List of rulers of Shan states

The Shan State, a state of Myanmar (also known as Burma), was once made up of a large number of traditional monarchies or fiefdoms. These are collectively known as Shan States.

The Shan states

Ranks of rulers edit

Three ranks of chiefs were recognized by the King of Burma and later by the British administration. These ranks were:

Saopha (Shan for king or chieftain) or Sawbwa (in Burmese)
Myosa (Myoza), "duke" or chief of town.
Ngwegunhmu, silver revenue chief.

Hierarchy and precedence edit

The distinction in the titles dates from the days of the Burmese monarchy although the same states have not continued to hold the same titles for their chiefs during the centuries -- changes took place according to royal favour, results of battles and later, the decisions of the British authorities. The privileges and titles were so much a matter of royal ordinance that every one of a Sawbwa's symbols of power was laid down in a special book of dispensations granted by the higher court. His regalia and clothes, the guilding and jewel decoration of betel boxes, spittoons, fly-whisks and such articles of use, the dress of ministers, the umbrellas, spears and horses in procession, the caparisoning of the royal elephant, the instruments for processional music, the gateways and the style of residence, all were rigidly prescribed to ensure that the dignity kept up accordance with the status of a royal chieftain, yet did not encroach on the special privileges reserved for the court of Ava itself. The British, whose success in administration was largely bound up with observance, of precedence in a hierarchy, listed states also as Sawbaships, Myosaships and Ngwegunhmuships.

The following lists the Sawbwas in order of the precedence, at the time of the British annexation of the Shan States.

State	Area (sq. mi)	Classical name	Notes
Sawbwas
Kengtung	12,400	Khemaraṭṭha
Hsipaw	4,524	Duṭṭhavatī
Mongnai	2,717	Saturambha/Nandapwa
Yawnghwe	1,392	Kambojaraṭṭha
Tawngpeng	800	Pappatasara
South Hsenwi	2,400	Siwirata or Kawsampi	Also known as Mongyai
North Hsenwi	6,330	Siwirata or Kawsampi
Mongmit	3,733	Gandhalaraṭṭha
Mongpai	730
Lawksawk	2,362	Kambojaraṭṭha
Laikha	1,560	Hansawadi
Mawkmai	2,557	Lawkawadi
Mongpan	2,988	Dhannawadi
Mongpawn	366	Rajjawadi
Manglun		Jambularaṭṭha
Kantarawadi	3,015
Samka	314
Mongkung	1,593	Lankawadi
Mongkawng		Udigirirata	Kingdom of Nora(Mogaung)
Mongyang		Ahluwipurata
Myosas
Nawngwawn	28	Pokkharawadi	Amalgamated with Mong Pawn, 1931
Mongnawng	1,646	Nandawadi
Mongsit
Kehsi-bansam	551
Mawnang			Amalgamated with Hsamongkham, 1934
Loilong (Pinlaung)	1,098
Hsahtung	471
Wanyin	219
Hopong	212
Namkhok	108		Amalgamated with Mong Pawn, 1931
Sakoi	82
Mongshu	470	Hansawadi
Kenglun	54		Amalgamated with Kehsh Bansam, 1926
Bawlake	565
Kyetbogyi	700
Hsamongkham	449
Baw	741
Pwehla	178
Ngwegunhmus
Yengan (Ywangan)	359
Pangtara (Pindaya)	86
Pangmi	30
Loi-ai	156		Amalgamated with Hsamongkham, 1930
Kyaukku	76		Amalgamated with Pwehla, 1928
Loimaw	48		Amalgamated with Yawnghwe, 1928
Kyone	24
Namtok	14		Amalgamated with Loilong, 1931

Shan states edit

Maw (Baw) edit

Last Sawbwa – Sao Hkun Aung

Hopong (Hopon) edit

Rulers (title Ngwegunhmu)

1783–1818 Hkun Kya
1818–1833 Hkun Sin
1833–1844 Hkun Nun
1845 Hkun La
1845–1851 Hkun Lin
1851–1885 Hkun Ti

Rulers (title Myoza)

1885–1893 Hkun Wara
1893–1900 Hkun Tse
1900–1952 Hkun Law (b. 1896 - d. ....)

