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Morane-Saulnier G

March 05, 2023

The Morane-Saulnier G was a two-seat sport and racing monoplane produced in France before the First World War.[1][2] It was a development of the racing monoplanes designed by Léon Morane and Raymond Saulnier after leaving Borel and, like its predecessors, was a wire-braced, shoulder-wing monoplane.[2] Construction was of fabric-covered wood throughout, except for the undercarriage struts which were of steel tube.[3]

Type G
Role Sport aircraft
Manufacturer Morane-Saulnier
First flight 1912

The type was a sporting success. In April 1913, Roland Garros took second place in the inaugural Schneider Cup in a floatplane version,[4] finishing with a time of 40 minutes 40 seconds.[5] On 26 June, Claude Grahame-White flew another float-equipped example from Paris to London via Le Havre, Boulogne-sur-Mer, and Dover,[6] covering some 500 km (310 mi) that day.[7] Between 21 and 28 September the same year, two float-equipped Type Gs competed at the seaplane meeting at San Sebastián, with Lord Carbery winning the short takeoff prize on one, and Edmond Audemars winning the maneuverability prize on the other.[8] The following week, Carbery flew his Type G in the Italian Waterplane Contest from Lake Como to Pavia and back, along with two other Type Gs in the field of fifteen competitors, these flown by Garros and Morane.[9][10] Garros not only won the Grand Prize in the "general class", but also the prizes for best speed (127.7 km/h, 79.8 mph) and greatest altitude (2,100 m, 6,000 ft).[9]

On 28 September 1913 Roland Garros became the first person to cross the Mediterranean Sea by air, flying from Fréjus in the south of France to Bizerte in Tunisia[11] in a Morane-Saulnier G.

In 1914, Russian manufacturer Duks arranged to build the type under licence at their Moscow factory for the Russian Army,[9] and the same year, the Turkish military ordered 40 examples.[9] Before these could be delivered, however, war broke out, and the aircraft were impressed into the French Army.[9] To these, the Army soon added an order of 94 aircraft, and the British Royal Flying Corps also acquired a number, these latter machines purchased from Grahame-White, who was manufacturing the type in the UK under licence.[2] At the outbreak of war, the type's military value was found to be wanting, and the French machines were quickly relegated to training duties.[2]

Despite this, a dedicated single-seat fighter version was built in 1915, armed with an 8 mm Hotchkiss machine gun that fired through the propeller arc, the propeller blades being protected by deflector plates.[12] Only one or two prototypes were built, and the type never entered service.[13]

Some Type Gs were modified by Morane-Saulnier to have their wings mounted above the fuselage, parasol-fashion, rather than at the fuselage sides. This arrangement was found to offer far better visibility for the pilot, and formed the basis for the Morane-Saulnier L.[2]

A Type G is preserved at the Museo del Aire (Madrid) (Museo del Aire de Cuatrovientos).

Variants

Type GA
version with 40 kW (60 hp) Le Rhône engine
Type GB
version with 60 kW (80 hp) Gnome engine
Type WB
version for export to Russia with glazed forward fuselage
MoS-2
official French government STAe designation for the G
Thulin B
Licence-built by AB Thulinverken in Sweden
Grahame-White Type XIV
License built by Claude Grahame-White in the United Kingdom

Various versions were given the STAé designation MoS-2, MoS-14 (GB), MoS-15 (GB), MoS-17 (G), MoS-18 (G) and MoS-19 (GA).

Operators

  Argentina
  Cuba
  France
  Russia
  Soviet Union
  Spain
  Turkey
  United Kingdom

Specifications (GB)

Data from Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War I, p. 116

General characteristics

  • Crew: one pilot
  • Capacity: one passenger
  • Length: 6.30 m (20 ft 8 in)
  • Wingspan: 9.20 m (30 ft 2 in)
  • Wing area: 16 m2 (172 sq ft)
  • Empty weight: 95 kg (208 lb)
  • Gross weight: 370 kg (815 lb)
  • Powerplant: 1 × Gnome , 60 kW (80 hp)

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 123 km/h (76 mph, 66 kn)
  • Rate of climb: 1.8 m/s (345 ft/min)

Notes

  1. ^ Taylor 1989, 648
  2. ^ a b c d e "The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft", 2539
  3. ^ "The Latest Morane-Saulnier Monoplane", 564
  4. ^ Hartmann 2001, 10. This machine is often misreported as a Morane-Saulnier H
  5. ^ "The Monaco Meeting", 450
  6. ^ "Mr Grahame-Wnite's Seine—Thames Trip"
  7. ^ Hartmann 2001, 10
  8. ^ Hartmann 2001, 11
  9. ^ a b c d e Hartmann 2001, 12
  10. ^ "Italian Waterplane Contest", 1129
  11. ^ "Flying the Mediterranean". Flight. V (39): 1078. 27 September 1913. Retrieved 24 September 2014.
  12. ^ "Morane-Saulnier type G"
  13. ^ Green and Swanborough 1994
  14. ^ Bruce 1982, pp. 287–288

