Dolní Lutyně

Dolní Lutyně  (Polish: Lutynia Dolna, German: Deutsch Leuten or Nieder Leuten) is a municipality and village in Karviná District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 5,200 inhabitants.

Dolní Lutyně
Municipality
Church of Saint John the Baptist
Flag Coat of arms
Dolní Lutyně Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates: 49°53′58″N 18°25′15″E / 49.89944°N 18.42083°E / 49.89944; 18.42083Coordinates: 49°53′58″N 18°25′15″E / 49.89944°N 18.42083°E / 49.89944; 18.42083
Country	Czech Republic
Region	Moravian-Silesian
District	Karviná
First mentioned	1305
Government
• Mayor	Pavel Buzek
Area
• Total	24.88 km^2 (9.61 sq mi)
Elevation	202 m (663 ft)
Population  (2022-01-01)^[1]
• Total	5,244
• Density	210/km^2 (550/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code	735 53
Website	www.dolnilutyne.org

Administrative parts

 

Municipal office

The village of Věřňovice is an administrative part of Dolní Lutyně.

Geography

Dolní Lutyně lies on the border with Poland in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia. The border is partly formed by the Olza River. The municipality is situated in the Ostrava Basin. There are several ponds and an artificial lake created by flooding a sand quarry.

In the area around the Olza there are riparian forests with two natural monuments, Věřňovice^[2] and Niva Olše – Věřňovice.^[3]

History

The village could have been founded by Benedictine monks from an Orlová monastery and also it could a part of a larger settlement campaign taking place in the late 13th century on the territory of what will be later known as Upper Silesia. The first written mention of Lutyně is in a Latin document of Diocese of Wrocław called Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis from 1305 as Luthina.^[4][5]

Politically the village belonged initially to the Duchy of Teschen, a fee of Kingdom of Bohemia, which after 1526 became part of the Habsburg monarchy.

The large village was later in the 14th century subdivided into two sister settlements. Dolní Lutyně was then known for centuries as "German" (Theutonicum), and the other as "Polish" (Polonicum), now known as Lutyně within Orlová. In 1450 they were together mentioned as Lutynie utrumque Theutonicum et Polonicum.^[6]

German Lutyně became a seat of a Catholic parish, mentioned in the register of Peter's Pence payment from 1447 among 50 parishes of Teschen deaconry as Lutina.^[7]

From 1700, Lutyně was a property of Taaffe counts who built there a baroque castle as their summer residence. In 1792, Lutyně was acquired by the Moennich family. They used the coal presence for the economic development of the region.^[5]

After World War I, Polish–Czechoslovak War and the division of Cieszyn Silesia in 1920, the village became a part of Czechoslovakia. Following the Munich Agreement, in October 1938 together with the Zaolzie region it was annexed by Poland, administratively organised in Frysztat County of Silesian Voivodeship.^[8] The village was then annexed by Nazi Germany at the beginning of World War II. After the war it was restored to Czechoslovakia.

Demographics

As of census 2021, the Polish minority made up 3.7% of the population.^[9]

Historical population

Year Pop. ±% 1869 2,334 —     1880 2,748 +17.7% 1890 3,127 +13.8% 1900 3,914 +25.2% 1910 4,724 +20.7%	Year Pop. ±% 1921 4,884 +3.4% 1930 5,447 +11.5% 1950 4,588 −15.8% 1961 4,893 +6.6% 1970 4,880 −0.3%	Year Pop. ±% 1980 4,726 −3.2% 1991 4,469 −5.4% 2001 4,771 +6.8% 2011 4,966 +4.1% 2021 5,050 +1.7%
Source: Censuses^[10]^[11]

Sights

 

The barn

The Catholic Church of Saint John the Baptist was built in the Baroque style in 1740–1746 and replaced an old wooden church. The appearance of the original church with a statue of St. John of Nepomuk, which is older than the new church, has been preserved. In the bell tower is a rare Renaissance bell from the late 15th or early 16th century.^[12]

A historical monument is a preserved barn from 1805.^[5]

The former Baroque castle is only partially preserved and is in a desolate state.^[5]

Notable people

• Rudolf Paszek (1894–1969), Polish teacher and politician

Twin towns – sister cities

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in the Czech Republic

Dolní Lutyně is twinned with:^[13]

•   Godów, Poland
•   Gorzyce, Poland

References

1. "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2022". Czech Statistical Office. 2022-04-29.
2. "Desítky druhů ptáků, savců a teplomilná květena. I to je Přírodní památka Věřňovice" (in Czech). Czech Radio. 2019-07-02. Retrieved 2022-02-24.
3. "Niva Olše-Věřňovice" (in Czech). Moravian-Silesian Region. Retrieved 2022-02-24.
4. Panic, Idzi (2015). Śląsk Cieszyński w średniowieczu (do 1528) [Cieszyn Silesia in Middle Ages (until 1528)] (PDF) (in Polish). Cieszyn: Starostwo Powiatowe w Cieszynie. pp. 297–299, 430. ISBN 978-83-935147-8-6.
5. "Historie" (in Czech). Obec Dolní Lutyně. Retrieved 2022-02-24.
6. Mrózek, Robert (1984). Nazwy miejscowe dawnego Śląska Cieszyńskiego [Local names of former Cieszyn Silesia] (in Polish). Katowice: University of Silesia in Katowice. pp. 108–109. ISSN 0208-6336.
7. "Registrum denarii sancti Petri in archidiaconatu Opoliensi sub anno domini MCCCCXLVII per dominum Nicolaum Wolff decretorum doctorem, archidiaconum Opoliensem, ex commissione reverendi in Christo patris ac domini Conradi episcopi Wratislaviensis, sedis apostolice collectoris, collecti". Zeitschrift des Vereins für Geschichte und Alterthum Schlesiens (in German). Breslau: H. Markgraf. 27: 361–372. 1893. Retrieved 21 July 2014.
8. "Ustawa z dnia 27 października 1938 r. o podziale administracyjnym i tymczasowej organizacji administracji na obszarze Ziem Odzyskanych Śląska Cieszyńskiego". Dziennik Ustaw Śląskich (in Polish). Katowice. nr 18/1938, poz. 35. 31 October 1938. Retrieved 1 July 2014.
9. "Population Census 2021: Population by selected ethnicity". Public database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
10. "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011 – Okres Karviná" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21. pp. 1–2.
11. "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
12. "O kostele" (in Czech). Farnost Dolní Lutyně. Retrieved 2022-02-24.
13. "Přeshraniční spolupráce obcí Dolní Lutyně, Gorzyce a Godów" (PDF). Dolnolutyňské noviny (in Czech). Obec Dolní Lutyně. November 2018. p. 3. Retrieved 2022-02-24.

External links

 

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dolní Lutyně.

• Official website (in Czech)