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Todd Pacific Shipyards, Los Angeles Division

January 01, 1970

Todd Pacific Shipyards, Los Angeles Division was a shipyard in San Pedro, Los Angeles, California. Before applying its last corporate name, the shipyard had been called Los Angeles Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company and Todd Shipyards, Los Angeles Division. Under those three names, the San Pedro yard built at least 130 ships from 1917 to 1989.[1]

Todd Pacific Shipyards, Los Angeles Division
Christening and launch of USS Reid (FFG-30), 1981.
IndustryShipbuilding
PredecessorLos Angeles Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company
Todd Shipyards, Los Angeles Division
Founded1917
Defunct1989
FateLiquidated
HeadquartersSan Pedro, Los Angeles, California
ParentTodd Pacific Shipyards, a wholly owned subsidiary of Todd Shipyards Corporation

The yard opened during the World War I shipping boom, survived bankruptcy in the Great Depression and built Auxiliary ships during World War II. The yard was seized by the Navy in late 1943 and given to Todd Shipyards to manage for the remainder of the war. The yard struggled through the post war period and surged again with commercial work in the 1960s to mid-1970s. The yard peaked again in 1983 during a Navy frigate contract, but was closed in 1989 after failing to secure a DDG-51 contract. The former site was a container terminal in 2015.

Los Angeles Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company (1917–1943) edit

The Los Angeles Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company was founded in April 1917 for the purpose of establishing a shipbuilding and repair facility in Los Angeles Harbor during World War I with Fred L. Baker of Baker Iron Works as president. 69 acres (28 ha) of marsh land on Smiths Island were used for the original construction. The yard received 35 contracts to build cargo ships for the Emergency Fleet Corporation (EFC) of the United States Shipping Board. 30 of the ships were to be 8,800 DWT Design 1013 ships and 5 were 11,500 DWT. The first keel was laid 23 July 1917 for SS Accomac. Triple expansion steam engines of 3,500hp were produced on site,[2] but hulls 1 through 8 were powered by Westinghouse steam turbines. By 1920, the yard had a 12,000 ton floating dry dock, which cost $1.25 million ($22 million today) to build. [3] The first four freighters were delivered in July 1918 and another four were delivered before the war ended.[1]

Delivered in November 1921, SS West Chopaka was the 35th and final ship built for the US Shipping Board at San Pedro. In total, the contracts cost $72 million ($1.23 billion today) for around 320,000 DWT of cargo freighters.[4] This made Los Angeles Shipbuilding the largest of the three steel shipyards in the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach, accounting for 55% of the tonnage built there during the World War I shipbuilding boom for the United States Shipping Board.

Around 5 May 1919, 6,000 workers at Los Angeles SB&DDC went on strike after demands for a closed shop were not met.[5] On 31 May 1919, federal mediation was sought with mediator Captain Charles T. Connell listed as a potential mediator.[6] The yard was reopened on 10 July 1919, without resolving the dispute,[7] Many of the workers did not return and had found other work elsewhere. Around 70 of the 6,000 returned in the first days with about 1,500 back by the end of July 1919.[8]

For the remainder of the 1920s, after the US Shipping Board projects finished, Los Angeles SB&DDC built a number of tank barges. Additionally, the yard built SS Catalina in 1924 and in 1925, Los Angeles City #2 fireboat, which later was known as Ralph J. Scott.[1]

Los Angeles SB&DDC mainly did ship repairs in the 1930s until the yard received Navy contracts for several auxiliary ships in the lead up to World War II. By the time the war broke out, management had changed a number of times at the yard. Los Angeles SB&DDC had entered bankruptcy during the Great Depression and several corporate reorganizations resulted in several changes in management. The original shareholders of Los Angeles SB&DDC were also frozen out by a Supreme Court decision that gave precedence to bondholders over the shareholders.[9] Los Angeles SB&DDC had become a wholly owned subsidiary of Los Angeles Lumber Products, which was a party in Case v. Los Angeles Lumber Products.[10] That case was decided in 1939 and became a landmark decision in corporate bankruptcy law.[11][12]

In the 1930s, the yard made some attempts to get oil tanker contracts[13] and a Navy destroyer contract, but lost bids to east coast shipyards.[14] Beginning 14 November 1936, there was an 87-day labor strike by 500 workers at several Los Angeles area yards, including Los Angeles SB&DDC. The strike ended 9 February 1937 with a $.06 raise, making the top hourly rate $0.95 an hour.[15] In 1939, the company submitted bids for C1-B cargo ships of the United States Maritime Commission's Long Range Shipbuilding Program, but was unsuccessful.

