The Mongolian nobility (Mongolian:ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠲᠠᠨ; yazgurtan; ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢᠲᠠᠨ survaljtan) arose between the 10th and 12th centuries, became prominent in the 13th century, and essentially governed Mongolia until the early 20th century.
Noyon (ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ), meaning "King of a State", a ruler of a vassal/tributary state under the Mongol Empire.
Jonon (ᠵᠢᠨᠤᠩ), meaning "Crown Prince", the heir apparent of the Great Khaan. During the Yuan dynasty, the Jonon resided in Kharakhorum and administered ceremonial events.
Tumetu-iin Noyan, meaning "Commander of a Tümen". A tümen was a military unit of 10,000 troops. There were initially only nine tümens in the Mongol Empire in 1206, but by 1368 there were 40 Mongol tümens and four Oirattümens.
Mingghan-u Noyan , meaning "Commander of a Mingghan". A mingghan was a military unit of 1,000 troops.
Jagutu-iin Darga , meaning "Commander of a Zuut". A zuut was a military unit of 100 troops.
Arban-u Darga , meaning "Commander of an Aravt". An aravt was a military unit of 10 troops.
Begum or Behi (别姬), referred to a noble lady, a Turkic term used to refer to the wife or daughter of a bey.
Gonji (ᠭᠦᠩᠵᠦ; 公主), referred to a princess or noble lady.
Northern Yuan dynasty (1368–1635)
Nobility titles
Khaan (Khagan), the supreme ruler of the Northern Yuan Empire.
Khan, a title for a Mongol feudal lord. By the mid-16th century, there were a number of khans in Mongolia as local feudal lords started calling themselves khan. Note that this khan is different from khaan; khaan was reserved for the supreme ruler only.
Jinong (ᠵᠢᠨᠤᠩ, the crown prince or heir apparent of the Khaan. He resided in the Inner Mongolia region. From the 15th century, the title became a hereditary one and was no longer reserved exclusively for the heir apparent of the Khaan.
Khong Tayiji (ᠬᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ;, originated from the Chinese term huangtaizi (皇太子; "Imperial Crown Prince"). It was used to refer to a descendant of Genghis Khan who had his own fief.
Taiji (ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ;), a title for a descendant of Genghis Khan.
Wang, a title for a descendant of Qasar or any of Genghis Khan's brothers who had his own fief.
Taishi (ᠲᠠᠢᠱᠢ; Grand Preceptor), a title for a noble of non-Borjigit descent who had his own fief. Such nobles included the descendants of Tumetu-iin Noyans.
Female titles
Taihu, the Khaan's consort.
Khatun , referred to a queen consort or noble lady of equivalent status.
Gonji, referred to a princess or noble lady of equivalent status.
Behichi (Beiji), referred to a princess consort or noble lady of equivalent status.
Qing dynasty (1691–1911) and Bogd Khaganate (1911–1924)
Khan (Хаан), referred to the lord of a hoshun. Note that this title is of a lower status than the Khaan or Khagan used in earlier times. Among the Khalkha Mongols, there were four khans: Tushietu Khan, Zasagtu Khan, Secen Khan and Sain Noyan Khan. In the Kobdo region, there were two khans: Tögs Hülüg Dalai Khan and Ünen Zorigtu Khan. Despite the association of the four aimags with these titles, the khan's power was restricted to only within his hoshun. The khan would communicate with the Qing Emperor just as any other hoshun lord.
Ashan-i hafan (男爵; equivalent of baron), a special title awarded to foreigners (e.g. Alexander Zanzer I) during the reign of Bogd Khan. The baron drew an annual income of 3,500 taels of silver and 60 rolls of silk.
The following six titles were the same as those used by members of the Manchu nobility. (See here for details.) These titles were usually hereditary, and were decorated with styles to form a longer title (e.g. KhorchinJasagh Darhan Chin-Wang 科爾沁扎薩克達爾罕親王) to indicate which hoshun the noble was from.
Chin Wang (ᠴᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ 親王), referred to the lord of a hoshun. A chin wang drew an annual income of 2,600 taels of silver and 40 rolls of silk, and owned 60 slaves.
Giyün Wang (ᠭᠢᠶᠦᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ 郡王), referred to the lord of a hoshun. A giyün wang drew an annual income of 1,200–2,000 taels of silver and 15–25 rolls of silk, and owned 50 slaves.
Beile (ᠪᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡ 貝勒), referred to the lord of a hoshun. A beile drew an annual income of 600 taels of silver and 13 rolls of silk, and owned 40 slaves.
