A brigantine is a two-masted sailing vessel with a fully square-rigged foremast and at least two sails on the main mast: a square topsail and a gaff sail mainsail (behind the mast).[1] The main mast is the second and taller of the two masts.
Brigantine
Brigantine Experiment of Newburyport, 114 tons, built at Amesbury in 1803.
Type
Sailing rig
Place of origin
Atlantic maritime nations
Older usages are looser; in addition to the rigorous definition above (attested from 1695), the Oxford English Dictionary has about 1525 definitions of "a small vessel equipped both for sailing and rowing, swifter and more easily manœuvred than larger ships" and "(loosely) various kinds of foreign sailing and rowing vessels, as the galleon, galliot, etc."[2]
Modern American definitions include vessels without the square sails on the main mast.
In the Mediterranean Basin during the 13th century, a brigantine referred to a sail- and oar-driven war vessel.[3] It was lateen rigged on two masts and had between eight and twelve oars on each side. Its speed, maneuverability, and ease of handling made it a favourite of Mediterranean pirates. Its name is derived from the Italian word brigantino, which in turn is derived from brigante[4] "brigand". Other than in names, this vessel has no relation to the later brigantines developed in Northern Europe.[citation needed]
By the 17th century, the term was adopted by Atlantic maritime nations. The vessel had no lateen sails, but was instead square-rigged on the foremast and had a gaff-rigged mainsail with square rig above it on the mainmast.[5] The mainmast of a brigantine is the aft one.
By the first half of the 18th century, the word had evolved to refer not to a kind of vessel, but rather to a particular type of rigging: two-masted, with her foremast fully square-rigged and her mainmast rigged with both a fore-and-aft mainsail (a gaff sail) and square topsails and possibly topgallant sails.[1]
The brigantine was the second-most popular rig for ships built in the British colonies in North America before 1775[6] The most popular type of vessel was the sloop. The brigantine was swifter and more easily maneuvered than a sloop or schooner, hence was employed for piracy, espionage, and reconnoitering, and as an outlying attendant upon large ships for protecting a ship, or for supply or landing purposes in a fleet.
The brigantine could be of various sizes, ranging from 30 to 150 tons burden.[6] The brigantine was generally larger than a sloop or schooner, but smaller than a brig.[3]
The last sailing true brigantine in the world is the Eye of the Wind.[1]
Modern terminology
A modern brigantine sail plan or "hermaphrodite brig"
The steamshipColumbia, an example of a late 19th-century auxiliary schooner brig-rigged vessel
The definition given above describes the international usage of the term brigantine. In modern American terminology, the term brigantine now usually means a vessel with the foremast square rigged and the mainmast fore-and-aft rigged, without any square sails. Historically, this rig used was called a schooner brig' or hermaphrodite brig.[7] In Europe, the distinction is typically still made. The training ship Zebu, which circumnavigated the Earth as part of Operation Raleigh, is an example of a schooner brig.
Differences from brig
The word brig is an 18th-century shortening of the word brigantine, but came to mean a different type of rigging. The gaff-rigged mainsail on a brigantine distinguishes it from the brig, which is principally square-rigged on both masts. In addition to the different sail configuration, the brigantine's mainmast is made from two parts and equal to that of a schooner, a quite long mast and a top mast. The mainmast of a brig is made from three parts and equal to that of a fully rigged ship - a mast, topmast, and topgallant mast. With the advent of modern (metal) pole masts, this last difference typically no longer exists.
^ abHaalmeijer, Hans (2006). Aken, tjalken en kraken: zeilschepen van de Lage Landen : de binnenvaart [Barges and others: sailing ships of the Low Countries: inland navigation] (in Dutch). De Alk. ISBN978-90-6013-274-6.
^"'Brigantino'". Dizionario Etimologico Online (in Italian). Retrieved February 8, 2019.
^Kemp, Peter, ed. (1994). The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN9780192115539.
^ ab"Brigentines Described". www.gaspee.info. Retrieved 19 March 2018.
^"brigantine". Universalium Academic. Retrieved 19 March 2018.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Brigantines.
