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Low-fiber/low-residue diet

January 01, 1970

A low-residue diet is a diet intended to reduce certain constituents of the bowel, often with consequence for functional behaviour of the bowel. It may be prescribed for patients with ailments or functional gastrointestinal disorders mitigated by fewer and smaller bowel movements each day.

The diet may be used as part of the bowel preparation before a diagnostic procedure such as colonoscopy or as a short-term therapy for acute stages of gastrointestinal illnesses such as Crohn's disease, diverticulitis, bowel obstruction, and ulcerative colitis. In addition, a low-residue diet is often prescribed before and/or after abdominal surgery or cancer treatments.

A low-fiber diet is a low-residue diet eliminating dietary fiber in particular. The terms are not always distinguished, but when they are, a low-residue diet will include additional restrictions on foods such as dairy products, which do not contain fiber but do develop residue after digestion.

If the problem lies with fermentable carbohydrates instead, the patient may be directed to a low-FODMAP diet. Some monotrophic diets, such as the carnivore diet, are implicitly low-residue, but may also sacrifice nutrition.

Dietary guidelines edit

Standard guidelines edit

Almost all low-residue diets make the following recommendations:[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]

Food type Eat/Drink Avoid
Grains Breads and other baked goods made from refined white flour Whole grain breads and baked goods
Cold cereals made from refined flours, such as cornflakes and rice krispies Whole grain cereals such as bran flakes
White rice, noodles, refined pasta Brown rice, whole wheat pasta, and other whole grain foods
Fruits Fruit juices without pulp, except prune juice Juices with pulp or seed, prune juice
Soft fruits such as bananas and melons Dried fruits, berries
Canned or well-cooked fruit Coconuts, popcorn
Vegetables Vegetable juices without pulp Juices with pulp or seed
Potatoes without skin Potato skins
Canned or well-cooked vegetables
Meat, Other Protein Well-cooked tender meat, fish, poultry, eggs Tough meat, meat with gristle
Beans, peas, legumes, nuts
Dairy Milk All dairy if lactose intolerant
Soft, mild cheeses Strong cheeses
Plain yoghurt Yoghurt or cheese containing nuts, berries, raw fruit
Oils Vegetable oils, margarine, butter Fried foods

Variations edit

Quantity of Fiber edit

A low-fiber diet is not a no-fiber diet. A 2015 review article recommends less than 10 grams of fiber per day.[12] Other sources recommend that a patient on a low-fiber diet eat no more than 10–15 grams of fiber per day.[5] Some sources recommend serving sizes that contain no more than 2 grams per serving.[5][6]

Grains edit

Some diets recommend limiting servings of baked goods to 2 grams per serving.[5][8] Other diets recommend limiting these servings to just 1 gram per serving.[7][9] Most diets also recommend eating warm cereals such as cream of wheat, cream of rice, grits, and farina.[3][6][8][10]

Fruits edit

Some diets allow additional raw fruits such as very soft apricot, canned fruit cocktail, grapes, peaches, papayas, plums, or citrus fruits without membrane,[1][2][3][4][5][10] but two rule out all raw fruits.[6][9] Some allow applesauce, other fruit sauces, or peeled and well-cooked apples.[1][3][5][8]

Vegetables edit

Many diets specifically recommend tomato sauce[1][2][3][8] and prohibit pickles.[1][2][3][4][5][8][11] Two diets actually limit the well-cooked vegetables to yellow squash without seeds, green beans, wax beans, spinach, pumpkin, eggplant, asparagus, beets, and carrots.[2][5] Two diets allow some raw vegetables: lettuce, cucumber (without seeds), and zucchini.[5]

Meat and other proteins edit

Some diets allow smooth peanut butter[5][10] or smooth nut butters.[8][6] Some diets allow tofu.[5][6][7][10]

Dairy edit

Some diets limit dairy to 2 cups per day.[2][10] One diet allows 1.5 ounces (40 g) of hard cheese.[5] Several diets allow pudding or custard,[5][7][9][11] sherbet,[3][8][6][10][11] whipped cream,[5][10] or ice cream.[3][4][8][7][9][11] A couple of diets suggest specific lactose-free products for the lactose intolerant, such as soy milk or whipped cream.[5][6] One diet prohibits whole milk, half and half, cream, sour cream, and regular ice cream.[8]

