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National Council of the Movement

January 01, 1970

The National Council of the Movement (Spanish: Consejo Nacional del Movimiento, originally Consejo Nacional de FET y de las JONS), was an institution of the Franco dictatorship of a collegiate nature, which was subordinated to the Head of State.[1][2] Originally created under the name of the National Council of FET and the JONS on 19 October 1937 in the midst of the Civil War, it would continue to exist until 1977, following the death of Francisco Franco and the dismantling of institutions of his regime.

National Council of the Movement

Consejo Nacional del Movimiento
Type
Type
Advisory Body
History
Established19 October 1937
Disbanded16 June 1977
Meeting place
Palace of the Senate, Madrid

Its internal structure was strongly inspired by the Italian Grand Fascist Council and the National Council of the National Fascist Party.[3] Its members, the councillors, with a maximum number of 50[3] were first appointed by Franco in 1937, integrating all the political forces that intervened in the coup d'état of July 1936 that started the Civil War, and that had been unified by decree in April 1937 under the name of Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las JONS (FET y de las JONS).[4]

It met for the first time in December 1937 at the Monastery of las Huelgas in Burgos. Later, after the end of the war, it would meet in the old Palace of the Senate in Madrid. [5] Like the Francoist Cortes, the National Council would be dissolved shortly before the 1977 elections.[6]

History edit

Creation edit

The National Council of the Traditionalist Spanish Falange and the JONS (FET y de las JONS) was created by the Unification Decree by which the single party of the Franco dictatorship was founded. It took as a model the National Council of the Spanish Falange of the JONS, whose merger with the Carlist Traditionalist Communion, gave birth to FET y de las JONS. In the second article of the Unification Decree it was stated:

The governing bodies of the new national political entity will be the Head of State, a Secretariat or Political Board and the National Council. [...] The Council will take cognizance of the great national problems that the Head of State submits to it in the terms that will be established in complementary provisions.

The decree also established a Political Secretariat that, with the mission of directing the march of the new organization, would be made up of the most distinguished Falangist and traditionalist elements, under the presidency of the dictator Francisco Franco.[7]

On 5 August 1937, Franco promulgated the statutes of FET and JONS, defined as "the inspiring Militant Movement and base of the Spanish State",[8] in which it was established that "the Movement, in terms of organization, would include three classes of active members: militants, who were all those affiliated with the existing political groupings at the time of Unification (a way of fusing old shirts with new shirts and traditionalists); military, since all active generals, chiefs, officers and classes of the Army were considered full members; and adherents, who once again registered and were required to prove service capacity before becoming militants.[9]

Regarding the National Council, in the statutes it was said that it would be made up of the National Chief (the Caudillo himself), the president and vice president of the Political Junta, the head of the Militias and the delegates of the different services of the party, in addition to those that the Caudillo designated "by reason of his hierarchy in the State, up to a number not exceeding twelve and those who are in attention to their merits and exceptional services." It was chaired by the National Chief (Franco) who was the only one who could convene it and establish the agenda for the deliberations. As for its powers, it was said that they were to "know" (not decide) the guidelines of the organizations of the Movement and the State, as well as "all the great national issues submitted by the Head of the Movement.[10]

First Council edit

 
Interior of the abbey church of Monastery of Las Huelgas in Burgos, where the First National Council of FET and JONS was held.

In November 1937, General Franco appointed the fifty members of the National Council. As was the case with the rest of the party bodies, the Political Board was made up of six Falangists and four Carlists; there were only eight Carlists at the head of the Provincial Boards) the majority of those appointed by Franco were Falangists (twenty-six), while the Carlists were only eleven and the monarchists six (six soldiers completed their fifties).[11]

The first National Council of FET and JONS was held on 2 December 1937 at the Monastery of Las Huelgas in Burgos.[12] The Council was made up of 50 members and brought together various political tendencies, with a majority of old Falangists (Pilar Primo de Rivera, Mercedes Sanz, Fernández-Cuesta, Agustín Aznar, Ridruejo, Girón, Sancho Dávila, Jesús Suevos) and neo-Falangists (Gamero del Castillo), which together exceeded fifty percent (they totaled twenty-six).

