Tokugawa Mitsukuni (徳川 光圀, 11 July 1628 – 14 January 1701), also known as Mito Kōmon (水戸黄門), was a Japanese daimyo who was known for his influence in the politics of the early Edo period. He was the third son of Tokugawa Yorifusa (who in turn was the eleventh son of Tokugawa Ieyasu) and succeeded him, becoming the second daimyo of the Mito Domain.[1]
Tokugawa Mitsukuni was born on July 11, 1628, in Mito Domain, Hitachi Province as the third son of Tokugawa Yorifusa, the first daimyo of Mito Domain. His father was the eleventh son of Tokugawa Ieyasu, the founder and first shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate. At the age of six, his elder brother Yorishige became valetudinarian, and Mitsukuni was chosen to succeed his father. At the age of nine, he underwent genpuku (coming-of-age ceremony).[2]
He was responsible for assembling the Mitogaku scholars to compile a huge Japanese history, Dai Nihonshi.[3] In it, Japan was depicted as a nation under the Emperor, analogous to that in Chinese dynasties. This helped the rise of nationalism in the late shogunate and in the Mito Domain later. His childhood name was Chomaru (長丸) later become Chiyomatsu (千代松) this name was personally granted by his cousin and the shōgun, Tokugawa Iemitsu.
In 1661, at age 34, he became the daimyō of the Mito Domain.[4] He anticipated the forcible division of kami and Buddhas (shinbutsu bunri) of 1868 ordering there the destruction of a thousand Buddhist temples and the construction of at least one shrine per village (one village, one shrine policy (一村一社, isson issha).[5] At age 63, he was awarded the court office of gon-chūnagon, or provisional middle counsellor. In 1691, he retired to his villa, Seizan-sō.
He directed at Zuisen-ji the creation of the very first guide to Kamakura, the Shinpen Kamakurashi. The book would have a profound influence on the city in the following centuries, an influence which continues to this day in names for parts of the city like Kamakura's Seven Mouths, Kamakura's Ten Bridges, and other such popular monikers he coined.
In 1657 (Meireki 3) at the age of 27, he married a daughter of the kampakuKonoe Nobuhiro.[6] He was also known as a gourmet of the Edo period. He is claimed to be one of the first Japanese to eat ramen as well as routinely enjoying such exotic food as wine and yogurt. Mitsukuni had one son, who took the Matsudaira surname. Additionally, Mitsukuni adopted the son of an elder brother; this adopted son, Tokugawa Tsunaeda, became his heir.
He died at his villa Seizansō in 1701. He posthumously received the court rank of junior first rank (1869) and first rank (1900).[7] He is now considered to be a kami.[5]
During the latter half of the Edo period and the Meiji period, a kōdan (narrative tale) named "Mito Mitsukuni Man'yūki" fictionalized the travels of Tokugawa Mitsukuni. This tradition of dramatizing his life continued with a novel and, in 1951, the first television series to portray him as a wanderer, masquerading as a commoner, who castigated the evil powers in every corner of the nation. From 1969 to 2011, the TBS ran the series Mito Kōmon, which continues to attract audiences in reruns. Episodes were re-broadcast in the early 1990s by WNYE-TV (New York City) under the title The Elder Lord of Mito.[citation needed]
Each summer, the city of Mito hosts the Mito Komon festival, which prominently features the Tokugawa seal, as well as actors representing Tokugawa Mitsukuni and his assistants.[citation needed]
Brownlee, John S. (1991). Political Thought in Japanese Historical Writing: From Kojiki (712) to Tokushi Yoron (1712). Waterloo, Ontario: Wilfrid Laurier University Press. ISBN0-88920-997-9
Iwao, Seiichi, Teizō Iyanaga, Susumu Ishii, Shōichirō Yoshida et al. (2002). Dictionnaire historique du Japon (Vol. I), (Vol. II). Paris: Maisonneuve & Larose. ISBN978-2-7068-1632-1; OCLC 51096469
Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon. (1962). Sovereign and Subject. Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society. OCLC 1014075
tokugawa, mitsukuni, this, japanese, name, surname, tokugawa, 徳川, 光圀, july, 1628, january, 1701, also, known, mito, kōmon, 水戸黄門, japanese, daimyo, known, influence, politics, early, period, third, tokugawa, yorifusa, turn, eleventh, tokugawa, ieyasu, succeeded. In this Japanese name the surname is Tokugawa Tokugawa Mitsukuni 徳川 光圀 11 July 1628 14 January 1701 also known as Mito Kōmon 水戸黄門 was a Japanese daimyo who was known for his influence in the politics of the early Edo period He was the third son of Tokugawa Yorifusa who in turn was the eleventh son of Tokugawa Ieyasu and succeeded him becoming the second daimyo of the Mito Domain 1 Tokugawa MitsukuniDaimyo of MitoIn office 1661 1690Preceded byTokugawa YorifusaSucceeded byTokugawa TsunaedaPersonal detailsBorn 1628 07 11 11 July 1628Mito Domain Hitachi Province JapanDied14 January 1701 1701 01 14 aged 72 Contents 1 Biography 2 Family 