Condiments and spreads edit

Some diets allow mayonnaise,[3][5][8][6][9][10][11] ketchup,[3][8] sour cream,[3][7][11] cream cheese,[6] smooth sauces and salad dressings,[3][5][7][9][10][11] plain gravies,[10][11] or whipped cream.[5][10] Several diets allow jelly, honey, and syrup.[3][9][11] Many prohibit jam, marmalade, and preserves.[2][3][4][8][9][11]

Several diets prohibit highly spiced food,[1][3][4][5] but some allow spices, cooked herbs, and seasonings.[8][9][11]

Beverages edit

Several diets specifically prohibit caffeine[1][3][8] (two of these allow decaffeinated coffee, tea, and other drinks),[3][8] but some allow coffee, tea, and carbonated drinks.[10][11]

Nutritional quality edit

If the diet must be strict and followed over a long period of time, the intake of fruits and vegetables may not provide adequate amounts of vitamin C and folic acid. The quantity of calcium may also be inadequate if dairy products are restricted. In these cases, a multivitamin supplement or liquid nutritional supplement may be needed.[1][2]

Conditions that may require a low-residue diet edit

A low-fiber diet may be used to prepare for or recover from various medical procedures:[1][2][4][5]

A low-fiber diet may also be used during acute stages of the following conditions, to rest the bowels:[1][2][4][5]

Uses edit

Colonoscopy edit

The most common preparation for a colonoscopy is a clear liquid diet accompanied by laxatives. However, this may not be the most effective preparation. A 2015 guideline issued by The Standards of Practice Committee of the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy recommends using a low-residue diet instead, also accompanied by laxatives,[13] because of evidence that it performs at least as well for bowel cleansing and is associated with better patient satisfaction.[14][15]

Crohn's Disease edit

A 2016 review of the research found that a semi-elemental whey hydrolyzed protein (WHP) diet is superior for treatment of Crohn's disease.[16]

Diverticulitis edit

While a low-fiber diet is generally used for acute diverticulitis, the NIH guidelines recommend a high-fiber diet for patients with diverticulosis (a condition that may lead to diverticulitis).[17] A Mayo Clinic review from 2011 showed that a high-fiber diet can prevent diverticular disease.[18]

Aviation edit

In preparation for long-duration toiletless military flights, the crew is sometimes instructed to have a low-residue meal as their last meal before the flight. For example, this was the case with Blackbird pilots.[19]

Terminology edit

Most sources treat low-fiber and low-residue diets as identical, but some make a distinction based on the difference between fiber and residue. Dietary fiber is the indigestible part of food made from plants. Residue includes not only fiber but also other materials found in the colon after digestion. When this distinction is made, a low-fiber diet simply reduces fiber intake by eliminating or limiting high-fiber foods such as raw fruits and vegetables. A low-residue diet includes restrictions on foods such as dairy products, which do not contain fiber but do develop residue after digestion.

