Instituto Politécnico Nacional
The National Polytechnic Institute (Spanish: Instituto Politécnico Nacional), abbreviated IPN, is one of the largest public universities in Mexico with 171,581 students[16] at the high school, undergraduate and postgraduate levels. It is the second-best university in Mexico in the technical and engineering domain according to the QS World University Rankings by Subject 2018.[22] It was founded on 1 January 1936 during the administration of President Lázaro Cárdenas del Río.[23]
Instituto Politécnico Nacional | |
Official Seal | |
| Motto | La Técnica al Servicio de la Patria[1] |
|---|---|
Motto in English | The Technique at the Service of the Fatherland[2] |
| Type | Public |
| Established | 1 January 1936[3] |
| Founder | Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes and Lázaro Cárdenas del Río |
Academic affiliations | AMECYD,[4] ANUIES,[5] AUIP,[6] CLARA,[7] COMEPO,[8] CUDI,[9] ECOES,[10] OUI,[11] UDUAL,[12] Universia[13] |
| Director | Arturo Reyes Sandoval [14][15] |
Academic staff | 16,445 (as of 2022)[16] |
Administrative staff | 9,144 (as of 2022)[16] |
| Students | 216,274 (as of 2022)[16] |
| Undergraduates | 135,558 (as of 2022)[16] |
| Postgraduates | 6,282 (as of 2022)[16] |
Other students | 74,434 (high school) (as of 2022)[16] |
| Location | , Mexico 19°30′02″N 99°08′23″W / 19.50056°N 99.13972°W |
| Campus | Several across Mexico, mostly urban[17] |
| Colors | Maroon and white[18] |
| Nickname | Burros Blancos |
Sporting affiliations | ONEFA Central Conference[19][20] |
| Mascot | White donkey[21] |
| Website | www |
The institute consists of 98 academic units offering 290 courses of study.[16] It includes 57 technical careers, 79 undergraduate and 154 postgraduate programs.[16] Its main campus, called 'Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos' or 'Zacatenco', located in northern Mexico City, covers approximately 530 acres (2.1 km2) .[17]
The IPN is based primarily in Mexico City, but with several research institutes and facilities distributed over 22 states.[16]
History edit
The institute was founded on January 1, 1936, during the administration of President Lázaro Cárdenas in what had been previously known as the Ex hacienda Santo Tomás — a large estate initially owned by Spanish conqueror Hernán Cortés in the 16th century[23] and donated by the federal government.[24]
Prominent astronomer Luis Enrique Erro, former revolutionary Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes and former minister of education Narciso Bassols were among its initial promoters.[24]
During the administration of former director Alejo Peralta sufficient lands were given to IPN. Expropriated lands of Santa Maria Ticomán (213 ha) and San Pedro Zacatenco (43 ha) were used.[17]
The construction of what is now the Professional Unit "Adolfo López Mateos" (Zacatenco) began in 1958. In 1959, former President Adolfo López Mateos, the former minister of education Jaime Torres Bodet, and former director of IPN Eugenio Mendez Docurro, inaugurated the first four buildings of Zacatenco, which were occupied by the Superior School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering (ESIME) and the Superior School of Engineering and Architecture (ESIA).[17]
Organization edit
The institute is organized around 98 academic units[16] including 18 vocational high schools (operates as CECyT), 26 university colleges, 20 scientific and technical research centers, 17 continuing education centers, 4 units for educational support, 3 support units for education innovation, 8 support units for research, development and technological and enterprise foment, and 2 units affiliated to science, enterprise research and development.
These schools are primarily in Mexico City, although several extension and research facilities are distributed over 22 states.[16]
Some units (particularly the semi-autonomous, internationally renowned CINVESTAV) enjoy a high degree of academic and budgetary freedom. The institute as a whole is headed by a director-general appointed by the President of Mexico, usually (but not always) after some consultation with members of its academic community.[25] Since December 2020, its director-general Arturo Reyes Sandoval.
In addition to its academic endeavors, and as part of its cultural promotion strategy, the institute operates 'Canal Once' ('Channel Eleven'), the oldest public broadcast service in Latin America[26] featuring original cultural, scientific, information and entertainment programming, foreign shows and classic, rare, and non-commercial films from all over the world.
Academics edit
The institute offers 80 undergraduate programs[16] leading to four- or five-year bachelor's degrees and 135 postgraduate programs[16] leading to 29 postgraduate diplomas,[16] 70 master's degrees[16] and 36 doctorate degrees.[16]
Like most public universities in Mexico, in addition to its undergraduate and graduate schools the institute sponsors several vocational high schools called 'Centros de Estudios Científicos y Tecnológicos' (C.E.C. y T.), most of which are in Greater Mexico City. Upon completion, they lead to a technician degree. For this level of study, the institute offers 78 technical careers.[16]
Athletics edit
IPN fields 27 varsity teams in sports or activities such as archery, American football, athletics, baseball, basketball, body building, bowling, boxing, chess, cycling, frontenis, gymnastics, handball, indoor soccer, judo, karate, kendo, mountaineering, rowing, soccer, swimming, taekwondo, tennis, touch football, volleyball, weightlifting, and wrestling.[27]
The university maintains a fierce rivalry with all the athletic teams from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM); it has a particularly bitter competition with UNAM's football program, the "Pumas Dorados" (Golden Pumas).
Notable people edit
Notable alumni edit
Scientists and technologists edit
- Guillermo González Camarena: television pioneer; inventor of an early color television transmission system.
- Jerzy Rzedowski: plant scientist; pioneer of neotropical floristics.
- Esther Orozco: biology researcher, winner of the 1997 UNESCO/Institut Pasteur Medal and the 2006 L'Oréal-UNESCO Awards for Women in Science for her work on amoebiasis.