Hsahtung (Thaton) edit

1781-? Hkun Samu
? Descendants of Hkun Samu
1839 – ? Hkun Kyaw Le
?
? – 1905 Hkun Law
1905–1930 Sao Hkun Sing
1930–1957 Sao Hkun Kyi
1957–1959 Sao Aung Myint

Hsamönghkam (Thamaingkan) edit

Founded before 1700 and under a Myosa, its known rulers were:

1807–18.. Maung Shwe Pon
1825–1834 Maung Shwe E (1st time)
1834–18.. Maung Me (1st time)
18..–1847 Maung Shwe E (2nd time)
1847–1848 Maung Me (2nd time)
1848–1867 Maung Shwe Min (1st time)
1867 Maung Lin (1st time)
1867–18.. Maung Tha U
18..–1876 Maung Kyi
1876–18.. Maung Lin (2nd time)
18..–1885 Maung Su Ka
1885–1886 Maung Shwe Min (2nd time)
1886–19.. Maung Hpo

Last – Sao Htun Aye aka. Aungban Sawbwa

Hsawnghsup (Thaungdut) edit

Founded before 1858 under a Saopha, it ceased to exist in 1893. The rulers were:

Saophas :

1250 - 1270 Hso Sang Hpa, the son of Hso Kyaw Hpa of Mongyang State
1270 - 1298 Hso Hkarm Hpa son
1298 - 1316 Hso Suang Hpa son
1316 - 1350 Hso Saap Hpa son
1350 - 1380 Hso Soet Hpa son
1380 - 1412 Hso Soeng Hpa younger brother
1412 - 1436 Hso Kyoeng Hpa son
1436 - 1445 Hso Hken Möng son
1445 - 1460 Hso Kaa Hpa son
1460 - 1474 Hso Kaan Möng son
1474 - 1498 Hso Ngum Hpa son
1498 - 1514 Hso Parn Möng son
1514 - 1532 Hso Bouk Hpa son
1532 - 1560 Sao Kyeng Tai nephew
1560 - 1580 Hkam Hkat Hpa uncle
1580 - 1612 Khek Khom Hpa (Hso Khek Hpa) son of Sao Kyeng Tai
1612 - 1628 Hso Kyaung Hpa son
1628 - 1650 Hso Kiao Hpa son
1650 - 1659 Hso Sai Hpa son
1659 - 1663 Hso Sum Hpa son
1663 - 1689 Hso Tawn Hpa son
1689 - 1703 Hso Thoen Hpa younger brother
1703 - 1727 Hso Hkloung Hpa son
1727 - 1746 Hso Hkawng Hpa son
1746 - 1757 Hso Pat Hpa younger brother
1757 - 1760 Hso Kaa Möng younger brother
1760 - 1767 Hso Naw Hpa younger brother
1767 - 1774 Hso Hklee Hpa son
1774 - 1782 Hso Hub Hpa cousin
1782 - 1813 Hso Ngam Hpa son
1813 - 1827 Ka Lai Hkam son of Hso Hklee Hpa
1827 - 1834 Hso Oum Hpa -Regent son of Hso Ngam Hpa
1834 - 22 Oct 1880 Sao Möng Hkam son
1880 - 1893 Sao Hkam Yang son
1893 - 1899 Sao Tai Lung younger brother
1899 - 1910 Sao Naw Hkam (b. 1860) son of Sao Möng Hkam
1910 - 1959 Sao Hkun Hsawng (last saopha) son

Hsenwi (Theinni) edit

Hsenwi sets its legendary foundation before 650. It was ruled by a Saopha and ceased to exist in March 1888, when it was split into North Hsenwi and South Hsenwi. The rulers were:

