A national forest (French: forêt domaniale) is a forest owned by the French state. This status originates with the Edict of Moulins of 1566. French national forests are managed by the National Board of Forestry (NFB) under the national forestry law, the successor of ordinances and regulations that have taken place since the time of Charlemagne "at the discretion of political, economic and demographic context of France, making the first state-owned natural forest areas whose management is rigorously controlled".[1]
The Orleans Forest is the largest national forest in France.
National forests have existed in some form since ancient times: in fact state ownership is a legal system distinct from inheritance and private property that dates back to the Edict of Moulins (1566).
Thus, a number of royal forests are the "property" of the state, which has delegated the management of the Ministry of Agriculture who has himself told NFB and sometimes about national parks.
This "heritage of the nation" is legally different from ordinary property: the state holds or the usus, which amounts to the public or the fructus that does not exist (translated)
or the abusus, the public domain is inalienable.
Disposition of National Forests
Before 2006
Prior to 2006, Article L. 62 in French national code stated:
The State-owned forestry and wood can not be alienated by virtue of a law. However, it may be conducted in the ordinary form, the sale of State-owned timber holding less than 150 hectares that could not bear the costs of care and are not necessary to ensure the rivers, streams and rivers are separated and at a distance of at least one kilometer from other woods and forests of great extent. (Translated)
This article therefore specified that forests can be sold by decree or order in France) ("ordinary form"), of woods of less than 150 hectare, at least 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) from other large forests.
The 2006 reform
In 2006, an ordonnance which codifies the legislative part of the general code of the property of public persons; former Article L. 62 was renumbered Article L. 3211-5 of the CGPPP. But the renumbering was accompanied by a significant change.
The new Article L. 3211-5 provides:
The woods and forests of the State can not be alienated by virtue of a law. Notwithstanding the first paragraph, the State may, in the conditions specified by order in Council of State proceed with the sale of woods and forests that meet the following conditions: 1st: Be a capacity of fewer than 150 hectares; 2nd: Not to be necessary and to the maintenance and protection of mountain land, or to stabilize the water system and the protection of water quality, or to the ecological balance of a region or the well being of the population; 3rd: And whose revenues do not cover their management operating expenses. Notwithstanding the first paragraph, woods and forests of the state included in the scope of declaration of public utility are assigned in accordance with the last paragraph of Article L. 12-4 of code of expropriation for public utility under the conditions specified by Order in Council of State. (Translated)
Management of National Forests
Under the Forest Code, the National Forests Office (NFB) manages state forests. Management is made under a contract of objectives and performance between the state and the NFB, which organizes details of national forest policy. Following the Grenelle Environment a dual general purpose is to Produce more wood, while better preserving the biodiversity.[1] This sentence does not apply to the management of national forests, but to objective of sable harvesting.
Each forest has a forest management (plan) written for a period of 15–25 years and approved by the Minister of Agriculture. This arrangement establishes guidelines and management plans cuts during the period.
Revenues from state-owned forests are used for operation of the NFB, which manages both profitable forests and unprofitable forests (especially in the mountains or in Provence). The potential benefit of the NFB could return to the state.
Origin and area
In France there are approximately 1,300 National Forests for a combined forest area of about 1,800,000 hectare.
690,000 hectare were originally royal forests; 340,000 hectare are former abbey forests confiscated by the State during the Revolution; 65,000 hectare are forested dunes under the order of February 5, 1817; 390,000 hectare consists of eroding land acquired under the land restoration mountain; 200,000 hectare acquired from private forests since 1914.[2]
Origin of Royal Forests
Royal properties since time immemorial. They are mainly located in the Paris region and in the Pays de la Loire. About {390,000 hectare.
Contributed to the Crown by Henry IV of France in 1589. Hautes-Pyrénées, Haute-Garonne and Ariege. About 80,000 hectare.
Ancient sovereign areas that became royal domain (Flanders, Artois, Lorraine, Alsace, Franche-Comte, Corsica). About 210,000 hectare.
Acquisitions to improve the supply of wooden marine arsenals Lorient and Brest in the 18th century . About 10,000 hectare.
^ ab"La gestion durable des forêts domaniales : " Produire plus de bois, tout en préservant mieux la biodiversité "" [Sustainable management of state forests: "Produce more wood, while better preserving biodiversity"] (in French). May 2012. p. 26..
