Miramare di Rimini
Miramare di Rimini, more commonly known simply as Miramare, is the southernmost suburb and frazione of the city of Rimini, Italy. Situated on the Adriatic coast, the suburb lies 5 km (3.1 mi) southeast of Rimini's city centre and borders the municipality of Riccione.[2][3]
Miramare | |
|---|---|
Frazione of Rimini | |
Miramare beach in June 2015 | |
| Etymology: Italian: "sea view" | |
| Nickname: Il Terzo (The Third) | |
| Coordinates: 44°01′49″N 12°37′06″E / 44.0302°N 12.6183°E | |
| Country | Italy |
| Region | Emilia-Romagna |
| Province | Rimini (RN) |
| Comune | Rimini |
| Frazione | Miramare |
| Population | |
| • Total | 8,000[1] |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 47924 |
Miramare is located on the Roman Via Flaminia, now the SS16 state road. The settlement expanded during the 20th century development of Rimini's touristic economy. The Bologna–Ancona railway splits the suburb into a western residential half and an eastern touristic half, characterised by hotels, bars, and clubs. Miramare contains Federico Fellini International Airport, which was formerly known as Rimini Miramare Airport, and is also served by a railway station.
Overview edit
Miramare is the southernmost suburb and frazione of Rimini, and is located roughly equidistant between the city centres of Rimini and Riccione.[3] Miramare is bounded to the north by Rivazzurra and to the south by the Rio dell'Asse, a minor stream that forms Rimini's boundary with Riccione.[4][5] The Adriatic Sea bounds Miramare to the east, and Federico Fellini International Airport bounds it to the west.[6]
The suburb roughly follows a grid plan. The Bologna–Ancona railway splits the suburb into a western residential half and an eastern touristic half by the coast. The major north-south roads are, in the western half, the SS16 state road and Viale Parigi/Viale Losanna, and then, after the railway, Viale Guglielmo Marconi and Viale Principe di Piemonte, which is the principal seafront avenue. The major east-west roads are Viale Ivo Oliveti, Viale Costantinopoli/Viale Giacinto Martinelli and Via Cavalieri di Vittorio Veneto. The latter two roads pass underneath the railway, while Viale Ivo Oliveti is the main shopping street and pedestrianised in the eastern half.[6]
The suburb is a popular tourist destination, both for Italians and international travelers from across Europe.[7] Along the coast, there are numerous accommodations and recreational facilities for tourists. These include hotels, stores, restaurants, bars, discos, and arcades. Among these is the disco Altro Mondo Studios, which became well known across Europe by the 1980s.[7] There are also many inexpensive two and three star hotels (pensioni), which are popular among young travelers.[2]
History edit
Roman era edit
The site of the present-day Miramare is located on the Via Flaminia, a Roman road constructed by Gaius Flaminius during his censorship in 220 BCE. The Via Flaminia was the main artery from Rome leading north of the Apennines and to the Adriatic Sea.[8] Miramare was three Roman miles south of the road's northern end in Ariminum (Rimini). Even in the 20th century, the neighbourhood was sometimes nicknamed Il Terzo (The Third).[9] A milestone in Miramare dates to the road's construction. In 2013, excavations for a pedestrian underpass next to it uncovered a section of the Via Flaminia, which was between 12 m (39 ft) and 15 m (49 ft) wide.[10]
Modern development edit
Settlement in Miramare began in the early 20th century as the beaches of Rimini and Riccione began to attract tourists.[3] In the late eighteenth century, Sebastiano Amati, a businessman and councillor who would play a pivotal role in Riccione's expansion and independence from Rimini, proposed the idea of a coastal road linking Rimini and Riccione.[11] The area between Rimini and Riccione at the time was known as Abissinia, and was little more than sandy moorland.[12]
By 1905, the development and settlement of Miramare began; the modern hospital was constructed north of Miramare, and numerous hotels were built along the coast between Rimini and Riccione.[7][1]
In 1921, Domenico Masi, a priest from San Clemente, began ministering to the nascent settlement at Miramare. Masi built a church, orphanage, carpentry shop, tile factory, and several retreat houses.[12] In July 1925, the matron to whom Masi entrusted the orphanage was recalled, and so on 8 December 1925, the orphanage came under the care of a new religious institute founded in Miramare, the Congregation of the "Sisters of the Immaculate".[13]
In 1923, Miramare became the border of the Municipality of Rimini after Riccione was made an independent municipality. The border between the comuni was established at the Rio dell'Asse;[4] Rimini had unsuccessfully proposed that the border be further south at the Torrente Marano, to the disapproval of residents residing between the Rio dell'Asse and the Torrente Marano.[4]
In 1925, a tramway from Rimini was extended to Miramare.[14][15] The tramway was extended further south to Riccione in 1927,[16][15][17] after a carriageable bridge was built over the Torrente Marano in 1924.[4][16] The tramway was converted into a trolleybus line, the present-day route 11, in July 1939.[15][18]
