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Moehau Range

January 01, 1970

The Moehau Range is the northernmost range on the Coromandel Peninsula, extending from the settlement of Colville, New Zealand northwards to the tip of the peninsula. Mount Moehau is the highest point of the range, at 892m above sea level.

Moehau Range
Moehau Range from south of Amodeo Bay
Highest point
Elevation892 m (2,927 ft)
Coordinates36°32′25″S 175°24′08″E / 36.54015°S 175.40215°E / -36.54015; 175.40215
Geography
Approximate extent of Moehau Range
Geology
Age of rockJurassic/Cretaceous, about 150 million years ago
Mountain typemixed sedimentary greywacke with some plutonic and andestic formations
Type of rockPredominantly Manaia Hill Group greywackeˌ sandstones and siltstones (Waipapa terrane)
Volcanic arcCoromandel Volcanic Zone
Last eruption~ 15 million years ago

Physical geography edit

The Moehau Range is the central feature of the Colville Ecological District. Environment Waikato's local area planting guide describes the area as "long ridges and steep streams radiating out to the coast, steep and broken hillslopes, floodplains, harbours and estuaries." The Colville Ecological District takes in 77,201 hectares (190,770 acres), 59% of which is in indigenous vegetation, and 8% of which is virgin forest.[1] To the south the range is drained by Waikawau River.

Geology edit

Most of the range is made up of metamorphic, prehnite-pumpellyite Manaia Hill Group greywackeˌ sandstones and siltstones (Waipapa terrane) of Jurassic/Cretaceous age, formed about 150 million years ago. They have few fossils,[2] but are interbedded with feldspar-lithic volcanic sandstone, siltstone and mudstone/argillite, with minor conglomerate and coarse sandstone.[3] To the south west of the range the Paritu Pluton is exposed. It consists of 17 million year old mid Miocene sub-volcanic intrusions, including hornblende-pyroxene granodiorite, pyroxene-hornblende quartz diorite and biotite-pyroxene.[4] Several dikes of andesite porphyry and quartz porphyry were intruded into the Manaia Hill rocks around 15 million years ago.[3]

'Granite' quarries edit

Coromandel granite was first advertised in 1900.[5] It has been quarried in the plutonic area, on the coast between Port Jackson and Waiaro, at Paritu quarry,[6] The quarry was taken over by the Coromandel Granite Company[7] in 1918, when a wharf was built about a kilometre to the south.[8] Although called granite, it is a quartz diorite rock. It has been used for many monuments and buildings, including Parliament House, Auckland Chief Post Office, Auckland War Memorial Museum, Auckland Ferry Terminal and Auckland Railway Station. Quarrying ended in the 1960s, though in the early 1990s Moehau quarry was reopened for the refurbishment of Parliament House.[9]

Demographics edit

The area is sparsely populated. In the area north of Port Charles Road, which includes the whole of the range, the 2013 population was only 129, living in 63 houses.[10] However, it is part of Te Rerenga census area, where are 2,028 dwellings were occupied, but 3,897 unoccupied.[11]

The main settlements are Port Jackson[12] and Port Charles.[13]

Port Jackson edit

Port Jackson is a bay on the north coast, just south of Cape Colville.[14]

Port Charles edit

Cook named Port Charles as he sailed by on 17 November 1769.[15] A sawmill opened in 1865 and closed in 1890,[16] later belonging to the Auckland Timber Co[17] and with a tramway.[18] The population was 67 in 1901.[19] Northern Steamship Co. vessels used to call at Port Charles.[20] The road from Colville opened in 1928.[21] A volunteer fire fighting group is based locally.[22] There were severe floods in 1950[23] 2002 and 2016,[24] the 1950 flood moving the school off its foundations, bringing about its closure[25] and 2002 flooding 23 homes.[26] The beach is also being eroded.[27]

History edit

Mt Moehau is sacred to the Marutūāhu tribes of Māori. Many important chiefs, including Tama-te-kapua of Te Arawa, are buried on its summit. The full name of the mountain is Te Moengahau-o-Tamatekapua (the windy sleeping place of Tamatekapua).[28]

Folklore edit

Mt Moehau was reported by Māori to be the most sacred of the mountains of the Patupaiarehe (or tūrehu, karitehe or kōrakorako),[29] an elusive and mystical light-skinned mountain folk.[30]

