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Auxiliary ship

January 12, 2023

An auxiliary ship is a naval ship designed to support combatant ships and other naval operations.[1] Auxiliary ships are not primary combatant vessels, though they may have some limited combat capacity, usually for purposes of self-defense.[2][3]

Auxiliary ships are extremely important for navies of all sizes because if they were not present the primary fleet vessels would be unsupported. Thus, virtually every navy maintains an extensive fleet of auxiliary ships. However, the composition and size of these auxiliary fleets vary depending on the nature of each navy and its primary mission. Smaller coastal navies tend to have smaller auxiliary vessels focusing primarily on littoral and training support roles. Larger blue-water navies tend to have larger auxiliary fleets comprising longer-range fleet support vessels designed to provide support far beyond territorial waters.[4]

Roles

 
Royal Canadian Navy auxiliary oiler HMCS Preserver during New York fleet week, 2009
 
Australian oiler HMAS Sirius refueling USS Essex, June 2007
 
American cargo ship USNS Furman, 1981
 
American repair ship USS Vulcan, June 1992
 
German tugboat Wangerooge, 2005
 
Australian survey ship HMAS Leeuwin, December 2013
 
US Navy barracks ship APL-61 in 2003

Replenishment

Main article: Replenishment oiler

One of the most direct ways that auxiliary ships support the fleet is by providing underway replenishment (also known as "replenishment at sea") to major fleet units. This allow the fleet to remain in the same location, with the replenishment vessels bringing up fuel, ammunition, food, and supplies from shore to the fleet wherever it is operating.

Oilers ("replenishment tanker") are vessels specifically designed to bring fuel oil to the fleet, while the earlier colliers supplied coal burning steamships. Specific role replenishment vessels include Combat stores ship, depot ship, general stores issue ship and ammunition ship.

Tenders are specifically designed to support a type of smaller naval unit, like submarines, destroyer, and seaplanes, providing a mobile base of operations for these units: specifically destroyer tenders, submarine tenders, seaplane tenders, torpedo boat tenders.[5][6]

Transport

Main article: Attack transport

Supporting front-line operating bases requires immense transportation capacity. Transport ships are often converted merchant ships simply commissioned (APA, APD, APH, APV) into naval service. Tankers are transports specifically designed to ship fuel to forward locations. Transport ships are often employed not only carrying cargo for naval support but in support of all forces of a nation's military (AK, AKA, AKN, AKR, AKS). In particular, troopships and attack transports are used to carry a large number of soldiers to operational theatres. Some transport ships are highly specialized, like the ammunition ships employed by the US Navy.[7] Large ocean tugs (AT, ATO, ATF, ATA, ATR) are used to tow large auxiliary ships, like barges, floating repair docks, and floating cranes in the open sea, also disabled ships.[18]

Repair

Main article: Repair ship

Repairing ships at sea or in conflict areas is important as it allows these vessels to return to service more quickly, while also increasing the chance of survival for ships critically damaged in battle. Repair vessels (US Navy: AR, ARB, ARC, ARG, ARH, ARL, ARV) range from small equipment ships to Auxiliary repair docks, and larger Auxiliary floating drydock. Aircraft repair ships specialized in repair of naval aircraft.[19]

Harbor

Main articles: Type V ship and Type B ship

Harbor support is a critical support role, with various types of vessels including tugboats, barges, lighter barges, derrick-crane vessels, and others used to move ships and equipment around the port facilities, and depot ships and tends to service ships currently in the harbor. These vessels also help maintain the harbor by dredging channels, maintaining jetties and buoys, and even providing floating platforms for port defenses.

In US Navy, tugboats are type YT, YTB, YTM, YTL or a Type V ship.[20] and barges are classified as a Type B ship or YF, YFN, YFR, and YFRN.[21]

Support

Radar picket to increase the radar detection range around a force. Communications Relay Ships (AGMR) are floating communications stations. Tracking ship or Range Instrumentation Ship (AGM) are equipped with antennas and electronics to support the launching and tracking of missiles and rockets. Command ship (AGF) are flagships of the commander of a fleet. Wind-class icebreaker (AGB WAGB) are support ships. Rescue and salvage ship and Submarine rescue ship (ASR) for surface support ship for ship and submarine rescue. Barracks ship or Auxiliary Personal Living, (APL) are vessels-barges for service men to live on.

