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Lower Kolašin

Lower Kolašin (Montenegrin and Serbian Cyrillic: Доњи Колашин/Donji Kolašin) is a historical region[1] in the present-day municipality of Bijelo Polje in northern Montenegro, towards Serbia. It is situated in the picturesque Vraneš valley formed around the river Ljuboviđa. The most important local populated centers are Tomaševo and Pavino Polje.

Geography

Lower Kolašin is a region situated in the northern part of Montenegro, at the border with Serbia. It is located between the rivers of Tara, Ljuboviđa, left tributary of Lim river and source of the Ćeotina.[2] It is located at the left side of the Lim river, and its central part is made up of the valley of the Vraneš river.[3] To the south lies the region of Upper Kolašin, around Mojkovac.[2] On the other side of the Lim is the region of Bihor.[3]

History

Middle Ages

The Ljuboviđa župa (county) was mentioned in medieval documents beginning in 1281. It was named after a river that passed through the Vraneš valley. The county included an area from the Tara in the west, beyond the Lim to the east, from Brodarevo in the north to south of Mojkovac.[citation needed]

19th century

According to the Treaty of San Stefano (3 March 1878), the region was to be ceded to the Principality of Montenegro, however, it was never implemented. With the Congress of Berlin (13 July 1878), the Austro-Hungarians obtained the right to station garrisons in the Sanjak of Novi Pazar. In 1880, the Sanjak of Sjenica (the new Sanjak of Novi Pazar) was established, which included the kaza (districts) of Sjenica (its seat), Nova Varoš, Bijelo Polje and Lower Kolašin (part of modern Bijelo Polje and Mojkovac municipalities).[4]

In 1886, Lower Kolašin was ceded to Montenegro. That same year, all Muslim families emigrated to Turkey. The abandoned land was settled by rebels from this area and neighbouring ones, by Prince Nikola I Petrović-Njegoš.[5]

20th century

In 1912, during the First Balkan War, Montenegro occupied Lower Kolašin on 12 October 1912. Shortly thereafter, the three local municipalities were formed in Lower Kolašin with centers in Tomaševo, Pavino Polje, and Stozer.

After the local Montenegrin administrator, Boško Bošković was murdered near Obod by his countrymen, the Montenegrin nationalists used that as an excuse to blame a local Muslim, Jusuf Mehonić, for the murder, which would open a way for the complete expulsion of Muslims from Lower Kolašin. On 9–10 November 1924, armed hordes of Montenegrin peasants massacred up to 600–700 Muslims in Lower Kolašin, committing the most atrocious crimes. Following this event, all surviving Muslims left Lower Kolašin, relocating to other parts of Sandžak, Bosnia and Herzegovina or Turkey. One family converted to Orthodox Christianity, saving itself from physical extermination.[citation needed]

Demographics

The present-day population of Lower Kolašin is 4,300, all Serbs and Montenegrins.

Prior to the massacre in 1924, according to the census in 1912, Lower Kolašin had 14,838 inhabitants, with the following ethnic distribution:

  • Mojkovac municipality: Muslims 1,581, Serbs 1,293
  • Ravna Rijeka municipality: Muslims 2,003, Serbs 679
  • Stozer municipality: Muslims 1,160, Serbs 1,971
  • Pavino Polje municipality: Muslims 3,230, Serbs 641;
  • Tomaševo municipality: Muslims 2,132, Serbs 119

In percentages, the overall breakdown is:

  • Muslims: 10,106 or 68.1%
  • Serbs: 4,703 or 31.7%
  • Others: 29 or 0.2%

Anthropology

Muslim families that left after the 1924 massacre were the Hadžović, Kaljić and Kolić, among others.