- Evangelina Villegas: biochemist laureated with the 2000 World Food Prize and whose work with maize led to the development of Quality Protein Maize (QPM).
- Pablo Rudomín: neuroscientist laureated with the Prince of Asturias Award (1987).
- Gilberto Calvillo Vives: president of the United Nations' Statistics Commission.
- Alberto Pérez Gómez: architectural historian and winner of the 1984 Alice Davis Hitchcock Award.
- Ruth Rivera Marin: architect, the first woman to study architecture at the College of Engineering and Architecture.
- Constantino Reyes-Valerio: chemist and art historian, discovered the recipe to create Maya blue and coined the term Arte Indocristiano.
- Raúl Rojas: professor of computer science and mathematics and a renowned specialist in artificial neural networks.
Politicians edit
- Ernesto Zedillo: former President of Mexico (1994-2000)
- Josefina Vázquez Mota: former Secretary of Education (Mexico)
- Reyes Tamez: Secretary of Education during the Fox administration
- Victor Bravo Ahuja: Secretary of Education during the Echeverría administration
- Eugenio Méndez Docurro: Secretariat of Communications and Transportation during the Echeverría administration
- Héctor Mayagoitia Domínguez: former Governor of Durango (1974-1979)
- Miguel Borge Martín: former Governor of Quintana Roo (1987-1993)
- Roberto Kobeh González: ICAO Council President (2006-2014)
- Luis Montes de Oca: former Secretary of Finance (Mexico) 1927–1932
Notable faculty edit
- Alexander Balankin: scientist, winner of the 2005 UNESCO Science Prize for his works on fractal mechanics.
- Heberto Castillo: inventor of tridilosa and founder of several political parties.
- Juan O'Gorman: architect and painter.
- Arturo Rosenblueth: physician, physiologist, and noted researcher.
See also edit
References edit
- ^ National Polytechnic Institute. "Lema" (in Spanish). Retrieved October 6, 2009.
- ^ National Polytechnic Institute. "Identity". Retrieved October 21, 2018.
- ^ National Polytechnic Institute. "Compendio histórico 1930-1939" (in Spanish). Retrieved October 6, 2009.
- ^ Asociación Mexicana de Educación Continua y a Distancia A.C. (AMECYD). (in Spanish). Archived from the original on July 27, 2009. Retrieved December 9, 2009.
- ^ Asociación Nacional de Universidades e Instituciones de Eduación Superior (ANUIES). "Instituciones Afiliadas, Distrito Federal" (in Spanish). Retrieved December 9, 2009.
- ^ Asociación Universitaria Iberoamericana de Postgrado (AUIP). (in Spanish). Archived from the original on October 2, 2009. Retrieved December 9, 2009.
- ^ Cooperación Latinoamericana de Redes Avanzadas (CLARA). "Miembros México" (in Spanish). Retrieved December 9, 2009.
- ^ Consejo Mexicano de Estudios de Posgrado A.C. (COMEPO). (in Spanish). Archived from the original on July 2, 2007. Retrieved December 9, 2009.
- ^ Corporación Universitaria para el Desarrollo de Internet A.C. (CUDI). (PDF) (in Spanish). Archived from the original (PDF) on August 24, 2009. Retrieved December 9, 2009.
- ^ Espacio Común de Educación Superior (ECOES). (in Spanish). Archived from the original on April 13, 2010. Retrieved March 14, 2010.
- ^ Organización Universitaria Interamericana (OUI). (in Spanish). Archived from the original on January 21, 2010. Retrieved December 9, 2009.
- ^ Unión de Universidades de América Latina (UDUAL). (in Spanish). Archived from the original on December 22, 2008. Retrieved December 9, 2009.
- ^ Universia Mexico. (in Spanish). Archived from the original on November 24, 2009. Retrieved December 9, 2009.
- ^ National Polytechnic Institute. "Director General".
- ^ Quadratin México. "Designan a Enrique Fernández Fassnacht director del IPN".
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r National Polytechnic Institute. "Informe Anual de Actividades 2022" (PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved December 14, 2023.
- ^ a b c d Universia Mexico (March 20, 2009). "Conmemora IPN 50 aniversario de la unidad "Adolfo López Mateos"" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved October 6, 2009.
- ^ "Guía de identidad gráfica institucional del Instituto Politécnico Nacional" (PDF). ipn.mx (in Spanish). Instituto Politécnico Nacional. p. 8. Retrieved 7 February 2023.
- ^ Vanguardia. "Se divide la ONEFA; Nacen la Conferencia del Centro y la Conferencia de los Seis Grandes" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on February 19, 2013. Retrieved December 9, 2009.
- ^ esmas.com. (in Spanish). Archived from the original on September 13, 2009. Retrieved December 9, 2009.
- ^ National Polytechnic Institute. (in Spanish). Archived from the original on April 12, 2009. Retrieved October 6, 2009.
- ^ "Engineering and Technology". Top Universities. 2018-02-22. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
- ^ a b National Polytechnic Institute. (in Spanish). Archived from the original on April 11, 2010. Retrieved December 9, 2009.
- ^ a b National Polytechnic Institute. (in Spanish). Archived from the original on November 23, 2007. Retrieved November 25, 2007.
- ^ La Jornada. "Villa Rivera: nombrar director del IPN, facultad sólo del Presidente" (in Spanish). Retrieved November 25, 2007.
- ^ Canal Once. "Acerca de Canal Once" (in Spanish). Retrieved December 21, 2014.
- ^ National Polytechnic Institute. (in Spanish). Archived from the original on June 1, 2010. Retrieved April 22, 2010.
External links edit
- (in Spanish) Official website