Research

A wide variety of vessels are employed for research(AGTR) (AGM), Environmental Research Ships (AGER), Hydrofoil Research Ships (AGEH) and survey, primarily to provide a navy with a better understanding of its operating environment, or to assist in testing new technologies for employment in other vessels. [22]

Hospital

Main article: Hospital ship

Hospital ships are able to provide medical care in remote locations to personnel.[23]

Unclassified auxiliary ship

Main article: List of unclassified miscellaneous vessels of the United States Navy

The US Navy also used an unclassified miscellaneous auxiliary ship classification. The unclassified miscellaneous auxiliary ship classification is IX. An unclassified miscellaneous auxiliary ship can be a new ship without a classified role or a ship that does not fit into a standard category or a ship that had been removed from its classification. [24][25][26]

See also


References

Notes

  1. ^ Cutler and Cutler, p.16
  2. ^ Morris, p.192
  3. ^ Ship Abbreviations and Symbolsnavy.mil
  4. ^ Navy Ships: Turning Over Auxiliary Ship Operations to the Military Sealift Command Could Save Millionsdtic.mil
  5. ^ "Submarine Tenders (AS)". shipbuildinghistory.com. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
  6. ^ "Other Auxiliaries(AGB, AGC, AGDS, AGEH, AGER, AGF, AGM, AGMR, AGP, AGR, AGTR)". shipbuildinghistory.com. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
  7. ^ "Royal Fleet Auxiliary ship makes last Plymouth call". BBC News. 2011-02-01. Retrieved 2021-09-18.
  8. ^ "Ocean Tugs (AT, ATO, ATF, ATA, ATR)". shipbuildinghistory.com. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
  9. ^ "Oilers AO". shipbuildinghistory.com. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
  10. ^ "Combat Logistics Resupply Ships AC AE AF AFS AKE AOE AOR". shipbuildinghistory.com. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
  11. ^ "Cargo Ships AK AKA AKN AKS". shipbuildinghistory.com. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
  12. ^ "Gasoline Tankers AOG". shipbuildinghistory.com. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
  13. ^ "Destroyer Tenders AD". shipbuildinghistory.com. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
  14. ^ "Aviation Support Ships AV AVP AVS". shipbuildinghistory.com. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
  15. ^ "Miscellaneous Auxiliaries AG". shipbuildinghistory.com. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
  16. ^ "Troop Transports (AP)". shipbuildinghistory.com. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
  17. ^ "Attack and Other Transports (APA, APD, APH, APV)". shipbuildinghistory.com. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
  18. ^ [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]
  19. ^ "Floating Dry-Docks (AFDB, AFDM, AFDL, ARD, ARDM, YFD)". shipbuildinghistory.com. 30 April 2015. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
  20. ^ "Yard Tugs Wartime YT YTB YTM YTL". shipbuildinghistory.com. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
  21. ^ "Freight Lighters Wartime YF YFN YFND YFR YFRN YFRT". shipbuildinghistory.com. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
  22. ^ "Other Auxiliaries AGB, AGC, AGDS, AGF, AGM, AGMR, AGP, AGR". shipbuildinghistory.com. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
  23. ^ Custodio, Jonathan. "U.S. transport ship and field hospitals heading to Haiti for quake relief". POLITICO. Retrieved 2021-09-18.
  24. ^ Overview — UNCLASSIFIED MISCELLANEOUS (IX) Unitsmilitaryperiscope.com
  25. ^ Unclassified auxiliary ships navsource.org
  26. ^ Unclassified (IX): Special Typesshipscribe.com

Bibliography

  • Cutler, Deborah W.; Cutler, Thomas J. (2005). Dictionary of Naval Terms (6 ed.). Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1591141501.
  • Morris, Christopher G. (1992). Academic Press Dictionary of Science and Technology (1 ed.). Academic Press. p. 192. ISBN 978-0127356327. role of auxiliary vessels.

