A moveable bridge, or movable bridge, is a bridge that moves to allow passage for boats[1] or barges.[2] In American English, the term is synonymous with drawbridge, and the latter is the common term, but drawbridge can be limited to the narrower, historical definition used in some other forms of English, in which drawbridge refers to only a specific type of moveable bridge often found in castles.
An advantage of making bridges moveable is the lower cost, due to the absence of high piers and long approaches. The principal disadvantage is that the traffic on the bridge must be halted when it is opened for passage of traffic on the waterway. For seldom-used railroad bridges[3] over busy channels, the bridge may be left open and then closed for train passages. For small bridges, bridge movement may be enabled without the need for an engine. Some bridges are operated by the users, especially those with a boat, others by a bridgeman (or bridge tender); a few are remotely controlled using video-cameras and loudspeakers. Generally, the bridges are powered by electric motors, whether operating winches, gearing, or hydraulic pistons. While moveable bridges in their entirety may be quite long, the length of the moveable portion is restricted by engineering and cost considerations to a few hundred feet.
There are often traffic lights for the road and water traffic, and moving barriers for the road traffic.
In the United States,[4] regulations governing the operation of moveable bridges (referred to as drawbridges)[5] – for example, hours of operation and how much advance notice must be given by water traffic – are listed in Title 33 of the Code of Federal Regulations;[6] temporary deviations are published in the Coast Guard's Local Notice to Mariners.[7]
Bascule bridge – a drawbridge hinged on pins with a counterweight to facilitate raising; road or rail
Rolling bascule bridge – an unhinged drawbridge lifted by the rolling of a large gear segment along a horizontal rack
Folding bridge – a drawbridge with multiple sections that collapse together horizontally
Curling bridge – a drawbridge with transverse divisions between multiple sections that curl vertically
Fan Bridge – a drawbridge with longitudinal divisions between multiple bascule sections that rise to various angles of elevation, forming a fan arrangement.
Vertical-lift bridge – the bridge deck is lifted by counterweighted cables mounted on towers; road or rail
Table bridge – a lift bridge with the lifting mechanism mounted underneath it
Retractable bridge (Thrust bridge) – the bridge deck is retracted to one side
Submersible bridge – also called a ducking bridge, the bridge deck is lowered into the water
Tilt bridge – the bridge deck, which is curved and pivoted at each end, is lifted at an angle
Swing bridge – the bridge deck rotates around a fixed point, usually at the centre, but may resemble a gate in its operation; road or rail
This section needs expansion with: international examples. You can help by adding to it. (October 2014)
April 23, 1853 – Rancocas Creek, New Jersey: Engineer of the Camden & Amboy's 2 p.m. train out of Camden, New Jersey missed stop signals and ran his train off an open drawspan at Rancocas Creek. There were 27 fatalities.
June 29, 1864 – St-Hilaire train disaster, Mont-St-Hilaire, Quebec, Canada: A Grand Trunk Railway passenger train failed to observe a red signal and ran through an open swing bridge over the Richelieu River. Ninety-nine were killed and 100 were injured.
September 15, 1958 – Newark Bay, New Jersey rail accident, Elizabethport, New Jersey: Central Railroad of New Jersey (CNJ) commuter train #3314 from Bay Head Junction to Jersey City ran a stop signal and an open derail protecting the Newark Bay 4-span lift bridge, and the train's two diesel locomotives and two of five passenger cars went into Newark Bay through one of the open spans. Four crewmen, including the engineer and fireman, and 44 passengers died by drowning.
September 22, 1993 – Mobile, Alabama, US: In heavy fog and low visibility, a disoriented towboat pilot made a wrong turn and entered a non-navigable waterway. Due to inexperience and improper radar training, the pilot did not realize he was off-course and struck an unfinished swing bridge over the Big Bayou Canot around 2:45AM, knocking it out of alignment by approximately three feet (one meter), although his initial supposition in the low visibility was that one of the barges had run aground. The rails kinked but did not break, so no fault was indicated for approaching trains. Approximately 8 minutes later, an Amtrak train carrying 220 passengers derailed at the kinked portion of the rails, killing 47 and injuring 103 more.
November 23, 1996 – Kearny, New Jersey, US: An Amtrak passenger and mail train derailed while crossing the Portal Bridge over the Hackensack River, sideswiping another passenger train in the process. Thirty-four people were injured. A broken rail joint on one pair of the bridge's movable rails at each end of the span caused a track misalignment, while still making electrical contact with the landward rails; thus signals were clear, derails closed, and a fault indication was not displayed.
