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National Széchényi Library

The National Széchényi Library (Hungarian: Országos Széchényi Könyvtár) (OSZK) is a library in Budapest, Hungary, located in Buda Castle. It is one of two Hungarian national libraries, the other being University of Debrecen Library.

National Széchényi Library
Országos Széchényi Könyvtár
LocationBuda Castle, Budapest, Hungary, Hungary
TypeNational library
Established1802 (222 years ago) (1802)
Other information
DirectorDávid Rózsa 
Websitewww.oszk.hu/en
National Széchényi Library
Plan of Buda Castle: buildings A, B, C, D – Hungarian National Gallery, building E – Budapest Historical Museum, building F – National Széchényi Library. Underneath building C is the Palatinal Crypt with 3 rooms.

History edit

The library was founded in 1802 by the highly patriotic Hungarian aristocrat Count Ferenc Széchényi. Széchényi traveled the world buying Hungarian books, which he assembled and donated to the nation. In 1803, the public library was opened in Pest. Széchényi's example resulted in a nationwide movement of book donations to the library.[1]

In 1808, the Hungarian National Assembly ("Diet") created the Hungarian National Museum to collect the historical, archaeological and natural relics of Hungary. The Museum was merged into the Library and for the last 200 years this is how it has existed, a national depository for written, printed and objective relics of the Hungarian past.[1]

In 1846, the Hungarian National Museum moved into its new building but it was not until 1949 that the Library became a separate entity again, with its current name. In 1985, the library moved to its new home at the Buda Castle Palace.[1] The NSZL works on its catalogue's semantic availability.[2]

Directors edit

  • 1803–1815: Jakab Ferdinánd Miller
  • 1815–1846: István Horvát
  • 1846–1875: Gábor Mátray
  • 1875–1879: Vilmos Fraknói
  • 1879–1893: Béla Majláth
  • 1893–1894: József Szinnyei
  • 1894–1919: Fejérpataky László
  • 1919–1922: János Melich
  • 1923: Bálint Hóman
  • 1924–1929: Imre Lukinich
  • 1930–1934: Emil Jakubovich
  • 1934–1945: József Fitz
  • 1945– 1946: József Györke
  • 1946–1947: Gábor Tolnai
  • 1948–1957: Béla Varjas
  • 1958–1966: Magda Jóború
  • 1966–1968: Géza Sebestyén
  • 1968–1982: Magda Jóború
  • 1982: Péter Zircz
  • 1982–1984: Ferenc Molnár
  • 1984–1986: Zoltán Havasi
  • 1985—1993: Gyula Juhász
  • 1993—1999: Géza Poprády
  • 1999—2009: István Monok
  • 2009—2013: Andrea Sajo (Katona)
  • 2013—2014: Péter Szemerei
  • 2014: János Káldos
  • 2014—2019: Dr. László Tüske
  • 2019—2020: Judit Hammerstien
  • 2020—: Dávid Rózsa[citation needed]

Collections edit

The library aims to collect "hungarica" which is describes as works published within Hungary, published in Hungarian, written by Hungarian authors, and those with Hungarian aspects. The library receives two copies of all publications and prints produced in Hungary.[1]

Books edit

The library's Incunabulum Collection consists of 1,800 books printed before 1500; notable items include a fragment of the Gutenberg Bible and the Chronica Hungarorum-the first book printed in Hungary. Its Antiqua Collection holds 13,000 items from the 16th century, including a first edition of Nostradamus' The Prophecies. The Old Hungarian Library is a collection of 8,500 old Hungarian books including the Vizsoly Bible, the first complete Bible printed in Hungarian. The Apponyi Collection is a collection of over 3,000 Hungarian-related items donated by Count Albert Apponyi in 1924. One of its most notable items is the Tabula Hungariae, the earliest surviving printed map of Hungary. Other collections include the Leaflet Collection; Old Cyrillica Collection, mostly consisting of liturgical books written in Romanian Cyrillic, Early Printed Books Archive, and the History of Binding Collection.[3]

Periodicals edit

With the influx of periodicals in the 19th century, József Szinnyei Sr. [hu] established the National Newspaper Library in 1884. The library has about 250,000 volumes of periodicals. Of the Hungarian and international newspaper collection, almost 75 percent of its items are the only surviving copies. Notable items include the Nova Posoniensia [Wikidata], the first regular newspaper in Hungary, and the Journal des Sçavans, the earliest academic journal in Europe.[4]

