Azraq wetland The Azraq Wetlands located in Jordan s eastern desert near the town of Azraq is RSCN s only wetlands reserve The reserve once a popular stopover for millions of migratory birds going from Africa to Eurasia is now severely depleted due to over pumping to support Jordan s growing population In 1978 the reserve was established as an effort to conserve the oasis Between 1981 and 1993 water levels decreased sharply concluding with the drying up of the springs in 1992 Azraq today only makes up 0 04 of its former size Water levels are maintained by RSCN in order to save indigenous fish species such as the Azraq Killfish and to keep the site a tourist destination Efforts have been partially successful some birds have returned and killfish have increased in numbers but attempts to increase the water mass by 10 of the original size have been unsuccessful Water pumping and lack of manpower and wetland experience keep water levels at a low 15 Burqu Nature Reserve Edit Burqu Nature Reserve was designated in 2018 It covers an area of 906 44 km2 in the northeastern portion of the country centred on Qasr Burqu Dana Biosphere Reserve Edit Dana Gorge Dana Biosphere Reserve often simply called Dana Nature Reserve is located in and around the town of Dana in the mountains east of Wadi Araba The geography of the reserve is characterized by steep cliffs in rocky wadis covered by small trees and shrubs The varied geology switches from limestone to sandstone to granite Some illegal activities such as grazing and woodcutting continue Illegal hunting threatens ibex and chukar populations 16 Dibeen Forest Reserve Edit Vista in Dibeen Dibeen Forest close to the ancient Roman city of Jerash was established in 2004 The forest is a pine oak habitat housing the Aleppo pine and marking the geographical limit of this type of forest Animal inhabitants such as the Persian squirrel were main reasons for the establishment of the reserve and were considered top priority Strawberry pistachio and wild olive trees also grow in the reserve Trash notably plastic presents a major problem in the reserve often the result of careless visitors 9 Fifa Nature Reserve Edit On July 13 2011 the Fifa Nature Reserve was officially declared It is located in the south western part of Jordan The reserve has an area of 23 2 km2 In part lying well below sea level the reserve contains the salt plant pattern and the tropical plant pattern 11 Wadi Mujib Edit Wadi Mujib Mujib Nature Reserve commonly known as Wadi Mujib is a long canyon feeding the Dead Sea running through the ancient region of Moab and the lowest nature reserve in the world Directly east of the Dead Sea Wadi Mujib is made up by a network of freshwater streams making an otherwise arid area more fertile The lush riverbeds provide support for aquatic plants As well as containing 300 species of plants Wadi Mujib contains at least 10 species of carnivores and other animals including the hyrax badger and the Nubian ibex which was reintroduced into the wild by RSCN Illegal hunting continues to impede efforts to reach a sustainable number of wild ibexes 17 Shaumari Reserve Edit Reeds in Shaumari Shaumari Wildlife Reserve is located in the eastern Jordanian desert close to Azraq Wetland Reserve The geology comprises desert wadis making up 65 of the area and Hammada areas covered in black flint forming 35 of the reserve Founded in 1975 Shaumari was founded for the wildlife in the desert area One of the main goals of the reserve has been to bring back locally extinct species notably the Arabian oryx into the wild In 1978 4 Arabian oryxs were brought to the reserve for a breeding program Starting in 1983 31 oryxs were released into the wild successfully returning the oryx into its native environment Other species such as Somali ostriches Persian onagers and gazelles reside in the reserve Before the establishment of the reserve hunting nearly annihilated local animal populations a problem which RSCN has been successful in dealing with 18 Future EditThe Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature has expressed interest in creating up to five additional nature reserves in Jordan 19 20 Abu Rukbeh Aqaba Mountains Bayer Rajel ShoubakOther sites were mentioned in two reports issued in 1979 and 1998 on the feasibility of new reserve sites around the country 3 19 Al Khayouf Al Ma wa Birket Al Arayes Jabal Mas uda Jarba Jordan River Rahmma Swaimeh and Homret Maeen Yarmouk River Ziglab DamReferences Edit The Full Story Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature Archived from the original on 2010 06 08 Retrieved 2009 06 15 Proposed Protected Areas Royal Society for the Conservation for Nature 2008 Archived from the original on 2009 05 03 Retrieved 2009 06 16 a b Protected Areas Royal Society for the Conservation for Nature 2008 Archived from the original on 2015 04 20 Retrieved 2009 06 16 Nature Reserve of Ajloun Jordan Jubilee Archived from the original on 2009 03 03 Retrieved 2009 04 09 a b Reserves of Azraq and Shaumari Jordan Jubilee Archived from the original on 2009 05 03 Retrieved 2009 04 09 UNEP WCMC 2020 Protected Area Profile for Burqu Nature Reserve from the World Database of Protected Areas October 2020 Available at www protectedplanet net Nature Reserve of Dana Jordan Jubilee Archived from the original on 2017 05 15 Retrieved 2009 04 09 UNEP WCMC 2020 Protected Area Profile for Dahek Nature Reserve from the World Database of Protected Areas October 2020 Available at www protectedplanet net a b Dibeen Forest Reserve Jordan Society for the Conservation of Nature 2008 Archived from the original on 2008 06 24 Retrieved 2008 06 25 UNEP WCMC 2020 Protected Area Profile for Dmeitha Nature Reserve from the World Database of Protected Areas October 2020 Available at www protectedplanet net a b محمية فيفا الطبيعية Archived from the original on 2014 12 24 Retrieved 2014 12 24 accessed 2014 11 02 Wadi Mujib Jordan Jubilee 2000 Archived from the original on 2017 01 27 Retrieved 2009 04 04 UNEP WCMC 2020 Protected Area Profile for Qatar Nature Reserve from the World Database of Protected Areas October 2020 Available at www protectedplanet net Ajloun Forest Reserve Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature Archived from the original on 2012 07 12 Retrieved 2009 06 14 Azraq Wetlands Reserve Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature Archived from the original on 2008 06 24 Retrieved 2009 06 14 Dana Biosphere Reserve Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature Archived from the original on 2011 05 16 Retrieved 2009 06 14 Mujib Nature Reserve Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature Archived from the original on 2008 06 24 Retrieved 2009 06 14 Shaumari Wildlife Reserve Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature Archived from the original on 2009 04 30 Retrieved 2009 06 14 a b UNEP WCMC 2020 Protected Area Profile for Jordan from the World Database of Protected Areas October 2020 Available at www protectedplanet net Taylor Eddie March April 2009 Protect amp Serve Royal Wings Royal Jordanian Airlines pp 35 37 External links Edit Jordan portalRoyal Society for the Conservation of Nature website Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Nature reserves in Jordan amp oldid 1115708868, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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