Beis (ᠪᠡᠶᠢᠰᠡ 貝子), referred to the lord of a hoshun. A beis drew an annual income of 500 taels of silver and 10 rolls of silk.
Tushiye Gong (ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠶᠡ ᠬᠦᠩ 鎮國公), referred to the lord of a hoshun. A tushiye gong drew an annual income of 300 taels of silver and nine rolls of silk.
Tusalagchi Gong (ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠬᠦᠩ 輔國公), referred to the lord of a hoshun. A tusalagchi gong drew an annual income of 200 taels of silver and seven rolls of silk.
Hohi Taiji (ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ 台吉) referred to a Mongol noble who did not hold any of the above six titles. It was subdivided into four ranks:
Terigun Zereg-un Taiji (一等台吉), first-rank hohi taiji who was eligible for a hereditary lordship over a hoshun. He drew an annual income of 100 taels of silver and four rolls of silk.
Ded Zereg-un Taiji (二等台吉), second-rank hohi taiji who was also eligible for a hereditary lordship over a hoshun. He drew an annual income of 90 taels of silver and three rolls of silk.
mongolian, nobility, this, article, does, cite, sources, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, august, 2016, learn, when, re. This article does not cite any sources Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Mongolian nobility news newspapers books scholar JSTOR August 2016 Learn how and when to remove this template message The Mongolian nobility Mongolian ᠢᠵᠠᠭᠤᠷᠲᠠᠨ yazgurtan ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢᠲᠠᠨ survaljtan arose between the 10th and 12th centuries became prominent in the 13th century and essentially governed Mongolia until the early 20th century A Khalkha Mongol noblewoman c 1908 The Mongolian word for nobility Yazgurtan derives from the Mongol word yazgur meaning root This article contains Mongolian script Without proper rendering support you may see question marks boxes or other symbols instead of text in Mongolian script Contents 1 Mongol Empire 1206 1368 and Yuan dynasty 1271 1368 1 1 Nobility titles 1 2 Military ranks 1 3 Female titles 2 Northern Yuan dynasty 1368 1635 2 1 Nobility titles 2 2 Female titles 3 Qing dynasty 1691 1911 and Bogd Khaganate 1911 1924 3 1 Nobility titles 3 2 Generic titles 3 3 Non noble titles 4 See alsoMongol Empire 1206 1368 and Yuan dynasty 1271 1368 Edit A Mongol ruler on his way through the empire Illustration of Rashid al Din s Jami al tawarikh Nobility titles Edit Khaan Khagan ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ the supreme ruler of the Mongol Empire Noyon ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠨ meaning King of a State a ruler of a vassal tributary state under the Mongol Empire Jonon ᠵᠢᠨᠤᠩ meaning Crown Prince the heir apparent of the Great Khaan During the Yuan dynasty the Jonon resided in Kharakhorum and administered ceremonial events Khan Khuu ᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠦᠦ meaning Prince Mirza a Persian term meaning Prince Military ranks Edit Tumetu iin Noyan meaning Commander of a Tumen A tumen was a military unit of 10 000 troops There were initially only nine tumens in the Mongol Empire in 1206 but by 1368 there were 40 Mongol tumens and four Oirat tumens Mingghan u Noyan meaning Commander of a Mingghan A mingghan was a military unit of 1 000 troops Jagutu iin Darga meaning Commander of a Zuut A zuut was a military unit of 100 troops Arban u Darga meaning Commander of an Aravt An aravt was a military unit of 10 troops Cherbi a title for a Kheshig commander Beg a Turkic term meaning Chieftain Female titles Edit Khatun ᠬᠠᠲᠤᠨ 可敦 meaning Empress or Queen Begum or Behi 别姬 referred to a noble lady a Turkic term used to refer to the wife or daughter of a bey Gonji ᠭᠦᠩᠵᠦ 公主 referred to a princess or noble lady Northern Yuan dynasty 1368 1635 EditNobility titles Edit Khaan Khagan the supreme ruler of the Northern Yuan Empire Khan a title for a Mongol feudal lord By the mid 16th century there were a number of khans in Mongolia as local feudal lords started calling themselves khan Note that this khan is different from khaan khaan was reserved for the supreme ruler only Jinong ᠵᠢᠨᠤᠩ the crown prince or heir apparent of the Khaan He resided in the Inner Mongolia region From the 15th century the title became a hereditary one and was no longer reserved exclusively for the heir apparent of the Khaan Khong Tayiji ᠬᠤᠨᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ originated from the Chinese term huangtaizi 皇太子 Imperial Crown Prince It was used to refer to a descendant of Genghis Khan who had his own fief