Navy seizure and operation by Todd Shipyards (1943–1946) edit

 
A diagram of the shipyard near its post war peak in 1983.

On 27 September 1943 a special Naval Board of Investigation was convened in San Pedro to look into the conditions at Los Angeles SB&DDC. The Navy had invested around $64 million in equipment and construction contracts at the company and had a number of concerns regarding management of those assets. According to Admiral Harold G. Bowen, Sr. the yard had no cost accounting system other than a system set up to bill and receive funds from the Navy. There were no modern industrial lines to increase production efficiency. The committee found that between $5 and $7 million were unaccounted for on the repair ship Ajax which was under construction at the yard. They attributed it to "inefficient management and a poorly organized labor union" rather than fraud.[16] The Navy made attempts to get management to correct the problems, but negotiations failed.[16]

On 8 December 1943, the US Navy seized control of Los Angeles SB&DDC under an executive order signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.[17][18] Bowen found the yard to be in worse condition than the investigating board realized. Management was turned over to Todd Shipyards, which operated a number of other shipyards around the country. Todd would manage the yard for the Navy until the war ended after which Todd purchased the yard outright.[19]

Admiral Bowen described the situation at the yard in detail in his 1954 memoir, Ships, Machinery and Mossbacks. According to Bowen, the seizure saved the government over $13 million.[16] For example, USS Ajax (AR-6), built in San Pedro, cost $24.8 million, but sister ship USS Vulcan (AR-5), constructed in Camden, cost only $12.8 million.[16] It also took nearly a year longer to construct Ajax.[20]

During the war, the yard built three of the four Vulcan-class repair ships, three of the four Currituck-class seaplane tenders and all four Klondike-class destroyer tenders.[1] According to The American West: The Reader, under Todd's management, the yard converted 2,376 ships in the final years of the war.[21]

Operating as Todd Shipyards, Los Angeles Division (1946–1977) edit

 
USS Fox (DLG-33) ready for launching in San Pedro, 21 November 1964.

Todd Shipyards purchased the Los Angeles SB&DDC after World War II and began to operate this shipyard as the Todd Shipyards, Los Angeles Division beginning in November 1946. Wartime labor at the LA division peaked at around 20,000 workers.[19]

 
Los Angeles Shipbuilding and Drydock Corporation Plant, San Pedro, California on March 23, 1942.

After the war ended the LA division turned to ship repair and conversions, and to machine work and fabrication for other industries. Business volume declined until the Korean War, but then dropped even lower after it ended in 1953. The LA division had projects in the early 1950s for Disneyland as well. They built the replica of the sternwheel riverboat Mark Twain. Todd's Hoboken, New Jersey, operation built two sternwheel riverboats for Freedomland U.S.A., a theme park in New York City that existed from 1960 to 1964. Todd's contributions to the park and the sternwheelers are documented in Freedomland U.S.A.: The Definitive History published by Theme Park Press (2019). One boat was destroyed during 2005 and the other during 2018. The LA division also constructed eight 52-foot tourist submarines and the masts, rigging, spars and sails of Sailing Ship Columbia after the Korean War.[19] According to their long range facilities plan, Todd reported that no major ships were built in California following World War II until the state property tax structure was changed in 1958.[19]

Todd invested heavily into the LA division in the years following the 1958 tax changes and built a number of cargo ships for various companies. The LA division built two cruisers, England and Fox in the 1960s and seven Knox-class frigates in the late 1960s. It also converted USS Paul Revere (APA-248) and USS Ashtabula (AO-51).[1]

The LA division manufactured "thousands of feet of special piping for the Atomic Energy Commission." They also did work fabricating test missiles for the Polaris missile program and a base for a tracking antenna used by NASA.[19]

In the early 1970s, the LA division built four handysize 25,000 DWT tankers[22] for Marine Transport Lines and four 35,000 DWT tankers for Zapata Marine, but contracts for eight 90,000 DWT tankers were cancelled in 1975[22] during the 1970s energy crisis and in the wake of the 1973 oil crisis.[23]

Operating as Todd Pacific Shipyards, Los Angeles Division (1977–1989) edit

 
USS Wadsworth (FFG-9) under construction in San Pedro, c.1979.

