Matiene was the name of a kingdom in northwestern Iran[1][2] on the lands of the earlier kingdom of the Mannae. Ancient historians including Strabo, Ptolemy, Herodotus, Polybius, and Pliny mention names such as Mantiane, Martiane, Matiana, Matiani, Matiene, Martuni to designate a region located to the northwest of Media."[3][4]
Location of Matiene, between Corduene and Atropatene
The name Matiene may be related to Mitanni, the name of a state some 800 years earlier, which was founded by an Indo-Aryan ruling class governing the Hurrian population.[5] The name Matiene was applied also to the neighboring Lake Matianus (Lake Urmia) located immediately to the east of the Matieni people. The Iranian root "Mati-" meaning "to tower, to stand out" (from the same Indo-European root that gives us the word "mountain") might explain the name.
History
Location of Matiene, south of Armenia
The Mannaeans who probably spoke a Hurro-Urartian language, were subdued by the Scytho-Kimmerians during the seventh and eighth centuries BC and assimilated by Matienes. Matiene was ultimately conquered by the Medes in about 609 BCE.
Matiene became a satrapy of the Median Empire until the Persian conquest, when along with tribes of Saspires and Alaradians (remnants of Urartians) it became a part of the XVIII satrapy of the Achaemenid Empire.
Geography and population
Location of Matiene, west of Lake Urmia
The land of Matiene was surrounded to the north by Armenia, to the east by Media, to the south by Susiana, and to the west by Assyria. Its chief city was Matiati around Lake Van.
It is believed that the population of Matiene were speaking a Hurro-Urartian language.[6] Known descendants of the kings(chieftains) of the matian tribes was Armenian princely (naxarar) family of Amatuni[7][8]
Cimmerians were said to have originated from the Matiani by Herodotus, moving west into Anatolia along the south shore of the Black Sea. Herodotus also said that later, in Median times, there was a second site called Matiene, along the eastern shore of the Halys river in northwestern Cappadocia across the river from the Phrygians.[9] He stated they wore the same uniform as the Paphlagonians in the Median and Persian armies, meaning their units were combined with the Paphlagonians. It is not at all clear whether these western Matieni were descendants of the Cimmerians, a group of Paphlagonians just called by this name, actual (eastern) Matieni who migrated west from Matiene on their own, or a Median military colony on the border with Phrygia and later the Lydian empire.
References
^The Cambridge history of Iran, Volume 2 by William Bayne Fisher, Ilya Gershevitch, Ehsan Yar-Shater, Peter Avery, pages 256-257
^Archaeology at the north-east Anatolian frontier, I.: an historical geography and a field survey of the Bayburt Province by A. G. Sagona, Claudia Sagona, pages 41-48
matiene, name, kingdom, northwestern, iran, lands, earlier, kingdom, mannae, ancient, historians, including, strabo, ptolemy, herodotus, polybius, pliny, mention, names, such, mantiane, martiane, matiana, matiani, martuni, designate, region, located, northwest. Matiene was the name of a kingdom in northwestern Iran 1 2 on the lands of the earlier kingdom of the Mannae Ancient historians including Strabo Ptolemy Herodotus Polybius and Pliny mention names such as Mantiane Martiane Matiana Matiani Matiene Martuni to designate a region located to the northwest of Media 3 4 Location of Matiene between Corduene and Atropatene Contents 1 Etymology 2 History 3 Geography and population 4 ReferencesEtymology Edit Location of Matiene The name Matiene may be related to Mitanni the name of a state some 800 years earlier which was founded by an Indo Aryan ruling class governing the Hurrian population 5 The name Matiene was applied also to the neighboring Lake Matianus Lake Urmia located immediately to the east of the Matieni people The Iranian root Mati meaning to tower to stand out from the same Indo European root that gives us the word mountain might explain the name History Edit Location of Matiene south of Armenia The Mannaeans who probably spoke a Hurro Urartian language were subdued by the Scytho Kimmerians during the seventh and eighth centuries BC and assimilated by Matienes Matiene was ultimately conquered by the Medes in about 609 BCE Matiene became a satrapy of the Median Empire until the Persian conquest when along with tribes of Saspires and Alaradians remnants of Urartians it became a part of the XVIII satrapy of the Achaemenid Empire Geography and population Edit Location of Matiene west of Lake Urmia The land of Matiene was surrounded to the north by Armenia to the east by Media to the south by Susiana and to the west by Assyria Its chief city was Matiati around Lake Van It is believed that the population of Matiene were speaking a Hurro Urartian language 6 Known descendants of the kings chieftains of the matian tribes was Armenian princely naxarar family of Amatuni 7 8 Cimmerians were said to have originated from the Matiani by Herodotus moving west into Anatolia along the south shore of the Black Sea Herodotus also said that later in Median times there was a second site called Matiene along the eastern shore of the Halys river in northwestern Cappadocia across the river from the Phrygians 9 He stated they wore the same uniform as the Paphlagonians in the Median and Persian armies meaning their units were combined with the Paphlagonians It is not at all clear whether these western Matieni were descendants of the Cimmerians a group of Paphlagonians just called by this name actual eastern Matieni who migrated west from Matiene on their own or a Median military colony on the border with Phrygia and later the Lydian empire References Edit The Cambridge history of Iran Volume 2 by William Bayne Fisher Ilya Gershevitch Ehsan Yar Shater Peter Avery pages 256 257 Archaeology at the north east Anatolian frontier I an historical geography and a field survey of the Bayburt Province by A G Sagona Claudia Sagona pages 41 48 History of the Medes Archived 2011 05 13 at the Wayback Machine Kroll S Places 884179 Matiane Pleiades Retrieved September 1 2019 Bromiley Geoffrey W 1979 International Standard Bible Encyclopedia E J p 785 ISBN 9780802837820 IRAN vii NON IRANIAN LANGUAGES 1 Overview Encyclopaedia Iranica www iranicaonline org Retrieved 2020 01 22 Armeniya v epohu Yustiniana 25 January 1971 Armeniya v epohu Yustiniana 25 January 1971 The history of Herodotus Volume 1 by Talboys and Wheeler 1824 page 38 Asia portal Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Matiene amp oldid 1145212813, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
