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Minho (river)

The Minho (/ˈmn.j/ MEEN-yoo, Portuguese: [ˈmiɲu]) or Miño (/ˈmnj/ MEEN-yoh, Spanish: [ˈmiɲo], Galician: [ˈmiɲʊ]; Proto-Celtic: *Miniu) is the longest river in Galicia, with a length of 340 kilometres (210 mi). It forms part of the international border between Spain and Portugal. By discharge volume, it is the fourth largest river of the Iberian peninsula after the Douro, Ebro, and Tagus rivers.

Minho
Miño
The river Minho, and the town of Tui, as seen from Valença
Map showing the location of the Minho
Nickname(s)O Pai Miño (Galician for 'The Father Minho')
Native name
Location
CountrySpain, Portugal
CityLugo, Ourense
Physical characteristics
SourcePedregal de Irimia
 • locationSerra de Meira, Lugo, Galicia, Spain
 • coordinates43°12′41″N 7°16′52″W / 43.21139°N 7.28111°W / 43.21139; -7.28111
 • elevation695 m (2,280 ft)
Source confluencePeares
 • locationOurense, Galicia, Spain
 • coordinates42°27′14″N 7°43′48″W / 42.45389°N 7.73000°W / 42.45389; -7.73000
MouthMiño Estuary. Near Caminha, Portugal.
 • location
Atlantic Ocean, Spain
 • coordinates
41°52′0″N 8°52′12″W / 41.86667°N 8.87000°W / 41.86667; -8.87000
 • elevation
0 m (0 ft)
Length350 km (220 mi)
Discharge 
 • average420 m3/s (15,000 cu ft/s)
Basin features
ReservoirsBelesar, Peares, Velle, Castrelo and Frieira

The Minho waters vineyards and farmland and is used to produce hydroelectric power. It also delineates a section of the SpanishPortuguese border. In ancient English maps, it appears as Minno.[citation needed]

The source of the Minho lies north of Lugo in Galicia, in a place called Pedregal de Irimia. After about 73 kilometres (45 mi), the river passes just south of the walls of this old Roman city, discharging in average 42 m3/s, and flows south through canyons until the valley widens north of Ourense. The river has been harnessed in reservoirs from Portomarín to Frieira. Along its length, it has the following reservoirs: Belesar with 654 cubic hectometres (530,000 acre⋅ft), Peares with 182 cubic hectometres (148,000 acre⋅ft), Velle with 17 cubic hectometres (14,000 acre⋅ft), Castrelo with 60 cubic hectometres (49,000 acre⋅ft) and Frieira with 44 cubic hectometres (36,000 acre⋅ft).

About 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Ourense at Os Peares, the Minho, with a discharge of 102 m3/s, receives the waters of its main tributary, the Sil, with 184 m3/s. Passing Ourense, there is one major dam at Frieira near the town of Ribadavia, which is famous for its Ribeiro DOP wine (called after the name of the region). There, the Minho averages 316 m3/s of discharge. Later on, the river flows in a southwest direction until reaching the Portuguese border near Melgaço.

After 260 kilometres (160 mi) through Galicia, the Minho sets the border to Portugal for about other 80 kilometres (50 mi), mainly towards the west. The valley is a lush, green agricultural area where the land is used to produce corn, potatoes, cabbage, even kiwi fruit, or just grass, depending on the time of year, and everywhere edging the fields, rivers and gardens, wherever there is space, the vines which produce the light, slightly sparkling "Vinho Verde" and the Ribeiro wine, both peculiar to this area. The very best of these wines, Alvarinho in Portuguese or Albariño in Spanish and Galician, is produced in the area around Monção, Arbo, and Melgaço.

Passing the medieval towns of Melgaço and Monção, the Minho divides the Spanish Tui and Portuguese Valença do Minho, towns that guarded an important bridge for road and rail. Both towns preserve fortifications and are national monuments. The Minho reaches the Atlantic between the Galician A Guarda and the Portuguese Caminha, with an average discharge of 420 m3/s.

Geography edit

 
Pedregal de Irimia

The river begins in the Pedregal de Irimia of the Sierra de Meira, about 695 metres (2,280 ft) above sea level, in the northeast of the province of Lugo, where it flows through the town of Meira and reaches the lagoon Fonmiñá in the municipality of A Pastoriza. The lagoon was historically (and wrongly) regarded as the source of the Minho. The river flows through the Galician massif, the Cantabrian Mountain range and the mountains of Leon, two of the rainiest areas of the Iberian Peninsula.

The upper course has been declared a Biosphere Reserve. The first 64 kilometres (40 mi) cross the plateau of Lugo (Terrachá), a peneplain whose elevation ranges from 450 to 650 metres (1,480 to 2,130 ft) above the sea level.