Manuscripts edit

The library holds the largest manuscript collection in Hungary with about 1,400,000 total items.[5] Notable items include the original copies of Himnusz, Hungary's national anthem, and Szózat, a Hungarian song.[6]

Posters and Small Prints edit

The Collection of Posters and Small Prints, established in 1935, holds about four million documents, making it one of the biggest collections of the library.[7]

Maps edit

In 1939, the Map Collection became an independent department of the National Széchényi Library. As of 2015, the map collection encompasses over 300,000 items, with 3,400 map sheets belonging to the original Széchényi-collection from the early 1800s.[8] Approximately a quarter of the maps' coverage is of historical Hungary, and the remaining maps in the collection cover areas all over the world.

The library has been digitizing its map collection in recent years to make cultural heritage items more accessible. The library partnered with the Department of Cartography and Geoinformatics at Eötvös Loránd University to digitize some of the library's globes to create the Virtual Globes Museum. Tabula Hungariae, the first printed map of Hungary, is now digitized and accessible online.[8]

Theatre History edit

In 1949, the Theatre History Collection was established to take over the libraries of the theaters that remained after World War II. It holds 30,000 plays and 380,000 documents.[9]

Music edit

The library's music collection holds 170,000 items of printed sheet music. Notable items include Joseph Haydn's manuscripts and first edition works, items from Franz Liszt, and Ferenc Erkel's operas' manuscripts.[10]

Photos edit

The library's photo collection was established in 2007. Among other items, it holds 40,000 glass plates or photo and film negatives of the library's book collection.[11]

Discovery of New Mozart Autograph edit

In 2014, a Hungarian librarian discovered four pages of Mozart's original score (autograph) of the sonata in Budapest's National Széchényi Library. Until then, only the last page of the autograph survived.[A] The paper and handwriting of the four pages matched that of the final page of the score, held in Salzburg. Zoltán Kocsis gave the first performance of the discovered score in September 2014.[14]

See also edit

References edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ The original score is close to the first edition, published in 1784.[12] However, in the first movement, in bars 5 and 6 of Variation V, the rhythm of the final eight note of the bar was altered by various editions throughout time. In the menuetto, the last quarter beat of bar 3 is a C-sharp in most editions, but in the autograph an A is printed.[13]

Citations edit

  1. ^ a b c d "History of the Library". National Széchényi Library. Retrieved 26 January 2017.
  2. ^ "Semantic web - NektarWiki".
  3. ^ "Early Printed Books". National Széchényi Library. Retrieved 2022-03-26.
  4. ^ "Periodicals". National Széchényi Library. Retrieved 2022-03-26.
  5. ^ "Manuscripts". National Széchényi Library. Retrieved 2022-03-26.
  6. ^ "Special Collections". National Széchényi Library. Retrieved 2022-03-26.
  7. ^ "Posters, small prints, reproduced graphics". National Széchényi Library. Retrieved 2022-03-26.
  8. ^ a b Kiss, E., Ungvári, Z., & Fulajtár, P. (2015). Digital Map Collection Project at the National Széchényi Library. e-Perimetron, 10(1), 1-10.
  9. ^ "Documents on Theater History". National Széchényi Library. Retrieved 2022-03-26.
  10. ^ "Music Collection". National Széchényi Library. Retrieved 2022-03-26.
  11. ^ "Photo Collection". National Széchényi Library. Retrieved 2022-03-26.
  12. ^ Kozinn, Allan (1 October 2014). "A Mozart Mystery: Sonata Manuscript Surfaces in Budapest". The New York Times. p. C4.
  13. ^ "K. 331 Sonata in A major". Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  14. ^ . AFP. 27 September 2014. Archived from the original on 2014-10-09. Retrieved 2015-02-14.

