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Loyalty Islands Province

May 05, 2023

The Loyalty Islands Province (French Province des îles Loyauté) is one of three administrative subdivisions of New Caledonia encompassing the Loyalty Island (French: Îles Loyauté) archipelago in the Pacific, which are located northeast of the New Caledonian mainland of Grande Terre.

Loyalty Islands Province
Province des îles Loyauté
Flag
  Location of Loyalty Islands Province in New Caledonia
Coordinates: 21°04′S 167°21′E / 21.067°S 167.350°E / -21.067; 167.350Coordinates: 21°04′S 167°21′E / 21.067°S 167.350°E / -21.067; 167.350
CountryFrance
CollectivityNew Caledonia
SeatWé (Lifou)
Government
 • PresidentJacques Lalié
Area
 • Total1,980.9 km2 (764.8 sq mi)
Population
 (2019)
 • Total18,353
 • Density9.3/km2 (24/sq mi)
Ethnic Groups (2019)
 • Kanak94.63%
 • Multiracial2%
 • European1.74%
 • Ni-Vanuatu0.09%
 • Wallisians and Futunans0.08%
 • Indonesians0.05%
 • Other Asian0.02%
 • Tahitians0.01%
 • Vietnamese0.01%
 • Other1.38%
LanguagesDrehu, Iaai, Nengone
Websiteprovince-iles.nc

The provincial government seat is at Lifou. The Loyalty Islands are a collectivité territoriale of France. The province's 2019 population was approximately 18,353 inhabitants living on almost 2,000 km2 (770 sq mi). The native inhabitants are the Kanak and the Tavu'avua' peoples.

History

The first Western contact on record is attributed to British Captain William Raven of the whaler Britannia, who was on his way in 1793 from Norfolk Island to Batavia (now called Jakarta). It is very likely, however, that the discovery and name originated with officials on the London ship Loyalty, which was on a Pacific Ocean trading voyage from 1789 to 1790.[citation needed]

The French Government demanded the removal of missionaries from the London Missionary Society led by Rev. Samuel Macfarlane[1][2] from the Loyalty Islands and New Caledonia in 1869. This led to the missionaries travelling to the Torres Strait Islands on the vessel Surprise, in an event still celebrated as "The Coming of the Light", on 1 July 1871.[3][4][5][6]

Geography

The archipelago consists of six inhabited islands: Lifou Island, Maré Island, Tiga Island, Ouvéa Island, Mouli Island, and Faiava Island, as well as several smaller uninhabited islands and islets. Their combined land area is 1,981 km2 (765 sq mi). The highest elevation is at 138 m (453 ft) above sea level on Maré Island. The islands are part of the New Caledonia rain forests ecoregion. The chief export of the Loyalty Islands is copra. There is mining on the main island, Grand Terre.

An earthquake of moment magnitude 7.7 was reported just after midnight on 11 February 2021 in an area south-east of the islands, with several aftershocks.[7] Over 50 quakes of magnitude greater than 4.5 were recorded in less than 24 hours.

Demographics

The people of the Loyalty Islands are of mixed Melanesian and Polynesian ancestry, with a small European minority. The population numbered 17,436 in the 2009 census, a 7.9% reduction from the 22,080 in the preceding 2004 census. In 2014 the population grew to 18,297, an increase of 4.9%, and in 2019 the population grew a further 0.1% to 18,353.[8][9]

Several thousand more Loyalty Islanders live on New Caledonia, especially in Nouméa, the capital, and in the mining areas of the main island.

Communes

The Loyalty Islands Province is divided into three communes (municipalities):

Provincial congress

Main article: Politics of New Caledonia

As of 2018, there are 14 seats in the province's congress held by six parties: the nationalist Caledonian Union holds four, the anti-independence Rally for Caledonia in the Republic holds two, and the National Union for Independence-Kanak and Socialist National Liberation Front, Socialist Kanak Liberation, Renewed Caledonian Union and Union of Pro-Independence Co-operation Committees each have two.