Biodiversity edit

The Moehau Range is considered one of New Zealand's six 'biodiversity hot spots'. The Moehau peak contains a selection of indigenous vegetation that is unique for a North Island forest, and is home to silver and pink pine, kaikawaka, sweet hutu (Ascarina sp.) and southern rata, and is the northern limit for many southern montane species such as mountain toatoa and mountain cedar (pahautea). The range is also noteworthy for the rare native Archey's frog (Leiopelma archeyi), whose young hatch from eggs, bypassing the tadpole stage. Moehau is also home to the Moehau stag beetle (Geodorcus sp.), the Moehau wētā (Hemiandrus sp.) and a population of approximately 500 brown kiwi.[31][32]

The Moehau Environment Group works to protect and enhance the natural environment of the Northern Coromandel Peninsula.[33][34] In 2020 the group were given $400,000 to do possum, mustelid, rat and cat control on up to 15,000 ha (37,000 acres).[35]

References edit

  1. ^ Environment Waikato, What to Plant in Coromandel Ecological Region 2007-09-27 at the Wayback Machine
  2. ^ D. N. B. Skinner (1972). "Subdivision and petrology of the Mesozoic rocks of Coromandel (Manaia Hill Group)". New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 15 (2): 203–227. doi:10.1080/00288306.1972.10421955.
  3. ^ a b "GNS Science - Geology Web Map Client". data.gns.cri.nz. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
  4. ^ D. N. B. Skinner (1975). "Miocene intrusive Rocks of Moehau Range, Coromandel". Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 5 (3): 329–351. doi:10.1080/03036758.1975.10421854.
  5. ^ "Auckland Star". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 28 February 1900. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
  6. ^ "MapsPast | Current and historical topographic maps (topomaps) of New Zealand". mapspast.org.nz. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
  7. ^ "Memory Boxes". 20 April 2015. Retrieved 16 November 2019 – via PressReader.
  8. ^ "TCDC District Plan Appendix 3 Historic Heritage". Thames Coromandel DC. 2015.
  9. ^ "Paritu Stone Wharves". The Coromandel. Retrieved 16 November 2019.
  10. ^ "2013 Census map – QuickStats about a place". archive.stats.govt.nz. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
  11. ^ "2013 Census QuickStats about a place". archive.stats.govt.nz. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
  12. ^ "Port Jackson, Waikato". NZ Topo Map. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
  13. ^ "Port Charles, Waikato". NZ Topo Map. Retrieved 18 February 2020.
  14. ^ "Port Jackson, Waikato". NZ Topo Map. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  15. ^ "THE TREASURY James Cook". thetreasury.org.nz. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  16. ^ "THE TREASURY Sawmilling". thetreasury.org.nz. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
  17. ^ "NEW ZEALAND TIMBER INDUSTRY. AUCKLAND STAR". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 27 August 1883. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
  18. ^ "Showing forestry workers grouped on and around a bush locomotive near Port Charles". aucklandcity.govt.nz. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
  19. ^ "1901 census results". StatsNZ.
  20. ^ "NORTHERN S.S. CO.'S MOVEMENTS. AUCKLAND STAR". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 12 July 1902. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
  21. ^ "Coromandel Peninsula. Auckland Star". paperspast.natlib.govt.nz. 3 April 1928. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
  22. ^ "Port Charles's new 'smoke chaser'". sunlive.co.nz. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
  23. ^ "May 1950 Waikato Flooding". hwe.niwa.co.nz. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
  24. ^ "Heavy rains highlight losses but also wins". waikatoregion.govt.nz. April 2016. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
  25. ^ "The little Port Charles School". natlib-primo.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
  26. ^ "2002 Upper North Island Weather Bomb". hwe.niwa.co.nz. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
  27. ^ Dahm, Jim (October 2009). "Review of Primary Development Setback at Selected Beaches" (PDF). Thames Coromandel District Council.
  28. ^ "Marutūahu tribes - Origins". Te Ara : The Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 1 December 2014.
  29. ^ Homer, Lloyd. "Moehau mountain, Coromandel". New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu Taonga. Retrieved 9 July 2021.
  30. ^ Grey, George (1849). A story of patupaiarehe [fairy-like people] on Moehau. New Zealand: Manuscript number: GNZMMS 7.
  31. ^ Ecotours: Wildlife: Bay of Plenty: Coromandel, accessed 28 May 2007
  32. ^ Environment Waikato, What to Plant in Coromandel Ecological Region 2007-09-27 at the Wayback Machine
  33. ^ . Archived from the original on 28 September 2007. Retrieved 31 May 2007.
  34. ^ Thomas Everth, To Fence or not to Fence?: An opinion on the proposed Coromandel predator fence 2007-03-27 at the Wayback Machine
  35. ^ "Council Helps Sustainability of Community Groups With $1.63m in Grants". scoop.co.nz. 23 July 2020. Retrieved 24 July 2020.