The main tributaries are the Sil, Neira, Avia, Barbantiño, Búbal, Arnoya rivers.

 
The mouth of the Minho

Etymology edit

According to E. Bascuas, "Miño", registered as Minius and Mineus, is a form belonging to the old European hydronymy, and derived from the Indoeuropean root *mei- 'walk, go'.[1]

Legends, traditions and superstitions edit

The story tells the oral tradition of Galician mythological characters that were living in the basin of the Rio Minho, such as feiticeiras (witches) who lived in the same river, the Xarcos who dwelt in wells located throughout the watershed and fish-men who were amphibious with the possibility of living both on land and in water.[2]

Tributaries edit

Right edit

  • Pontevedra
    • Río Tamuxe (also called Carballas, Carballo or Carvallo)
    • Río Pego
    • Río Cereixo da Brinha
    • Río Furnia (also called Forcadela)
    • Río Louro
    • Río Caselas
    • Río Tea
    • Río Uma
    • Río Deva (there is another Deva River on the left bank)
    • Río Ribadil
    • Río Cea
  • Ourense
  • Lugo
    • Río Asma
    • Río Narón
    • Río Ferreira
    • Río Mera
    • Río Narla
    • Río Ladra
    • Río Támoga
    • Río Anllo

Left edit

  • Portugal
    • Rio Mouro
    • Rio Gadanha
    • Rio Coura
  • Ourense
  • Lugo
    • Río Sardiñeira
    • Río Loio
    • Río Neira
    • Río Chamoso
    • Río Robra (also called río Santa Marta)
    • Río Lea
    • Río Azúmar

See also edit

References edit

  • Río Barja, Francisco Javier; Rodríguez Lestegás, Francisco (1992). Os rios galegos: morfoloxia e rexime. Santiago de Compostela: Consello da cultura galega. ISBN 84-87172-76-8.
  1. ^ Bascuas López, Edelmiro (2008). (PDF). Estudios mindonienses: Anuario de estudios histórico-teológicos de la diócesis de Mondoñedo-Ferrol (24): 534. ISSN 0213-4357. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 June 2016. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
  2. ^ Revista Natura. 25. April 1985. {{cite journal}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)

External links edit

  • at the Wayback Machine (archived October 15, 2004)
  • The Minho River Wine Tour
  • Minho River border