Presidents of Loyalty Province

See also

References

  1. ^ Gibbney, H. J. (1974). "Samuel Macfarlane". Australian Dictionary of Biography . Retrieved 3 August 2021. This article was first published in hardcopy in Australian Dictionary of Biography, Volume 5, (MUP), 1974
  2. ^ Hammond, Philip (30 June 2011). "Performers mark Coming of the Light". The Courier Mail. Retrieved 3 August 2021.
  3. ^ "All Saints Anglican Church (entry 600873)". Queensland Heritage Register. Queensland Heritage Council. Dated 20 January 2016. Retrieved 31 July 2021.
  4. ^ Willis, Carli (26 July 2021). "Zulai Wan marks an encounter 150 years ago that changed Torres Strait Islanders' lives forever". ABC News. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 31 July 2021.
  5. ^ "Missionary Ships". Shipping Wonders of the World (Part 51). 26 January 1937. Retrieved 3 August 2021.
  6. ^ "The Coming of the Light". Anglican Board of Mission. Retrieved 3 August 2021.
  7. ^ "M 7.7 - southeast of the Loyalty Islands". www.usgs.gov. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 11 February 2021.
  8. ^ "Population Structure and Trends". Institute de la Statistique et des études économiques Nouvelle-Calédonie (in French). Institute de la Statistique et des études économiques Nouvelle-Calédonie. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
  9. ^ . Archived from the original on 2012-09-29. Retrieved 2015-07-24.

Bibliography

  • Dunbabin, Thomas: William Raven, RN, and his 'Britannia', 1792–95; in: The Mariner's mirror, Vol. 46, No. 4 (Nov.); London [u.a.] 1960 (S. 297–303)
  • Dunmore, John: Who's who in Pacific navigation; Carlton, Vic. 1992
  • Henze, Dietmar: Enzyklopädie der Entdecker und Erforscher der Erde, Bd. 4; Graz 2000
  • Jones, A. G. E.: Ships employed in the South Seas trade Vol. 1: 1775 - 1861; Canberra 1986 & Vol. 2: 1775 - 1859; Burwood, Vic. [1992]
  • Parsons, Vivienne (1967). "Raven, William (1756–1814)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISSN 1833-7538.
  • Riesenberg, Saul H.: Six Pacific island discoveries; in: The American Neptune, Vol. 34; Salem, Mass. 1974 (S. 249–57)
  • Sharp, Andrew: The discovery of the Pacific Islands; Oxford 1960

