Mineralnye Vody
Mineralnye Vody (Min-Vody) (Russian: Минеральные Воды (Мин-Воды), IPA: [mʲɪnʲɪˈralʲnɨjə ˈvodɨ, mʲɪn ˈvodɨ]; lit. mineral waters) is a town in Stavropol Krai, Russia, located along the Kuma River and the main rail line between Rostov-on-Don in Russia and Baku in Azerbaijan. Population: 76,728 (2010 Russian census);[3] 75,644 (2002 Census);[7] 70,961 (1989 Soviet census).[8]
Mineralnye Vody Минеральные Воды | |
|---|---|
Panoramic view of Mineralnye Vody | |
| Coat of arms | |
Mineralnye Vody Location of Mineralnye Vody Mineralnye Vody Mineralnye Vody (Stavropol Krai) | |
| Coordinates: 44°13′N 43°08′E / 44.217°N 43.133°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Stavropol Krai[1] |
| Founded | 1878 |
| Town status since | 1922 |
| Government | |
| • Head | Konstantin Gamayunov |
| Area | |
| • Total | 51.55 km2 (19.90 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 300 m (1,000 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 76,728 |
| • Rank | 213th in 2010 |
| • Density | 1,500/km2 (3,900/sq mi) |
| • Subordinated to | town of krai significance of Mineralnye Vody[1] |
| • Capital of | town of krai significance of Mineralnye Vody,[1] Mineralovodsky District[1] |
| • Urban okrug | Mineralovodsky Urban Okrug[4] |
| • Capital of | Mineralovodsky Urban Okrug[4] |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK [5]) |
| Postal code(s)[6] | 357200–357205, 357207, 357209, 357210–357212, 357260, 357261, 357265, 357270 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 8792 |
| OKTMO ID | 07721000001 |
| Website | |
History edit
The town owes its birth to the construction of the Rostov-Vladikavkaz Railway, which was completed in 1875. In 1878, the village which developed around the construction was officially recognized and named Sultanovsky. In 1906 the name was changed to Illarionovsky, in honor of Count I. I. Vorontsov-Dashkov, a local nobleman. In October 1921, at the end of the civil war when Soviet rule had been established, the name was again changed to Mineralnye Vody and town status was granted.[9] The new town had a population of around 14.000 people. It was occupied by Nazi Germany between 10 August 1942 and 11 January 1943 during World War II. During the German occupation, between 6500 and 7500 Jews were murdered in an anti-tank ditches located next to the city [10],[11]
Administrative and municipal status edit
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Mineralnye Vody serves as the administrative center of Mineralovodsky District, even though it is not a part of it.[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the town of krai significance of Mineralnye Vody—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, the territories of the town of krai significance of Mineralnye Vody and of Mineralovodsky District have been incorporated as Mineralovodsky Urban Okrug[4] since June 7, 2015.[12] Prior to that, the district was incorporated as Mineralovodsky Municipal District, with the town of krai significance of Mineralnye Vody being incorporated within it as Mineralnye Vody Urban Settlement.[12]
Economy edit
The town is served by the Mineralnye Vody Airport, connecting the town with some Russian and international destinations. It is connected by R217 highway (Russia) to Krasnodar and Derbent. The R217 forms part of European route E50.
Geography edit
The town is located along the Kuma River and the main rail line between Rostov-on-Don in Russia and Baku in Azerbaijan.
Climate edit
Mineralnye Vody's climate classified as humid continental (Köppen climate classification Dfa).