The American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics' removed the low-residue diet from its Nutrition Care Manual because there is no scientifically accepted quantitative definition of residue and there is no method to determine the residue produced by a food.[12][20][21]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Low Fiber/Low Residue Diet". ATLANTIC COAST GASTROENTEROLOGY ASSOCIATES. Atlantic Coast Gastroenterology. December 17, 2008. Retrieved April 29, 2017.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Low Fiber/Low Residue Diet". Jackson|Siegelbaum Gastroenterology. Jackson|Siegelbaum Gastroenterology and West Shore Endoscopy Center. November 3, 2011. Retrieved April 29, 2017.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q "Should You Try a Low-Residue Diet?". WebMD. October 25, 2016. Retrieved April 29, 2017.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h "Low residue diet" (PDF). Great Western Hospital. Great Western Hospital NHS Foundation Trust. May 15, 2012. Retrieved April 29, 2017.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Wax, Emily; Zieve, David; Ogilvie, Isla (August 14, 2016). "Low-fiber diet". Medline Plue. ADAM Health Solutions. Retrieved May 1, 2017.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Low-Fiber Nutrition Therapy". New York Presbyterian. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g "Diverticulitis Diet". Mayo Clinic. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. August 15, 2009. Retrieved July 5, 2012.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Manual of Clinical Nutrition Management (PDF). Compass Group. 2013.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "Low FIber Diet" (PDF). Rush University Medical Center. Retrieved May 3, 2017.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Clinical Dietitians Nutrition Service. "Low-Fiber, Low-Residue Diet" (PDF). Northwestern Memorial Hospital. Retrieved May 3, 2017.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Low-Residue/Low-Fiber Diet". University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. UPMC. Retrieved May 3, 2017.
  12. ^ a b Vanhauwaert, Erika; Matthys, Christophe; Verdonck, Lies; De Preter, Vicky (November 2015). "Low-Residue and Low-Fiber Diets in Gastrointestinal Disease Management". Advances in Nutrition. 6 (6): 820–827. doi:10.3945/an.115.009688. PMC 4642427. PMID 26567203. Retrieved April 26, 2017. This narrative review focuses on defining the similarities and/or discrepancies between low-residue and low-fiber diets and on the diagnostic and therapeutic values of these diets in gastrointestinal disease management.
  13. ^ Saltzman, John R.; Cash, Brooks D.; Pasha, Shabana F.; Early, Dayna S.; Muthusamy, V. Raman; Khashab, Mouen A.; Chathadi, Krishnavel V.; Fanelli, Robert D.; Chandrasekhara, Vinay; et al. (April 2015). "Bowel preparation before colonoscopy". Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. 81 (4): 781–794. doi:10.1016/j.gie.2014.09.048. PMID 25595062. This is one of a series of documents discussing the use of GI endoscopy in common clinical situations. The Standards of Practice Committee of the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy prepared this document that updates a previously issued consensus statement and a technology status evaluation report on this topic
  14. ^ Wu, Keng-Liang; Rayner, Christopher K; Chuah, Seng-Kee; Chiu, King-Wah; Lu, Chien-Chang; Chiu, Yi-Chun (2011). "Impact of low-residue diet on bowel preparation for colonoscopy". Diseases of the Colon & Rectum. 54 (1): 107–112. doi:10.1007/DCR.0b013e3181fb1e52. PMID 21160321. S2CID 25592615.
  15. ^ Helwick, Caroline (May 23, 2016). "Low-Residue Diet Acceptable for Bowel Prep". Medscape. WebMD. Retrieved April 29, 2017.
  16. ^ Alexander, Dominik D; Bylsma, Lauren C; Elkayam, Laura; Nguyen, Douglas L (May 6, 2016). "Nutritional and health benefits of semi-elemental diets: A comprehensive summary of the literature". World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 7 (2): 306–319. doi:10.4292/wjgpt.v7.i2.306. PMC 4848254. PMID 27158547.
  17. ^ Strate, Lisa L. "Diverticular Disease". NIH. National Institutes of Health. Retrieved April 30, 2017.
  18. ^ Tarleton, S; Dibaise, JK (January 17, 2017). "Invited Review: Low-residue diet in diverticular disease: Putting an end to a myth". Nutrition in Clinical Practice. 26 (2): 137–42. doi:10.1177/0884533611399774. PMID 21447765.
  19. ^ "SR-71 Pilot Interview Richard Graham Veteran Tales". YouTube. Archived from the original on December 21, 2021.
  20. ^ Alpers, David H.; Taylor, Beth E.; Bier, Dennis M.; Klein, Samuel (January 21, 2015). Manual of Nutritional Therapeutics. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Meant for quick retrieval of vital information regarding the management of nutritional issues in patients with gastroenterological problems--either primary or as the consequence of other medical disorders, such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia and obesity. The book addresses normal physiology and pathophysiology, and offers chapters on diseases that can lead to specific nutritional problems. The clinical focus is on therapeutic nutrition and dietary management.
  21. ^ Cunningham, Eleese (April 2012). "Are Low-Residue Diets Still Applicable?". Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. 112 (6): 960. doi:10.1016/j.jand.2012.04.005. PMID 22709819.