May 05, 2023
loyalty, islands, province, french, province, îles, loyauté, three, administrative, subdivisions, caledonia, encompassing, loyalty, island, french, Îles, loyauté, archipelago, pacific, which, located, northeast, caledonian, mainland, grande, terre, province, î. The Loyalty Islands Province French Province des iles Loyaute is one of three administrative subdivisions of New Caledonia encompassing the Loyalty Island French Iles Loyaute archipelago in the Pacific which are located northeast of the New Caledonian mainland of Grande Terre Loyalty Islands Province Province des iles LoyauteFlag Location of Loyalty Islands Province in New CaledoniaCoordinates 21 04 S 167 21 E 21 067 S 167 350 E 21 067 167 350 Coordinates 21 04 S 167 21 E 21 067 S 167 350 E 21 067 167 350CountryFranceCollectivityNew CaledoniaSeatWe Lifou Government PresidentJacques LalieArea Total1 980 9 km2 764 8 sq mi Population 2019 Total18 353 Density9 3 km2 24 sq mi Ethnic Groups 2019 Kanak94 63 Multiracial2 European1 74 Ni Vanuatu0 09 Wallisians and Futunans0 08 Indonesians0 05 Other Asian0 02 Tahitians0 01 Vietnamese0 01 Other1 38 LanguagesDrehu Iaai NengoneWebsiteprovince iles wbr ncThe provincial government seat is at Lifou The Loyalty Islands are a collectivite territoriale of France The province s 2019 population was approximately 18 353 inhabitants living on almost 2 000 km2 770 sq mi The native inhabitants are the Kanak and the Tavu avua peoples Contents 1 History 2 Geography 3 Demographics 4 Communes 5 Provincial congress 6 Presidents of Loyalty Province 7 See also 8 References 9 BibliographyHistory EditThe first Western contact on record is attributed to British Captain William Raven of the whaler Britannia who was on his way in 1793 from Norfolk Island to Batavia now called Jakarta It is very likely however that the discovery and name originated with officials on the London ship Loyalty which was on a Pacific Ocean trading voyage from 1789 to 1790 citation needed The French Government demanded the removal of missionaries from the London Missionary Society led by Rev Samuel Macfarlane 1 2 from the Loyalty Islands and New Caledonia in 1869 This led to the missionaries travelling to the Torres Strait Islands on the vessel Surprise in an event still celebrated as The Coming of the Light on 1 July 1871 3 4 5 6 Geography EditThe archipelago consists of six inhabited islands Lifou Island Mare Island Tiga Island Ouvea Island Mouli Island and Faiava Island as well as several smaller uninhabited islands and islets Their combined land area is 1 981 km2 765 sq mi The highest elevation is at 138 m 453 ft above sea level on Mare Island The islands are part of the New Caledonia rain forests ecoregion The chief export of the Loyalty Islands is copra There is mining on the main island Grand Terre An earthquake of moment magnitude 7 7 was reported just after midnight on 11 February 2021 in an area south east of the islands with several aftershocks 7 Over 50 quakes of magnitude greater than 4 5 were recorded in less than 24 hours Demographics EditThe people of the Loyalty Islands are of mixed Melanesian and Polynesian ancestry with a small European minority The population numbered 17 436 in the 2009 census a 7 9 reduction from the 22 080 in the preceding 2004 census In 2014 the population grew to 18 297 an increase of 4 9 and in 2019 the population grew a further 0 1 to 18 353 8 9 Several thousand more Loyalty Islanders live on New Caledonia especially in Noumea the capital and in the mining areas of the main island Communes EditThe Loyalty Islands Province is divided into three communes municipalities Lifou comprises Lifou Island Tiga Island and several islets Mare comprises Mare Island and Dudun Island Ouvea comprises Ouvea Island Mouli Island Faiava Island and several additional islands and islets nearby Walpole Island is geographically part of the Loyalty Islands but administratively part of the commune of Ile des Pins South Province New Caledonia Provincial congress EditMain article Politics of New Caledonia As of 2018 there are 14 seats in the province s congress held by six parties the nationalist Caledonian Union holds four the anti independence Rally for Caledonia in the Republic holds two and the National Union for Independence Kanak and Socialist National Liberation Front Socialist Kanak Liberation Renewed Caledonian Union and Union of Pro Independence Co operation Committees each have two Presidents of Loyalty Province Edit1st Richard Kaloi 1989 1995 2nd Nidoish Naisseline 14 July 1995 9 May 1999 3rd Robert Xowie 14 May 1999 9 May 2004 4th Neko Hnepeune 14 May 2004 17 May 2019 5th Jacques Lalie 17 May 2019 presentSee also Edit France portal Oceania portal Islands portald Entrecasteaux RidgeReferences Edit Gibbney H J 1974 Samuel Macfarlane Australian Dictionary of Biography Retrieved 3 August 2021 This article was first published in hardcopy in Australian Dictionary of Biography Volume 5 MUP 1974 Hammond Philip 30 June 2011 Performers mark Coming of the Light The Courier Mail Retrieved 3 August 2021 All Saints Anglican Church entry 600873 Queensland Heritage Register Queensland Heritage Council Dated 20 January 2016 Retrieved 31 July 2021 Willis Carli 26 July 2021 Zulai Wan marks an encounter 150 years ago that changed Torres Strait Islanders lives forever ABC News Australian Broadcasting Corporation Retrieved 31 July 2021 Missionary Ships Shipping Wonders of the World Part 51 26 January 1937 Retrieved 3 August 2021 The Coming of the Light Anglican Board of Mission Retrieved 3 August 2021 M 7 7 southeast of the Loyalty Islands www usgs gov United States Geological Survey Retrieved 11 February 2021 Population Structure and Trends Institute de la Statistique et des etudes economiques Nouvelle Caledonie in French Institute de la Statistique et des etudes economiques Nouvelle Caledonie Retrieved 3 July 2017 ISEE Population 2009 Archived from the original on 2012 09 29 Retrieved 2015 07 24 Bibliography EditDunbabin Thomas William Raven RN and his Britannia 1792 95 in The Mariner s mirror Vol 46 No 4 Nov London u a 1960 S 297 303 Dunmore John Who s who in Pacific navigation Carlton Vic 1992 Henze Dietmar Enzyklopadie der Entdecker und Erforscher der Erde Bd 4 Graz 2000 Jones A G E Ships employed in the South Seas trade Vol 1 1775 1861 Canberra 1986 amp Vol 2 1775 1859 Burwood Vic 1992 Parsons Vivienne 1967 Raven William 1756 1814 Australian Dictionary of Biography National Centre of Biography Australian National University ISSN 1833 7538 Riesenberg Saul H Six Pacific island discoveries in The American Neptune Vol 34 Salem Mass 1974 S 249 57 Sharp Andrew The discovery of the Pacific Islands Oxford 1960 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Loyalty Islands Province amp oldid 1134013809, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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