External links

  •   Media related to Auxiliary ships at Wikimedia Commons

January 12, 2023
auxiliary, ship, this, article, multiple, issues, please, help, improve, discuss, these, issues, talk, page, learn, when, remove, these, template, messages, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding. This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Auxiliary ship news newspapers books scholar JSTOR October 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view of the subject You may improve this article discuss the issue on the talk page or create a new article as appropriate May 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia s quality standards The specific problem is This article contains a large amount of unsourced content and grammatical errors Please help improve this article if you can September 2021 Learn how and when to remove this template message Learn how and when to remove this template message An auxiliary ship is a naval ship designed to support combatant ships and other naval operations 1 Auxiliary ships are not primary combatant vessels though they may have some limited combat capacity usually for purposes of self defense 2 3 German Navy Berlin class replenishment ship Auxiliary ships are extremely important for navies of all sizes because if they were not present the primary fleet vessels would be unsupported Thus virtually every navy maintains an extensive fleet of auxiliary ships However the composition and size of these auxiliary fleets vary depending on the nature of each navy and its primary mission Smaller coastal navies tend to have smaller auxiliary vessels focusing primarily on littoral and training support roles Larger blue water navies tend to have larger auxiliary fleets comprising longer range fleet support vessels designed to provide support far beyond territorial waters 4 Contents 1 Roles 1 1 Replenishment 1 2 Transport 1 3 Repair 1 4 Harbor 1 5 Support 1 6 Research 1 7 Hospital 1 8 Unclassified auxiliary ship 2 See also 3 References 3 1 Notes 3 2 Bibliography 4 External linksRoles Edit Royal Canadian Navy auxiliary oiler HMCS Preserver during New York fleet week 2009 Australian oiler HMAS Sirius refueling USS Essex June 2007 American cargo ship USNS Furman 1981 American repair ship USS Vulcan June 1992 German tugboat Wangerooge 2005 Australian survey ship HMAS Leeuwin December 2013 US Navy barracks ship APL 61 in 2003 Replenishment Edit Main article Replenishment oiler One of the most direct ways that auxiliary ships support the fleet is by providing underway replenishment also known as replenishment at sea to major fleet units This allow the fleet to remain in the same location with the replenishment vessels bringing up fuel ammunition food and supplies from shore to the fleet wherever it is operating Oilers replenishment tanker are vessels specifically designed to bring fuel oil to the fleet while the earlier colliers supplied coal burning steamships Specific role replenishment vessels include Combat stores ship depot ship general stores issue ship and ammunition ship Tenders are specifically designed to support a type of smaller naval unit like submarines destroyer and seaplanes providing a mobile base of operations for these units specifically destroyer tenders submarine tenders seaplane tenders torpedo boat tenders 5 6 Transport Edit Main article Attack transport Supporting front line operating bases requires immense transportation capacity Transport ships are often converted merchant ships simply commissioned APA APD APH APV into naval service Tankers are transports specifically designed to ship fuel to forward locations Transport ships are often employed not only carrying cargo for naval support but in support of all forces of a nation s military AK AKA AKN AKR AKS In particular troopships and attack transports are used to carry a large number of soldiers to operational theatres Some transport ships are highly specialized like the ammunition ships employed by the US Navy 7 Large ocean tugs AT ATO ATF ATA ATR are used to tow large auxiliary ships like barges floating repair docks and floating cranes in the open sea also disabled ships 18 Repair Edit Main article Repair ship Repairing ships at sea or in conflict areas is important as it allows these vessels to return to service more quickly while also increasing the chance of survival for ships critically damaged in battle Repair vessels US Navy AR ARB ARC ARG ARH ARL ARV range from small equipment ships to Auxiliary repair docks and larger Auxiliary floating drydock Aircraft repair ships specialized in repair of naval aircraft 19 Harbor Edit Main articles Type V ship and Type B