1) Hkun Lu Hkam 825-845
2) Hkun Lai Hkam 845-915 (bro)
3) Sao Tai Hkan Hpa 915-952
4) Sao Tai Pong 952-975
5) Sao Tai Long 975-1019
6) Sao Noi Hkè 1019-1028
7) Sao Noi Myen 1028-1076
8) Sao Noi Hsan 1076-1096
9) Hkun Hpang Hkam (Ai Hsawng) 1096-1127 (younger bro Yi Hsawng was Mongmit sawbwa and Hsam Hsawng was Monglong sawbwa)
10) Hkun Kang Hkam (North Hsenwi chronicle told this birth name of Hso Hkan Hpa) 1127-1152
11) Hso Hkan Hpa 1152-?
12) Hso Wat Hpa ?-1232
13) Hso Pem Hpa 1232-1255 (son)
14) Hkam Wat Hpa 1255-1274 (son)
15) Hso Hom Hpa 1274-1291 (bro)
16) Hso Yep Hpa 1291-1302
17) Hso Hom Hpa 1302-1320 (son of Hkam Wat Hpa)
18) Hkam Tet Hpa 1320-1356 (son)
19) Hkam Pem Hpa 1356-1369
20) Hkam Pöt Hpa 1369-1405
21) Hkam Hkai Hpa 1405-1426 (Pagan Kingdom invaded Hsenwi)
22) Hkam Hawt Hpa 1426-1444
23) Hkam Wat Hpa 1444-1459
24) Hkam Hep Hpa 1459-1522
25) Hkam Hsen Hpa 1522-1532
26) Hkam Hken Hpa 1532-1537
27) Hkam Pak Hpa 1537-1541
28) Hkam Hsen Löng Hpa 1541-1570
29) Hkam Hküng Hpa 1570-1632 (subjugation of Hsenwi Löng by Hso Hung Hpa Mong Mit sawbwa)
30) Hkam Hso Nan Hpa 1632-1640
31) Hkam Kai Noi Sao Kin (Hso Hsen Hpa) 1640-1651 (Have Hso Hung Hpa his son, Nang Hkam Höng his daught)
32) Hkam Hso Hung Hpa 1651-1680 (son)
33) Hso Sün Hpa 1680-1686
34) Hso Hüng Hpa (Hkam Li, Hso Naw Hpa) 1686-1721
35) Han Hpa Hko Hkam Höng 1721-1724
36) Hpawng Mawng Löng Hsunt Wat 1724-1730
37) Hkam Hsawng Hpa 1730-1746
38) Hkun Hseng Höng 1746-1750 (married with Nang Hseng Pu, the niece of Hke Sa Wa, Yawnghwe sawbwa)
39) Sao Mang Te 1750-1761 (bro)
40) Hkun Hseng Awng Tun 1761-1767
41) Myauk Win Hmu 1767-1770
42) Sayawaddy Wun 1770-1772
43) Set-taw Wun 1772-1773
44) U Têng Pöng Nya 1773-1776
Vacant 1776-1778
45) Hso Wei Hpa (Hswe Kön Cheng) 1778-1800 (his two daughters, Hseng Santa and Shin Hsansi became King Badon's queen consort)
46) Hso Kaw Hpa 1800-1815
47) Mogaung Wun 1815-1819
48) Sao Naw Möng 1819-1821
49) Hkun Hkam Hkawt 1821-1824
50) Sao Hkam Pak 1824-1827 (killed in first Burmese war)
51) Sao Hkam Nan 1827-1831 (bro)
52) Sao Hkun Mawng 1831-1838
53) Sao Hkam Lêng (Hso Hkan Hpa) 1838-1845
54) Hso Naw Hpa 1845-1853 1st time
55) Hso Nan Hpa 1853-1856
56) Sikkè Sinkadan 1856-1858
57) Sao Hpa Möng Hpo 1858-1860 1st time
58) Phagyi Wun 1860-1861
57) Sao Hpa Möng Hpo 1861-1862 2nd time
59) Bo Maü 1862-1863
57) Sao Hpa Möng Hpo 1863-1864 3rd time
60) Shwe Pyi Bo 1864-1866
61) U Ma Nga 1866-1867
54) Hso Naw Hpa 1867-1869 2nd time 2nd
62) Wundauk U Shwe Kyo 1869-1870 1st time
63) Sikkè U San Min 1870-1871
62) Wundauk U Shwe Kyo 1871-1873 2nd time
64) Win Hmu 1873-1874 54) Hso Naw Hpa 1874-1875 3rd time
65) Natsu Letya 1875-1876
54) Hso Naw Hpa 1876-1879 4th time (retired to Möng Sit in 1879)
66) Hkun Hsang Tön Höng 1879

North Hsenwi edit

Created in March 1888 from Hsenwi state. the main state was split into two, North and South Hsenwi.

