Look up metabolite in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
In biochemistry, a metabolite is an intermediate or end product of metabolism.[1] The term is usually used for small molecules. Metabolites have various functions, including fuel, structure, signaling, stimulatory and inhibitory effects on enzymes, catalytic activity of their own (usually as a cofactor to an enzyme), defense, and interactions with other organisms (e.g. pigments, odorants, and pheromones).
Some antibiotics use primary metabolites as precursors, such as actinomycin, which is created from the primary metabolite tryptophan. Some sugars are metabolites, such as fructose or glucose, which are both present in the metabolic pathways.
Examples of primary metabolites produced by industrial microbiology include:[2]
The metabolome forms a large network of metabolic reactions, where outputs from one enzymatic chemical reaction are inputs to other chemical reactions.
Metabolites from chemical compounds, whether inherent or pharmaceutical, form as part of the natural biochemical process of degrading and eliminating the compounds.[3] The rate of degradation of a compound is an important determinant of the duration and intensity of its action. Understanding how pharmaceutical compounds are metabolized and the potential side effects of their metabolites is an important part of drug discovery.[4]
^ Venes, Donald, ed. (1940). Taber's Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary (23 ed.). Philadelphia: F.A. Davis (published 2017). p. 1510. ISBN9780803659407. Retrieved 16 March 2020. metabolite [...] Any product of metabolism.
^Demain, Arnold L. (December 1980). "Microbial production of primary metabolites". Naturwissenschaften. 67 (12): 582–587. Bibcode:1980NW.....67..582D. doi:10.1007/BF00396537. PMID 7231563. S2CID 21590956.
^ Harris, Edward D. "Biochemical Facts behind the Definition and Properties of Metabolites" (PDF). FDA.gov. United States Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
^Obach, R. Scott; Esbenshade, Timothy A. (April 2013). "Pharmacologically Active Drug Metabolites: Impact on Drug Discovery and Pharmacotherapy". Pharmacological Reviews. 65 (2): 578–640. doi:10.1124/pr.111.005439. PMID 23406671. S2CID 720243.
External links
Media related to Metabolites at Wikimedia Commons
January 31, 2023
metabolite, look, metabolite, wiktionary, free, dictionary, biochemistry, metabolite, intermediate, product, metabolism, term, usually, used, small, molecules, have, various, functions, including, fuel, structure, signaling, stimulatory, inhibitory, effects, e. Look up metabolite in Wiktionary the free dictionary In biochemistry a metabolite is an intermediate or end product of metabolism 1 The term is usually used for small molecules Metabolites have various functions including fuel structure signaling stimulatory and inhibitory effects on enzymes catalytic activity of their own usually as a cofactor to an enzyme defense and interactions with other organisms e g pigments odorants and pheromones A primary metabolite is directly involved in normal growth development and reproduction Ethylene exemplifies a primary metabolite produced large scale by industrial microbiology A secondary metabolite is not directly involved in those processes but usually has an important ecological function Examples include antibiotics and pigments such as resins and terpenes etc Some antibiotics use primary metabolites as precursors such as actinomycin which is created from the primary metabolite tryptophan Some sugars are metabolites such as fructose or glucose which are both present in the metabolic pathways Examples of primary metabolites produced by industrial microbiology include 2 Class ExampleAlcohol EthanolAmino acids Glutamic acid aspartic acidNucleotides 5 guanylic acidAntioxidants Isoascorbic acidOrganic acids Acetic acid lactic acidPolyols GlycerolVitamins B2The metabolome forms a large network of metabolic reactions where outputs from one enzymatic chemical reaction are inputs to other chemical reactions Metabolites from chemical compounds whether inherent or pharmaceutical form as part of the natural biochemical process of degrading and eliminating the compounds 3 The rate of degradation of a compound is an important determinant of the duration and intensity of its action Understanding how pharmaceutical compounds are metabolized and the potential side effects of their metabolites is an important part of drug discovery 4 See also EditAntimetabolite Intermediary metabolism also called intermediate metabolism Metabolic control analysis Metabolomics the study of global metabolite profiles in a system cell tissue or organism under a given set of conditions Metabolic pathway Volatile Organic CompoundsReferences Edit Venes Donald ed 1940 Taber s Cyclopedic Medical Dictionary 23 ed Philadelphia F A Davis published 2017 p 1510 ISBN 9780803659407 Retrieved 16 March 2020 metabolite Any product of metabolism Demain Arnold L December 1980 Microbial production of primary metabolites Naturwissenschaften 67 12 582 587 Bibcode 1980NW 67 582D doi 10 1007 BF00396537 PMID 7231563 S2CID 21590956 Harris Edward D Biochemical Facts behind the Definition and Properties of Metabolites PDF FDA gov United States Food and Drug Administration Retrieved 28 April 2017 Obach R Scott Esbenshade Timothy A April 2013 Pharmacologically Active Drug Metabolites Impact on Drug Discovery and Pharmacotherapy Pharmacological Reviews 65 2 578 640 doi 10 1124 pr 111 005439 PMID 23406671 S2CID 720243 External links Edit Media related to Metabolites at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Metabolite amp oldid 1123298255, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
