Because the definition of a mountain is not universally agreed, a distinction is made between main summits and other peaks. Subsidiary summits or subpeaks are not counted. In the Alps a summit is classed as independent, according to the UIAA definition, if it has a prominence of 30 metres or more. In order for a peak to qualify as an independent mountain, however, it must have a prominence of at least 300 metres.[1] Based on this definition only the main summits of entire mountain massifs are counted. All elevations with a prominence below 30 metres are considered as subpeaks.[2]
By these definitions, the highest mountains in Germany are the Zugspitze (2,962 m), Hochwanner (2,746 m) and Watzmann (Middle Peak, 2,713 m). If all independent summits are counted, the Zugspitze is followed by the Schneefernerkopf (2,875 m) and the Middle Wetterspitze (2,747 m) in places two and three. Both are however, part of the Zugspitze massif and lie relatively close to the summit of the Zugspitze itself.
The highest mountain which lies entirely on German soil is the Watzmann with a height of 2,713 metres, followed by the Hochkalter (2,607 m), the Großer Daumen (2,280 m) and the Höfats (2,259 m). Likewise fully on German territory, but considerably less independent, are the Middle Höllentalspitze (2,742 m) and the Hochblassen (2,703 m).
A majority of the summits were verifiably climbed in the 19th century; the Watzmann and Hoher Göll for example as early as 1800. The Zugspitze was officially climbed for the first time in 1820. However, there are many peaks of which it is suspected had been climbed in earlier times by unknown climbers.
Because the borders of Germany have often changed during the course of the centuries, there were different "highest mountains" in the past. For example, during the time of the Holy Roman Empire up to 1806, the Ortler in present-day South Tyrol, at 3,905 m, was the highest German mountain. During the colonial period to 1918 Mount Kilimanjaro in the colony of German East Africa, at 5,895 m, was officially the highest mountain of the German Reich. During the Nazi era from 1938 to 1945 this title went to the Großglockner which, at 3,797 m, is today the highest mountain in Austria.
Ranking: The ranking of the peak within Germany in terms of height.
Photograph: Photograph of the mountain.
Peak: Name of the peak.
Height: Height of the mountain in metres.
Mountain range: Mountain range in which the mountain lies.
Massif: (table 1) Gives the name of the massif to which the mountain belongs. If the massif is named after a linked main peak, the link is omitted here.
Location: (table 2) DE = mountain lies entirely on German territory; DE/AT = mountain lies in the area of the border between Germany and Austria, but the peak at least is on German state territory.
Isolation: The isolation describes the radius of the area which the mountain dominates. Given in kilometres including the reference point.
Prominence: The prominence is the height difference between height of the summit and the highest point to which one must descend in order to climb a higher peak. Given in metres including the reference point.
First climb: Name of the first climber and date. Empty field indicates that the first climber or the date is not known.
There may be differences in data from other sources. The tables use the tables of the German height reference system, based on height above Normalnull (~sea level) in Amsterdam, and data from the Bavarian Survey Office (Bayerischen Vermessungsverwaltung).[3]
The highest summitsedit
Table 1 below shows the 30 highest independent summits in Germany. A summit or peak requires a prominence of over 30 metres in order to count as independent.
By clicking on the symbols at the head of the table the individual columns may be sorted.
1 First recorded climb. Historic maps from the 18th century suggest that the Zugspitze had already been climbed before 1770.[5]
2 Year of the first complete crossing of the Jubiläums arête.
3 Exact value unknown as no survey has been carried out. Estimate based on contours from a topographical map.
4 First recorded climb. It is possible that it had been climbed during survey work in 1818 or work by a border commission in 1835
5 As part of a survey
The highest mountainsedit
Table 2 below shows the 21 highest mountains in Germany. A mountain is considered to be the main summit of a massif if its prominence is more than 300 metres.
By clicking the symbols at the head of the table the individual column may be sorted.