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A national forest French foret domaniale is a forest owned by the French state This status originates with the Edict of Moulins of 1566 French national forests are managed by the National Board of Forestry NFB under the national forestry law the successor of ordinances and regulations that have taken place since the time of Charlemagne at the discretion of political economic and demographic context of France making the first state owned natural forest areas whose management is rigorously controlled 1 The Orleans Forest is the largest national forest in France Contents 1 Legal status 1 1 Disposition of National Forests 1 1 1 Before 2006 1 1 2 The 2006 reform 2 Management of National Forests 3 Origin and area 3 1 Origin of Royal Forests 4 Large National Forests 5 See also 6 ReferencesLegal status EditNational forests have existed in some form since ancient times in fact state ownership is a legal system distinct from inheritance and private property that dates back to the Edict of Moulins 1566 Thus a number of royal forests are the property of the state which has delegated the management of the Ministry of Agriculture who has himself told NFB and sometimes about national parks This heritage of the nation is legally different from ordinary property the state holds or the usus which amounts to the public or the fructus that does not exist translated or the abusus the public domain is inalienable Disposition of National Forests Edit Before 2006 Edit Prior to 2006 Article L 62 in French national code stated The State owned forestry and wood can not be alienated by virtue of a law However it may be conducted in the ordinary form the sale of State owned timber holding less than 150 hectares that could not bear the costs of care and are not necessary to ensure the rivers streams and rivers are separated and at a distance of at least one kilometer from other woods and forests of great extent Translated This article therefore specified that forests can be sold by decree or order in France ordinary form of woods of less than 150 hectare at least 1 kilometre 0 62 mi from other large forests The 2006 reform Edit In 2006 an ordonnance which codifies the legislative part of the general code of the property of public persons former Article L 62 was renumbered Article L 3211 5 of the CGPPP But the renumbering was accompanied by a significant change The new Article L 3211 5 provides The woods and forests of the State can not be alienated by virtue of a law Notwithstanding the first paragraph the State may in the conditions specified by order in Council of State proceed with the sale of woods and forests that meet the following conditions 1st Be a capacity of fewer than 150 hectares 2nd Not to be necessary and to the maintenance and protection of mountain land or to stabilize the water system and the protection of water quality or to the ecological balance of a region or the well being of the population 3rd And whose revenues do not cover their management operating expenses Notwithstanding the first paragraph woods and forests of the state included in the scope of declaration of public utility are assigned in accordance with the last paragraph of Article L 12 4 of code of expropriation for public utility under the conditions specified by Order in Council of State Translated Management of National Forests EditUnder the Forest Code the National Forests Office NFB manages state forests Management is made under a contract of objectives and performance between the state and the NFB which organizes details of national forest policy Following the Grenelle Environment a dual general purpose is to Produce more wood while better preserving the biodiversity 1 This sentence does not apply to the management of national forests but to objective of sable harvesting Each forest has a forest management plan written for a period of 15 25 years and approved by the Minister of Agriculture This arrangement establishes guidelines and management plans cuts during the period Revenues from state owned forests are used for operation of the NFB which manages both profitable forests and unprofitable forests especially in the mountains or in Provence The potential benefit of the NFB could return to the state Origin and area EditIn France there are approximately 1 300 National Forests for a combined forest area of about 1 800 000 hectare 690 000 hectare were originally royal forests 340 000 hectare are former abbey forests confiscated by the State during the Revolution 65 000 hectare are forested dunes under the order of February 5 1817 390 000 hectare consists of eroding land acquired under the land restoration mountain 200 000 hectare acquired from private forests since 1914 2 Origin of Royal Forests Edit Royal properties since time immemorial They are mainly located in the Paris region and in the Pays de la Loire About 390 000 hectare Contributed to the Crown by Henry IV of France in 1589 Hautes Pyrenees Haute Garonne and Ariege About 80 000 hectare Ancient sovereign areas that became royal domain Flanders Artois Lorraine Alsace Franche Comte Corsica About 210 000 hectare Acquisitions to improve the supply of wooden marine arsenals Lorient and Brest in the 18th century About 10 000 hectare Large National Forests EditForet domaniale d Orleans Loiret 34 700 ha the largest national forest in France Foret domaniale de Chaux Jura 20 493 ha Foret domaniale de Fontainebleau Seine et marne 20 272 ha Foret domaniale de Compiegne Oise 14 357 ha Foret domaniale indivise de Haguenau Bas Rhin 13 462 ha joint ownership between the state and the municipality of Haguenau Foret domaniale de Retz Aisne 13 240 ha Foret domaniale de la Harth Haut Rhin 13 140 ha Foret domaniale de l Aigoual Gard 11 460 ha Foret domaniale de Troncais Allier 10 532 ha Foret domaniale de Mormal Nord 9 140 ha Foret domaniale de la Grande Chartreuse Isere 8 466 ha Foret domaniale de Darney Vosges 8 010 ha Forets domaniales de Saint Gobain et de Coucy Basse Aisne 8 480 ha Forets domaniales de Chœurs et de Bommiers Cher et Indre 6 460 ha Foret domaniale de l Esterel PACA 6 000 ha Foret domaniale de Chateau Regnault 5 500 ha Foret domaniale de Berce Sarthe 5 400 ha Foret domaniale d Andaines Orne 5 396 ha Foret domaniale de Chinon Indre et Loire 5 140 ha Foret domaniale de Perseigne Sarthe 5 110 ha Foret domaniale de Trois Fontaines Marne 5 070 ha Foret domaniale de Citeaux Cote d Or 3 610 ha Foret domaniale de Loches Indre et Loire 3 590 ha Foret domaniale de Gresigne Tarn 3 460 ha Foret domaniale de Rennes 2 950 ha Foret domaniale d Aitone Corse 1 675 ha Foret domaniale de Montmorency See also EditList of types of formally designated forestsReferences Edit a b La gestion durable des forets domaniales Produire plus de bois tout en preservant mieux la biodiversite Sustainable management of state forests Produce more wood while better preserving biodiversity in French May 2012 p 26 NFB Newsletter No 34 April 1975 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title National forest France amp oldid 1132780116, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
