The Mountain Division, Royal Artillery, was an administrative grouping of mountain artillery units of the Royal Artillery from 1889. It continued as a distinct branch of the Royal Garrison Artillery until World War I.
Since 1882 the garrison artillery units of the Royal Artillery (Regular, Militia and Volunteers) had been grouped into 11 territorial 'divisions' based on recruiting area rather than function. On 1 July 1889 these were reorganised into three larger divisions, but at the same time the five existing mountain batteries, together with five other batteries (four garrison and one field) newly converted to the role, were grouped into a separate Mountain Division. While garrison batteries were redesignated 'companies' from 1 August 1891 (indicating that they could be assigned to any permanent gun battery), the specialist mountain units, who were issued their own guns, remained 'batteries'. The Mountain Division consisted only of Regular RA units: no militia or volunteer units were equipped as mountain artillery.[1][2] There were also a number of mountain batteries in India officered by the RA, but these were on the establishments of the Indian Armies.[3] Unlike the territorial divisions, the Mountain Division had no defined headquarters, but a depot was established at Newport, Monmouthshire.[4]
Compositionedit
Mountain Division, RA, comprised the following batteries:[2][4][5][6]
7th Bty at Quetta – converted from 1st Bty, 1st Bde, Northern Division
8th Bty at Jutogh – transferred from 2nd (Mountain) Bty, 1st Bde, London Division
9th Bty at Rawalpindi – converted from 1st Bty, 1st Bde, Eastern Division
10th Bty at Newport – converted from 2nd Bty, 1st Bde, South Irish Division
Reorganisationedit
In 1899 the Royal Artillery was divided into two distinct branches, field and garrison. The field branch included the Royal Horse Artillery (RHA) and the newly-named Royal Field Artillery (RFA). The garrison branch was named the Royal Garrison Artillery (RGA) and included coast defence, position, heavy, siege and mountain artillery. The RGA temporarily retained the divisional structure with the division being redesignated the Mountain Division, RGA, and the batteries becoming '1st Mountain Bty, RGA', etc. While the territorial divisions were scrapped on 31 December 1901, the term 'Mountain Division' continued as the title of a distinct branch of the RGA until World War I.[1][2][5][6][7]
In 1901 the batteries were distributed as follows:[8]
Postwar, the RGA adopted the regiment-sized 'brigades' employed by the RHA and RFA and the mountain batteries were organised into a number of 'Pack Brigades'.[2][5][6][9]
J.B.M. Frederick, Lineage Book of British Land Forces 1660–1978, Vol II, Wakefield: Microform Academic, 1984, ISBN 1-85117-009-X.
Lt-Gen H.G. Hart, The New Annual Army List, Militia List, Yeomanry Cavalry List and Indian Civil Service List for 1890, London: John Murray, 1889.
Lt-Gen H.G. Hart, The New Annual Army List, Militia List and Yeomanry Cavalry List for 1901, London: John Murray, 1901.
T.A. Heathcote, The Indian Army, The Garrison of British Imperial India, 1822–1922, Newton Abbot: David & Charles, 1974, ISBN 0-7153-6635-1.
Lt-Col M.E.S. Lawes, Battery Records of the Royal Artillery, 1859–1877, Woolwich: Royal Artillery Institution, 1970.
War Office, Monthly Army List, London: HM Stationery Office, 1882–1923.