With them, traditionalists (Tomás Domínguez Arévalo and Fal Conde, who did not attend), monarchists (José María Pemán, Eugenio Montes Domínguez, Yanguas, Valdecasas, Vegas, Pedro Sainz Rodríguez) and military (Gonzalo Queipo de Llano, Jordana, Juan Yagüe, Juan Luis Beigbeder, José Monasterio Ituarte).[13]

References edit

  1. ^ Ysàs, Pere (2013). "El Consejo Nacional del Movimiento en el franquismo tardío" (PDF). Falange, las culturas políticas del fascismo en la España de Franco (1936–1975), Vol. 1. Instituto "Fernando El Católico": 365–380. ISBN 978-8499112169.
  2. ^ Giménez Martínez 2015, pp. 271–272.
  3. ^ a b Giménez Martínez 2015, p. 275.
  4. ^ Luis Suárez Fernández, Franco, Ariel 2005, ISBN 84-344-6781-X, p.96.
  5. ^ Giménez Martínez 2015, pp. 288.
  6. ^ Bardavío & Sinova 2000, p. 177.
  7. ^ González-Bueno y Bocos, Pedro (2006). En una España cambiante. Vivencias y recuerdos de un ministro de Franco (in Spanish). Áltera, Barcelona (España). ISBN 84-89779-89-9.
  8. ^ Rodríguez Jiménez, José Luis (1997). La extrema derecha española en el siglo XX. p. 249.
  9. ^ Luis Suárez Fernández, op. cit, p.95
  10. ^ José Luis Rodríguez Jiménez, op. cit, p.252
  11. ^ José Luis Rodríguez Jiménez, op. cit, p.252–253
  12. ^ José María García Escudero, Historia General de España y América, ISBN 84-321-2359-5, p.58
  13. ^ Canal 2006, pp. 343–344.

Bibliography edit

  • Bardavío, Joaquín; Sinova, Justino (2000). Todo Franco. Franquismo y antifranquismo de la A a la Z (in Spanish). Plaza & Janés.
  • Canal, Jordi (2006). Banderas blancas, boinas rojas: una historia política del carlismo, 1876-1939 (in Spanish). Marcial Pons Historia. ISBN 84-96467-34-1.
  • Giménez Martínez, Miguel Ángel (2015). El Consejo Nacional del Movimiento: la "cámara de las ideas" del franquismo (in Spanish). Investigaciones históricas. pp. 271–298. ISSN 0210-9425.
  • Rodríguez Jiménez, José Luis (1997). La extrema derecha española en el siglo XX (in Spanish). Alianza Editorial. ISBN 84-206-2887-5.