On 1 October 1977, Todd Pacific Shipyards Corporation was formed as a wholly owned subsidiary of Todd Shipyards Corporation. Todd's Seattle and Los Angeles divisions were spun off into Todd Pacific Shipyards. Eighteen Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigates were built at the San Pedro yard. In 1983 the yard employed 5,600, by 1989 it employed only 400. The yard occupied 112 acres (45 ha) of land, leased from the Port of Los Angeles, at its close in 1989.[24]

Parent company Todd Shipyards entered Chapter 11 in August 1987. The LA division closed in 1989 following completion of its last Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate, USS Ingraham.[24] Todd had failed to win an Arleigh Burke-class destroyer contract.[25] The property where at least 130 ships were built in just over 70 years was returned to the Port of Los Angeles. As of 2015, it was known as Berth 100 / West Basin Container Terminal.[26][27]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e Colton, Tim. . shipbuildinghistory.com. Archived from the original on 22 September 2008.
  2. ^ "Pacific Marine Review". December 1918. p. 118. {{cite magazine}}: Cite magazine requires |magazine= (help)
  3. ^ "Los Angeles Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company". Pacific Marine Review. 17: 94. December 1920.
  4. ^ "The Pacific Coast". American Shipping. 14. 10 October 1921.
  5. ^ "Six Thousand Strike when it seemed settled". The Deseret News. 5 May 1919. p. 3.
  6. ^ "Discuss Mediation for Ship Strike". Berkeley Daily Gazette. United Press. 31 May 1919. p. 4.
  7. ^ "Employ Papers in Strike Fight". The Spokesman-Review. 10 July 1919. p. 3.
  8. ^ Perry, Louis B.; Perry, Richard S. (1963). A History of the Los Angeles Labor Movement, 1911–1941. University of California Press. pp. 129–130.
  9. ^ "US Seizes San Pedro Shipyard" (PDF). Torrence Herald. 9 December 1943. p. 1.
  10. ^ Stewart Jr., Gilbert (2 November 1939). "Obscure Case is Important". The Bulletin. Bend, OR. United Press.
  11. ^ "Case v. Los Angeles Lumber Products Co., Ltd. 308 U.S. 106 (1939)". supreme.justia.com.
  12. ^ Bhandari, Jagdeep S.; Weiss, Lawrence A. (1996). Corporate Bankruptcy: Economic and Legal Perspectives. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-45717-0.
  13. ^ "Coast Firms Invited to Bid on Oil Tankers". Berkeley Daily Gazette. 10 December 1935. p. 8.
  14. ^ "Coast Lost Navy Jobs Due to Lack of Bonds". Spokane Daily Chronicle. Associated Press. 23 August 1934.
  15. ^ "End Walkout in Shipyards". Berkeley Daily Gazette. United Press. 9 February 1937. p. 2-1.
  16. ^ a b c d Bowen, Harold G. (1954). "5". Ships, Machinery and Mossbacks: The Autobiography of a Naval Engineer. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton Univ. Press. p. 252.
  17. ^ "FDR Orders Navy to Take Over Shipyard". The Milwaukee Sentinel. Associated Press. 9 December 1943. p. 1.
  18. ^ "US Navy Takes Over". Montreal Gazette. 9 December 1943. p. 9.
  19. ^ a b c d e (Report). 31 July 1981. Archived from the original on 23 June 2015.
  20. ^ Ajax was 906 days from keel laying to commissioning vs 546 days for Vulcan.
  21. ^ Nugent, Walter T. K.; Ridge, Martin (1999). The American West: The Reader. Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-21290-0.
  22. ^ a b Report on Survey of U.S. Shipbuilding and Repair Facilities (PDF) (Report). United States Maritime Administration. 1976.
  23. ^ Meeting with Members of the Tanker Industry (PDF). Gerald R. Ford Library and Museum (Report). 7 March 1975.
  24. ^ a b Vartabedian, Ralph; Stolberg, Sheryl (8 July 1989). "Todd, the Last Shipyard in L.A. Harbor, to Shut Down". Los Angeles Times.
  25. ^ "Todd Los Angeles Division". GlobalSecurity.org. Retrieved 15 July 2012.
  26. ^ "Container Facilities". Port of Los Angeles. — Shows an aerial view of Berth 100, the former location of Todd – San Pedro.
  27. ^ Architectural Survey and Evaluation of the Southwest Marine Terminal (Berth 240) of the Port of Los Angeles Attachment A (PDF) (Report). p. 6. Berths 103-108