Two fascist colonies were built in Miramare in the early 1930s,[19][20] at a time when the coastline of the riviera romagnola was developed by Benito Mussolini, himself from Romagna. Several other colonies were built along the principal seafront avenue between Rimini and Riccione in the 1930s;[21] the Mussolini family itself bought a summer villa in Riccione in 1934.[22]
Post-World War II edit
In 1962, two years before his death, Masi opened a lifesize reproduction of the Lourdes grotto in Miramare, which remains open today.[12][23] Miramare remains the motherhouse of the Sisters of the Immaculate, who regard Masi as their founder and also run a seaside retreat home, kindergarten, and nursing clinic in the neighbourhood.[13][24][25] Viale Don Domenico Masi, which houses the motherhouse and Lourdes grotto, is named after Masi; it is the next street north of Viale Ivo Oliveti, to which it runs parallel.[25] In 2012, there were 200 Sisters of the Immaculate across twenty-two houses in Italy, Venezuela, Paraguay, the Philippines and Indonesia.[13]
In 1966, the parish church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus was opened on Viale Guglielmo Marconi. Miramare had been designated as a curacy from 1955, but the motherhouse of the Sisters of the Immaculate had provided the only, and increasingly crowded, place of worship in the suburb for the preceding forty years.[26]
In the 1970s, a thalassotherapy centre was established opposite the Novarese Colony on Viale Principe di Piemonte; in 2000, it was restructured and renamed as Riminiterme.[27]
In 2003, voters in a municipal referendum approved plans to build Rimini's new Palacongressi on Miramare's border.[5] The conference space was eventually built on Via Monte Titano just outside the city centre, on the site of the old Rimini Fiera.[28][29]
Places of interest edit
Stronz d'Urland edit
A milestone along the Via Flaminia in Miramare marks the third mile away from Rimini. The structure is known in Romagnol as the stronz d'Urland (Italian: stronzo d'Orlando; lit.: Roland's turd).[9][30] The moniker comes from the size and shape of the milestone, imagining that the legendary Carolingian knight of Ludovico Ariosto's Orlando Furioso (1516), needing to relieve himself on his travels, deposited a turd on the side of the road.[9][a] Several poems document the legend;[35][36] in one, written in Romagnol, a man explains the moniker to his disbelieving grandson:[36]
This turd, try to understand,
Who made it is anyone's guess.
A Roman? A big man?
Who maybe was called Roland?
He planted it in the right place:
Three miles from the Arch of Augustus.
Given that before there wasn't one,
It has become a milestone.— Ivano Aurelio Muratori, Ch’jà fat e’ Strónz d’Urland?
Fascist colonies edit
Two fascist colonies were built in Miramare in the early 1930s: the Bolognese and Novarese. These were summertime recreational facilities for children and adolescents.[37] The colonies were built almost opposite each other on Viale Principe di Piemonte, the Bolognese Colony on the coastal side and the Novarese Colony on the other side of the road.
Bolognese Colony edit
The Bolognese Colony was built between 1931 and 1932 to the design of Ildebrando Tabarroni.[19] During the Second World War, the Bolognese Colony was used to house refugee children from Albania and Libya, as a military hospital for veterans from Operation Barbarossa, a woman's internment camp, and an Allied prisoner-of-war camp. It reopened for children's summer camps after the Second World War.[38]
In 2022, the Bolognese Colony was bought by an investor intending to refurbish it into a hotel.[39] The music video to La dolce vita, a pop single by Fedez, Tananai and Mara Sattei that topped the Italian charts in 2022,[40] was filmed outside the Bolognese Colony.[41]
Novarese Colony edit
The Novarese Colony was built between 1933 and 1934 to the design of Giuseppe Peverelli.[20][42] During the Second World War, the Novarese Colony was used as a military hospital and centre of military command.[42] It reopened for children's summer camps,[42] but after being deemed unsafe, having never been fully restored from the war damage, the Novarese Colony was converted into a camping site in 1959, remaining in use until 1975.[42][43]
Transport edit
Railway station edit
Rimini Miramare Railway Station Stazione FS di Rimini Miramare | |
|---|---|
| regional rail | |
| Rimini Miramare railway station in August 2015 | |
| General information | |
| Location | Viale Ivo Oliveti Miramare, Rimini (RN) Italy |
| Line(s) | |
| Platforms | 2 |
| Train operators | Trenitalia |
| Connections | Metromare Route 9M bus |
| Location | |
Rimini Miramare railway station (Italian: Stazione FS di Rimini Miramare) is a minor station on the Bologna–Ancona railway. It is served by around 15 regional trains per day, operated by Trenitalia. The station is accessed from Viale Ivo Oliveti east of the tracks; a pedestrian underpass allows passengers to cross to the road's western continuation.[44]
More trains stop at Rimini's railway station, the next station northbound, and Riccione's railway station, the next station southbound.