References

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Morane-Saulnier G.
  • Bruce, J. M. (1982). The Aeroplanes of the Royal Flying Corps (Military Wing). London: Putnam. ISBN 0-370-30084-X.
  • Devaux, Jean (March 1998). "Courrier des Lecteurs" [Readers Letters]. Avions: Toute l'aéronautique et son histoire (in French). No. 60. p. 2. ISSN 1243-8650.
  • Green, William; Swanborough, Gordon (1994). The Complete Book of Fighters. Godalming, UK: Colour Library Direct. ISBN 0-86288-220-6.
  • Hartmann, Gérard (2001). "L'incroyable Morane-Saulnier hydro" (PDF). La Coupe Schneider et hydravions anciens/Dossiers historiques hydravions et moteurs. Retrieved 2008-11-07.
  • The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft. London: Aerospace Publishing.
  • Kulikov, Victor (February 1998). ""A l'abordage!" Les Morane-Saulnier type G en Russie" [On Aboard! The Morane-Saulnier Type G in Russia]. Avions: Toute l'aéronautique et son histoire (in French). No. 59. pp. 10–14. ISSN 1243-8650.
  • "Italian Waterplane Contest". Flight. 11 October 1913. p. 1129. Retrieved 2008-11-10.
  • Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War I. London: Studio Editions. 2001. ISBN 0-517-03376-3.
  • "The Latest Morane-Saulnier Monoplane". Flight. 24 May 1913. pp. 561–564. Retrieved 2008-11-07.
  • "The Monaco Meeting". Flight. 19 April 1913. p. 450. Retrieved 2008-11-07.
  • "Mr Grahame-Wnite's Seine—Thames Trip". Flight. 5 July 1913. p. 749. Retrieved 2008-11-07.
  • . EADS website. Archived from the original on 2009-01-09. Retrieved 2008-11-07.
  • Taylor, Michael J. H. (1989). Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation. London: Studio Editions. ISBN 0-7106-0710-5.

Further reading

  • Lacaze, Henri & Lherbert, Claude (2013). Morane Saulnier: ses avions, ses projets [Morane Saulnier: Their Aircraft and Projects] (in French). Outreau, France: Lela Presse. ISBN 978-2-914017-70-1.

