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Nathaniel North (c. 1671–1716) was a pirate during the Golden Age of Piracy, operating in the Indian Ocean under John Bowen and then as captain of the Defiant following Bowen's retirement in 1704. After losing the Defiant he ruled a pirate colony at Ambonaivo made up of his former crew before returning to sea. North reportedly retired with great wealth in 1709, settling in Madagascar and marrying a local woman, but was later murdered by her family.
Nathaniel North
Captain Nathaniel North, as depicted in the 1933 World Wide Gum Co. "Sea Raiders" trading card series
In 1689 North was a crewman aboard an English privateer attacking French shipping during the War of the Grand Alliance. He was impressed into the Royal Navy but made his way to Jamaica. There he again met British press gangs, but escaped by jumping overboard and swimming to shore. By 1696 North was a crewman in a band of privateers (which included future captain George Booth) who captured the 18-gun brigantine Pelican off Newfoundland. While the privateer under new captain Robert Colley obtained a commission to attack French holdings in West Africa, they instead travelled to Madagascar where they searched for ships based out of ports on the Arabian and Swahili coasts. When they failed to find any ships, the Pelican instead raided villages on the Comoro Islands.
Upon returning to Madagascar, North was elected quartermaster by the crew after Colley and a number of others died of illness; ship's cooper Joseph Wheeler was made captain. The Pelican then joined Dirk Chivers and Robert Culliford and the three ships together captured the Great Mohammed. Chivers and Culliford, however, refused to share the spoils from the Great Mohammed, claiming that the Pelican had not taken part in the battle. Following this event, the Pelican left the trio and later captured three small ships, keeping one and renaming her Dolphin. Damage caused to both ships in a hurricane forced a return to Madagascar, where the plunder was divided, with each of the pirates receiving around £700.
Early careeredit
In 1699, North served again as quartermaster under captain Samuel Inless, who had been given command of the Dolphin. After taking a large Danish ship they sailed to Île Sainte-Marie and divided the plunder with each man receiving around £400. While at the Île Sainte-Marie, however, four British warships under Commodore Thomas Warren arrived, forcing Inless to burn the Dolphin. While a pardon was offered to the pirates – several of whom accepted it – North instead fled in the ship's longboat, escaping to Madagascar.
In 1701, North turned to raiding settlements on land, leading a plundering expedition ashore in the Comoros Islands. His raiding party looted villages on Ngazidja and held the sultan of Mayotte for ransom before returning to sea.[2]
Later career and deathedit
It was not until 1707 that North joined John Halsey as quartermaster on the brigantineCharles. During this period two British ships were captured, one of which Halsey took for himself and returned to Madagascar, leaving North in command of the Charles. This proved to be short-lived, as the Charles ran aground shortly after. North then returned to Madagascar and lived with the King of Maratan. In 1709 North returned to Ambonavoula where he traded with Mauritius and occasionally acquired slaves from Johanna. At some period after this, during a native conflict he was reportedly captured and later murdered by the opposing natives.[3]
While some historians claim North never existed, as his story is mostly known from the factually questionable 1724 General History of the Pyrates, witness accounts do survive describing his piracy. A 1708 letter from the English settlement at Fort St. George, India describes how North lost the Charles, having "lost all his Anchors and Cables amongst the Maldiva Islands, and was obliged to run the Briggantine ashore at Maratan." The writer had been captured by the pirates and noted, "we had been very secure had either White lived, or North their Quartermaster been there."[4]
Seitz, Don Carlos, Howard F. Gospel and Stephen Wood. Under the Black Flag: Exploits of the Most Notorious Pirates. Mineola, New York: Courier Dover Publications, 2002. ISBN0-486-42131-7
Notesedit
^Seitz, Don Carlos. For the remainder of his life... Under the Black Flag: Exploits of the Most Notorious Pirates Mineola, New York: Courier Dover Publications, 2002. ISBN0-486-42131-7
^Newitt, Malyn (1983). "The Comoro Islands in Indian Ocean Trade before the 19th Century". Cahiers d'Études Africaines. 23 (89). EHESS: 158. doi:10.3406/cea.1983.2260. JSTOR 4391844.
^Johnson, Charles (1724). The history of the pyrates: containing the lives of Captain Mission. Captain Bowen. Captain Kidd ... and their several crews. London: T. Woodward. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
^Diary and consultation book of 1708. Madras: Printed by the Superintendent, Govt. Press. 1929. p. 33. Retrieved 6 May 2024.