Mar 1888 – x Hkun Hsang Tone Hung
1927 – 1959 Sao Hom Hpa

South Hsenwi edit

Created in March 1888 by the splitting of the Hsenwi state. The state is also known as Mong Yai. The rulers were:

1888 – 1913 Sao Naw Möng
1913 – 1946 Hso Hsawng Hpa
1946 – 1959 Hso Hom Hpa

Hsihkip (Thigyit) edit

Founded before 600, it ceased to exist in 1886, when it was incorporated into Yawnghwe. It was ruled by a Myosa and the rulers were:

1459–1501 Hkun Hkam Möng
1501–1515 Hkun Hkam Swe
1515–1542 Hkun Hkam Pawng
1542–1561 Hkun Hkam Bao
1561–1577 Hkun Hkam Kyaw
1577–1588 Hkun Hkam Kyunt
1588–1615 Sao Mwe Pung
1615–1653 Hkun Hkam Hung
1653–1677 Hkun Hkam Haad
1677–1700 Hkun Hkam Hun
1700–1725 Hkun Hkam Hub
1725–1734 Hkun Hkam Hug
1734–1746 Hkun Hkam Ku
1746–1757 Hkun Hkam Saw
1757–1764 Mai Ngaan Möng
1764–1782 Hkun Hkam Nyit
1782–1800 Hkun Hkam Hpin
1800–1808 Hkun Hkam Kyaung
1808–1814 Hkun Hkam Hawt
1814–1818 Hkun Hkam Daeng
1818–1829 Hkun Hkam Done
1829–1834 Hkun Hkam Hsawt
1834–1837 Hkun Hkam Hmom
1837–1840 Hkun Hkam Lin
1840–1844 Hkun Hkam Nyunt
1844–1848 Hkun Hkam Kyawt
1848–1851 Hkun Hkam Yawt
1851–1862 Hkun Hkam Yon
1863–1870 Hkun Hkam Oum
1870–1886 Hkun Hkam Hnya

Hsipaw (Thibaw) edit

Founded, according to legend, in 58 BC, it was ruled by a Saopha. Its formal name was Dutawadi. For the state capital see Thibaw.

First saopha came from Möng Mao start ruled since 58 BC, Hsipaw had 86 saophas in list that seems the oldies city in Shan State

1) Sao Hkun Hkam Naw 58BC-23BC
2) Sao Hkun Hkam Kaw 23BC-10 son
3) Sao Hkam Kawt 10-36 son
4) Sao Hkam Htawt 36-72 bro
5) Sao Hkam Möng 72-110 son
6) Sao Hkam Ung 110-127 bro
7) Sao Hkam Sung 127-171 bro
8) Sao Hkam Kio 171-207 son
9) Paw Ai Phyao 207-237 Amat
10) Paw Pan Süng 237-237 son
11) Hso Hom Hpa 237-257 son of Sao Sam Mya of Mao Löng
12) Hso Wei Hpa 257-309 son
13) Hso Heb Hpa 309-347 son
14) name unknow 347-380 uncle
15) Hso Kern Hpa 380-420 son
16) Hso Pan Hpa 420-465 bro
17) Hso Hom Hpa 465-501 bro
18) Hso Pek Hpa 501-517 son
19) Hso Paw Hpa 517-552 bro
20) name unknow 552-574 nephew
21) Hso Peng Hpa 574-608 bro
22) Hso Kern Hpa 608-640 son
23) Hso Pan Hpa 640-687 bro
24) Hso Pek Hpa 687-711 bro
25) named unknow 711-739 bro
26) Hso Saw Hpa 739-761 son
27) Hso Hom Hpa 761-797 son
28) Hso Um Hpa 797-815 son
29) Hso Hat Hpa 815-860 son
30) Hso Kat Hpa 860-897 son
31) Hso Htam Hpa 897-912 son
32) name unknow 912-947 bro
33) Hso Hkan Hpa 947-954 son
34) Hso Paw Hpa 954-994 bro
35) Hso Mawk Hpa 994-1022 son
36) Hso Sum Hpa 1022-1028 son
37) Hso Sam Hpa 1028-1064 son
38) Hso Rit Hpa 1064-1086 nephew
39) Hso Hom Hpa 1086-1119 son
40) Hso Sum Hpa 1119-1137 son
41) Hso Hsawng Hpa 1137-1205 son
42) Sao Hkun Hso 1160-1205 son
43) Sawn Möng Hawna 1205-1228 bro
44) name unknow 1228-1276 son
45) Sao Hkun Pe 1276-1324 cousin
46) Hkun Kyaw Awng 1324-1367 bro
47) Hkun Kyaw Nwe 1367-1401 son
48) Sao Kern Hpa 1401-1423 son
49) Sao Loi San Hpa 1423-1438 nephew
50) Hso Wei Hpa 1438-1448 cousin
51) Hso Hom Hpa 1448-1454 son
52) name unknow 1454-1461 bro
53) Sao Peng Hpa 1461-1471 bro
54) Hso Pek Hpa 1471-1479 son
55) Hso Haw Hpa 1479-1487 bro
56) Hso Sum Hpa 1487-1519 bro
57) Sao Hkun Möng 1519-1547 son
58) Sao Hom Hpa 1547-1565 son
59) Hso Hom Hpa 1565-1584 son
60) Hso Hkai Hpa 1584-1597 son
61) Sao Hkam Leng 1597-1636 son
62) Sao Hswe Hking 1636-1655 son
63) Hso Sam Hpa 1655-1675 son
64) Hso Wei Hpa 1675-1702 son
65) Sao Okka Wara 1702-1714 bro
66) Sao Okka Zeya 1714-1718 bro
67) Sao Sam Myo 1718-1722 bro
68) Sao Hkun Neng 1722-1752 bro
69) Sao Sawra Yawta 1752-1767 son of Okka Wara
70) Sao Myat Hsan Te 1767-1788 son
71) Sao Hswe Kya 1788-1809 son
72) Hkun Hkwi 1809-1843 son
73) Hkun Paw 1843-1853 bro
74) Sao Kya Htun 1853-1858 son of Sao Hswe Kya
75) Hkun Myat Than 1858-1866 bro
76) Sao Kya Hkeng (Sao Hkun Hseng deposed 1882-86) (d. 1902) 1st time 1866-1882 son of Sao Kya Htun
77) Sao Hlaing Pa 1882-1886 son of King Mindon Min
78) Mar 1886-8 May 1902 Sao Kya Hkeng (Sao Hkun Hseng) 2nd time son of Sao Kya Htun
79) Sao Hkun Hke (b. 1872 - d. 1928) (from 2 Jan 1928, Sir Sao Hke) 8 May 1902-May 1928 son
80) Sao Ohn Kya (b. 1893 - d. 1938) 1928-Jul 1938 son
___Administered by British India 1938-1947___
81) Sao Kya Hseng (b. 1924 - d. 1962) 1947–1959 son.^[1]