Kompass Wander-, Bike and Skitourenkarte: Blatt 03 Oberstdorf, Kleinwalsertal (1:25.000). Kompass-Karten, Innsbruck 2009, ISBN978-3-85491-231-6
Kompass Wander-, Bike and Skitourenkarte: Blatt 25 Zugspitze, Mieminger Kette (1:50.000). Kompass-Karten, Innsbruck 2008, ISBN978-3-85491-026-8
External linksedit
Bayern-Viewer 27 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine: Online map material for the Federal State of Bavaria
January 01, 1970
list, highest, mountains, germany, this, list, highest, mountains, germany, these, mountains, located, federal, state, bavaria, they, within, alps, region, known, eastern, alps, part, northern, limestone, alps, majority, belong, mountain, ranges, wetterstein, . This is a list of the highest mountains in Germany All of these mountains are located in the federal state of Bavaria They lie within the Alps in the region known as the Eastern Alps and are part of the Northern Limestone Alps The majority belong to the mountain ranges of the Wetterstein Berchtesgaden Alps and Allgau Alps Location of the highest major summits in Germany Because the definition of a mountain is not universally agreed a distinction is made between main summits and other peaks Subsidiary summits or subpeaks are not counted In the Alps a summit is classed as independent according to the UIAA definition if it has a prominence of 30 metres or more In order for a peak to qualify as an independent mountain however it must have a prominence of at least 300 metres 1 Based on this definition only the main summits of entire mountain massifs are counted All elevations with a prominence below 30 metres are considered as subpeaks 2 By these definitions the highest mountains in Germany are the Zugspitze 2 962 m Hochwanner 2 746 m and Watzmann Middle Peak 2 713 m If all independent summits are counted the Zugspitze is followed by the Schneefernerkopf 2 875 m and the Middle Wetterspitze 2 747 m in places two and three Both are however part of the Zugspitze massif and lie relatively close to the summit of the Zugspitze itself The highest mountain which lies entirely on German soil is the Watzmann with a height of 2 713 metres followed by the Hochkalter 2 607 m the Grosser Daumen 2 280 m and the Hofats 2 259 m Likewise fully on German territory but considerably less independent are the Middle Hollentalspitze 2 742 m and the Hochblassen 2 703 m A majority of the summits were verifiably climbed in the 19th century the Watzmann and Hoher Goll for example as early as 1800 The Zugspitze was officially climbed for the first time in 1820 However there are many peaks of which it is suspected had been climbed in earlier times by unknown climbers Because the borders of Germany have often changed during the course of the centuries there were different highest mountains in the past For example during the time of the Holy Roman Empire up to 1806 the Ortler in present day South Tyrol at 3 905 m was the highest German mountain During the colonial period to 1918 Mount Kilimanjaro in the colony of German East Africa at 5 895 m was officially the highest mountain of the German Reich During the Nazi era from 1938 to 1945 this title went to the Grossglockner which at 3 797 m is today the highest mountain in Austria Contents 1 Key 2 The highest summits 3 The highest mountains 4 See also 5 References 6 Literature 7 External linksKey editRanking The ranking of the peak within Germany in terms of height Photograph