See also

References

  1. ^ Гласник Етнографског института. Vol. 22–24. Научно дело. 1973. p. 51.
  2. ^ a b Jovan Đ Marković (1967). Geografske oblasti Socijalističke Federativne Republike Jugoslavije. Zavod za izdavanje udžbenika Socijalističke Republike Srbije. Крај око Мојковца познат је као Горњи Колашин. Северно од њега (између Таре, Љубовиђе, леве притоке Лима и изворишта Ћеотине) налази се Доњи Колашин.
  3. ^ a b Srpska književna zadruga (1913). Izdanja. p. 286. У средњем веку у овом крају била је Бихорска Жупа. На супротној страни од Бихора, на левој страни Лима, настаје област Доњи Колашин, чији централни део чини долина реке Вранеша. Област шумовита, богата пашама, ...
  4. ^ Milić F. Petrović (1995). Dokumenti o Raškoj oblasti: 1900-1912. Arhiv Srbije. p. 8. Да би сузбила аустроугарски утицај у западним крајевима Рашке области, Турска је извршила нову управну поделу. Новопазарски санџак је 1879. год. издвојен из Босанског вилајста и прикључен Косовеком вилајету, који је основан још 1877. год. са седиштем у Приштини а касније у Скопљу. Потом је 1880. године основан пљеваљ- ски санџак — мутесарифлук тј. округ саседиштем у Пљевљима, који је обухватио казе Пљевља, Пријеноље и мундирлук - испоставу у Прибоју. Тосу места у којимасу се налазили аустро-угарски гарнизони. Исте године формиран је Новопазарски, одно- сно Сјенички санџак са седиштем у Сјеници, а који је обухватио казе: сјеничку, нововарошку, бјелопољску и доњоколашинску (територија данашњих општина Би- јело Поље и ...
  5. ^ Žarko Bulajić (1959). Agrarni odnosi u Crnoj Gori, 1878-1912. Grafički Zavod. Поља Колашинска, или Доњи Колашин, ослобођена су тек 1886 године.19): Исте године су и све муслиманске породице еми- грирале у Турску. Њихову напуштену земљу је књаз даровао устаницима из ових и других сусједних крајева, који су све до ове године били склоњени заједно са стоком у планину Сиња- јевину.20) Међу овим устаницима био јје и велики број становника Колашинских Поља, ...