3 Mito Kōmon 4 Honours 5 Notes 6 ReferencesBiography editTokugawa Mitsukuni was born on July 11 1628 in Mito Domain Hitachi Province as the third son of Tokugawa Yorifusa the first daimyo of Mito Domain His father was the eleventh son of Tokugawa Ieyasu the founder and first shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate At the age of six his elder brother Yorishige became valetudinarian and Mitsukuni was chosen to succeed his father At the age of nine he underwent genpuku coming of age ceremony 2 He was responsible for assembling the Mitogaku scholars to compile a huge Japanese history Dai Nihonshi 3 In it Japan was depicted as a nation under the Emperor analogous to that in Chinese dynasties This helped the rise of nationalism in the late shogunate and in the Mito Domain later His childhood name was Chomaru 長丸 later become Chiyomatsu 千代松 this name was personally granted by his cousin and the shōgun Tokugawa Iemitsu In 1661 at age 34 he became the daimyō of the Mito Domain 4 He anticipated the forcible division of kami and Buddhas shinbutsu bunri of 1868 ordering there the destruction of a thousand Buddhist temples and the construction of at least one shrine per village one village one shrine policy 一村一社 isson issha 5 At age 63 he was awarded the court office of gon chunagon or provisional middle counsellor In 1691 he retired to his villa Seizan sō He directed at Zuisen ji the creation of the very first guide to Kamakura the Shinpen Kamakurashi The book would have a profound influence on the city in the following centuries an influence which continues to this day in names for parts of the city like Kamakura s Seven Mouths Kamakura s Ten Bridges and other such popular monikers he coined In 1657 Meireki 3 at the age of 27 he married a daughter of the kampaku Konoe Nobuhiro 6 He was also known as a gourmet of the Edo period He is claimed to be one of the first Japanese to eat ramen as well as routinely enjoying such exotic food as wine and yogurt Mitsukuni had one son who took the Matsudaira surname Additionally Mitsukuni adopted the son of an elder brother this adopted son Tokugawa Tsunaeda became his heir He died at his villa Seizansō in 1701 He posthumously received the court rank of junior first rank 1869 and first rank 1900 7 He is now considered to be a kami 5 Family editFather Tokugawa Yorifusa Mother Hisa later Kyushoin 1604 1662 Wife Hiroko 1638 1659 daughter of Konoe Nobuhiro Concubine Tamai Dono Son Matsudaira Yoritsune 1652 1704 of Takamatsu Domain by TamaiMito Kōmon edit nbsp Actor Kōtarō Satomi as Tokugawa Mitsukuni in the jidaigeki Mito Kōmon During the latter half of the Edo period and the Meiji period a kōdan narrative tale named Mito Mitsukuni Man yuki fictionalized the travels of Tokugawa Mitsukuni This tradition of dramatizing his life continued with a novel and in 1951 the first television series to portray him as a wanderer masquerading as a commoner who castigated the evil powers in every corner of the nation From 1969 to 2011 the TBS ran the series Mito Kōmon which continues to attract audiences in reruns Episodes were re broadcast in the early 1990s by WNYE TV New York City under the title The Elder Lord of Mito citation needed Each summer the city of Mito hosts the Mito Komon festival which prominently features the Tokugawa seal as well as actors representing Tokugawa Mitsukuni and his assistants citation needed Honours editSenior First Rank 16 November 1900 posthumous Notes edit Ponsonby Fane Richard 1962 Sovereign and Subject p 248 Asashi Nihon rekishi jinbutsu jiten Asahi Shinbunsha 朝日新聞社 Tōkyō Asahi Shinbunsha 1994 徳川光圀 ISBN 4 02 340052 1 OCLC 33014222 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint others link Tokugawa Mitsukuni Kokugakuin University via the Encyclopedia of Shinto 15 April 2006 Retrieved 1 October 2010 Ponsonby Fane p 250 a b Bocking Brian 1997 A Popular Dictionary of Shinto Tokugawa Mitsukuni Routledge ISBN 978 0 7007 1051 5 Ponsonby Fane p 249 Ponsonby Fane pp 251 252 References editBrownlee John S 1997 Japanese Historians and the National Myths 1600 1945 The Age of the Gods and Emperor Jimmu Vancouver University of British Columbia Press ISBN 0 7748 0644 3 Tokyo University of Tokyo Press ISBN 4 13 027031 1 Brownlee John S 1991 Political Thought in Japanese Historical Writing From Kojiki 712 to Tokushi Yoron 1712 Waterloo Ontario Wilfrid Laurier University Press ISBN 0 88920 997 9 Iwao Seiichi Teizō Iyanaga Susumu Ishii Shōichirō Yoshida et al 2002 Dictionnaire historique du Japon Vol I Vol II Paris Maisonneuve amp Larose ISBN 978 2 7068 1632 1 OCLC 51096469 Ponsonby Fane Richard Arthur Brabazon 1962 Sovereign and Subject Kyoto Ponsonby Memorial Society OCLC 1014075 Preceded byTokugawa Yorifusa Daimyō of Mito1661 1690 Succeeded byTokugawa Tsunaeda Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Tokugawa Mitsukuni amp oldid 1220410722, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