January 01, 1970
moehau, range, northernmost, range, coromandel, peninsula, extending, from, settlement, colville, zealand, northwards, peninsula, mount, moehau, highest, point, range, 892m, above, level, from, south, amodeo, bayhighest, pointelevation892, coordinates36, 54015. The Moehau Range is the northernmost range on the Coromandel Peninsula extending from the settlement of Colville New Zealand northwards to the tip of the peninsula Mount Moehau is the highest point of the range at 892m above sea level Moehau RangeMoehau Range from south of Amodeo BayHighest pointElevation892 m 2 927 ft Coordinates36 32 25 S 175 24 08 E 36 54015 S 175 40215 E 36 54015 175 40215GeographyApproximate extent of Moehau RangeGeologyAge of rockJurassic Cretaceous about 150 million years agoMountain typemixed sedimentary greywacke with some plutonic and andestic formationsType of rockPredominantly Manaia Hill Group greywackeˌ sandstones and siltstones Waipapa terrane Volcanic arcCoromandel Volcanic ZoneLast eruption 15 million years ago Contents 1 Physical geography 1 1 Geology 1 1 1 Granite quarries 2 Demographics 2 1 Port Jackson 2 2 Port Charles 3 History 4 Folklore 5 Biodiversity 6 ReferencesPhysical geography editThe Moehau Range is the central feature of the Colville Ecological District Environment Waikato s local area planting guide describes the area as long ridges and steep streams radiating out to the coast steep and broken hillslopes floodplains harbours and estuaries The Colville Ecological District takes in 77 201 hectares 190 770 acres 59 of which is in indigenous vegetation and 8 of which is virgin forest 1 To the south the range is drained by Waikawau River Geology edit Most of the range is made up of metamorphic prehnite pumpellyite Manaia Hill Group greywackeˌ sandstones and siltstones Waipapa terrane of Jurassic Cretaceous age formed about 150 million years ago They have few fossils 2 but are interbedded with feldspar lithic volcanic sandstone siltstone and mudstone argillite with minor conglomerate and coarse sandstone 3 To the south west of the range the Paritu Pluton is exposed It consists of 17 million year old mid Miocene sub volcanic intrusions including hornblende pyroxene granodiorite pyroxene hornblende quartz diorite and biotite pyroxene 4 Several dikes of andesite porphyry and quartz porphyry were intruded into the Manaia Hill rocks around 15 million years ago 3 Granite quarries edit Coromandel granite was first advertised in 1900 5 It has been quarried in the plutonic area on the coast between Port Jackson and Waiaro at Paritu quarry 6 The quarry was taken over by the Coromandel Granite Company 7 in 1918 when a wharf was built about a kilometre to the south 8 Although called granite it is a quartz diorite rock It has been used for many monuments and buildings including Parliament House Auckland Chief Post Office Auckland War Memorial Museum Auckland Ferry Terminal and Auckland Railway Station Quarrying ended in the 1960s though in the early 1990s Moehau quarry was reopened for the refurbishment of Parliament House 9 Demographics editThe area is sparsely populated In the area north of Port Charles Road which includes the whole of the range the 2013 population was only 129 living in 63 houses 10 However it is part of Te Rerenga census area where are 2 028 dwellings were occupied but 3 897 unoccupied 11 The main settlements are Port Jackson 12 and Port Charles 13 Port Jackson edit Port Jackson is a bay on the north coast just south of Cape Colville 14 Port Charles edit Cook named Port Charles as he sailed by on 17 November 1769 15 A sawmill opened in 1865 and closed in 1890 16 later belonging to the Auckland Timber Co 17 and with a tramway 18 The population was 67 in 1901 19 Northern Steamship Co vessels used to call at Port Charles 20 The road from Colville opened in 1928 21 A volunteer fire fighting group is based locally 22 There were severe floods in 1950 23 2002 and 2016 24 the 1950 flood moving the school off its foundations bringing about its closure 25 and 2002 flooding 23 homes 26 The beach is also being eroded 27 History editMt Moehau is sacred to the Marutuahu tribes of Maori Many important chiefs including Tama te kapua of Te Arawa are buried on its summit The full name of the mountain is Te Moengahau o Tamatekapua the windy sleeping place of Tamatekapua 28 Folklore editMt Moehau was reported by Maori to be the most sacred of the mountains of the Patupaiarehe or turehu karitehe or kōrakorako 29 an elusive