ship Harbor support is a critical support role with various types of vessels including tugboats barges lighter barges derrick crane vessels and others used to move ships and equipment around the port facilities and depot ships and tends to service ships currently in the harbor These vessels also help maintain the harbor by dredging channels maintaining jetties and buoys and even providing floating platforms for port defenses In US Navy tugboats are type YT YTB YTM YTL or a Type V ship 20 and barges are classified as a Type B ship or YF YFN YFR and YFRN 21 Support Edit Radar picket to increase the radar detection range around a force Communications Relay Ships AGMR are floating communications stations Tracking ship or Range Instrumentation Ship AGM are equipped with antennas and electronics to support the launching and tracking of missiles and rockets Command ship AGF are flagships of the commander of a fleet Wind class icebreaker AGB WAGB are support ships Rescue and salvage ship and Submarine rescue ship ASR for surface support ship for ship and submarine rescue Barracks ship or Auxiliary Personal Living APL are vessels barges for service men to live on Research Edit A wide variety of vessels are employed for research AGTR AGM Environmental Research Ships AGER Hydrofoil Research Ships AGEH and survey primarily to provide a navy with a better understanding of its operating environment or to assist in testing new technologies for employment in other vessels 22 Hospital Edit Main article Hospital ship Hospital ships are able to provide medical care in remote locations to personnel 23 Unclassified auxiliary ship Edit Main article List of unclassified miscellaneous vessels of the United States Navy The US Navy also used an unclassified miscellaneous auxiliary ship classification The unclassified miscellaneous auxiliary ship classification is IX An unclassified miscellaneous auxiliary ship can be a new ship without a classified role or a ship that does not fit into a standard category or a ship that had been removed from its classification 24 25 26 See also EditList of auxiliaries of the United States Navy List of auxiliary ship classes in service Service Squadron US Naval Advance BasesReferences EditNotes Edit Cutler and Cutler p 16 Morris p 192 Ship Abbreviations and Symbolsnavy mil Navy Ships Turning Over Auxiliary Ship Operations to the Military Sealift Command Could Save Millionsdtic mil Submarine Tenders AS shipbuildinghistory com Retrieved 2019 01 23 Other Auxiliaries AGB AGC AGDS AGEH AGER AGF AGM AGMR AGP AGR AGTR shipbuildinghistory com Retrieved 2019 01 23 Royal Fleet Auxiliary ship makes last Plymouth call BBC News 2011 02 01 Retrieved 2021 09 18 Ocean Tugs AT ATO ATF ATA ATR shipbuildinghistory com Retrieved 2019 01 23 Oilers AO shipbuildinghistory com Retrieved 2019 01 23 Combat Logistics Resupply Ships AC AE AF AFS AKE AOE AOR shipbuildinghistory com Retrieved 2019 01 23 Cargo Ships AK AKA AKN AKS shipbuildinghistory com Retrieved 2019 01 23 Gasoline Tankers AOG shipbuildinghistory com Retrieved 2019 01 23 Destroyer Tenders AD shipbuildinghistory com Retrieved 2019 01 23 Aviation Support Ships AV AVP AVS shipbuildinghistory com Retrieved 2019 01 23 Miscellaneous Auxiliaries AG shipbuildinghistory com Retrieved 2019 01 23 Troop Transports AP shipbuildinghistory com Retrieved 2019 01 23 Attack and Other Transports APA APD APH APV shipbuildinghistory com Retrieved 2019 01 23 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Floating Dry Docks AFDB AFDM AFDL ARD ARDM YFD shipbuildinghistory com 30 April 2015 Retrieved 8 January 2019 Yard Tugs Wartime YT YTB YTM YTL shipbuildinghistory com Retrieved 2019 01 23 Freight Lighters Wartime YF YFN YFND YFR YFRN YFRT shipbuildinghistory com Retrieved 2019 01 23 Other Auxiliaries AGB AGC AGDS AGF AGM AGMR AGP AGR shipbuildinghistory com Retrieved 2019 01 23 Custodio Jonathan U S transport ship and field hospitals heading to Haiti for quake relief POLITICO Retrieved 2021 09 18 Overview UNCLASSIFIED MISCELLANEOUS IX Unitsmilitaryperiscope com Unclassified auxiliary ships navsource org Unclassified IX Special Typesshipscribe com Bibliography Edit Cutler Deborah W Cutler Thomas J 2005 Dictionary of Naval Terms 6 ed Naval Institute Press ISBN 978 1591141501 Morris Christopher G 1992 Academic Press Dictionary of Science and Technology 1 ed Academic Press p 192 ISBN 978 0127356327 role of auxiliary vessels External links Edit Media related to Auxiliary ships at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Auxiliary ship amp oldid 1132946234, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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