March 05, 2023
morane, saulnier, seat, sport, racing, monoplane, produced, france, before, first, world, development, racing, monoplanes, designed, léon, morane, raymond, saulnier, after, leaving, borel, like, predecessors, wire, braced, shoulder, wing, monoplane, constructi. The Morane Saulnier G was a two seat sport and racing monoplane produced in France before the First World War 1 2 It was a development of the racing monoplanes designed by Leon Morane and Raymond Saulnier after leaving Borel and like its predecessors was a wire braced shoulder wing monoplane 2 Construction was of fabric covered wood throughout except for the undercarriage struts which were of steel tube 3 Type GRole Sport aircraftManufacturer Morane SaulnierFirst flight 1912The type was a sporting success In April 1913 Roland Garros took second place in the inaugural Schneider Cup in a floatplane version 4 finishing with a time of 40 minutes 40 seconds 5 On 26 June Claude Grahame White flew another float equipped example from Paris to London via Le Havre Boulogne sur Mer and Dover 6 covering some 500 km 310 mi that day 7 Between 21 and 28 September the same year two float equipped Type Gs competed at the seaplane meeting at San Sebastian with Lord Carbery winning the short takeoff prize on one and Edmond Audemars winning the maneuverability prize on the other 8 The following week Carbery flew his Type G in the Italian Waterplane Contest from Lake Como to Pavia and back along with two other Type Gs in the field of fifteen competitors these flown by Garros and Morane 9 10 Garros not only won the Grand Prize in the general class but also the prizes for best speed 127 7 km h 79 8 mph and greatest altitude 2 100 m 6 000 ft 9 On 28 September 1913 Roland Garros became the first person to cross the Mediterranean Sea by air flying from Frejus in the south of France to Bizerte in Tunisia 11 in a Morane Saulnier G In 1914 Russian manufacturer Duks arranged to build the type under licence at their Moscow factory for the Russian Army 9 and the same year the Turkish military ordered 40 examples 9 Before these could be delivered however war broke out and the aircraft were impressed into the French Army 9 To these the Army soon added an order of 94 aircraft and the British Royal Flying Corps also acquired a number these latter machines purchased from Grahame White who was manufacturing the type in the UK under licence 2 At the outbreak of war the type s military value was found to be wanting and the French machines were quickly relegated to training duties 2 Despite this a dedicated single seat fighter version was built in 1915 armed with an 8 mm Hotchkiss machine gun that fired through the propeller arc the propeller blades being protected by deflector plates 12 Only one or two prototypes were built and the type never entered service 13 Some Type Gs were modified by Morane Saulnier to have their wings mounted above the fuselage parasol fashion rather than at the fuselage sides This arrangement was found to offer far better visibility for the pilot and formed the basis for the Morane Saulnier L 2 A Type G is preserved at the Museo del Aire Madrid Museo del Aire de Cuatrovientos Contents 1 Variants 2 Operators 3 Specifications GB 4 Notes 5 References 6 Further readingVariants EditType GA version with 40 kW 60 hp Le Rhone engine Type GB version with 60 kW 80 hp Gnome engine Type WB version for export to Russia with glazed forward fuselage MoS 2 official French government STAe designation for the G Thulin B Licence built by AB Thulinverken in Sweden Grahame White Type XIV License built by Claude Grahame White in the United KingdomVarious versions were given the STAe designation MoS 2 MoS 14 GB MoS 15 GB MoS 17 G MoS 18 G and MoS 19 GA Operators Edit ArgentinaArgentine Air Force CubaCuban Air Force One aircraft FranceAeronautique Militaire 94 ordered plus 40 impounded from Turkish order French Navy RussiaImperial Russian Air Force Soviet UnionSoviet Air Force Taken over from the Imperial Russian Air Force SpainSpanish Air Force TurkeyOttoman Air Force 40 ordered but never delivered United KingdomRoyal Flying Corps one acquired at start of First World War 14 Specifications GB EditData from Jane s Fighting Aircraft of World War I p 116General characteristicsCrew one pilot Capacity one passenger Length 6 30 m 20 ft 8 in Wingspan 9 20 m 30 ft 2 in Wing area 16 m2 172 sq ft Empty weight 95 kg 208 lb Gross weight 370 kg 815 lb Powerplant 1 Gnome 60 kW 80 hp Performance Maximum speed 123 km h 76 mph 66 kn Rate of climb 1 8 m s 345 ft min Notes Edit Taylor 1989 648 a b c d e The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft 2539 The Latest Morane Saulnier Monoplane 564 Hartmann 2001 10 This machine is often misreported as a Morane Saulnier H The Monaco Meeting 450 Mr Grahame Wnite s Seine Thames Trip Hartmann 2001 10 Hartmann 2001 11 a b c d e Hartmann 2001 12 Italian Waterplane Contest 1129 Flying the Mediterranean Flight V 39 1078 27 September 1913 Retrieved 24 September 2014 Morane Saulnier type G Green and Swanborough 1994 Bruce 1982 pp 287 288References Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Morane Saulnier G Bruce J M 1982 The Aeroplanes of the Royal Flying Corps Military Wing London Putnam ISBN 0 370 30084 X Devaux Jean March 1998 Courrier des Lecteurs Readers Letters Avions Toute l aeronautique et son histoire in French No 60 p 2 ISSN 1243 8650 Green William Swanborough Gordon 1994 The Complete Book of Fighters Godalming UK Colour Library Direct ISBN 0 86288 220 6 Hartmann Gerard 2001 L incroyable Morane Saulnier hydro PDF La Coupe Schneider et hydravions anciens Dossiers historiques hydravions et moteurs Retrieved 2008 11 07 The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft London Aerospace Publishing Kulikov Victor February 1998 A l abordage Les Morane Saulnier type G en Russie On Aboard The Morane Saulnier Type G in Russia Avions Toute l aeronautique et son histoire in French No 59 pp 10 14 ISSN 1243 8650 Italian Waterplane Contest Flight 11 October 1913 p 1129 Retrieved 2008 11 10 Jane s Fighting Aircraft of World War I London Studio Editions 2001 ISBN 0 517 03376 3 The Latest Morane Saulnier Monoplane Flight 24 May 1913 pp 561 564 Retrieved 2008 11 07 The Monaco Meeting Flight 19 April 1913 p 450 Retrieved 2008 11 07 Mr Grahame Wnite s Seine Thames Trip Flight 5 July 1913 p 749 Retrieved 2008 11 07 Morane Saulnier type G EADS website Archived from the original on 2009 01 09 Retrieved 2008 11 07 Taylor Michael J H 1989 Jane s Encyclopedia of Aviation London Studio Editions ISBN 0 7106 0710 5 Further reading EditLacaze Henri amp Lherbert Claude 2013 Morane Saulnier ses avions ses projets Morane Saulnier Their Aircraft and Projects in French Outreau France Lela Presse ISBN 978 2 914017 70 1 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Morane Saulnier G amp oldid 1109279994, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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