January 01, 1970
fiber, residue, diet, residue, diet, diet, intended, reduce, certain, constituents, bowel, often, with, consequence, functional, behaviour, bowel, prescribed, patients, with, ailments, functional, gastrointestinal, disorders, mitigated, fewer, smaller, bowel, . A low residue diet is a diet intended to reduce certain constituents of the bowel often with consequence for functional behaviour of the bowel It may be prescribed for patients with ailments or functional gastrointestinal disorders mitigated by fewer and smaller bowel movements each day The diet may be used as part of the bowel preparation before a diagnostic procedure such as colonoscopy or as a short term therapy for acute stages of gastrointestinal illnesses such as Crohn s disease diverticulitis bowel obstruction and ulcerative colitis In addition a low residue diet is often prescribed before and or after abdominal surgery or cancer treatments A low fiber diet is a low residue diet eliminating dietary fiber in particular The terms are not always distinguished but when they are a low residue diet will include additional restrictions on foods such as dairy products which do not contain fiber but do develop residue after digestion If the problem lies with fermentable carbohydrates instead the patient may be directed to a low FODMAP diet Some monotrophic diets such as the carnivore diet are implicitly low residue but may also sacrifice nutrition Contents 1 Dietary guidelines 1 1 Standard guidelines 1 2 Variations 1 2 1 Quantity of Fiber 1 2 2 Grains 1 2 3 Fruits 1 2 4 Vegetables 1 2 5 Meat and other proteins 1 2 6 Dairy 1 2 7 Condiments and spreads 1 2 8 Beverages 1 2 9 Nutritional quality 2 Conditions that may require a low residue diet 3 Uses 3 1 Colonoscopy 3 2 Crohn s Disease 3 3 Diverticulitis 3 4 Aviation 4 Terminology 5 See also 6 ReferencesDietary guidelines editStandard guidelines edit Almost all low residue diets make the following recommendations 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Food type Eat Drink Avoid Grains Breads and other baked goods made from refined white flour Whole grain breads and baked goods Cold cereals made from refined flours such as cornflakes and rice krispies Whole grain cereals such as bran flakes White rice noodles refined pasta Brown rice whole wheat pasta and other whole grain foods Fruits Fruit juices without pulp except prune juice Juices with pulp or seed prune juice Soft fruits such as bananas and melons Dried fruits berries Canned or well cooked fruit Coconuts popcorn Vegetables Vegetable juices without pulp Juices with pulp or seed Potatoes without skin Potato skins Canned or well cooked vegetables Meat Other Protein Well cooked tender meat fish poultry eggs Tough meat meat with gristle Beans peas legumes nuts Dairy Milk All dairy if lactose intolerant Soft mild cheeses Strong cheeses Plain yoghurt Yoghurt or cheese containing nuts berries raw fruit Oils Vegetable oils margarine butter Fried foods Variations edit Quantity of Fiber edit A low fiber diet is not a no fiber diet A 2015 review article recommends less than 10 grams of fiber per day 12 Other sources recommend that a patient on a low fiber diet eat no more than 10 15 grams of fiber per day 5 Some sources recommend serving sizes that contain no more than 2 grams per serving 5 6 Grains edit Some diets recommend limiting servings of baked goods to 2 grams per serving 5 8 Other diets recommend limiting these servings to just 1 gram per serving 7 9 Most diets also recommend eating warm cereals such as cream of wheat cream of rice grits and farina 3 6 8 10 Fruits edit Some diets allow additional raw fruits such as very soft apricot canned fruit cocktail grapes peaches papayas plums or citrus fruits without membrane 1 2 3 4 5 10 but two rule out all raw fruits 6 9 Some allow applesauce other fruit sauces or peeled and well cooked apples 1 3 5 8 Vegetables edit Many diets specifically recommend tomato sauce 1 2 3 8 and prohibit pickles 1 2 3 4 5 8 11 Two diets actually limit the well cooked vegetables to yellow squash without seeds green beans wax beans spinach pumpkin eggplant asparagus beets and carrots 2 5 Two diets allow some raw vegetables lettuce cucumber without seeds and zucchini 5 Meat and other proteins edit Some diets allow smooth peanut butter 5 10 or smooth nut butters 8 6 Some diets allow tofu 5 6 7 