Photograph of the mountain Peak Name of the peak Height Height of the mountain in metres Mountain range Mountain range in which the mountain lies Massif table 1 Gives the name of the massif to which the mountain belongs If the massif is named after a linked main peak the link is omitted here Location table 2 DE mountain lies entirely on German territory DE AT mountain lies in the area of the border between Germany and Austria but the peak at least is on German state territory Isolation The isolation describes the radius of the area which the mountain dominates Given in kilometres including the reference point Prominence The prominence is the height difference between height of the summit and the highest point to which one must descend in order to climb a higher peak Given in metres including the reference point First climb Name of the first climber and date Empty field indicates that the first climber or the date is not known There may be differences in data from other sources The tables use the tables of the German height reference system based on height above Normalnull sea level in Amsterdam and data from the Bavarian Survey Office Bayerischen Vermessungsverwaltung 3 The highest summits editTable 1 below shows the 30 highest independent summits in Germany A summit or peak requires a prominence of over 30 metres in order to count as independent By clicking on the symbols at the head of the table the individual columns may be sorted Ranking Photograph Peak Height m Mountain range Massif Isolation km Prominence m First climb 1 nbsp Zugspitze 2 962 Wetterstein Zugspitze 24 6 Acherkogel 1 746 West of the Fernpass 27 08 1820 Josef Naus Johann Georg Tauschl Acolyte Maier1 2 nbsp Schneefernerkopf 2 874 Wetterstein Zugspitze 1 7 Zugspitze 175 Schneeferner wind gap 1871 Hermann von Barth 3 nbsp Middle Wetterspitze 2 750 Wetterstein Zugspitze 0 6 Schneefernerkopf 67 Wind gap to the Schneefernerkopf 4 nbsp Hochwanner 2 744 Wetterstein Hochwanner 5 5 Zugspitze 701 Feldernjochl 1870 Hermann von Barth 5 nbsp Middle Hollentalspitze 2 743 Wetterstein Zugspitze 1 6 Zugspitze 116 Jubilaum arete wind gap to the Zugspitze 1871 Hermann von Barth 6 nbsp Inner Hollentalspitze 2 741 Wetterstein Zugspitze 0 6 Middle Hollentalspitze 90 Wind gap to the Middle Hollentalspitze 09 09 1871 Hermann von Barth 7 nbsp Outer Hollentalspitze 2 720 Wetterstein Zugspitze 0 6 Middle Hollentalspitze 35 3 Wind gap to the Middle Hollentalspitze 1871 Hermann von Barth 8 nbsp Watzmann Middle Peak 2 713 Berchtesgaden Alps Watzmann 15 9 Hochseiler 939 Trischubel Pass Aug 1800 Valentin Stanic 9 nbsp Watzmann South Peak 2 712 Berchtesgaden Alps Watzmann 0 8 Watzmann Middle Peak 110 3 Watzmann arete wind gap 1832 Peter Carl Thurwieser 10 nbsp Hochblassen 2 703 Wetterstein Zugspitze 1 1 Outer Hollentalspitze 143 Falsche Griesskar wind gap 25 08 1871 Hermann von Barth Peter Klaisl 11 nbsp Wetterwandeck 2 698 Wetterstein Zugspitze 0 5 Southern Wetterspitze 30 Wind gap to the Eastern Wetterspitze 12 nbsp Leutascher Dreitorspitze 2 682 Wetterstein Dreitorspitze 5 2 Hochwanner 346 Western Wang wind gap 07 08 1871 Hermann von Barth 13 nbsp Eastern Plattspitze 2 680 Wetterstein Zugspitze 1 1 Wetterwandeck 204 Wetter wind gap 1871 Hermann von Barth 14 Hinterreintalschrofen 2 669 Wetterstein Hochwanner 1 5 Hochwanner 109 Teufel arete wind gap to the Hochwanner 01 09 1871 Hermann von Barth 15 nbsp Hochfrottspitze 2 649 Allgau Alps Hohes Licht 2 2 