January 01, 1970
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You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Spanish October 2012 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the Spanish article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 5 030 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Spanish Wikipedia article at es Consejo Nacional del Movimiento see its history for attribution You may also add the template Translated es Consejo Nacional del Movimiento to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation The National Council of the Movement Spanish Consejo Nacional del Movimiento originally Consejo Nacional de FET y de las JONS was an institution of the Franco dictatorship of a collegiate nature which was subordinated to the Head of State 1 2 Originally created under the name of the National Council of FET and the JONS on 19 October 1937 in the midst of the Civil War it would continue to exist until 1977 following the death of Francisco Franco and the dismantling of institutions of his regime National Council of the Movement Consejo Nacional del MovimientoTypeTypeAdvisory BodyHistoryEstablished19 October 1937Disbanded16 June 1977Meeting placePalace of the Senate Madrid Its internal structure was strongly inspired by the Italian Grand Fascist Council and the National Council of the National Fascist Party 3 Its members the councillors with a maximum number of 50 3 were first appointed by Franco in 1937 integrating all the political forces that intervened in the coup d etat of July 1936 that started the Civil War and that had been unified by decree in April 1937 under the name of Falange Espanola Tradicionalista y de las JONS FET y de las JONS 4 It met for the first time in December 1937 at the Monastery of las Huelgas in Burgos Later after the end of the war it would meet in the old Palace of the Senate in Madrid 5 Like the Francoist Cortes the National Council would be dissolved shortly before the 1977 elections 6 Contents 1 History 1 1 Creation 1 2 First Council 2 References 3 BibliographyHistory editCreation editThe National Council of the Traditionalist Spanish Falange and the JONS FET y de las JONS was created by the Unification Decree by which the single party of the Franco dictatorship was founded It took as a model the National Council of the Spanish Falange of the JONS whose merger with the Carlist Traditionalist Communion gave birth to FET y de las JONS In the second article of the Unification Decree it was stated The governing bodies of the new national political entity will be the Head of State a Secretariat or Political Board and the National Council The Council will take cognizance of the great national problems that the Head of State submits to it in the terms that will be established in complementary provisions The decree also established a Political Secretariat that with the mission of directing the march of the new organization would be made up of the most distinguished Falangist and traditionalist elements under the presidency of the dictator Francisco Franco 7 On 5 August 1937 Franco promulgated the statutes of FET and JONS defined as the inspiring Militant Movement and base of the Spanish State 8 in which it was established that the Movement in terms of organization would include three classes of active members militants who were all those affiliated with the existing political groupings at the time of Unification a way of fusing old shirts with new shirts and traditionalists military since all active generals chiefs officers and classes of the Army were considered full members and adherents who once again registered and were required to prove service capacity before becoming militants 9 Regarding the National Council in the statutes it was said that it would be made up of the National Chief the Caudillo himself the president and vice president of the Political Junta the head of the Militias and the delegates of the different services of the party in addition to those that the Caudillo designated by reason of his hierarchy in the State up to a number not exceeding twelve and those who are in attention to their merits and exceptional services It was chaired by the National Chief Franco who was the only one who could convene it and establish the agenda for the deliberations As for its powers it was said that they were to know not decide the guidelines of the organizations of the Movement and the State as well as all the great national issues submitted by the Head of the Movement 10 First Council edit nbsp Interior of the abbey church of Monastery of Las Huelgas in Burgos where the First National Council of FET and JONS was held In November 1937 General Franco appointed the fifty members of the National Council As was the case with the rest of the party bodies the Political Board was made up of six Falangists and four Carlists there were only eight Carlists at the head of the Provincial Boards the majority of those appointed by Franco were Falangists twenty six while the Carlists were only eleven and the monarchists six six soldiers completed their fifties 11 The first National Council of FET and JONS was held on 2 December 1937 at the Monastery of Las Huelgas in Burgos 12 The Council was made up of 50 members and brought together various political tendencies with a majority of old Falangists Pilar Primo de Rivera Mercedes Sanz Fernandez Cuesta Agustin Aznar Ridruejo Giron Sancho Davila Jesus Suevos and neo Falangists Gamero del Castillo which together exceeded fifty percent they totaled twenty six With them traditionalists Tomas Dominguez Arevalo and Fal Conde who did not attend monarchists Jose Maria Peman Eugenio Montes Dominguez Yanguas Valdecasas Vegas Pedro Sainz Rodriguez and military Gonzalo Queipo de Llano Jordana Juan Yague Juan Luis Beigbeder Jose Monasterio Ituarte 13 References edit Ysas Pere 2013 El Consejo Nacional del Movimiento en el franquismo tardio PDF Falange las culturas politicas del fascismo en la Espana de Franco 1936 1975 Vol 1 Instituto Fernando El Catolico 365 380 ISBN 978 8499112169 Gimenez Martinez 2015 pp 271 272 a b Gimenez Martinez 2015 p 275 Luis Suarez Fernandez Franco Ariel 2005 ISBN 84 344 6781 X p 96 Gimenez Martinez 2015 pp 288 Bardavio amp Sinova 2000 p 177 Gonzalez Bueno y Bocos Pedro 2006 En una Espana cambiante Vivencias y recuerdos de un ministro de Franco in Spanish Altera Barcelona Espana ISBN 84 89779 89 9 Rodriguez Jimenez Jose Luis 1997 La extrema derecha espanola en el siglo XX p 249 Luis Suarez Fernandez op cit p 95 Jose Luis Rodriguez Jimenez op cit p 252 Jose Luis Rodriguez Jimenez op cit p 252 253 Jose Maria Garcia Escudero Historia General de Espana y America ISBN 84 321 2359 5 p 58 Canal 2006 pp 343 344 Bibliography editBardavio Joaquin Sinova Justino 2000 Todo Franco Franquismo y antifranquismo de la A a la Z in Spanish Plaza amp Janes Canal Jordi 2006 Banderas blancas boinas rojas una historia politica del carlismo 1876 1939 in Spanish Marcial Pons Historia ISBN 84 96467 34 1 Gimenez Martinez Miguel Angel 2015 El Consejo Nacional del Movimiento la camara de las ideas del franquismo in Spanish Investigaciones historicas pp 271 298 ISSN 0210 9425 Rodriguez Jimenez Jose Luis 1997 La extrema derecha espanola en el siglo XX in Spanish Alianza Editorial ISBN 84 206 2887 5 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title National Council of the Movement amp oldid 1216438384, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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