10 Dairy edit Some diets limit dairy to 2 cups per day 2 10 One diet allows 1 5 ounces 40 g of hard cheese 5 Several diets allow pudding or custard 5 7 9 11 sherbet 3 8 6 10 11 whipped cream 5 10 or ice cream 3 4 8 7 9 11 A couple of diets suggest specific lactose free products for the lactose intolerant such as soy milk or whipped cream 5 6 One diet prohibits whole milk half and half cream sour cream and regular ice cream 8 Condiments and spreads edit Some diets allow mayonnaise 3 5 8 6 9 10 11 ketchup 3 8 sour cream 3 7 11 cream cheese 6 smooth sauces and salad dressings 3 5 7 9 10 11 plain gravies 10 11 or whipped cream 5 10 Several diets allow jelly honey and syrup 3 9 11 Many prohibit jam marmalade and preserves 2 3 4 8 9 11 Several diets prohibit highly spiced food 1 3 4 5 but some allow spices cooked herbs and seasonings 8 9 11 Beverages edit Several diets specifically prohibit caffeine 1 3 8 two of these allow decaffeinated coffee tea and other drinks 3 8 but some allow coffee tea and carbonated drinks 10 11 Nutritional quality edit If the diet must be strict and followed over a long period of time the intake of fruits and vegetables may not provide adequate amounts of vitamin C and folic acid The quantity of calcium may also be inadequate if dairy products are restricted In these cases a multivitamin supplement or liquid nutritional supplement may be needed 1 2 Conditions that may require a low residue diet editA low fiber diet may be used to prepare for or recover from various medical procedures 1 2 4 5 Abdominal surgery Colonoscopy Internal hemorrhoid surgery A low fiber diet may also be used during acute stages of the following conditions to rest the bowels 1 2 4 5 Bowel inflammation Crohn s disease Diverticulitis Ulcerative colitis Radiation therapy to the pelvis and lower bowel Chemotherapy GastroparesisUses editColonoscopy edit The most common preparation for a colonoscopy is a clear liquid diet accompanied by laxatives However this may not be the most effective preparation A 2015 guideline issued by The Standards of Practice Committee of the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy recommends using a low residue diet instead also accompanied by laxatives 13 because of evidence that it performs at least as well for bowel cleansing and is associated with better patient satisfaction 14 15 Crohn s Disease edit A 2016 review of the research found that a semi elemental whey hydrolyzed protein WHP diet is superior for treatment of Crohn s disease 16 Diverticulitis edit While a low fiber diet is generally used for acute diverticulitis the NIH guidelines recommend a high fiber diet for patients with diverticulosis a condition that may lead to diverticulitis 17 A Mayo Clinic review from 2011 showed that a high fiber diet can prevent diverticular disease 18 Aviation edit In preparation for long duration toiletless military flights the crew is sometimes instructed to have a low residue meal as their last meal before the flight For example this was the case with Blackbird pilots 19 Terminology editMost sources treat low fiber and low residue diets as identical but some make a distinction based on the difference between fiber and residue Dietary fiber is the indigestible part of food made from plants Residue includes not only fiber but also other materials found in the colon after digestion When this distinction is made a low fiber diet simply reduces fiber intake by eliminating or limiting high fiber foods such as raw fruits and vegetables A low residue diet includes restrictions on foods such as dairy products which do not contain fiber but do develop residue after digestion The American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics removed the low residue diet from its Nutrition Care Manual because there is no scientifically accepted quantitative definition of residue and there is no method to determine the residue produced by a food 12 20 21 See also editCarnivore diet zero fiber Dietary fiber Gastroenterology High residue dietReferences edit a b c d e f g h i j Low Fiber Low Residue Diet ATLANTIC COAST GASTROENTEROLOGY ASSOCIATES Atlantic Coast Gastroenterology December 17 2008 Retrieved April 29 2017 a b c d e f g h i j Low Fiber Low Residue Diet Jackson Siegelbaum Gastroenterology Jackson Siegelbaum Gastroenterology and West Shore Endoscopy Center November 3 2011 