Hohes Licht 203 Sock valley wind gap 16 06 1869 Hermann von Barth 16 nbsp Madelegabel 2 645 Allgau Alps Hohes Licht 0 4 Hochfrottspitze 81 Wind gap to the Hochfrottspitze 1852 Oskar Sendtner 4 4 17 nbsp Partenkirchner Dreitorspitze 2 633 Wetterstein Dreitorspitze 0 5 Leutascher Dreitorspitze 100 3 Wind gap to the Leutascher Dreitorspitze 20 07 1854 Jakob Grasegger Karl Kiendl 18 nbsp Alpspitze 2 628 Wetterstein Zugspitze 0 8 Hochblassen 165 Griesskar wind gap 1825 J Burger 19 Vollkarspitze 2 618 Wetterstein Zugspitze 0 5 Hochblassen 40 3 Wind gap to the Hollentalspitzen 1897 Ferdinand Henning2 20 nbsp Bockkarkopf 2 609 Allgau Alps Hohes Licht 0 6 Hochfrottspitze 106 Bockkar wind gap 21 nbsp Hochkalter 2 607 Berchtesgaden Alps Hochkalter 4 5 Watzmann 621 Wimbach wind gap 22 nbsp Northeastern Dreitorspitze 2 605 Wetterstein Dreitorspitze 0 2 Dreitorspitze 40 3 Wind gap to the Dreitorspitze 23 nbsp Biberkopf 2 599 Allgau Alps Biberkopf 3 5 Hohes Licht 337 Grosse Stein wind gap 1853 5 24 nbsp Trettachspitze 2 595 Allgau Alps Hohes Licht 0 4 Madelegabel 140 3 Wind gap to the Madelegabel Aug 1855 Urban Alois and Mathias Jochum 25 nbsp Grosser Hundstod 2 593 Berchtesgaden Alps Grosser Hundstod 4 5 Watzmann 474 Diessbach wind gap 1825 Karl Thurwieser 26 nbsp Hochvogel 2 592 Allgau Alps Hochvogel 5 4 Urbeleskarspitze 572 Hornbachjoch 1832 Trobitus 27 nbsp Funtenseetauern 2 578 Berchtesgaden Alps Selbhorn 4 Selbhorn 220 Hochbrunnsulzen ca 1865 Johann Grill Albert Kaindl 28 nbsp Ofnerspitze 2 576 Allgau Alps Grosser Krottenkopf 0 7 Grosser Krottenkopf 161 3 Wind gap to the Grossen Krottenkopf 1854 5 29 nbsp Schusselkarspitze 2 551 Wetterstein Dreitorspitze 0 3 Leutascher Dreitorspitze 60 3 Wind gap to the Leutascher Dreitorspitze 1894 A Moser O Schuster 30 nbsp Krottenspitze 2 551 Allgau Alps Grosser Krottenkopf 0 3 Ofnerspitze 78 Wind gap to the Ofnerspitze 1 First recorded climb Historic maps from the 18th century suggest that the Zugspitze had already been climbed before 1770 5 2 Year of the first complete crossing of the Jubilaums arete 3 Exact value unknown as no survey has been carried out Estimate based on contours from a topographical map 4 First recorded climb It is possible that it had been climbed during survey work in 1818 or work by a border commission in 1835 5 As part of a surveyThe highest mountains editTable 2 below shows the 21 highest mountains in Germany A mountain is considered to be the main summit of a massif if its prominence is more than 300 metres By clicking the symbols at the head of the table the individual column may be sorted Ranking Photograph Peak Height m Mountain range4 Location Isolation km Prominence m First climb on 1 nbsp Zugspitze 2 962 Wetterstein DE AT 24 6 Acherkogel 1 746 West of the Fernpass Josef Naus Johann Georg Tauschl Acolyte Maier1 27 08 1820 2 nbsp Hochwanner 2 744 Wetterstein DE AT 5 5 Zugspitze 701 Feldernjochl Hermann von Barth 1870 3 nbsp Watzmann Middle Peak 2 713 Berchtesgaden Alps DE 15 9 Hochseiler 939 Trischubel Pass Valentin Stanic Aug 1800 4 nbsp Leutascher Dreitorspitze 2 682 Wetterstein DE AT 5 2 Hochwanner 346 Western Wang wind gap Hermann von Barth 07 08 1871 5 nbsp Hochkalter 2 607 Berchtesgaden Alps DE 4 5 Watzmann 621 Wimbach wind gap 6 nbsp Biberkopf 2 599 Allgau Alps DE AT 3 5 Hohes Licht 337 Grosse Stein wind gap 1853 2 7 nbsp Grosser Hundstod 2 593 Berchtesgaden Alps DE AT 4 5 Watzmann 474 Diessbach wind gap Karl Thurwieser 