Despite waning interest in sailing cargo ships, particularly after the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869, the shipbuilders of Doxford & Sons felt there might be continuing interest in full rigged steel barque. They felt time factor was of less importance than creating economy through increased deadweight capacity. However, buyers largely preferred steam ships such as Doxford's own new Turret deck ship designs, and the Manchester was their last sailing ship. Unlike fine lined clipper ships at the height of the age of sail, the Manchester was a broad beamed vessel with deep draught, built for capacity rather than speed.[2]
Typical of her voyages was a contract to deliver case oil (kerosene) from New York to Yokohama for Standard Oil, departing 3 September 1899, arriving 7 December 1899.[3]
On 21 August 1900, the Manchester left New York City for Yokohama, loaded with 4,515 tons of kerosene. There were 30 crew members aboard, plus Captain N. Frank Clemens and his wife and two daughters who were passengers.[7] Based on the length of her and other barques' previous voyages, the Manchester might have been expected to reach Yokohama in January or February 1901, but she never arrived.[8][3] Her disappearance was reported to Lloyds, and she was assumed to be lost in a typhoon.[7] In July 1901, a Marshall Islands trading schooner discovered wreckage of the Manchester on Bikar Atoll. Footprints and marks of two boat keels on the sand, together with other signs, suggested that the crew, Clemens, and his family had been on the island and, unable to find sufficient water had pushed off again. It was supposed that they died of thirst before reaching inhabited islands.[7]
An estimation of the remaining sailing time to reach Yokohama might have dated the shipwreck to late December 1900 or early January 1901. Given that ship's boats keel marks and foot prints were still visible in the sand in July, the crew may have been marooned for six months, departing a few days before the arrival of the trading schooner.
A maritime board of inquiry assembled in Liverpool on 16 and 17 October 1901, to investigate the circumstances of the loss of the Manchester. The evidence suggested that the ship was in good seaworthy condition, had adequate crew, and was properly loaded and ballasted. The board was unable to conclude what caused the loss of the vessel.[3] It was evidently unaware of the discovery of the wreckage, reported in the New York Times two days earlier.
Lloyd's Register of British and Foreign Shipping. Vol. 2, Sailing Vessels. London, England, UK: Lloyd's Register - Fairplay. 1899. p. 103. Ship's code and measurements
The Sessional Papers, Printed By Order Of The House Of Lords, Session 1903. Vol. 8. London, England, UK. 1903. pp. 330–332.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
"The "Condor"". The Straits Times. National Library Singapore, Lee Kong Chian Reference Library. 25 March 1902. p. 3.
"News of the Manchester" (PDF). The New York Times. 14 October 1901. p. 3.
"Kings of the River". Sunderland Echo. 24 November 2006. Retrieved 24 May 2010.
. The Northeast Communigate. Archived from the original on 24 September 2010. Retrieved 24 May 2010.
"Mystic Museum Ship Register, 1894". Digital Initiative. Mystic Seaport Museum. Retrieved 24 May 2010.
"Mystic Museum Ship Register, 1895". Digital Initiative. Mystic Seaport Museum. Retrieved 24 May 2010.
"Mystic Museum Ship Register, 1896". Digital Initiative. Mystic Seaport Museum. Retrieved 24 May 2010.