Retrieved April 29 2017 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Should You Try a Low Residue Diet WebMD October 25 2016 Retrieved April 29 2017 a b c d e f g h Low residue diet PDF Great Western Hospital Great Western Hospital NHS Foundation Trust May 15 2012 Retrieved April 29 2017 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Wax Emily Zieve David Ogilvie Isla August 14 2016 Low fiber diet Medline Plue ADAM Health Solutions Retrieved May 1 2017 a b c d e f g h i j Low Fiber Nutrition Therapy New York Presbyterian Retrieved April 26 2017 a b c d e f g Diverticulitis Diet Mayo Clinic Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research August 15 2009 Retrieved July 5 2012 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Manual of Clinical Nutrition Management PDF Compass Group 2013 a b c d e f g h i j Low FIber Diet PDF Rush University Medical Center Retrieved May 3 2017 a b c d e f g h i j k l m Clinical Dietitians Nutrition Service Low Fiber Low Residue Diet PDF Northwestern Memorial Hospital Retrieved May 3 2017 a b c d e f g h i j k l m Low Residue Low Fiber Diet University of Pittsburgh Medical Center UPMC Retrieved May 3 2017 a b Vanhauwaert Erika Matthys Christophe Verdonck Lies De Preter Vicky November 2015 Low Residue and Low Fiber Diets in Gastrointestinal Disease Management Advances in Nutrition 6 6 820 827 doi 10 3945 an 115 009688 PMC 4642427 PMID 26567203 Retrieved April 26 2017 This narrative review focuses on defining the similarities and or discrepancies between low residue and low fiber diets and on the diagnostic and therapeutic values of these diets in gastrointestinal disease management Saltzman John R Cash Brooks D Pasha Shabana F Early Dayna S Muthusamy V Raman Khashab Mouen A Chathadi Krishnavel V Fanelli Robert D Chandrasekhara Vinay et al April 2015 Bowel preparation before colonoscopy Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 81 4 781 794 doi 10 1016 j gie 2014 09 048 PMID 25595062 This is one of a series of documents discussing the use of GI endoscopy in common clinical situations The Standards of Practice Committee of the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy prepared this document that updates a previously issued consensus statement and a technology status evaluation report on this topic Wu Keng Liang Rayner Christopher K Chuah Seng Kee Chiu King Wah Lu Chien Chang Chiu Yi Chun 2011 Impact of low residue diet on bowel preparation for colonoscopy Diseases of the Colon amp Rectum 54 1 107 112 doi 10 1007 DCR 0b013e3181fb1e52 PMID 21160321 S2CID 25592615 Helwick Caroline May 23 2016 Low Residue Diet Acceptable for Bowel Prep Medscape WebMD Retrieved April 29 2017 Alexander Dominik D Bylsma Lauren C Elkayam Laura Nguyen Douglas L May 6 2016 Nutritional and health benefits of semi elemental diets A comprehensive summary of the literature World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 7 2 306 319 doi 10 4292 wjgpt v7 i2 306 PMC 4848254 PMID 27158547 Strate Lisa L Diverticular Disease NIH National Institutes of Health Retrieved April 30 2017 Tarleton S Dibaise JK January 17 2017 Invited Review Low residue diet in diverticular disease Putting an end to a myth Nutrition in Clinical Practice 26 2 137 42 doi 10 1177 0884533611399774 PMID 21447765 SR 71 Pilot Interview Richard Graham Veteran Tales YouTube Archived from the original on December 21 2021 Alpers David H Taylor Beth E Bier Dennis M Klein Samuel January 21 2015 Manual of Nutritional Therapeutics Lippincott Williams amp Wilkins Meant for quick retrieval of vital information regarding the management of nutritional issues in patients with gastroenterological problems either primary or as the consequence of other medical disorders such as diabetes hyperlipidemia and obesity The book addresses normal physiology and pathophysiology and offers chapters on diseases that can lead to specific nutritional problems The clinical focus is on therapeutic nutrition and dietary management Cunningham Eleese April 2012 Are Low Residue Diets Still Applicable Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics 112 6 960 doi 10 1016 j jand 2012 04 005 PMID 22709819 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Low fiber low residue diet amp oldid 1182844620, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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