The term menhuan itself is of comparatively recent origin: according to Ma Tong (1983), it was first attested in an essay by the Hezhou Prefecture Magistrate Yang Zengxin dated 1897.[1] It has been suggested by Chinese researchers that it has developed from menfa (门阀), meaning "powerful and influential family", or menhu (门户), which has been used in the Northwestern China to mean "gateway" or "faction".[1]
Characteristicsedit
In most menhuan Ṣūfī orders, only a descendant of the founder is allowed to succeed as leader. Menhuan leaders typically had authority and control over property and appointments to positions within the order.[2]
Among those that are part of a menhuan, specific rules and rituals play a large role in their religious devotion. As is found in other Muslim communities, menhuan followers have a high regard for the Quran and ḥadīth literature, along with commonly practicing the Five Pillars of Islam. However, other duties expected from menhuan followers include reverence for the founder of the Ṣūfī order, faithfully obeying their menhuan leader, and believing that past and present masters will help guide them to heaven.[2]
Constructing gongbei where the performances of homage to their Ṣūfī order and leaders can take place are important in menhuan groups. Quranic recitations, dhikr chants, and meditations are commonplace among Chinese Ṣūfī Muslims.[2]
^ abcMichael Dillon (1999). China's Muslim Hui community: migration, settlement, and sects. Routledge. pp. 113–114. ISBN0-7007-1026-4. One of Dillon's main sources is: 馬通 ( Ma Tong) (1983). 中国伊斯兰教派与门宦制度史略 (Zhongguo Yisilan jiaopai yu menhuan zhidu shilue) (A sketch of the history of Chinese Islamic sects and the menhuan system). Yinchuan: 宁夏人民出版社 (Ningxia Renmin Chubanshe).
^ abcJingjun, Shui (2005). "Islamic Menhuan". Encyclopedia of Contemporary Chinese Culture. Routledge. p. 288. ISBN978-0-415-77716-2.
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menhuan, simplified, chinese, 门宦, traditional, chinese, 門宦, pinyin, ménhuàn, term, used, uyghur, muslim, populations, china, indicate, chinese, Ṣūfī, ṭarīḳa, order, saintly, lineage, leaders, menhuan, which, usually, Ṣūfī, muslim, murs, masters, walī, saints, . Menhuan simplified Chinese 门宦 traditional Chinese 門宦 pinyin Menhuan is a term used by the Hui and Uyghur Muslim populations of China to indicate a Chinese Ṣufi ṭariḳa order or saintly lineage The leaders of a menhuan which usually are Ṣufi Muslim murs h id masters or wali saints form a chain of spiritual successors over the ages known in Arabic as silsilah which goes back to the order s founder in China e g Ma Laichi or Ma Mingxin and beyond toward his teachers in Arabia 1 Contents 1 Origin of the term 2 Characteristics 3 See also 4 ReferencesOrigin of the term editThe term menhuan itself is of comparatively recent origin according to Ma Tong 1983 it was first attested in an essay by the Hezhou Prefecture Magistrate Yang Zengxin dated 1897 1 It has been suggested by Chinese researchers that it has developed from menfa 门阀 meaning powerful and influential family or menhu 门户 which has been used in the Northwestern China to mean gateway or faction 1 Characteristics editIn most menhuan Ṣufi orders only a descendant of the founder is allowed to succeed as leader Menhuan leaders typically had authority and control over property and appointments to positions within the order 2 Among those that are part of a menhuan specific rules and rituals play a large role in their religious devotion As is found in other Muslim communities menhuan followers have a high regard for the Quran and ḥadith literature along with commonly practicing the Five Pillars of Islam However other duties expected from menhuan followers include reverence for the founder of the Ṣufi order faithfully obeying their menhuan leader and believing that past and present masters will help guide them to heaven 2 Constructing gongbei where the performances of homage to their Ṣufi order and leaders can take place are important in menhuan groups Quranic recitations dhikr chants and meditations are commonplace among Chinese Ṣufi Muslims 2 See also editKhufiyya JahriyyaReferences edit a b c Michael Dillon 1999 China s Muslim Hui community migration settlement and sects Routledge pp 113 114 ISBN 0 7007 1026 4 One of Dillon s main sources is 馬通 Ma Tong 1983 中国伊斯兰教派与门宦制度史略 Zhongguo Yisilan jiaopai yu menhuan zhidu shilue A sketch of the history of Chinese Islamic sects and themenhuansystem Yinchuan 宁夏人民出版社 Ningxia Renmin Chubanshe a b c Jingjun Shui 2005 Islamic Menhuan Encyclopedia of Contemporary Chinese Culture Routledge p 288 ISBN 978 0 415 77716 2 nbsp nbsp This article related to the history of China is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte nbsp This Islam related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Menhuan amp oldid 1189214664, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