Kalay edit

The state established on 3 February 966 by Nyaung-u Sawrahan King of Pagan ညောင်ဦး စောရဟန်း

Saophas :

Sao Yawt Hkam 966 – 999
Sao Han Möng 999 – 1021 younger brother of Sao Yawt Hkam
Sokkate 1021 – 1038 son of Sao Yawt Hkam + Mahadewi Tip Hseng Pan daughter of Sao Han Möng
Sao Paw Inn 1038 – 1066 son
Hso Min Chay 1066 – 1100 son
Min Chay-Hom 1100 – 1126 son
Min Chay-Hkum 1126 – 1147 son
Moe Min Chay 1147 – 1170 son
Min Chay-Gan 1170 – 1197 son
Min Chay-Htan 1197 – 1218 son
Min Chay-Faan 1218 – 1236 son
Min Chay-Fang 1236 – 1270 son
Min Chay-Hui 1270 – 1288 son
Nga Min-Chay 1288 – 1326 nephew
Min Chay-Htao 1326 – 1378 son
Min Chay-To 1378 – 1406 younger brother
Anawrahta of Launggyet (Gamani) c. 1406 – c. December 1406
Hso Kyaing Hpa c. December 1406 – November 1425 son of Hso Htan Hpa
Shan Say Hu 1425 – 1439 son
Thiri Zeya Thura of Taungdwin 1439 – 1450/51
Kaung Le Hpa 1450/51 – 1458/59 son of Shan Say Hu
Hso Le Hpa 1458/59 – 1480 son
Hso Kaung Hpa 1480–1486 son
Hso Hkawng Hpa 1486 – 1510 son
Hso Hkway Hpa 1510 – 1531 son
Hso Kiao Hpa 1531 – 1545 son
Hso Chi Hpa 1545 – 1598 son
Hso Gam Hpa 1598 – 1615 son
Hso Yam Hpa 1615 – 1631 son
Hso Htan Hpa 1631 – 1666 son
Hso Khaik Hpa 1666 – 1690 son
Hso Khom Hpa 1690 – 1713 son
Hso Tue Hpa 1713 – 1726 younger brother
Hso Kyuang Hpa 1726 – 1750 son
Hso Ke Hpa 1750–1780 son
Hso Wen Hpa 1780–1806 son
Hso Hai Hpa 1806 – 1834 son
Hso Won Hpa 1834 – 1856 son
Hso Lip Hpa 1856 – 1878 son
Hso Fai Hpa 1878 – 1926 son
Hso Ai Hpa 1926 – 1942 younger brother
Hso Hub Hpa 1942 – 1948 (last) son