minho, river, river, jamaica, minho, this, article, includes, list, general, references, lacks, sufficient, corresponding, inline, citations, please, help, improve, this, article, introducing, more, precise, citations, june, 2008, learn, when, remove, this, te. For the river in Jamaica see Rio Minho This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations June 2008 Learn how and when to remove this template message This article may require copy editing for grammar style cohesion tone or spelling You can assist by editing it December 2023 Learn how and when to remove this template message The Minho ˈ m iː n j uː MEEN yoo Portuguese ˈmiɲu or Mino ˈ m iː n j oʊ MEEN yoh Spanish ˈmiɲo Galician ˈmiɲʊ Proto Celtic Miniu is the longest river in Galicia with a length of 340 kilometres 210 mi It forms part of the international border between Spain and Portugal By discharge volume it is the fourth largest river of the Iberian peninsula after the Douro Ebro and Tagus rivers MinhoMinoThe river Minho and the town of Tui as seen from ValencaMap showing the location of the MinhoNickname s O Pai Mino Galician for The Father Minho Native nameMino Spanish Mino Galician Minho Portuguese LocationCountrySpain PortugalCityLugo OurensePhysical characteristicsSourcePedregal de Irimia locationSerra de Meira Lugo Galicia Spain coordinates43 12 41 N 7 16 52 W 43 21139 N 7 28111 W 43 21139 7 28111 elevation695 m 2 280 ft Source confluencePeares locationOurense Galicia Spain coordinates42 27 14 N 7 43 48 W 42 45389 N 7 73000 W 42 45389 7 73000MouthMino Estuary Near Caminha Portugal locationAtlantic Ocean Spain coordinates41 52 0 N 8 52 12 W 41 86667 N 8 87000 W 41 86667 8 87000 elevation0 m 0 ft Length350 km 220 mi Discharge average420 m3 s 15 000 cu ft s Basin featuresReservoirsBelesar Peares Velle Castrelo and FrieiraThe Minho waters vineyards and farmland and is used to produce hydroelectric power It also delineates a section of the Spanish Portuguese border In ancient English maps it appears as Minno citation needed The source of the Minho lies north of Lugo in Galicia in a place called Pedregal de Irimia After about 73 kilometres 45 mi the river passes just south of the walls of this old Roman city discharging in average 42 m3 s and flows south through canyons until the valley widens north of Ourense The river has been harnessed in reservoirs from Portomarin to Frieira Along its length it has the following reservoirs Belesar with 654 cubic hectometres 530 000 acre ft Peares with 182 cubic hectometres 148 000 acre ft Velle with 17 cubic hectometres 14 000 acre ft Castrelo with 60 cubic hectometres 49 000 acre ft and Frieira with 44 cubic hectometres 36 000 acre ft About 20 kilometres 12 mi north of Ourense at Os Peares the Minho with a discharge of 102 m3 s receives the waters of its main tributary the Sil with 184 m3 s Passing Ourense there is one major dam at Frieira near the town of Ribadavia which is famous for its Ribeiro DOP wine called after the name of the region There the Minho averages 316 m3 s of discharge Later on the river flows in a southwest direction until reaching the Portuguese border near Melgaco After 260 kilometres 160 mi through Galicia the Minho sets the border to Portugal for about other 80 kilometres 50 mi mainly towards the west The valley is a lush green agricultural area where the land is used to produce corn potatoes cabbage even kiwi fruit or just grass depending on the time of year and everywhere edging the fields rivers and gardens wherever there is space the vines which produce the light slightly sparkling Vinho Verde and the Ribeiro wine both peculiar to this area The very best of these wines Alvarinho in Portuguese or Albarino in Spanish and Galician is produced in the area around Moncao Arbo and Melgaco Passing the medieval towns of Melgaco and Moncao the Minho divides the Spanish Tui and Portuguese Valenca do Minho towns that guarded an important bridge for road and rail Both towns preserve fortifications and are national monuments The Minho reaches the Atlantic between the Galician A Guarda and the Portuguese Caminha with an average discharge of 420 m3 s Contents 1 Geography 2 Etymology 3 Legends traditions and superstitions 4 Tributaries 4 1 Right 4 2 Left 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksGeography edit nbsp Pedregal de IrimiaThe river begins in the Pedregal de Irimia of the Sierra de Meira about 695 metres 2 280 ft above sea level in the northeast of the province of Lugo where it flows through the town of Meira and reaches the lagoon Fonmina in the municipality of A Pastoriza The lagoon was historically and wrongly regarded as the source of the Minho The river flows through the Galician massif the Cantabrian Mountain range and the mountains of Leon two of the rainiest areas of the Iberian Peninsula The upper course has been declared a Biosphere Reserve The first 64 kilometres 40 mi cross the plateau of Lugo Terracha a peneplain whose elevation ranges from 450 to 650 metres 1 480 to 2 130 ft above the sea level The main tributaries are the Sil Neira Avia Barbantino Bubal Arnoya rivers nbsp The mouth of the MinhoEtymology editAccording to E Bascuas Mino registered as Minius and Mineus is a form belonging to the old European hydronymy and derived from the Indoeuropean root mei walk go 1 Legends traditions and superstitions editThe story tells the oral tradition of Galician mythological characters that were living in the basin of the Rio Minho such as feiticeiras witches who lived in the same river the Xarcos who dwelt in wells located throughout the watershed and fish men who were amphibious with the possibility of living both on land and in water 2 Tributaries editRight edit Pontevedra Rio Tamuxe also called Carballas Carballo or Carvallo Rio Pego Rio Cereixo da Brinha Rio Furnia also called Forcadela Rio Louro Rio Caselas Rio Tea Rio Uma Rio Deva there is another Deva River on the left bank Rio Ribadil Rio Cea Ourense Rio Avia Rio Barbantino Rio Bubal Lugo Rio Asma Rio Naron Rio Ferreira Rio Mera Rio Narla Rio Ladra Rio Tamoga Rio AnlloLeft edit Portugal Rio Mouro Rio Gadanha Rio Coura Ourense Rio Deva Rio Arnoia Rio Barbana Rio Lonia Sil River Lugo Rio Sardineira Rio Loio Rio Neira Rio Chamoso Rio Robra also called rio Santa Marta Rio Lea Rio AzumarSee also editList of rivers of Portugal List of rivers of Spain Rivers of GaliciaReferences editRio Barja Francisco Javier Rodriguez Lestegas Francisco 1992 Os rios galegos morfoloxia e rexime Santiago de Compostela Consello da cultura galega ISBN 84 87172 76 8 Bascuas Lopez Edelmiro 2008 La Hidronimia de Galicia tres estratos Paleoeuropeo celta y latino PDF Estudios mindonienses Anuario de estudios historico teologicos de la diocesis de Mondonedo Ferrol 24 534 ISSN 0213 4357 Archived from the original PDF on 11 June 2016 Retrieved 29 December 2021 Revista Natura 25 April 1985 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Missing or empty title help External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Minho River Rio Mino un rio maltratado at the Wayback Machine archived October 15 2004 El Rio Mino y ciudad de Tui The Minho River Wine Tour Minho River border Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Minho river amp oldid 1196637027, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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