Further reading edit

  • "Todd Shipyards Corporation, the Los Angeles Division Collection". Los Angeles Maritime Museum.
  • "Shipbuilding Union Seeks Strike Vote". The Evening Independent. St. Petersburg, FL. Associated Press. 11 August 1944. p. 8.
  • Report on Survey of U.S. Shipbuilding and Repair Facilities (PDF) (Report). United States Maritime Administration. 1981.
  • Report on Survey of U.S. Shipbuilding and Repair Facilities (PDF) (Report). United States Maritime Administration. 1982.
  • Report on Survey of U.S. Shipbuilding and Repair Facilities (PDF) (Report). United States Maritime Administration. 1987. Notes Chapter 11 was filed in August 1987.
  • Report on Survey of U.S. Shipbuilding and Repair Facilities (PDF) (Report). United States Maritime Administration. 1988.

External links edit

  • Blume, Kenneth J. (2012). Historical Dictionary of the U.S. Maritime Industry. Scarecrow Press. p. 481. ISBN 978-0-8108-5634-9.
  • "Todd Pacific Shipyards". Globalsecurity.
  • . Shipbuilding History. Archived from the original on 22 September 2008. Includes production list

33°45′11″N 118°16′48″W / 33.753°N 118.280°W / 33.753; -118.280

January 01, 1970
todd, pacific, shipyards, angeles, division, shipyard, pedro, angeles, california, before, applying, last, corporate, name, shipyard, been, called, angeles, shipbuilding, dock, company, todd, shipyards, angeles, division, under, those, three, names, pedro, yar. Todd Pacific Shipyards Los Angeles Division was a shipyard in San Pedro Los Angeles California Before applying its last corporate name the shipyard had been called Los Angeles Shipbuilding amp Dry Dock Company and Todd Shipyards Los Angeles Division Under those three names the San Pedro yard built at least 130 ships from 1917 to 1989 1 Todd Pacific Shipyards Los Angeles DivisionChristening and launch of USS Reid FFG 30 1981 IndustryShipbuildingPredecessorLos Angeles Shipbuilding amp Dry Dock CompanyTodd Shipyards Los Angeles DivisionFounded1917Defunct1989FateLiquidatedHeadquartersSan Pedro Los Angeles CaliforniaParentTodd Pacific Shipyards a wholly owned subsidiary of Todd Shipyards Corporation The yard opened during the World War I shipping boom survived bankruptcy in the Great Depression and built Auxiliary ships during World War II The yard was seized by the Navy in late 1943 and given to Todd Shipyards to manage for the remainder of the war The yard struggled through the post war period and surged again with commercial work in the 1960s to mid 1970s The yard peaked again in 1983 during a Navy frigate contract but was closed in 1989 after failing to secure a DDG 51 contract The former site was a container terminal in 2015 Contents 1 Los Angeles Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company 1917 1943 2 Navy seizure and operation by Todd Shipyards 1943 1946 3 Operating as Todd Shipyards Los Angeles Division 1946 1977 4 Operating as Todd Pacific Shipyards Los Angeles Division 1977 1989 5 See also 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External linksLos Angeles Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company 1917 1943 editThe Los Angeles Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company was founded in April 1917 for the purpose of establishing a shipbuilding and repair facility in Los Angeles Harbor during World War I with Fred L Baker of Baker Iron Works as president 69 acres 28 ha of marsh land on Smiths Island were used for the original construction The yard received 35 contracts to build cargo ships for the Emergency Fleet Corporation EFC of the United States Shipping Board 30 of the ships were to be 8 800 DWT Design 1013 ships and 5 were 11 500 DWT The first keel was laid 23 July 1917 for SS Accomac Triple expansion steam engines of 3 500hp were produced on site 2 but hulls 1 through 8 were powered by Westinghouse steam turbines By 1920 the yard had a 12 000 ton floating dry dock which cost 1 25 million 22 million today to build 3 The first four freighters were delivered in July 1918 and another four were delivered before the war ended 1 Delivered in November 1921 SS