manchester, barque, manchester, four, masted, steel, hulled, british, barque, which, wrecked, late, 1900, reefs, bikar, atoll, marshall, islands, manchesterhistory, united, kingdom, namemanchester, ownergalgate, shipping, operatorjohn, joyce, port, registryliv. Manchester was a four masted steel hulled British barque which was wrecked in late 1900 on the reefs of Bikar Atoll Marshall Islands ManchesterHistory United Kingdom NameManchester OwnerGalgate Shipping Co OperatorJohn Joyce amp Co Port of registryLiverpool RouteLiverpool New York Yokohama Shanghai BuilderWilliam Doxford amp Sons Sunderland Cost 23 000 Yard number211 Launched17 December 1891 CompletedMarch 1892 IdentificationUK official number 99391 code letters MNKL FateLast spoken 12N 29W 23 September 1900 for Yokohama Wreckage discovered on Bikar Atoll Marshall Islands July 1901 NotesLast sailing ship built by Doxford amp Sons General characteristics Tonnage3 046 GRT 2 851 NRT Length312 7 ft 95 3 m Beam46 8 ft 14 3 m Draught23 ft 7 0 m Depth25 6 ft 7 8 m Decks2 Installed powerSails Sail planBarque Crew31 Contents 1 History 2 Captains 3 Final voyage 4 Footnotes 5 References 6 External linksHistory editThe Manchester was built at the shipyards of William Doxford amp Sons in Sunderland England in 1892 She was built with a steel hull and four masts for Galgate Shipping Company of Liverpool 1 Despite waning interest in sailing cargo ships particularly after the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 the shipbuilders of Doxford amp Sons felt there might be continuing interest in full rigged steel barque They felt time factor was of less importance than creating economy through increased deadweight capacity However buyers largely preferred steam ships such as Doxford s own new Turret deck ship designs and the Manchester was their last sailing ship Unlike fine lined clipper ships at the height of the age of sail the Manchester was a broad beamed vessel with deep draught built for capacity rather than speed 2 Typical of her voyages was a contract to deliver case oil kerosene from New York to Yokohama for Standard Oil departing 3 September 1899 arriving 7 December 1899 3 Captains editJohn Joyce amp Co 4 1894 J C Dodd 4 1895 J Belyea 5 1896 D Evans 6 1897 1900 S Forrest 3 1900 1901 N F Clemens 3 Final voyage editOn 21 August 1900 the Manchester left New York City for Yokohama loaded with 4 515 tons of kerosene There were 30 crew members aboard plus Captain N Frank Clemens and his wife and two daughters who were passengers 7 Based on the length of her and other barques previous voyages the Manchester might have been expected to reach Yokohama in January or February 1901 but she never arrived 8 3 Her disappearance was reported to Lloyds and she was assumed to be lost in a typhoon 7 In July 1901 a Marshall Islands trading schooner discovered wreckage of the Manchester on Bikar Atoll Footprints and marks of two boat keels on the sand together with other signs suggested that the crew Clemens and his family had been on the island and unable to find sufficient water had pushed off again It was supposed that they died of thirst before reaching inhabited islands 7 An estimation of the remaining sailing time to reach Yokohama might have dated the shipwreck to late December 1900 or early January 1901 Given that ship s boats keel marks and foot prints were still visible in the sand in July the crew may have been marooned for six months departing a few days before the arrival of the trading schooner A maritime board of inquiry assembled in Liverpool on 16 and 17 October 1901 to investigate the circumstances of the loss of the Manchester The evidence suggested that the ship was in good seaworthy condition had adequate crew and was properly loaded and ballasted The board was unable to conclude what caused the loss of the vessel 3 It was evidently unaware of the discovery of the wreckage reported in the New York Times two days earlier Footnotes edit The Northeast Communigate UK Sunderland Echo UK a b c d e House of Lords The Sessional Papers 1903 a b Mystic Museum Ship Register 1894 Mystic Museum Ship Register 1895 Mystic Museum Ship Register 1896 a b c The New York Times 14 October 1901 The Straits Times 25 March 1902References editLloyd s Register of British and Foreign Shipping Vol 2 Sailing Vessels London England UK Lloyd s Register Fairplay 1899 p 103 Ship s code and measurements The Sessional Papers Printed By Order Of The House Of Lords Session 1903 Vol 8 London England UK 1903 pp 330 332 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link The Condor The Straits Times National Library Singapore Lee Kong Chian Reference Library 25 March 1902 p 3 News of the Manchester PDF The New York Times 14 October 1901 p 3 Kings of the River Sunderland Echo 24 November 2006 Retrieved 24 May 2010 Pallion Shipyard Sunderland Introduction and Early History The Northeast Communigate Archived from the original on 24 September 2010 Retrieved 24 May 2010 Mystic Museum Ship Register 1894 Digital Initiative Mystic Seaport Museum Retrieved 24 May 2010 Mystic Museum Ship Register 1895 Digital Initiative Mystic Seaport Museum Retrieved 24 May 2010 Mystic Museum Ship Register 1896 Digital Initiative Mystic Seaport Museum Retrieved 24 May 2010 External links editManchester overview Retrospective of Sunderland shipyards Ships plans Wreck report in transcription and PDF format usurped Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Manchester barque amp oldid 1152045970, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
