The Mondsee group was a NeolithicAustrianpile-dwelling culture spanning the period from around the 4th millennium to 3rd millennium BCE, of particular interest due to its production of the characteristic "Mondsee copper" (arsenical bronze), apparently the first in central Europe to emulate the BalkanVinča culture.
Mondsee copper axe, 4th millennium BC
The 1854 chance discovery of a prehistoric lake village on Switzerland's Zürichsee triggered interest in neighboring countries, and pile dwellings with huge amount of artifacts were discovered by Matthäus Much from 1864 until the 1870s in two Austrian provinces, Carinthia and Upper Austria's Salzkammergut where the lake Mondsee is situated.[1]
The graph of calibrated radiocarbon dates shows a maximum range of 3800–2800 cal BC, but dating is problematic as the dates have a very large standard deviation. Such dates therefore are only to be held of circumstantial value.
Mondsee is sometimes seen as a "culture" in its own right or (usually) as a "group" within the Funnel Beaker culture/interaction sphere (TRB) of Central/Northern Europe because its pottery and stone tools show affinities.[2] More likely is that close trade relations existed between the two cultures. It is suggested that the earliest Scandinavian copper is of Austrian origin. Much discussed is also Mondsee group's relationship with the BavarianAltheim group. Investigations of whether its raw material was of local origin or imported are ongoing.
Ötzi the Iceman had an axe made from copper from central Italy.
Calibrated radiocarbon dates date the Mondsee culture from about 3770 BC. to 2260 ±90 BC.[3][4][5]
The reason for the abrupt end is not yet known. In 2008, the German geoarchaeologist Alexander Binsteiner discovered evidence of a prehistoric landslide on the Schafberg near See am Mondsee.[6] This landslide, whose debris today separates Mondsee and Attersee (course of the Seeache), could have wiped out the culture in an inland tsunami. Due to an estimated 50-100 million cubic meters of rubble, the lake level of the Mondsee may have risen by two to four meters.[7][8]
The lake shores of Mondsee and Attersee were probably uninhabited for about a millennium. There are only a few pile dwellings from the Early Bronze Age, which suggests hesitant resettlement. The Abtsdorf station excavated by Elisabeth Ruttkay in 1977 and the Attersee group derived from it should be mentioned here. Based on the pottery, a classification into the Early Bronze Age levels A2/B1 according to Reinecke is possible.
Galleryedit
Sourcesedit
Book: Francesco Menotti : Living on the lake in prehistoric Europe: 150 years of lake-dwelling research
^Mondseekultur 4940–4310 BP Tab. 1 14-C Daten des Neolithikums und der Frühen Bronzezeit in Österreich. In: Herwig Friesinger, Walter Kutschera, Peter Stadler, Eva Wild: Absolute Chronology for Early Civilisations in Austria and Central Europe using 14C Dating with Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (Homepage). Projekt, QAM Quantitative Methoden in der Archäologie, 14C Theorie und Praxis, auf winserion.org.
^Alexander Binsteiner: Naturkatastrophe in den Alpen. Der Untergang der Mondseekultur. Archäologie online, 17 December 2010, retrieved 10 November 2018.
^. Im-salzkammergut.at → Mondseeland. 2010-04-20. Archived from the original on 2010-04-23. Retrieved 2010-11-08. mit zahlr. Abb
^Matthias Schulz (2008), "Pompeji der Steinzeit", Der Spiegel, 11 April, no. 41, pp. 160–162
This Austrian history article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
mondsee, group, neolithic, austrian, pile, dwelling, culture, spanning, period, from, around, millennium, millennium, particular, interest, production, characteristic, mondsee, copper, arsenical, bronze, apparently, first, central, europe, emulate, balkan, vin. The Mondsee group was a Neolithic Austrian pile dwelling culture spanning the period from around the 4th millennium to 3rd millennium BCE of particular interest due to its production of the characteristic Mondsee copper arsenical bronze apparently the first in central Europe to emulate the Balkan Vinca culture Mondsee copper axe 4th millennium BC The 1854 chance discovery of a prehistoric lake village on Switzerland s Zurichsee triggered interest in neighboring countries and pile dwellings with huge amount of artifacts were discovered by Matthaus Much from 1864 until the 1870s in two Austrian provinces Carinthia and Upper Austria s Salzkammergut where the lake Mondsee is situated 1 The graph of calibrated radiocarbon dates shows a maximum range of 3800 2800 cal BC but dating is problematic as the dates have a very large standard deviation Such dates therefore are only to be held of circumstantial value Mondsee is sometimes seen as a culture in its own right or usually as a group within the Funnel Beaker culture interaction sphere TRB of Central Northern Europe because its pottery and stone tools show affinities 2 More likely is that close trade relations existed between the two cultures It is suggested that the earliest Scandinavian copper is of Austrian origin Much discussed is also Mondsee group s relationship with the Bavarian Altheim group Investigations of whether its raw material was of local origin or imported are ongoing Otzi the Iceman had an axe made from copper from central Italy Contents 1 Dating 2 Gallery 3 Sources 4 ReferencesDating editCalibrated radiocarbon dates date the Mondsee culture from about 3770 BC to 2260 90 BC 3 4 5 The reason for the abrupt end is not yet known In 2008 the German geoarchaeologist Alexander Binsteiner discovered evidence of a prehistoric landslide on the Schafberg near See am Mondsee 6 This landslide whose debris today separates Mondsee and Attersee course of the Seeache could have wiped out the culture in an inland tsunami Due to an estimated 50 100 million cubic meters of rubble the lake level of the Mondsee may have risen by two to four meters 7 8 The lake shores of Mondsee and Attersee were probably uninhabited for about a millennium There are only a few pile dwellings from the Early Bronze Age which suggests hesitant resettlement The Abtsdorf station excavated by Elisabeth Ruttkay in 1977 and the Attersee group derived from it should be mentioned here Based on the pottery a classification into the Early Bronze Age levels A2 B1 according to Reinecke is possible Gallery edit nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp nbsp Sources editBook Francesco Menotti Living on the lake in prehistoric Europe 150 years of lake dwelling researchReferences edit Austria Lexikon Comp archaeology Archived 2011 04 30 at the Wayback Machine Maximilian O Baldia 2001 Mondsee C14 Dates Comp archaeology Archived from the original on 2007 12 11 Retrieved 2007 10 24 Scharfling Mondsee VRI 311 C14 Datierung 4940 120 BP Baldia Mondsee C14 Dates 2001 Mondseekultur 4940 4310 BP Tab 1 14 C Daten des Neolithikums und der Fruhen Bronzezeit in Osterreich In Herwig Friesinger Walter Kutschera Peter Stadler Eva Wild Absolute Chronology for Early Civilisations in Austria and Central Europe using 14C Dating with Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Homepage Projekt QAM Quantitative Methoden in der Archaologie 14C Theorie und Praxis auf winserion org Alexander Binsteiner Naturkatastrophe in den Alpen Der Untergang der Mondseekultur Archaologie online 17 December 2010 retrieved 10 November 2018 MondSeeLand War der Otzi auf Zwischenstopp im Mondseeland Im salzkammergut at Mondseeland 2010 04 20 Archived from the original on 2010 04 23 Retrieved 2010 11 08 mit zahlr Abb Matthias Schulz 2008 Pompeji der Steinzeit Der Spiegel 11 April no 41 pp 160 162 nbsp nbsp This Austrian history article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Mondsee group amp oldid 1181373424, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