West Chopaka was the 35th and final ship built for the US Shipping Board at San Pedro In total the contracts cost 72 million 1 23 billion today for around 320 000 DWT of cargo freighters 4 This made Los Angeles Shipbuilding the largest of the three steel shipyards in the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach accounting for 55 of the tonnage built there during the World War I shipbuilding boom for the United States Shipping Board Around 5 May 1919 6 000 workers at Los Angeles SB amp DDC went on strike after demands for a closed shop were not met 5 On 31 May 1919 federal mediation was sought with mediator Captain Charles T Connell listed as a potential mediator 6 The yard was reopened on 10 July 1919 without resolving the dispute 7 Many of the workers did not return and had found other work elsewhere Around 70 of the 6 000 returned in the first days with about 1 500 back by the end of July 1919 8 For the remainder of the 1920s after the US Shipping Board projects finished Los Angeles SB amp DDC built a number of tank barges Additionally the yard built SS Catalina in 1924 and in 1925 Los Angeles City 2 fireboat which later was known as Ralph J Scott 1 Los Angeles SB amp DDC mainly did ship repairs in the 1930s until the yard received Navy contracts for several auxiliary ships in the lead up to World War II By the time the war broke out management had changed a number of times at the yard Los Angeles SB amp DDC had entered bankruptcy during the Great Depression and several corporate reorganizations resulted in several changes in management The original shareholders of Los Angeles SB amp DDC were also frozen out by a Supreme Court decision that gave precedence to bondholders over the shareholders 9 Los Angeles SB amp DDC had become a wholly owned subsidiary of Los Angeles Lumber Products which was a party in Case v Los Angeles Lumber Products 10 That case was decided in 1939 and became a landmark decision in corporate bankruptcy law 11 12 In the 1930s the yard made some attempts to get oil tanker contracts 13 and a Navy destroyer contract but lost bids to east coast shipyards 14 Beginning 14 November 1936 there was an 87 day labor strike by 500 workers at several Los Angeles area yards including Los Angeles SB amp DDC The strike ended 9 February 1937 with a 06 raise making the top hourly rate 0 95 an hour 15 In 1939 the company submitted bids for C1 B cargo ships of the United States Maritime Commission s Long Range Shipbuilding Program but was unsuccessful Navy seizure and operation by Todd Shipyards 1943 1946 edit nbsp A diagram of the shipyard near its post war peak in 1983 On 27 September 1943 a special Naval Board of Investigation was convened in San Pedro to look into the conditions at Los Angeles SB amp DDC The Navy had invested around 64 million in equipment and construction contracts at the company and had a number of concerns regarding management of those assets According to Admiral Harold G Bowen Sr the yard had no cost accounting system other than a system set up to bill and receive funds from the Navy There were no modern industrial lines to increase production efficiency The committee found that between 5 and 7 million were unaccounted for on the repair ship Ajax which was under construction at the yard They attributed it to inefficient management and a poorly organized labor union rather than fraud 16 The Navy made attempts to get management to correct the problems but negotiations failed 16 On 8 December 1943 the US Navy seized control of Los Angeles SB amp DDC under an executive order signed by President Franklin D Roosevelt 17 18 Bowen found the yard to be in worse condition than the investigating board realized Management was turned over to Todd Shipyards which operated a number of other shipyards around the country Todd would manage the yard for the Navy until the war ended after which Todd purchased the yard outright 19 Admiral Bowen described the situation at the yard in detail in his 1954 memoir Ships Machinery and Mossbacks According to Bowen the seizure saved the government over 13 million 16 