External links edit

  • Official Site
  • Hungarian National Museum (in Hungarian)
  • Hungarian National Bibliography
  • Humanities Studies and Articles Database (Humanus)
  • Hungarian Electronic Library
  • Electronic Periodicals Archive and Database
  • Bibliotheca Corviniana Digitalis program (Matvin's Corvinas)
  • The Historical Chronology of Hungary
  • NEKTÁR Online Catalog Search

47°29′42″N 19°2′21″E / 47.49500°N 19.03917°E / 47.49500; 19.03917

national, széchényi, library, help, expand, this, article, with, text, translated, from, corresponding, article, hungarian, july, 2011, click, show, important, translation, instructions, view, machine, translated, version, hungarian, article, machine, translat. You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Hungarian July 2011 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the Hungarian article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 584 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Hungarian Wikipedia article at hu Orszagos Szechenyi Konyvtar see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated hu Orszagos Szechenyi Konyvtar to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation The National Szechenyi Library Hungarian Orszagos Szechenyi Konyvtar OSZK is a library in Budapest Hungary located in Buda Castle It is one of two Hungarian national libraries the other being University of Debrecen Library National Szechenyi LibraryOrszagos Szechenyi KonyvtarLocationBuda Castle Budapest Hungary HungaryTypeNational libraryEstablished1802 222 years ago 1802 Other informationDirectorDavid Rozsa Websitewww oszk hu enNational Szechenyi LibraryPlan of Buda Castle buildings A B C D Hungarian National Gallery building E Budapest Historical Museum building F National Szechenyi Library Underneath building C is the Palatinal Crypt with 3 rooms This article relies excessively on references to primary sources Please improve this article by adding secondary or tertiary sources Find sources National Szechenyi Library news newspapers books scholar JSTOR March 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message Contents 1 History 2 Directors 3 Collections 3 1 Books 3 2 Periodicals 3 3 Manuscripts 3 4 Posters and Small Prints 3 5 Maps 3 6 Theatre History 3 7 Music 3 8 Photos 4 Discovery of New Mozart Autograph 5 See also 6 References 6 1 Notes 6 2 Citations 7 External linksHistory editThe library was founded in 1802 by the highly patriotic Hungarian aristocrat Count Ferenc Szechenyi Szechenyi traveled the world buying Hungarian books which he assembled and donated to the nation In 1803 the public library was opened in Pest Szechenyi s example resulted in a nationwide movement of book donations to the library 1 In 1808 the Hungarian National Assembly Diet created the Hungarian National Museum to collect the historical archaeological and natural relics of Hungary The Museum was merged into the Library and for the last 200 years this is how it has existed a national depository for written printed and objective relics of the Hungarian past 1 In 1846 the Hungarian National Museum moved into its new building but it was not until 1949 that the Library became a separate entity again with its current name In 1985 the library moved to its new home at the Buda Castle Palace 1 The NSZL works on its catalogue s semantic availability 2 Directors edit1803 1815 Jakab Ferdinand Miller 1815 1846 Istvan Horvat 1846 1875 Gabor Matray 1875 1879 Vilmos Fraknoi 1879 1893 Bela Majlath 1893 1894 Jozsef Szinnyei 1894 1919 Fejerpataky Laszlo 1919 1922 Janos Melich 1923 Balint Homan 1924 1929 Imre Lukinich 1930 1934 Emil Jakubovich 1934 1945 Jozsef Fitz 1945 1946 Jozsef Gyorke 1946 1947 Gabor Tolnai 1948 1957 Bela Varjas 1958 1966 Magda Joboru 1966 1968 Geza Sebestyen 1968 1982 Magda Joboru 1982 Peter Zircz 1982 1984 Ferenc Molnar 1984 1986 Zoltan Havasi 1985 1993 Gyula Juhasz 1993 1999 Geza Poprady 1999 2009 Istvan Monok 2009 2013 Andrea Sajo Katona 2013 2014 Peter Szemerei 2014 Janos Kaldos 2014 2019 Dr Laszlo Tuske 2019 2020 Judit Hammerstien 2020 David Rozsa citation needed Collections editThe library aims to collect hungarica which is describes as works published within Hungary published in Hungarian written by Hungarian authors and those with Hungarian aspects The library receives two copies of all publications and prints produced in Hungary 1 Books edit The library s Incunabulum Collection consists of 1 800 books printed before 1500 notable items include a fragment of the Gutenberg Bible and the Chronica Hungarorum the first book printed in Hungary Its Antiqua Collection holds 13 000 items from the 16th century including a first edition of Nostradamus The Prophecies The Old Hungarian Library is a collection of 8 500 old Hungarian books including the Vizsoly Bible the first complete Bible printed in Hungarian The Apponyi Collection is a collection of over 3 000 Hungarian related items donated by Count Albert Apponyi in 1924 One of its most notable items is the Tabula Hungariae the earliest surviving printed map of Hungary Other collections