Metalloestrogen

Metalloestrogens are a class of inorganic xenoestrogens which can affect the gene expression of human cells responding to estrogen. Effects are related to the physiologic function of estrogen because metalloestrogens have shown affinity for estrogen receptors. Because they can mimic estrogen thus activating the receptor, they are considered harmful and potentially linked with breast cancer.^[1] List of metalloestrogens include aluminium, antimony, arsenite, barium, cadmium,^[2] chromium (Cr(II)), cobalt, copper, lead, mercury, nickel, selenite, tin and vanadate.^{[citation needed]}

References

1. Darbre, P. D. (2006). "Metalloestrogens: an emerging class of inorganic xenoestrogens with potential to add to the oestrogenic burden of the human breast". Journal of Applied Toxicology. 26 (3): 191–197. doi:10.1002/jat.1135. PMID 16489580. S2CID 26291680.
2. Thévenod, Frank; Lee, Wing-Kee (2013). "Chapter 14. Toxicology of cadmium and its damage to mammalian organs". In Astrid Sigel, Helmut Sigel and Roland K. O. Sigel (ed.). Cadmium: From Toxicology to Essentiality. Metal Ions in Life Sciences. Vol. 11. Springer. pp. 465–466. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-5179-8_14. PMID 23430781.