For example USS Ajax AR 6 built in San Pedro cost 24 8 million but sister ship USS Vulcan AR 5 constructed in Camden cost only 12 8 million 16 It also took nearly a year longer to construct Ajax 20 During the war the yard built three of the four Vulcan class repair ships three of the four Currituck class seaplane tenders and all four Klondike class destroyer tenders 1 According to The American West The Reader under Todd s management the yard converted 2 376 ships in the final years of the war 21 Operating as Todd Shipyards Los Angeles Division 1946 1977 edit nbsp USS Fox DLG 33 ready for launching in San Pedro 21 November 1964 Todd Shipyards purchased the Los Angeles SB amp DDC after World War II and began to operate this shipyard as the Todd Shipyards Los Angeles Division beginning in November 1946 Wartime labor at the LA division peaked at around 20 000 workers 19 nbsp Los Angeles Shipbuilding and Drydock Corporation Plant San Pedro California on March 23 1942 After the war ended the LA division turned to ship repair and conversions and to machine work and fabrication for other industries Business volume declined until the Korean War but then dropped even lower after it ended in 1953 The LA division had projects in the early 1950s for Disneyland as well They built the replica of the sternwheel riverboat Mark Twain Todd s Hoboken New Jersey operation built two sternwheel riverboats for Freedomland U S A a theme park in New York City that existed from 1960 to 1964 Todd s contributions to the park and the sternwheelers are documented in Freedomland U S A The Definitive History published by Theme Park Press 2019 One boat was destroyed during 2005 and the other during 2018 The LA division also constructed eight 52 foot tourist submarines and the masts rigging spars and sails of Sailing Ship Columbia after the Korean War 19 According to their long range facilities plan Todd reported that no major ships were built in California following World War II until the state property tax structure was changed in 1958 19 Todd invested heavily into the LA division in the years following the 1958 tax changes and built a number of cargo ships for various companies The LA division built two cruisers England and Fox in the 1960s and seven Knox class frigates in the late 1960s It also converted USS Paul Revere APA 248 and USS Ashtabula AO 51 1 The LA division manufactured thousands of feet of special piping for the Atomic Energy Commission They also did work fabricating test missiles for the Polaris missile program and a base for a tracking antenna used by NASA 19 In the early 1970s the LA division built four handysize 25 000 DWT tankers 22 for Marine Transport Lines and four 35 000 DWT tankers for Zapata Marine but contracts for eight 90 000 DWT tankers were cancelled in 1975 22 during the 1970s energy crisis and in the wake of the 1973 oil crisis 23 Operating as Todd Pacific Shipyards Los Angeles Division 1977 1989 edit nbsp USS Wadsworth FFG 9 under construction in San Pedro c 1979 On 1 October 1977 Todd Pacific Shipyards Corporation was formed as a wholly owned subsidiary of Todd Shipyards Corporation Todd s Seattle and Los Angeles divisions were spun off into Todd Pacific Shipyards Eighteen Oliver Hazard Perry class frigates were built at the San Pedro yard In 1983 the yard employed 5 600 by 1989 it employed only 400 The yard occupied 112 acres 45 ha of land leased from the Port of Los Angeles at its close in 1989 24 Parent company Todd Shipyards entered Chapter 11 in August 1987 The LA division closed in 1989 following completion of its last Oliver Hazard Perry class frigate USS Ingraham 24 Todd had failed to win an Arleigh Burke class destroyer contract 25 The property where at least 130 ships were built in just over 70 years was returned to the Port of Los Angeles As of 2015 it was known as Berth 100 West Basin Container Terminal 26 27 See also edit1983 Todd Shipyard Strike Pacific Coast Metal Trades Union Strike a strike which affected the parent company of the Los Angeles Division Vigor Shipyards Successor in Seattle References edit a b c d e