| Climate data for Mineralnye Vody | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 19.5 (67.1) | 22.3 (72.1) | 30.3 (86.5) | 34.5 (94.1) | 34.9 (94.8) | 37.5 (99.5) | 40.2 (104.4) | 41.1 (106.0) | 38.8 (101.8) | 34.1 (93.4) | 25.8 (78.4) | 20.5 (68.9) | 41.1 (106.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 1.7 (35.1) | 2.5 (36.5) | 8.4 (47.1) | 16.8 (62.2) | 21.8 (71.2) | 26.5 (79.7) | 29.8 (85.6) | 29.3 (84.7) | 23.9 (75.0) | 16.4 (61.5) | 8.2 (46.8) | 2.8 (37.0) | 15.7 (60.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −2.5 (27.5) | −2.4 (27.7) | 2.9 (37.2) | 10.1 (50.2) | 15.1 (59.2) | 19.6 (67.3) | 22.7 (72.9) | 22.0 (71.6) | 16.8 (62.2) | 10.2 (50.4) | 3.4 (38.1) | −1.3 (29.7) | 9.7 (49.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −5.7 (21.7) | −6.1 (21.0) | −1.2 (29.8) | 4.6 (40.3) | 9.2 (48.6) | 13.6 (56.5) | 16.2 (61.2) | 15.7 (60.3) | 11.2 (52.2) | 5.8 (42.4) | 0.2 (32.4) | −4.6 (23.7) | 4.9 (40.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −33.3 (−27.9) | −31.6 (−24.9) | −23.4 (−10.1) | −7.6 (18.3) | −2.9 (26.8) | 3.2 (37.8) | 7.4 (45.3) | 4.2 (39.6) | −4.6 (23.7) | −18.0 (−0.4) | −23.6 (−10.5) | −31.5 (−24.7) | −33.3 (−27.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 18 (0.7) | 18 (0.7) | 28 (1.1) | 54 (2.1) | 66 (2.6) | 86 (3.4) | 69 (2.7) | 48 (1.9) | 35 (1.4) | 38 (1.5) | 31 (1.2) | 28 (1.1) | 519 (20.4) |
| Source: Pogoda.ru.net[13] | |||||||||||||
References edit
Notes edit
- ^ a b c d e f g Resolution #63-p
- ^ Управление Росреестра по Ставропольскому краю. Доклад о состоянии и использовании земель Ставропольского края в 2010 году[permanent dead link], p. 54
- ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ a b c Law #88-kz
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ Great Russian Encyclopaedia (Moscow, 2004-2017), vol 20 (of 35), entry for Mineralnye Vody; ISBN 978-5-85270-354-5
- ^ http://yahadmap.org/#village/mineralnye-vody-stavropol-russia.1160
- ^ https://collections.yadvashem.org/en/untold-stories/community/14621534-Mineralnyye-Vody
- ^ a b Law #51-kz
- ^ "Pogoda.ru.net" (in Russian). Retrieved September 8, 2007.
Sources edit
- Правительство Ставропольского края. Постановление №63-п от 4 мая 2006 г. «Об утверждении реестра административно-территориальных единиц Ставропольского края», в ред. Постановления №75-п от 5 марта 2015 г. «О внесении изменения в пункт 47 Раздела II Реестра административно-территориальных единиц Ставропольского края, утверждённый Постановлением Правительства Ставропольского края от 04 мая 2006 г. №63-п». Вступил в силу с 4 мая 2006 г.. Опубликован: "Сборник законов и других правовых актов Ставропольского края", №17, ст. 5609, 10 июля 2006 г. (Government of Stavropol Krai. Resolution #63-p of May 4, 2006 On the Adoption of the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units of Stavropol Krai, as amended by the Resolution #75-p of March 5, 2015 On Amending Item 47 of Section II of the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units of Stavropol Krai Adopted by Resolution #63-p of the Government of Stavropol Krai of May 4, 2006. Effective as of May 4, 2006.).
- Государственная Дума Ставропольского края. Закон №88-кз от 4 октября 2004 г. «О наделении муниципальных образований Ставропольского края статусом городского, сельского поселения, городского округа, муниципального района», в ред. Закона №51-кз от 28 мая 2015 г. «О преобразовании муниципальных образований, входящих в состав Минераловодского муниципального района Ставропольского края (Минераловодского территориального муниципального образования Ставропольского края), и об организации местного самоуправления на территории Минераловодского района Ставропольского края». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Ставропольская правда", №216, 6 октября 2004 г. (State Duma of Stavropol Krai. Law #88-kz of October 4, 2004 On Granting the Status of Urban, Rural Settlement, Urban Okrug, Municipal District to the Municipal Formations of Stavropol Krai, as amended by the Law #51-kz of May 28, 2015 On the Transformation of the Municipal Formations Within Mineralovodsky Municipal District of Stavropol Krai (Mineralovodskoye Territorial Municipal Formation of Stavropol Krai), and on the Organization of the Local Self-Government on the Territory of Mineralovodsky District of Stavropol Krai. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
External links edit
- Yad Vashem. The murder of the Jews of Mineralnye Vody during World War II.