lower, kolašin, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, november, 2. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Lower Kolasin news newspapers books scholar JSTOR November 2013 Learn how and when to remove this template message This article possibly contains original research Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations Statements consisting only of original research should be removed November 2013 Learn how and when to remove this template message Lower Kolasin Montenegrin and Serbian Cyrillic Doњi Kolashin Donji Kolasin is a historical region 1 in the present day municipality of Bijelo Polje in northern Montenegro towards Serbia It is situated in the picturesque Vranes valley formed around the river Ljuboviđa The most important local populated centers are Tomasevo and Pavino Polje Contents 1 Geography 2 History 2 1 Middle Ages 2 2 19th century 2 3 20th century 3 Demographics 4 Anthropology 5 See also 6 ReferencesGeography EditLower Kolasin is a region situated in the northern part of Montenegro at the border with Serbia It is located between the rivers of Tara Ljuboviđa left tributary of Lim river and source of the Ceotina 2 It is located at the left side of the Lim river and its central part is made up of the valley of the Vranes river 3 To the south lies the region of Upper Kolasin around Mojkovac 2 On the other side of the Lim is the region of Bihor 3 History EditMiddle Ages Edit The Ljuboviđa zupa county was mentioned in medieval documents beginning in 1281 It was named after a river that passed through the Vranes valley The county included an area from the Tara in the west beyond the Lim to the east from Brodarevo in the north to south of Mojkovac citation needed 19th century Edit According to the Treaty of San Stefano 3 March 1878 the region was to be ceded to the Principality of Montenegro however it was never implemented With the Congress of Berlin 13 July 1878 the Austro Hungarians obtained the right to station garrisons in the Sanjak of Novi Pazar In 1880 the Sanjak of Sjenica the new Sanjak of Novi Pazar was established which included the kaza districts of Sjenica its seat Nova Varos Bijelo Polje and Lower Kolasin part of modern Bijelo Polje and Mojkovac municipalities 4 In 1886 Lower Kolasin was ceded to Montenegro That same year all Muslim families emigrated to Turkey The abandoned land was settled by rebels from this area and neighbouring ones by Prince Nikola I Petrovic Njegos 5 20th century Edit In 1912 during the First Balkan War Montenegro occupied Lower Kolasin on 12 October 1912 Shortly thereafter the three local municipalities were formed in Lower Kolasin with centers in Tomasevo Pavino Polje and Stozer After the local Montenegrin administrator Bosko Boskovic was murdered near Obod by his countrymen the Montenegrin nationalists used that as an excuse to blame a local Muslim Jusuf Mehonic for the murder which would open a way for the complete expulsion of Muslims from Lower Kolasin On 9 10 November 1924 armed hordes of Montenegrin peasants massacred up to 600 700 Muslims in Lower Kolasin committing the most atrocious crimes Following this event all surviving Muslims left Lower Kolasin relocating to other parts of Sandzak Bosnia and Herzegovina or Turkey One family converted to Orthodox Christianity saving itself from physical extermination citation needed Demographics EditThe present day population of Lower Kolasin is 4 300 all Serbs and Montenegrins Prior to the massacre in 1924 according to the census in 1912 Lower Kolasin had 14 838 inhabitants with the following ethnic distribution Mojkovac municipality Muslims 1 581 Serbs 1 293 Ravna Rijeka municipality Muslims 2 003 Serbs 679 Stozer municipality Muslims 1 160 Serbs 1 971 Pavino Polje municipality Muslims 3 230 Serbs 641 Tomasevo municipality Muslims 2 132 Serbs 119In percentages the overall breakdown is Muslims 10 106 or 68 1 Serbs 4 703 or 31 7 Others 29 or 0 2 Anthropology EditMuslim families that left after the 1924 massacre were the Hadzovic Kaljic and Kolic among others See also EditUpper Kolasin Ibarski Kolasin North Kosovo References Edit Glasnik Etnografskog instituta Vol 22 24 Nauchno delo 1973 p 51 a b Jovan Đ Markovic 1967 Geografske oblasti Socijalisticke Federativne Republike Jugoslavije Zavod za izdavanje udzbenika Socijalisticke Republike Srbije Kraј oko Moјkovca poznat јe kao Gorњi Kolashin Severno od њega izmeђu Tare Љuboviђe leve pritoke Lima i izvorishta Ћeotine nalazi se Doњi Kolashin a b Srpska knjizevna zadruga 1913 Izdanja p 286 U sredњem veku u ovom kraјu bila јe Bihorska Zhupa Na suprotnoј strani od Bihora na levoј strani Lima nastaјe oblast Doњi Kolashin chiјi centralni deo chini dolina reke Vranesha Oblast shumovita bogata pashama Milic F Petrovic 1995 Dokumenti o Raskoj oblasti 1900 1912 Arhiv Srbije p 8 Da bi suzbila austrougarski uticaј u zapadnim kraјevima Rashke oblasti Turska јe izvrshila novu upravnu podelu Novopazarski sanџak јe 1879 god izdvoјen iz Bosanskog vilaјsta i prikљuchen Kosovekom vilaјetu koјi јe osnovan јosh 1877 god sa sedishtem u Prishtini a kasniјe u Skopљu Potom јe 1880 godine osnovan pљevaљ ski sanџak mutesarifluk tј okrug sasedishtem u Pљevљima koјi јe obuhvatio kaze Pљevљa Priјenoљe i mundirluk ispostavu u Priboјu Tosu mesta u koјimasu se nalazili austro ugarski garnizoni Iste godine formiran јe Novopazarski odno sno Sјenichki sanџak sa sedishtem u Sјenici a koјi јe obuhvatio kaze sјenichku novovaroshku bјelopoљsku i doњokolashinsku teritoriјa danashњih opshtina Bi јelo Poљe i Zarko Bulajic 1959 Agrarni odnosi u Crnoj Gori 1878 1912 Graficki Zavod Poљa Kolashinska ili Doњi Kolashin osloboђena su tek 1886 godine 19 Iste godine su i sve muslimanske porodice emi grirale u Tursku Њihovu napushtenu zemљu јe kњaz darovao ustanicima iz ovih i drugih susјednih kraјeva koјi su sve do ove godine bili skloњeni zaјedno sa stokom u planinu Siњa јevinu 20 Meђu ovim ustanicima bio јјe i veliki broј stanovnika Kolashinskih Poљa Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Lower Kolasin amp oldid 1110381941, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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