1825 8 nbsp Hochvogel 2 592 Allgau Alps DE AT 5 4 Urbeleskarspitze 572 Hornbachjoch Trobitus 1832 9 nbsp Ostliche Karwendelspitze 2 538 Karwendel DE AT 3 5 Middle Odkarspitze 736 Hochalm Saddle Hermann von Barth 04 07 1870 10 nbsp Hocheisspitze 2 523 Berchtesgaden Alps DE AT 3 Hochkalter 410 Sittersbach wind gap Hermann von Barth 06 09 1868 11 nbsp Hoher Goll 2 522 Berchtesgaden Alps DE AT 11 4 Watzmann 788 Torrener Joch Valentin Stanic 04 09 1800 12 nbsp Hochkarspitze 2 482 Karwendel DE AT 42 Pleisenspitze 661 Baralp Saddle Hermann von Barth 1870 13 nbsp Grosses Teufelshorn 2 361 Berchtesgaden Alps DE AT 3 8 Reisshorn 339 Bluhnbachtorl 14 nbsp Kahlersberg 2 350 Berchtesgaden Alps DE AT 4 8 Grosses Teufelshorn 335 3 East of the Hintere Barengrube F v Schilcher G Helblehen 1854 15 nbsp Stadelhorn 2 286 Berchtesgaden Alps DE AT 5 2 Wasserwandkopf 1 133 Hirschbichl Pass Karl Thurwieser 1825 16 nbsp Grosser Daumen 2 280 Allgau Alps DE 6 4 Kesselspitze 350 Hofatsblick summit station 17 nbsp Hofats 2 257 Allgau Alps DE 2 7 Grosser Wilder 477 Alple Saddle Otto Sendtner 1848 18 nbsp Soiernspitze 2 257 Karwendel DE 3 8 Worner 833 West of the Vereiner Alm 19 nbsp Hoher Ifen 2 229 Allgau Alps DE AT 7 7 Elferkopf 476 Gerach Saddle 20 nbsp Grosse Arnspitze 2 196 Wetterstein DE AT 3 9 Upper Wetterstein peak 1 003 Northwest of Neuleutasch 21 nbsp Kreuzspitze 2 185 Ammergau Alps DE 10 6 Daniel 1 182 Upper Schellbach valley 1 First recorded climb Historic maps from the 18th century suggest that the Zugspitze had already been climbed before 1770 5 2 As part of a survey 3 Exact value not known because it has not been surveyed Estimate based on contours from a topographical map See also edit nbsp Alps portal nbsp Mountains portal List of mountain and hill ranges in Germany List of the highest mountains in Austria List of mountains in the Elbe Sandstone Mountains List of mountains of the HarzReferences edit Or a prominence of 100m according to other authorities The Viertausender of the Alpen Offizielles UIAA Verzeichnis PDF in German UIAA March 1994 Retrieved 7 May 2009 Bayerische Vermessungsverwaltung Bayernviewer Bayerische Staatsregierung Archived from the original on 27 March 2009 Retrieved 19 May 2009 Von Abenteurern and Bergpionieren allgaeuer anzeigeblatt de 2005 Archived from the original on 18 July 2011 Retrieved 6 May 2009 a b Andrea Handel 2006 Historische Zugspitzkarte alpenverein de Archived from the original on 11 March 2007 Retrieved 6 May 2009 Literature editDAV Karte 4 3 Wetterstein und Mieminger Kette eastern sheet 1 25 000 2005 DAV Karte 5 1 Karwendel western sheet 1 25 000 2005 DAV Karte 5 2 Karwendel middle sheet 1 25 000 2000 DAV Karte 10 1 Steinernes Meer 1 25 000 2006 Kompass Wander Bike and Skitourenkarte Blatt 3 Allgau Alps Kleinwalsertal 1 50 000 Kompass Karten Innsbruck 2005 ISBN 978 3 85491 005 3 Kompass Wander Bike and Skitourenkarte Blatt 03 Oberstdorf Kleinwalsertal 1 25 000 Kompass Karten Innsbruck 2009 ISBN 978 3 85491 231 6 Kompass Wander Bike and Skitourenkarte Blatt 25 Zugspitze Mieminger Kette 1 50 000 Kompass Karten Innsbruck 2008 ISBN 978 3 85491 026 8External links editBayern Viewer Archived 27 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine Online map material for the Federal State of Bavaria Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title List of highest mountains of Germany amp oldid 1212412841, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