Air edit
Federico Fellini International Airport, serving Rimini, San Marino, and nearby regions, is located west of Miramare.[2] It is one of the main gateways to tourism in Rimini and Riccione.[45]
Metromare edit
Opened in 2019, the Metromare trolleybus rapid transit line runs adjacent to the Bologna–Ancona railway with two stops in Miramare: Miramare Station (by the railway station) and Miramare Airport (by Via Cavalieri di Vittorio Veneto). The trolleybus line connects Rimini's railway station to Riccione's railway station. It is operated by Start Romagna SpA.
Miramare's stops on the Metromare fall in a neutral fare zone between those of Rimini and Riccione. Passengers can purchase tickets for travel in one or both fare zones, either of which are valid for journeys starting/terminating at Miramare's Metromare stops.[46][47][48][49]
Bus edit
As of June 2023, Miramare is served by the following bus routes, all operated by Start Romagna SpA:
- The route 11 trolleybus runs along Miramare's principal seafront avenue, Viale Regina Margherita/Viale Principe di Piemonte. North of Miramare, the route continues along the principal seafront avenue through the frazioni of Rivazzurra, Marebello and Bellariva, then serves Marina Centro before turning west at Parco Federico Fellini to terminate just past Rimini's railway station. South of Miramare, the route continues along the principal seafront avenue to Riccione's port district, terminating at Riccione Terme.[6]
- Route 9 runs from Fellini Airport to Santarcangelo di Romagna or San Vito. Intermediate stops north of Miramare serve Rimini's southern residential suburbs, the city hospital, the Colonnella district, the Arch of Augustus, Rimini's railway station and Rimini Fiera. In Miramare, the line takes two possible routes: route 9T runs along the SS16 Via Flaminia state road, while route 9M runs adjacent to the railway line along Viale Londra/Viale Mosca, connecting the railway station and both Metromare stops to the airport.[6]
- Route 124 runs along Viale Parigi/Viale Losanna in Miramare. North of Miramare, the route is similar to that of route 9, terminating at Rimini's railway station. South of Miramare, route 124 serves Riccione's northern residential suburbs and hospital, Villaggio Argentina, Misano Cella and Sant'Andrea in Casale, terminating in Morciano di Romagna.[6][50]
- During the school season, route 134 stops on Miramare's principal seafront avenue. North of Miramare, the route turns off the principal seafront avenue after Bellariva to serve the city centre and railway station via the city hospital. South of Miramare, the route serves Misano Adriatico, Cattolica, San Giovanni in Marignano and Morciano. Outside the school season, route 134 runs between Cattolica and Morciano.[6]
In Start Romagna's fare zone structure, Miramare is designated as zone 951, a neutral fare zone between Rimini and Riccione.[6][51] Tickets can be sold for one or multiple fare zones; several routes extend to fare zones outside Rimini and Riccione.[51][52]
Notes edit
- ^ A rock in Piombino, Tuscany, shares the nickname.[31][32] The phrase may originate from the twelfth canto of Alessandro Tassoni's poem La secchia rapita (1622), in which Sprangon calls Lemizzone stronz d'Urland as an insult.[33][34]
References edit
- ^ a b "Miramare, abitanti infuriati: "Un'oasi in declino"". Il Ponte (in Italian). 24 January 2014. Retrieved 11 August 2019.
- ^ a b c "Guida Practica". Rimini turismo. 3 September 2018. Retrieved 10 August 2019.
- ^ a b c "Miramare di Rimini". RomagnaZone (in Italian). 22 September 2014. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
- ^ a b c d Masini, Manlio (2 November 2022). "La contesa tra Rimini e Riccione sui confini e il ponte sul Marano" [The dispute between Rimini and Riccione over their borders and the bridge over the Marano]. Corriere Romagna (in Italian). Retrieved 30 June 2023.