Taiji ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠵᠢ a title for a descendant of Genghis Khan Wang a title for a descendant of Qasar or any of Genghis Khan s brothers who had his own fief Taishi ᠲᠠᠢᠱᠢ Grand Preceptor a title for a noble of non Borjigit descent who had his own fief Such nobles included the descendants of Tumetu iin Noyans Female titles Edit Taihu the Khaan s consort Khatun referred to a queen consort or noble lady of equivalent status Gonji referred to a princess or noble lady of equivalent status Behichi Beiji referred to a princess consort or noble lady of equivalent status Qing dynasty 1691 1911 and Bogd Khaganate 1911 1924 EditSee also Royal and noble ranks of the Qing dynasty Ladies at court Bogd Khan Nobility titles Edit Khan Haan referred to the lord of a hoshun Note that this title is of a lower status than the Khaan or Khagan used in earlier times Among the Khalkha Mongols there were four khans Tushietu Khan Zasagtu Khan Secen Khan and Sain Noyan Khan In the Kobdo region there were two khans Togs Hulug Dalai Khan and Unen Zorigtu Khan Despite the association of the four aimags with these titles the khan s power was restricted to only within his hoshun The khan would communicate with the Qing Emperor just as any other hoshun lord Ashan i hafan 男爵 equivalent of baron a special title awarded to foreigners e g Alexander Zanzer I during the reign of Bogd Khan The baron drew an annual income of 3 500 taels of silver and 60 rolls of silk The following six titles were the same as those used by members of the Manchu nobility See here for details These titles were usually hereditary and were decorated with styles to form a longer title e g Khorchin Jasagh Darhan Chin Wang 科爾沁扎薩克達爾罕親王 to indicate which hoshun the noble was from Chin Wang ᠴᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ 親王 referred to the lord of a hoshun A chin wang drew an annual income of 2 600 taels of silver and 40 rolls of silk and owned 60 slaves Giyun Wang ᠭᠢᠶᠦᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ 郡王 referred to the lord of a hoshun A giyun wang drew an annual income of 1 200 2 000 taels of silver and 15 25 rolls of silk and owned 50 slaves Beile ᠪᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡ 貝勒 referred to the lord of a hoshun A beile drew an annual income of 600 taels of silver and 13 rolls of silk and owned 40 slaves Beis ᠪᠡᠶᠢᠰᠡ 貝子 referred to the lord of a hoshun A beis drew an annual income of 500 taels of silver and 10 rolls of silk Tushiye Gong ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠶ ᠡᠬᠦᠩ 鎮國公 referred to the lord of a hoshun A tushiye gong drew an annual income of 300 taels of silver and nine rolls of silk Tusalagchi Gong ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢᠬᠦᠩ 輔國公 referred to the lord of a hoshun A tusalagchi gong drew an annual income of 200 taels of silver and seven rolls of silk Hohi Taiji ᠲᠠᠢᠵᠢ 台吉 referred to a Mongol noble who did not hold any of the above six titles It was subdivided into four ranks Terigun Zereg un Taiji 一等台吉 first rank hohi taiji who was eligible for a hereditary lordship over a hoshun He drew an annual income of 100 taels of silver and four rolls of silk Ded Zereg un Taiji 二等台吉 second rank hohi taiji who was also eligible for a hereditary lordship over a hoshun He drew an annual income of 90 taels of silver and three rolls of silk Gutagaar Zereg un Taiji 三等台吉 third rank hohi taiji Dotugeer Zereg un Taiji 四等台吉 fourth rank hohi taiji who drew an annual income of 40 taels of silver and owned four slaves A Mongolian noble child in 1914 Generic titles Edit Apart from the above ranks the nobles were also divided into two types Torol Taiji literally related nobles members of the Altan Urug and descendants of Genghis Khan Khariyatu Taiji literally subject nobles descendants of Qasar Belgutei and Genghis Khan s brothers or of Tooril Khan and Tumetu iin Noyans Other titles used to refer to Mongolian nobles include A ge ᠠᠭᠡ 阿哥 a son of a noble family Tabunang ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨᠠᠩ 塔布囊 a son in law of a noble family Non noble titles Edit Soumon Albatu referred to a slave in general Hamjilga referred to a slave of a noble family Shabi referred to a servant of a hotogtu 呼圖克圖 a title awarded by the Dalai Lama or Panchen Lama See also EditHistory of Mongolia List of Mongol states Royal and noble ranks of the Qing dynasty Timeline of Mongolian history Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Mongolian nobility amp oldid 1117711830, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
