Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn al-Ḥasan al-Muthannā ibn al-Ḥasan al-Mujtabā ibn ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib[1] or Muḥammad al-Nafs al-Zakīyya (Arabic: محمد بن عبد الله بن الحسن بن الحسن بن علي الملقَّب النفس الزكية, lit. 'The Pure Soul'), was a descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, through his daughter Fatimah. Known for his commanding oratory skills, amiable demeanor, and impressive build, he led the Alid Revolt in Medina, a failed rebellion, against the second Abbasid caliph Al-Mansur. He and a few hundred soldiers faced against a large Abbasid force under Isa ibn Musa, and he was killed on December 6, 762 CE (145 AH).
Initially, he hoped to rebel against Umayyad rule, when the children of Hashim paid their allegiance to him at Abwa. Among them were Ibrahim al-Imam, As-Saffah and Al-Mansur. But it soon became clear that Abbasid rule was established, so those who had paid allegiance to him deserted him, and another group of Shiites flocked around him.[2]
Personality
Muhammad was an inspirational figure to many throughout the caliphate who believed that he was destined for glory due to his ancestry. For years he disguised himself and travelled stealthily, since his professed relationship to the Prophet meant that he posed a threat to the established political order. He was eventually able to amass a sizable but ragtag army and seize the city of Medina. He then left Medina in the year 145 A.H and took over Mecca and Yemen. He was murdered in Medina a few months later.[2]
Revolt in 762–763
Medina was an exceptionally poor place for any large-scale insurrection due to its dependence on other provinces for goods, and his motley army of devotees were no match for the Caliph's imperial soldiers. Despite the advantage held by the Abbasid troops, Muhammad refused to step down in the hours before battle, utilizing the historic trenches dug by the Prophet to fortify the city decades earlier.[3]
^ abFiraq al-Shi’ah (The Shi'ah Groups), by Abu Muhammad al-Hasan bin Musa al-Nubakhti, pg.62, and Al-Maqalat wa al-Firaq, by Sa'ad Ibn Abdillah al-Ash'ari al-Qummi (d. 301), pg.76
^ abAl-Tabari, Muhammad ibn Jarir; Williams, John Alden (1995). The History of al-Tabari, Volume XXVIII: Abbasid Authority Affirmed. p. 95.
^ abAl-Tabari, Muhammad ibn Jarir; Landau-Tasseron, Ella (1998). The History of al-Tabari, Volume XXXIX: Biographies of the Prophet's Companions and their Successors. p. 76.
May 02, 2023
muhammad, nafs, zakiyya, muḥammad, ʿabd, allāh, Ḥasan, muthannā, Ḥasan, mujtabā, ʿalī, abī, Ṭālib, muḥammad, nafs, zakīyya, arabic, محمد, بن, عبد, الله, بن, الحسن, بن, الحسن, بن, علي, الملق, النفس, الزكية, pure, soul, descendant, islamic, prophet, muhammad, th. Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allah ibn al Ḥasan al Muthanna ibn al Ḥasan al Mujtaba ibn ʿAli ibn Abi Ṭalib 1 or Muḥammad al Nafs al Zakiyya Arabic محمد بن عبد الله بن الحسن بن الحسن بن علي الملق ب النفس الزكية lit The Pure Soul was a descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through his daughter Fatimah Known for his commanding oratory skills amiable demeanor and impressive build he led the Alid Revolt in Medina a failed rebellion against the second Abbasid caliph Al Mansur He and a few hundred soldiers faced against a large Abbasid force under Isa ibn Musa and he was killed on December 6 762 CE 145 AH Contents 1 Life 1 1 Personality 1 2 Revolt in 762 763 2 Ancestry 3 See also 4 ReferencesLife EditInitially he hoped to rebel against Umayyad rule when the children of Hashim paid their allegiance to him at Abwa Among them were Ibrahim al Imam As Saffah and Al Mansur But it soon became clear that Abbasid rule was established so those who had paid allegiance to him deserted him and another group of Shiites flocked around him 2 Personality Edit Muhammad was an inspirational figure to many throughout the caliphate who believed that he was destined for glory due to his ancestry For years he disguised himself and travelled stealthily since his professed relationship to the Prophet meant that he posed a threat to the established political order He was eventually able to amass a sizable but ragtag army and seize the city of Medina He then left Medina in the year 145 A H and took over Mecca and Yemen He was murdered in Medina a few months later 2 Revolt in 762 763 Edit Medina was an exceptionally poor place for any large scale insurrection due to its dependence on other provinces for goods and his motley army of devotees were no match for the Caliph s imperial soldiers Despite the advantage held by the Abbasid troops Muhammad refused to step down in the hours before battle utilizing the historic trenches dug by the Prophet to fortify the city decades earlier 3 Ancestry EditAncestors of Muhammad al Nafs al Zakiyya16 Ali ibn Abi Talib 5 20 8 Hasan ibn Ali 5 17 Fatima bint Muhammad 7 21 4 Hasan al Muthanna 5 18 Manzur ibn Zaban 8 9 Khawla bint Manzur 5 19 Mulayka bint Sinan 8 2 Abd Allah al Kamil 4 20 Ali ibn Abi Talib 5 16 10 Husayn ibn Ali 5 21 Fatima bint Muhammad 7 17 5 Fatima bint Husayn 5 22 Talha ibn Ubayd Allah 9 11 Umm Ishaq bint Talha 5 23 al Jarba bint Qasama 9 1 Muhammad al Nafs al Zakiyya24 Zama a ibn al Aswad 10 12 Abd Allah ibn Zama a 6 25 Qurayba the Elder bint Abi Umayya 10 6 Abu Ubaydah ibn Abd Allah 4 26 Abu Salama ibn ʿAbd al Asad 6 13 Zaynab bint Abi Salama 6 27 Umm Salama bint Abi Umayya 6 3 Hind bint Abi Ubaydah 4 See also EditAbbasids Alids Abdullah Shah Ghazi son of Muhammad Ja far al Sadiq Nafs e Zakiyyah Pure soul ZaydismReferences Edit Imam Reza A S Network www imamreza net a b Firaq al Shi ah The Shi ah Groups by Abu Muhammad al Hasan bin Musa al Nubakhti pg 62 and Al Maqalat wa al Firaq by Sa ad Ibn Abdillah al Ash ari al Qummi d 301 pg 76 Hugh Kennedy When Baghdad Ruled the Muslim World Da Capo P 2004 21 26 ISBN 978 0 306 81480 8 a b c Elad Amikam 2015 The Rebellion of Muhammad Al Nafs Al Zakiyya in 145 762 Talibis and Early Abbsis in Conflict p 2 a b c d e f g h Ibn Sa d Muḥammad Bewley Aisha 2000 The Men of Madina Volume 2 p 197 a b c d Ibn Sa d Muḥammad Bewley Aisha 1995 The Women of Madina p 298 a b Walbridge Linda S 2001 The Most Learned of the Shi a The Institution of the Marja Taqlid p 102 ISBN 9780195343939 a b van Gelder Geert 2005 Close Relationships Incest and Inbreeding in Classical Arabic Literature p 19 ISBN 9781850438557 a b Al Tabari Muhammad ibn Jarir Williams John Alden 1995 The History of al Tabari Volume XXVIII Abbasid Authority Affirmed p 95 a b Al Tabari Muhammad ibn Jarir Landau Tasseron Ella 1998 The History of al Tabari Volume XXXIX Biographies of the Prophet s Companions and their Successors p 76 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Muhammad al Nafs al Zakiyya amp oldid 1127640666, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