Colton Tim Todd Pacific Shipyards San Pedro CA shipbuildinghistory com Archived from the original on 22 September 2008 Pacific Marine Review December 1918 p 118 a href Template Cite magazine html title Template Cite magazine cite magazine a Cite magazine requires magazine help Los Angeles Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company Pacific Marine Review 17 94 December 1920 The Pacific Coast American Shipping 14 10 October 1921 Six Thousand Strike when it seemed settled The Deseret News 5 May 1919 p 3 Discuss Mediation for Ship Strike Berkeley Daily Gazette United Press 31 May 1919 p 4 Employ Papers in Strike Fight The Spokesman Review 10 July 1919 p 3 Perry Louis B Perry Richard S 1963 A History of the Los Angeles Labor Movement 1911 1941 University of California Press pp 129 130 US Seizes San Pedro Shipyard PDF Torrence Herald 9 December 1943 p 1 Stewart Jr Gilbert 2 November 1939 Obscure Case is Important The Bulletin Bend OR United Press Case v Los Angeles Lumber Products Co Ltd 308 U S 106 1939 supreme justia com Bhandari Jagdeep S Weiss Lawrence A 1996 Corporate Bankruptcy Economic and Legal Perspectives Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 0 521 45717 0 Coast Firms Invited to Bid on Oil Tankers Berkeley Daily Gazette 10 December 1935 p 8 Coast Lost Navy Jobs Due to Lack of Bonds Spokane Daily Chronicle Associated Press 23 August 1934 End Walkout in Shipyards Berkeley Daily Gazette United Press 9 February 1937 p 2 1 a b c d Bowen Harold G 1954 5 Ships Machinery and Mossbacks The Autobiography of a Naval Engineer Princeton N J Princeton Univ Press p 252 FDR Orders Navy to Take Over Shipyard The Milwaukee Sentinel Associated Press 9 December 1943 p 1 US Navy Takes Over Montreal Gazette 9 December 1943 p 9 a b c d e Todd Pacific Shipyards Corporation Los Angeles Division Long Range Facilities Plan Contract MA 8O SAC O1O29 Report 31 July 1981 Archived from the original on 23 June 2015 Ajax was 906 days from keel laying to commissioning vs 546 days for Vulcan Nugent Walter T K Ridge Martin 1999 The American West The Reader Indiana University Press ISBN 978 0 253 21290 0 a b Report on Survey of U S Shipbuilding and Repair Facilities PDF Report United States Maritime Administration 1976 Meeting with Members of the Tanker Industry PDF Gerald R Ford Library and Museum Report 7 March 1975 a b Vartabedian Ralph Stolberg Sheryl 8 July 1989 Todd the Last Shipyard in L A Harbor to Shut Down Los Angeles Times Todd Los Angeles Division GlobalSecurity org Retrieved 15 July 2012 Container Facilities Port of Los Angeles Shows an aerial view of Berth 100 the former location of Todd San Pedro Architectural Survey and Evaluation of the Southwest Marine Terminal Berth 240 of the Port of Los Angeles Attachment A PDF Report p 6 Berths 103 108Further reading edit Todd Shipyards Corporation the Los Angeles Division Collection Los Angeles Maritime Museum Shipbuilding Union Seeks Strike Vote The Evening Independent St Petersburg FL Associated Press 11 August 1944 p 8 Report on Survey of U S Shipbuilding and Repair Facilities PDF Report United States Maritime Administration 1981 Report on Survey of U S Shipbuilding and Repair Facilities PDF Report United States Maritime Administration 1982 Report on Survey of U S Shipbuilding and Repair Facilities PDF Report United States Maritime Administration 1987 Notes Chapter 11 was filed in August 1987 Report on Survey of U S Shipbuilding and Repair Facilities PDF Report United States Maritime Administration 1988 External links editBlume Kenneth J 2012 Historical Dictionary of the U S Maritime Industry Scarecrow Press p 481 ISBN 978 0 8108 5634 9 Todd Pacific Shipyards Globalsecurity Todd Pacific Shipyards San Pedro CA Shipbuilding History Archived from the original on 22 September 2008 Includes production list 33 45 11 N 118 16 48 W 33 753 N 118 280 W 33 753 118 280 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Todd Pacific Shipyards Los Angeles Division amp oldid 1135665166, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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