and mystical light skinned mountain folk 30 Biodiversity editThe Moehau Range is considered one of New Zealand s six biodiversity hot spots The Moehau peak contains a selection of indigenous vegetation that is unique for a North Island forest and is home to silver and pink pine kaikawaka sweet hutu Ascarina sp and southern rata and is the northern limit for many southern montane species such as mountain toatoa and mountain cedar pahautea The range is also noteworthy for the rare native Archey s frog Leiopelma archeyi whose young hatch from eggs bypassing the tadpole stage Moehau is also home to the Moehau stag beetle Geodorcus sp the Moehau weta Hemiandrus sp and a population of approximately 500 brown kiwi 31 32 The Moehau Environment Group 1 works to protect and enhance the natural environment of the Northern Coromandel Peninsula 33 34 In 2020 the group were given 400 000 to do possum mustelid rat and cat control on up to 15 000 ha 37 000 acres 35 References edit Environment Waikato What to Plant in Coromandel Ecological Region Archived 2007 09 27 at the Wayback Machine D N B Skinner 1972 Subdivision and petrology of the Mesozoic rocks of Coromandel Manaia Hill Group New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 15 2 203 227 doi 10 1080 00288306 1972 10421955 a b GNS Science Geology Web Map Client data gns cri nz Retrieved 16 November 2019 D N B Skinner 1975 Miocene intrusive Rocks of Moehau Range Coromandel Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 5 3 329 351 doi 10 1080 03036758 1975 10421854 Auckland Star paperspast natlib govt nz 28 February 1900 Retrieved 16 November 2019 MapsPast Current and historical topographic maps topomaps of New Zealand mapspast org nz Retrieved 16 November 2019 Memory Boxes 20 April 2015 Retrieved 16 November 2019 via PressReader TCDC District Plan Appendix 3 Historic Heritage Thames Coromandel DC 2015 Paritu Stone Wharves The Coromandel Retrieved 16 November 2019 2013 Census map QuickStats about a place archive stats govt nz Retrieved 18 February 2020 2013 Census QuickStats about a place archive stats govt nz Retrieved 18 February 2020 Port Jackson Waikato NZ Topo Map Retrieved 18 February 2020 Port Charles Waikato NZ Topo Map Retrieved 18 February 2020 Port Jackson Waikato NZ Topo Map Retrieved 19 February 2020 THE TREASURY James Cook thetreasury org nz Retrieved 19 February 2020 THE TREASURY Sawmilling thetreasury org nz Retrieved 20 February 2020 NEW ZEALAND TIMBER INDUSTRY AUCKLAND STAR paperspast natlib govt nz 27 August 1883 Retrieved 20 February 2020 Showing forestry workers grouped on and around a bush locomotive near Port Charles aucklandcity govt nz Retrieved 20 February 2020 1901 census results StatsNZ NORTHERN S S CO S MOVEMENTS AUCKLAND STAR paperspast natlib govt nz 12 July 1902 Retrieved 20 February 2020 Coromandel Peninsula Auckland Star paperspast natlib govt nz 3 April 1928 Retrieved 20 February 2020 Port Charles s new smoke chaser sunlive co nz Retrieved 19 February 2020 May 1950 Waikato Flooding hwe niwa co nz Retrieved 20 February 2020 Heavy rains highlight losses but also wins waikatoregion govt nz April 2016 Retrieved 20 February 2020 The little Port Charles School natlib primo hosted exlibrisgroup com Retrieved 20 February 2020 2002 Upper North Island Weather Bomb hwe niwa co nz Retrieved 20 February 2020 Dahm Jim October 2009 Review of Primary Development Setback at Selected Beaches PDF Thames Coromandel District Council Marutuahu tribes Origins Te Ara The Encyclopedia of New Zealand Retrieved 1 December 2014 Homer Lloyd Moehau mountain Coromandel New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu Taonga Retrieved 9 July 2021 Grey George 1849 A story of patupaiarehe fairy like people on Moehau New Zealand Manuscript number GNZMMS 7 Ecotours Wildlife Bay of Plenty Coromandel accessed 28 May 2007 Environment Waikato What to Plant in Coromandel Ecological Region Archived 2007 09 27 at the Wayback Machine Moehau Environment Group website Archived from the original on 28 September 2007 Retrieved 31 May 2007 Thomas Everth To Fence or not to Fence An opinion on the proposed Coromandel predator fence Archived 2007 03 27 at the Wayback Machine Council Helps Sustainability of Community Groups With 1 63m in Grants scoop co nz 23 July 2020 Retrieved 24 July 2020 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Moehau Range amp oldid 1218692821, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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