Look up brigantine in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
El bergantín goleta "Jaime Soberano segundo" (in Spanish)
January 05, 2023
brigantine, confused, with, brig, this, article, about, sailing, vessel, category, adjective, house, braganza, city, jersey, kind, medieval, armor, brigandine, brigantine, masted, sailing, vessel, with, fully, square, rigged, foremast, least, sails, main, mast. Not to be confused with Brig This article is about the sailing vessel category For the adjective Brigantine see House of Braganza For the city see Brigantine New Jersey For the kind of medieval armor see Brigandine A brigantine is a two masted sailing vessel with a fully square rigged foremast and at least two sails on the main mast a square topsail and a gaff sail mainsail behind the mast 1 The main mast is the second and taller of the two masts BrigantineBrigantine Experiment of Newburyport 114 tons built at Amesbury in 1803 TypeSailing rigPlace of originAtlantic maritime nationsOlder usages are looser in addition to the rigorous definition above attested from 1695 the Oxford English Dictionary has about 1525 definitions of a small vessel equipped both for sailing and rowing swifter and more easily manœuvred than larger ships and loosely various kinds of foreign sailing and rowing vessels as the galleon galliot etc 2 Modern American definitions include vessels without the square sails on the main mast Contents 1 Mediterranean brigantines 2 17th century and onwards 3 Modern terminology 4 Differences from brig 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksMediterranean brigantines EditIn the Mediterranean Basin during the 13th century a brigantine referred to a sail and oar driven war vessel 3 It was lateen rigged on two masts and had between eight and twelve oars on each side Its speed maneuverability and ease of handling made it a favourite of Mediterranean pirates Its name is derived from the Italian word brigantino which in turn is derived from brigante 4 brigand Other than in names this vessel has no relation to the later brigantines developed in Northern Europe citation needed 17th century and onwards Edit A brigantine sail plan By the 17th century the term was adopted by Atlantic maritime nations The vessel had no lateen sails but was instead square rigged on the foremast and had a gaff rigged mainsail with square rig above it on the mainmast 5 The mainmast of a brigantine is the aft one By the first half of the 18th century the word had evolved to refer not to a kind of vessel but rather to a particular type of rigging two masted with her foremast fully square rigged and her mainmast rigged with both a fore and aft mainsail a gaff sail and square topsails and possibly topgallant sails 1 The brigantine was the second most popular rig for ships built in the British colonies in North America before 1775 6 The most popular type of vessel was the sloop The brigantine was swifter and more easily maneuvered than a sloop or schooner hence was employed for piracy espionage and reconnoitering and as an outlying attendant upon large ships for protecting a ship or for supply or landing purposes in a fleet The brigantine could be of various sizes ranging from 30 to 150 tons burden 6 The brigantine was generally larger than a sloop or schooner but smaller than a brig 3 The last sailing true brigantine in the world is the Eye of the Wind 1 Modern terminology Edit A modern brigantine sail plan or hermaphrodite brig The steamship Columbia an example of a late 19th century auxiliary schooner brig rigged vessel The definition given above describes the international usage of the term brigantine In modern American terminology the term brigantine now usually means a vessel with the foremast square rigged and the mainmast fore and aft rigged without any square sails Historically this rig used was called a schooner brig or hermaphrodite brig 7 In Europe the distinction is typically still made The training ship Zebu which circumnavigated the Earth as part of Operation Raleigh is an example of a schooner brig Differences from brig EditThe word brig is an 18th century shortening of the word brigantine but came to mean a different type of rigging The gaff rigged mainsail on a brigantine distinguishes it from the brig which is principally square rigged on both masts In addition to the different sail configuration the brigantine s mainmast is made from two parts and equal to that of a schooner a quite long mast and a top mast The mainmast of a brig is made from three parts and equal to that of a fully rigged ship a mast topmast and topgallant mast With the advent of modern metal pole masts this last difference typically no longer exists See also EditSnow ship Brig ship References Edit a b c Sandstrom Fredrik 2000 Brigantine Archived copy Archived from the original on 2014 02 09 Retrieved 2013 11 15 brigantine Oxford English Dictionary Online ed Oxford University Press Subscription or participating institution membership required a b Haalmeijer Hans 2006 Aken tjalken en kraken zeilschepen van de Lage Landen de binnenvaart Barges and others sailing ships of the Low Countries inland navigation in Dutch De Alk ISBN 978 90 6013 274 6 Brigantino Dizionario Etimologico Online in Italian Retrieved February 8 2019 Kemp Peter ed 1994 The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea Oxford Oxford University Press ISBN 9780192115539 a b Brigentines Described www gaspee info Retrieved 19 March 2018 brigantine Universalium Academic Retrieved 19 March 2018 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Brigantines Look up brigantine in Wiktionary the free dictionary El bergantin goleta Jaime Soberano segundo in Spanish Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Brigantine amp oldid 1062410460, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