- ^ a b "Referendum popolari 2003" [Popular referenda 2003] (in Italian). Comune di Rimini. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Rete dei trasporti pubblici del Comune di Rimini" [Public transport network of Rimini] (PDF). Start Romagna (in Italian). Retrieved 7 June 2023.
- ^ a b c "Miramare". Sei di Rimini se... (in Italian). Retrieved 9 August 2019.
- ^ One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Ashby, Thomas (1911). "Flaminia, Via". In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 476.
- ^ a b c "Stronz d'Urland... Lo Stronzo di Orlando! Il cippo romano di Miramare" [Stronz d'Urland...Orlando's Shit! The Roman Cipus of Miramare.]. RomagnaZone (in Italian). 27 April 2015. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
- ^ "Aperto il sottopasso ciclopedonale del Terzo miglio" [The cycleable underpass of the Third Milestone is opened]. Municipality of Rimini (in Italian). 27 February 2013. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
- ^ Zaghini, Paolo (26 September 2016). "Chi era Amati, "padre della patria" di Riccione" [Who was Amati, "father of the country" of Riccione?]. Chiamami Città (in Italian). Retrieved 3 June 2023.
- ^ a b c "A Miramare una mostra permanente su don Domenico Masi" [In Miramare, a permanent exhibition on Don Domenico Masi]. www.buongiornorimini.it (in Italian). 4 December 2021. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
- ^ a b c "La storia della congregazione Sorelle dell'Immacolata" [The story of the Congregation of the Sisters of the Immaculate]. Congregation of the "Sisters of the Immaculate". Retrieved 30 June 2023.
- ^ Pasini, Guido (25 June 2017). "I primi collegamenti tram a Rimini" [The first tram connections in Rimini]. RomagnaZone (in Italian). Retrieved 27 June 2023.
- ^ a b c "History". Patrimonio Mobilità Provincia di Rimini. Retrieved 27 June 2023.
- ^ a b "La linea tranviaria Riccione-Rimini" [The Riccione-Rimini tramway]. Famija Arciunesa (in Italian). 27 November 2019. Retrieved 2023-06-27.
- ^ "Dal primo tram elettrico al Metromare, Rimini celebra un secolo di mobilità green" [From the first electric tram to the Metromare, Rimini celebrates a century of green mobility]. RiminiToday (in Italian). 29 September 2021. Retrieved 27 June 2023.
- ^ "Pronti a celebrare i primi 80 anni del filobus Rimini-Riccione" [Ready to celebrate the first 80 years of the Rimini-Riccione trolleybus]. RiminiToday (in Italian). 28 June 2019. Retrieved 27 June 2023.
- ^ a b "Colonia Bolognese" [Bolognese Colony]. riminiturismo.it (in Italian). Retrieved 1 July 2023.
- ^ a b "Colonia Novarese" [Novarese Colony]. riminiturismo.it (in Italian). Retrieved 1 July 2023.
- ^ "Le Colonie" [The Colonies]. www.lecolonie.com (in Italian). Retrieved 1 July 2023.
- ^ "Villa Mussolini". Comune di Riccione. Retrieved 1 June 2023.
- ^ "Una grotta in riva al mare". Il Ponte (in Italian). 3 June 2022. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
- ^ "Sorelle dell'Immacolata Case ed Opere nella diocesi di Rimini" [Sisters of the Immaculate houses and works in the Diocese of Rimini]. Congregation of the "Sisters of the Immaculate". Retrieved 30 June 2023.
- ^ a b "Don Domenico Masi". Scuola in Chiaro (in Italian). Retrieved 3 June 2023.
- ^ Lualdi, Alessandro. "La Storia" [History] (in Italian). Parrocchia Sacro Cuore di Gesù. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
- ^ "Riminiterme - Spa". riminiturismo.it (in Italian). Retrieved 1 July 2023.
- ^ "1 dicembre 1968 - La Fiera di Rimini inaugura la sua prima sede" [1 December 1968: Rimini Fiera inaugurates its first location]. Chiamami Città (in Italian). 30 November 2022. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
- ^ "Rimini, il Palacongressi "spaziale" non decolla. Costato 110 milioni, ha problemi antisismici" [Rimini, the "spaceship" Palacongressi does not take off. It cost 110 million and has anti-seismic problems.]. Il Fatto Quotidiano (in Italian). 28 May 2011. Retrieved 9 June 2023.
- ^ "Sopralluogo al nuovo sottopasso sulla Flaminia. Inaugurazione tra un mese" [Inspection of the new underpass on the Flaminia: inauguration in a month.]. newsrimini.it (in Italian). 27 February 2013. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
- ^ Luppi, Gordiano (8 March 2020). "La leggenda dello stronzolo di Orlando" [The legend of Orlando's small turd]. www.quinewsvaldicornia.it (in Italian). Retrieved 30 June 2023.