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Moveable Bridges in the British Isles
NSW moveable bridges
February 16, 2024
moveable, bridge, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, april, 20. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Moveable bridge news newspapers books scholar JSTOR April 2011 Learn how and when to remove this template message A moveable bridge or movable bridge is a bridge that moves to allow passage for boats 1 or barges 2 In American English the term is synonymous with drawbridge and the latter is the common term but drawbridge can be limited to the narrower historical definition used in some other forms of English in which drawbridge refers to only a specific type of moveable bridge often found in castles Madison Street Bridge a bascule bridge over the Chicago River in Chicago ILThe Rode Brug Red Bridge across the Vecht river in Utrecht NetherlandsThe Marine Parkway Gil Hodges Memorial Bridge in New York CityAn advantage of making bridges moveable is the lower cost due to the absence of high piers and long approaches The principal disadvantage is that the traffic on the bridge must be halted when it is opened for passage of traffic on the waterway For seldom used railroad bridges 3 over busy channels the bridge may be left open and then closed for train passages For small bridges bridge movement may be enabled without the need for an engine Some bridges are operated by the users especially those with a boat others by a bridgeman or bridge tender a few are remotely controlled using video cameras and loudspeakers Generally the bridges are powered by electric motors whether operating winches gearing or hydraulic pistons While moveable bridges in their entirety may be quite long the length of the moveable portion is restricted by engineering and cost considerations to a few hundred feet There are often traffic lights for the road and water traffic and moving barriers for the road traffic In the United States 4 regulations governing the operation of moveable bridges referred to as drawbridges 5 for example hours of operation and how much advance notice must be given by water traffic are listed in Title 33 of the Code of Federal Regulations 6 temporary deviations are published in the Coast Guard s Local Notice to Mariners 7 Contents 1 Types 2 Visual index 3 Accidents 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksTypes editDouble beam drawbridge Drawbridge British English definition the bridge deck is hinged on one end Bascule bridge a drawbridge hinged on pins with a counterweight to facilitate raising road or rail Rolling bascule bridge an unhinged drawbridge lifted by the rolling of a large gear segment along a horizontal rack Folding bridge a drawbridge with multiple sections that collapse together horizontally Curling bridge a drawbridge with transverse divisions between multiple sections that curl vertically Fan Bridge a drawbridge with longitudinal divisions between multiple bascule sections that rise to various angles of elevation forming a fan arrangement Vertical lift bridge the bridge deck is lifted by counterweighted cables mounted on towers road or rail Table bridge a lift bridge with the lifting mechanism mounted underneath it Retractable bridge Thrust bridge the bridge deck is retracted to one side Submersible bridge also called a ducking bridge the bridge deck is lowered into the water Tilt bridge the bridge deck which is curved and pivoted at each end is lifted at an angle Swing bridge the bridge deck rotates around a fixed point usually at the centre but may resemble a gate in its operation road or rail Transporter bridge a structure high above carries a suspended ferry like structure Jet bridge a passenger bridge to an airplane One end is mobile with height yaw and tilt adjustments on the outboard end Guthrie rolling bridge Vlotbrug a design of retractable floating bridge in the Netherlands Linkspan Ferry slip Locks are implicitly bridges as well allowing ship traffic to flow when open and at least foot traffic on top when closedVisual index edit nbsp Drawbridge nbsp Bascule bridge nbsp Folding bridge nbsp Curling bridge nbsp Vertical lift bridge nbsp Table bridge nbsp Retractable bridge Thrust bridge nbsp Rolling bascule bridge nbsp Submersible bridge nbsp Tilt bridge nbsp Swing bridge nbsp Transporter bridgeAccidents editThis section needs expansion with international examples You can help by adding to it October 2014 April 23 1853 Rancocas Creek New Jersey Engineer of the Camden amp Amboy s 2 p m train out of Camden New Jersey missed stop signals and ran his train off an open drawspan at Rancocas Creek There were 27 fatalities June 29 1864 St Hilaire train disaster Mont St Hilaire Quebec Canada A Grand Trunk Railway passenger train failed to observe a red signal and ran through an open swing bridge over the Richelieu River Ninety nine were killed and 100 were injured November 7 1916 Summer Street Bridge Disaster Boston Massachusetts a streetcar loaded with passengers ran off an open drawbridge into Fort Point Channel near downtown Boston killing 46 passengers September 15 1958 Newark Bay New Jersey rail accident Elizabethport New Jersey Central Railroad of New Jersey CNJ commuter train 3314 from Bay Head Junction to Jersey City ran a stop signal and an open derail protecting the Newark Bay 4 span lift bridge and the train s two diesel locomotives and two of five passenger cars went into Newark Bay through one of the open spans Four crewmen including the engineer and fireman and 44 passengers died by drowning September 22 1993 Mobile Alabama US In heavy fog and low visibility a disoriented towboat pilot made a wrong turn and entered a non navigable waterway Due to inexperience and improper radar training the pilot did not realize he was off course and struck an unfinished swing bridge over the Big Bayou Canot around 2 45AM knocking it out of alignment by approximately three feet one meter although his initial supposition in the low visibility was that one of the barges had run aground The rails kinked but did not break so no fault was indicated for approaching trains Approximately 8 minutes later an Amtrak train carrying 220 passengers derailed at the kinked portion of the rails killing 47 and injuring 103 more November 23 1996 Kearny New Jersey US An Amtrak passenger and mail train derailed while crossing the Portal Bridge over the Hackensack River sideswiping another passenger train in the process Thirty four people were injured A broken rail joint on one pair of the bridge s movable rails at each end of the span caused a track misalignment while still making electrical contact with the landward rails thus signals were clear derails closed and a fault indication was not displayed See also editBailey bridge Medium Girder Bridge and Armoured vehicle launched bridge transportable or relocatable bridges Barton Swing Aqueduct a swing bridge carrying barge traffic over a ship canal List of movable bridges in Connecticut Lists of rail accidents Pontoon bridge may be built with a barge or boat like section that may be moved for passage References edit Boat Wikipedia 2023 04 09 retrieved 2023 05 17 Schneider C C 1907 Movable Bridges Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers Volume 33 Part 1 Page 154 List of road rail bridges Wikipedia 2023 04 15 retrieved 2023 05 17 United States Wikipedia 2023 05 16 retrieved 2023 05 17 Part 117 Drawbridge Operation Regulations PDF Title 33 Code of Federal Regulations United States Government Printing Office July 1 2006 Retrieved August 9 2013 2005 CFR Title 33 Volume 1 Access gpo gov Archived from the original on 2008 10 12 Retrieved 2009 12 01 Local Notice to Mariners USCG Navigation Center United States Coast Guard Retrieved 2009 12 01 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Moveable bridges Moveable Bridges in the British Isles NSW moveable bridges Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Moveable bridge amp oldid 1189616285, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