April 10, 2024
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The Mountain Division Royal Artillery was an administrative grouping of mountain artillery units of the Royal Artillery from 1889 It continued as a distinct branch of the Royal Garrison Artillery until World War I Mountain Division RACap Badge of the Royal Regiment of ArtilleryActive1 July 1889 1920Country United KingdomBranchBritish ArmyTypeAdministrative divisionPart ofRoyal Artillery Contents 1 Organisation 2 Composition 3 Reorganisation 4 Notes 5 ReferencesOrganisation editSince 1882 the garrison artillery units of the Royal Artillery Regular Militia and Volunteers had been grouped into 11 territorial divisions based on recruiting area rather than function On 1 July 1889 these were reorganised into three larger divisions but at the same time the five existing mountain batteries together with five other batteries four garrison and one field newly converted to the role were grouped into a separate Mountain Division While garrison batteries were redesignated companies from 1 August 1891 indicating that they could be assigned to any permanent gun battery the specialist mountain units who were issued their own guns remained batteries The Mountain Division consisted only of Regular RA units no militia or volunteer units were equipped as mountain artillery 1 2 There were also a number of mountain batteries in India officered by the RA but these were on the establishments of the Indian Armies 3 Unlike the territorial divisions the Mountain Division had no defined headquarters but a depot was established at Newport Monmouthshire 4 Composition editMountain Division RA comprised the following batteries 2 4 5 6 1st Bty at Rawalpindi transferred from 2nd Mountain Bty 1st Bde Scottish Division 2nd Bty at Rawalpindi transferred from 2nd Mountain Bty 1st Bde Cinque Ports Division 3rd Bty at Darjeeling transferred from 9th Mountain Bty 1st Bde Northern Division 4th Bty in Natal converted from H Bty 4th Brigade RA 5th Bty at Jutogh transferred from 9th Mountain Bty 1st Bde Cinque Ports Division 6th Bty at Rawalpindi converted from 3rd Bty 1st Bde South Irish Division 7th Bty at Quetta converted from 1st Bty 1st Bde Northern Division 8th Bty at Jutogh transferred from 2nd Mountain Bty 1st Bde London Division 9th Bty at Rawalpindi converted from 1st Bty 1st Bde Eastern Division 10th Bty at Newport converted from 2nd Bty 1st Bde South Irish DivisionReorganisation editIn 1899 the Royal Artillery was divided into two distinct branches field and garrison The field branch included the Royal Horse Artillery RHA and the newly named Royal Field Artillery RFA The garrison branch was named the Royal Garrison Artillery RGA and included coast defence position heavy siege and mountain artillery The RGA temporarily retained the divisional structure with the division being redesignated the Mountain Division RGA and the batteries becoming 1st Mountain Bty RGA etc While the territorial divisions were scrapped on 31 December 1901 the term Mountain Division continued as the title of a distinct branch of the RGA until World War I 1 2 5 6 7 In 1901 the batteries were distributed as follows 8 1st Bty at Bara Gali 2nd Bty at Khaira Gali 3rd Bty at Kalabagh 4th Bty in South Africa 5th Bty at Jutogh 6th Bty at Jutogh 7th Bty at Quetta 8th Bty at Darjeeling 9th Bty at Mandalay 10th Bty in South Africa converted into 107 Siege Train Company RGA 1903 Depot at NewportThereafter until World War I eight companies rotated around the same mountain stations in India with one being stationed at Cairo 6 With the formation of the part time Territorial Force TF in 1908 the 1st Argyll amp Bute RGA Volunteers was converted into 4th Highland Mountain Brigade Royal Garrison Artillery attached to the Highland Division as the TF s only mountain artillery unit 6 9 Postwar the RGA adopted the regiment sized brigades employed by the RHA and RFA and the mountain batteries were organised into a number of Pack Brigades 2 5 6 9 Notes edit a b Frederick p 574 a b c d Frederick pp 891 2 Heathcote pp 42 3 a b Hart s Army List 1890 a b c Lawes Vol II Index a b c d e Monthly Army Lists Frederick pp 580 95 Hart s Army List 1901 a b Frederick pp 897 9 References editJ B M Frederick Lineage Book of British Land Forces 1660 1978 Vol II Wakefield Microform Academic 1984 ISBN 1 85117 009 X Lt Gen H G Hart The New Annual Army List Militia List Yeomanry Cavalry List and Indian Civil Service List for 1890 London John Murray 1889 Lt Gen H G Hart The New Annual Army List Militia List and Yeomanry Cavalry List for 1901 London John Murray 1901 T A Heathcote The Indian Army The Garrison of British Imperial India 1822 1922 Newton Abbot David amp Charles 1974 ISBN 0 7153 6635 1 Lt Col M E S Lawes Battery Records of the Royal Artillery 1859 1877 Woolwich Royal Artillery Institution 1970 War Office Monthly Army List London HM Stationery Office 1882 1923 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Mountain Division Royal Artillery amp oldid 1042230859, wikipedia, wiki, book, 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