- ^ Agroppi, Aldo (8 September 2015). "Lo Scoglio d'Orlando inglobato dal cemento, la protesta di Aldo Agroppi" [The Scoglio d'Orlando incorporated by concrete: The protest of Aldo Agroppi]. Il Tirreno (in Italian). Retrieved 30 June 2023.
- ^ Tassoni, Alessandro (1767). La secchia rapita [At the triumph of Modena for a bucket stolen from the Bolognese: A ridiculous poem transported in the Bolognese language from an academic of Tridell] (in Romagnol). Modena: Stampadur Ducal. p. 224. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
- ^ Tassoni, Alessandro (1930). Rossi, Giorgio (ed.). La secchia rapita [The Kidnapped Bucket] (in Italian). Bari: Gius. Laterza & Figli. p. 224. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
- ^ Sacchini, Bruno. "E stronz d'urland" [And Roland's turd]. www.donatialoque.it (in Italian). Retrieved 30 June 2023.
- ^ a b Muratori, Ivano Aurelio (6 June 2022). "Ch'jà fat e' Strónz d'Urland?" [Who made the turd of Roland?]. Chiamamicitta (in Romagnol). Retrieved 30 June 2023.
- ^ Gubellini, Fabio (10 December 2016). "Cosa resta delle vecchie colonie estive del Fascismo" [What remains of the old summertime fascist colonies]. La Repubblica (in Italian). Retrieved 1 July 2023.
- ^ "La colonia marina del fascio bolognese" [The marine colony of Bolognese fascists]. www.bibliotecasalaborsa.it (in Italian). Retrieved 1 July 2023.
- ^ "Miramare, Orfeo Bianchi si 'riprende' l'ex colonia Bolognese per 5,2 milioni" [Miramare: Orfeo Bianchi 'recovers' the former Bolognese Colony for 5.2 million]. Il Resto del Carlino (in Italian). 3 August 2022. Retrieved 1 July 2023.
- ^ "Fedez / Tananai / Mara Sattei - La dolce vita". Ultratop (in Dutch). Retrieved 2 July 2023.
- ^ Zavagli, Stefano (7 June 2022). "Fedez e "La Dolce vita" in salsa romagnola, la spiaggia di Rimini spopola nel nuovo video della canzone" [Fedez and "La dolce vita" in salsa romagnol: Rimini's beach is depopulated in the song's new video]. RiminiToday (in Italian). Retrieved 2 July 2023.
- ^ a b c d "Colonia Novarese" [Novarese Colony]. fondoambiente.it (in Italian). Retrieved 1 July 2023.
- ^ "La Colonia marina Novarese di Miramare" [The marine Novarese Colony of Miramare]. Il Palloncino Rosso (in Italian). 17 June 2020. Retrieved 1 July 2023.
- ^ "Useful information about Rimini Miramare". Wanderio. Retrieved 9 August 2019.
- ^ Ronchetti, Natascia (20 September 2018). "Piano da 40 milioni per l'aeroporto di Rimini". Turismo. Il Sole 24 Ore (in Italian). Retrieved 11 August 2019.
- ^ "Il Metromare elettrico al 100%, in linea i nuovi mezzi" [The 100% electric Metromare: The new vehicles are live]. RiminiToday (in Italian). 27 October 2021. Retrieved 11 June 2023.
- ^ "Metromare, ufficializzate le tariffe della tratta Rimini-Riccione" [Metromare's Rimini-Riccione fares are officialised]. RiminiToday (in Italian). 20 November 2019. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
- ^ "Riparte il servizio del Metromare, bus sanificati ogni giorno e corse fino alle 2" [The Metromare service starts again: Buses sanitised every day and services until 2 am]. RiminiToday (in Italian). 21 July 2020. Retrieved 11 June 2023.
- ^ "Il Metromare torna in funzione: ripartono i collegamenti tra Rimini e Riccione" [The Metromare is back in operation: Connections between Rimini and Riccione restart]. RiminiToday (in Italian). 25 July 2020. Retrieved 11 June 2023.
- ^ "Orari Linea 124" [Route 124 Bus Schedule] (PDF) (in Italian). Start Romagna. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
- ^ a b "Rimini: Zona 900 e zone neutre" [Rimini: Zone 900 and neutral zones] (PDF). Start Romagna (in Italian). Retrieved 30 June 2023.
- ^ "Info Biglietti" [Tickets information]. Start Romagna (in Italian). Retrieved 30 June 2023.