May 23, 2024
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This article relies largely or entirely on a single source Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources Find sources Nathaniel North news newspapers books scholar JSTOR December 2021 Nathaniel North c 1671 1716 was a pirate during the Golden Age of Piracy operating in the Indian Ocean under John Bowen and then as captain of the Defiant following Bowen s retirement in 1704 After losing the Defiant he ruled a pirate colony at Ambonaivo made up of his former crew before returning to sea North reportedly retired with great wealth in 1709 settling in Madagascar and marrying a local woman but was later murdered by her family Nathaniel NorthCaptain Nathaniel North as depicted in the 1933 World Wide Gum Co Sea Raiders trading card seriesBornc 1671 BermudaDied1716MadagascarPiratical careerTypePrivateer pirateYears activec 1689 1703 4 1707 1716RankQuartermaster CaptainBase of operationsAtlantic Ocean Red Sea Indian OceanCommandsBrigantine Defiant frigate CharlesLater workOccasional slaver 1 Contents 1 Early life 2 Early career 3 Later career and death 4 See also 5 References 5 1 NotesEarly life editIn 1689 North was a crewman aboard an English privateer attacking French shipping during the War of the Grand Alliance He was impressed into the Royal Navy but made his way to Jamaica There he again met British press gangs but escaped by jumping overboard and swimming to shore By 1696 North was a crewman in a band of privateers which included future captain George Booth who captured the 18 gun brigantine Pelican off Newfoundland While the privateer under new captain Robert Colley obtained a commission to attack French holdings in West Africa they instead travelled to Madagascar where they searched for ships based out of ports on the Arabian and Swahili coasts When they failed to find any ships the Pelican instead raided villages on the Comoro Islands Upon returning to Madagascar North was elected quartermaster by the crew after Colley and a number of others died of illness ship s cooper Joseph Wheeler was made captain The Pelican then joined Dirk Chivers and Robert Culliford and the three ships together captured the Great Mohammed Chivers and Culliford however refused to share the spoils from the Great Mohammed claiming that the Pelican had not taken part in the battle Following this event the Pelican left the trio and later captured three small ships keeping one and renaming her Dolphin Damage caused to both ships in a hurricane forced a return to Madagascar where the plunder was divided with each of the pirates receiving around 700 Early career editIn 1699 North served again as quartermaster under captain Samuel Inless who had been given command of the Dolphin After taking a large Danish ship they sailed to Ile Sainte Marie and divided the plunder with each man receiving around 400 While at the Ile Sainte Marie however four British warships under Commodore Thomas Warren arrived forcing Inless to burn the Dolphin While a pardon was offered to the pirates several of whom accepted it North instead fled in the ship s longboat escaping to Madagascar In 1701 North turned to raiding settlements on land leading a plundering expedition ashore in the Comoros Islands His raiding party looted villages on Ngazidja and held the sultan of Mayotte for ransom before returning to sea 2 Later career and death editIt was not until 1707 that North joined John Halsey as quartermaster on the brigantine Charles During this period two British ships were captured one of which Halsey took for himself and returned to Madagascar leaving North in command of the Charles This proved to be short lived as the Charles ran aground shortly after North then returned to Madagascar and lived with the King of Maratan In 1709 North returned to Ambonavoula where he traded with Mauritius and occasionally acquired slaves from Johanna At some period after this during a native conflict he was reportedly captured and later murdered by the opposing natives 3 While some historians claim North never existed as his story is mostly known from the factually questionable 1724 General History of the Pyrates witness accounts do survive describing his piracy A 1708 letter from the English settlement at Fort St George India describes how North lost the Charles having lost all his Anchors and Cables amongst the Maldiva Islands and was obliged to run the Briggantine ashore at Maratan The writer had been captured by the pirates and noted we had been very secure had either White lived or North their Quartermaster been there 4 See also editRobert Colley pirate References editSeitz Don Carlos Howard F Gospel and Stephen Wood Under the Black Flag Exploits of the Most Notorious Pirates Mineola New York Courier Dover Publications 2002 ISBN 0 486 42131 7 Notes edit Seitz Don Carlos For the remainder of his life Under the Black Flag Exploits of the Most Notorious Pirates Mineola New York Courier Dover Publications 2002 ISBN 0 486 42131 7 Newitt Malyn 1983 The Comoro Islands in Indian Ocean Trade before the 19th Century Cahiers d Etudes Africaines 23 89 EHESS 158 doi 10 3406 cea 1983 2260 JSTOR 4391844 Johnson Charles 1724 The history of the pyrates containing the lives of Captain Mission Captain Bowen Captain Kidd and their several crews London T Woodward Retrieved 26 July 2017 Diary and consultation book of 1708 Madras Printed by the Superintendent Govt Press 1929 p 33 Retrieved 6 May 2024 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Nathaniel North amp oldid 1222446443, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
