Mountain Jews in Israel, also known as the Juhurim, refers to immigrants and descendants of the immigrants of the Mountain Jewish communities, who now reside within the state of Israel. The Mountain Jewish community are involved with "Mizrachi Jews" (Oriental) groupung.[1]
Even before the advent of Zionism, the Juhurim had a desire to return to Zion, which many did in the 1840s and 1850s.[2]
Founders of Be'er Ya'akov, 1908"Caucasian" (Mountain Jewish) and Uzbek restaurant in Haifa
First wave of emigration: 1881–1947edit
Mountain Jews were among the first to make Aliyah, with some immigrating independent of the Zionist movement, while others came inspired by it.[3] They were represented at the Zionist congresses and the first Mountain Jewish settlers in Ottoman Syria established the modern Israeli town of Be'er Ya'akov in 1907.[3] In the early 1920s, Baku became one of the centres of the Jewish national movement, and Zionist newspapers were published in Juhuri.[4][5]
1948–1970sedit
The Mountain Jews living in the Soviet Union celebrated the creation of the State of Israel loudly and proudly, which led to repression by Soviet authorities. Many were arrested and imprisoned for engaging in "anti-Soviet propaganda."[3] The Six-Day War resulted in an eruption of Jewish patriotism among Mountain Jews, although the broader Zionist awakening didn't take place until the early 1970s. It was then when over 10,000 Mountain Jews (about a quarter of the population) emigrated to Israel.[6]
1990s–presentedit
Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, thousands of Mountain Jews moved to Israel.[7] During the First Chechen War, some left due to the violence. Despite the usual close relations between Jews and Chechens, many were kidnapped by Chechen gangs who ransomed their freedom to "the international Jewish community."[8]
^Gale, Thomas. "Mountain Jews". Already in the 1840s or 1850s the yearning for the Holy Land led some Mountain Jews to Ereẓ Israel. In the 1870s and 1880s Jerusalem emissaries regularly visited Daghestan to collect money. In the second half of the 1880s a Kolel Daghestan already existed in Jerusalem.
^ abcGitelman, Zvi (2001). Century of Ambivalence: The Jews of Russia and the Soviet Union. Indiana University Press. p. 197&211. ISBN978-0253214188.
^(in Russian) The Electronic Jewish Encyclopædia: Baku
^Yisrael, Muzeon (June 1, 2003). Mountain Jews: Customs and Daily Life in the Caucasus. Israel Museum. p. 41. ISBN978-9652783158.
^Goluboff, Sascha (December 29, 2002). Jewish Russians: Upheavals in a Moscow Synagogue. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 126. ISBN978-0812218381.
^Sneider, Daniel. "MOUNTAIN JEWS of RUSSIA". The Christian Science Monitor.
^"Around the Jewish World: "Russia's Mountain Jews Support War in Chechnya, but Are Eager to Get Out". JTA.
November 23, 2023
mountain, jews, israel, also, known, juhurim, refers, immigrants, descendants, immigrants, mountain, jewish, communities, reside, within, state, israel, mountain, jewish, community, involved, with, mizrachi, jews, oriental, groupung, total, population120, 000r. Mountain Jews in Israel also known as the Juhurim refers to immigrants and descendants of the immigrants of the Mountain Jewish communities who now reside within the state of Israel The Mountain Jewish community are involved with Mizrachi Jews Oriental groupung 1 Mountain Jews in IsraelTotal population120 000 140 000Regions with significant populationsBeersheba Or Akiva Hadera Acre SderotLanguagesHebrew Juhuri RussianReligionJudaism Contents 1 History 1 1 First wave of emigration 1881 1947 1 2 1948 1970s 1 3 1990s present 2 Notable people 3 See also 4 SourcesHistory editEven before the advent of Zionism the Juhurim had a desire to return to Zion which many did in the 1840s and 1850s 2 nbsp Founders of Be er Ya akov 1908 nbsp Caucasian Mountain Jewish and Uzbek restaurant in HaifaFirst wave of emigration 1881 1947 edit Mountain Jews were among the first to make Aliyah with some immigrating independent of the Zionist movement while others came inspired by it 3 They were represented at the Zionist congresses and the first Mountain Jewish settlers in Ottoman Syria established the modern Israeli town of Be er Ya akov in 1907 3 In the early 1920s Baku became one of the centres of the Jewish national movement and Zionist newspapers were published in Juhuri 4 5 1948 1970s edit The Mountain Jews living in the Soviet Union celebrated the creation of the State of Israel loudly and proudly which led to repression by Soviet authorities Many were arrested and imprisoned for engaging in anti Soviet propaganda 3 The Six Day War resulted in an eruption of Jewish patriotism among Mountain Jews although the broader Zionist awakening didn t take place until the early 1970s It was then when over 10 000 Mountain Jews about a quarter of the population emigrated to Israel 6 1990s present edit Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union thousands of Mountain Jews moved to Israel 7 During the First Chechen War some left due to the violence Despite the usual close relations between Jews and Chechens many were kidnapped by Chechen gangs who ransomed their freedom to the international Jewish community 8 Notable people editYekutiel Adam Udi Adam Yafa Yarkoni Sarit Hadad Lior Refaelov Omer Adam Astrix Eli Babayev Albert SolomonovSee also editMountain Jews Aliyah Iranian Jews in Israel Georgian Jews in Israel 1970s Soviet Union aliyah 1990s Post Soviet aliyah Azerbaijan Israel relationsSources edit Statistical Abstract of Israel 2009 CBS Table 2 24 Jews by country of origin and age PDF Retrieved 22 March 2010 Gale Thomas Mountain Jews Already in the 1840s or 1850s the yearning for the Holy Land led some Mountain Jews to Ereẓ Israel In the 1870s and 1880s Jerusalem emissaries regularly visited Daghestan to collect money In the second half of the 1880s a Kolel Daghestan already existed in Jerusalem a b c Gitelman Zvi 2001 Century of Ambivalence The Jews of Russia and the Soviet Union Indiana University Press p 197 amp 211 ISBN 978 0253214188 in Russian The Electronic Jewish Encyclopaedia Baku Yisrael Muzeon June 1 2003 Mountain Jews Customs and Daily Life in the Caucasus Israel Museum p 41 ISBN 978 9652783158 Goluboff Sascha December 29 2002 Jewish Russians Upheavals in a Moscow Synagogue University of Pennsylvania Press p 126 ISBN 978 0812218381 Sneider Daniel MOUNTAIN JEWS of RUSSIA The Christian Science Monitor Around the Jewish World Russia s Mountain Jews Support War in Chechnya but Are Eager to Get Out JTA Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Mountain Jews in Israel amp oldid 1170333341, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