include the Leaflet Collection Old Cyrillica Collection mostly consisting of liturgical books written in Romanian Cyrillic Early Printed Books Archive and the History of Binding Collection 3 Periodicals edit With the influx of periodicals in the 19th century Jozsef Szinnyei Sr hu established the National Newspaper Library in 1884 The library has about 250 000 volumes of periodicals Of the Hungarian and international newspaper collection almost 75 percent of its items are the only surviving copies Notable items include the Nova Posoniensia Wikidata the first regular newspaper in Hungary and the Journal des Scavans the earliest academic journal in Europe 4 Manuscripts edit The library holds the largest manuscript collection in Hungary with about 1 400 000 total items 5 Notable items include the original copies of Himnusz Hungary s national anthem and Szozat a Hungarian song 6 Posters and Small Prints edit The Collection of Posters and Small Prints established in 1935 holds about four million documents making it one of the biggest collections of the library 7 Maps edit In 1939 the Map Collection became an independent department of the National Szechenyi Library As of 2015 the map collection encompasses over 300 000 items with 3 400 map sheets belonging to the original Szechenyi collection from the early 1800s 8 Approximately a quarter of the maps coverage is of historical Hungary and the remaining maps in the collection cover areas all over the world The library has been digitizing its map collection in recent years to make cultural heritage items more accessible The library partnered with the Department of Cartography and Geoinformatics at Eotvos Lorand University to digitize some of the library s globes to create the Virtual Globes Museum Tabula Hungariae the first printed map of Hungary is now digitized and accessible online 8 Theatre History edit In 1949 the Theatre History Collection was established to take over the libraries of the theaters that remained after World War II It holds 30 000 plays and 380 000 documents 9 Music edit The library s music collection holds 170 000 items of printed sheet music Notable items include Joseph Haydn s manuscripts and first edition works items from Franz Liszt and Ferenc Erkel s operas manuscripts 10 Photos edit The library s photo collection was established in 2007 Among other items it holds 40 000 glass plates or photo and film negatives of the library s book collection 11 Discovery of New Mozart Autograph editIn 2014 a Hungarian librarian discovered four pages of Mozart s original score autograph of the sonata in Budapest s National Szechenyi Library Until then only the last page of the autograph survived A The paper and handwriting of the four pages matched that of the final page of the score held in Salzburg Zoltan Kocsis gave the first performance of the discovered score in September 2014 14 See also editCodex of Becs List of libraries in Hungary hu References editNotes edit The original score is close to the first edition published in 1784 12 However in the first movement in bars 5 and 6 of Variation V the rhythm of the final eight note of the bar was altered by various editions throughout time In the menuetto the last quarter beat of bar 3 is a C sharp in most editions but in the autograph an A is printed 13 Citations edit a b c d History of the Library National Szechenyi Library Retrieved 26 January 2017 Semantic web NektarWiki Early Printed Books National Szechenyi Library Retrieved 2022 03 26 Periodicals National Szechenyi Library Retrieved 2022 03 26 Manuscripts National Szechenyi Library Retrieved 2022 03 26 Special Collections National Szechenyi Library Retrieved 2022 03 26 Posters small prints reproduced graphics National Szechenyi Library Retrieved 2022 03 26 a b Kiss E Ungvari Z amp Fulajtar P 2015 Digital Map Collection Project at the National Szechenyi Library e Perimetron 10 1 1 10 Documents on Theater History National Szechenyi Library Retrieved 2022 03 26 Music Collection National Szechenyi Library Retrieved 2022 03 26 Photo Collection National Szechenyi Library Retrieved 2022 03 26 Kozinn Allan 1 October 2014 A Mozart Mystery Sonata Manuscript Surfaces in Budapest The New York Times p C4 K 331 Sonata in A major Retrieved 12 January 2018 A rediscovered sonata as Mozart intended AFP 27 September 2014 Archived from the original on 2014 10 09 Retrieved 2015 02 14 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to National Szechenyi Library Official Site Hungarian National Museum in Hungarian Hungarian National Bibliography Humanities Studies and Articles Database Humanus Hungarian Electronic Library Electronic Periodicals Archive and Database Bibliotheca Corviniana Digitalis program Matvin s Corvinas The Historical Chronology of Hungary NEKTAR Online Catalog Search 47 29 42 N 19 2 21 E 47 49500 N 19 03917 E 47 49500 19 03917 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title National Szechenyi Library amp oldid 1202349136, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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