Kehsi Mansam (Kyithi Bansan) edit

1860–1881 Hkun Yawt
1881–.... Hkun Yawt Seng

Kengcheng (Kyaingchaing) edit

1372–1422 Sao Deik Nwe
1422–1438 Kai Kaew Wak Hpa
1438–1446 Sao Krue Maing (son of Kai Kaew Wak Hpa)
1446–1472 Sao Hai Khaing (son of Sao Krue Maing)
1472–1496 Möng Phrom Maha Inn (son of Sao Hai Khaing)
1496–1510 Hkun Muen Hua Pan Na Sai (son of Möng Phrom Maha Inn)
1510–1516 Hla Inn Hta (younger brother of Möng Phrom Maha Inn)
1516–1527 Hsen Inn Hta (younger brother of Hla Inn Hta)
1527–1537 Naw Kaew Phoumma (son of Hla Inn Hta)
1537–1555 Thippayajak (son of Hsen Inn Hta)
1555–1593 Haw Kham Nwe (son of Naw Kaew Phoumma)
1593–1615 Hpaya Hkon Luang (son of Haw Hkam Nwe)
1615–1640 Hpaya Waen Jeed Luang (son of Hpaya Hkon Luang)
1640–1657 Sao Hkam Mai (son of Hpaya Waen Jeed Luang)
1657–1670 Sao Hkam Sai (son of Sao Hkam Mai)
1670–1676 Sao Malai (younger brother of Sao Hkam Sai)
1676–1709 Hsari Naw Hseng Kaew (son of Sao Hkam Mai)
1709–1740 Suwanwongwad (son of Sao Malai)
1740–1755 Sao Kam Chai (son of Hsari Naw Hseng Kaew)
1755–1771 Sao Inn Torn (son of Sao Kam Chai)
1771–1795 Sao Sa Hlaing Ratn (younger brother of Sao Inn Torn)
1795–1813 Khattiyawongsa (son of Sao Sa Hlaing Ratn)
1813–1849 Hpaya Möng Hkon (son of Khattiyawongsa)
1849–1859 Tippani Hkam (son of Hpaya Möng Hkon)
1872–1881 Sao Kawng Tai (from Kengtung)
1881–1882 Sao Hsiri Naw Hkam (son of Tippani Hkam)
1882–1892 Sao Ong Hkam (son of Sao Hsiri Naw Hkam) last saopha

Kenghkam (Kyaingkan) edit

Myosas:

1811–1854 Bodaw Sao Hkam Yi
1855–1864 Sao Hkun Mwe
1864–1870 Naw Hkam Leng
1870–1874 Incorporated into Möngnai
1874–1878 Sao Hkun Long
1878–1882 Incorporated into Möngnai
1882–188. Sao Naw Süng
188.–19.. Hkun Un

Kenglön (Kyainglon) edit

Myosas:

1857–1873 Maung Pwin
1873–1874 Naw Hkam U
1874–1888 Hkun Tawn
1888–19.. Hkun Mawng

Kengtung (Kyaingtong) edit

For the state capital see Kengtung.

1243–1247 Mang Khum (Delegate of Mang Rai, founder of Kengtung State)
1247–1253 Mang Khian
1253–1264 Sao Nam Tuam
1264–1317 Sao Nam Nan
1317–1324 Sao Hsam Muen Hwe
1324–1336 Sao Ai Lok
1342–1350 Sao Hsai Nan
1349–1366 Sao Hsai Yu
1379–1387 Sao Sit Pan Tu
1387–1390 Sao Ai Awn
1390–1403 Ai Wu Hsa
1403–1460 Yi Hkam Hka
1416–1441 Sao Hsam
1441–1456 Sao Hsam si-li
1456–1474 Ai Lao Hkam Ta
1474–1501 Hpaya Lao
Sao Naw Kiao (son of Ai Lao Hkam)
Hsai Hkaw (son of Ai Lao Hkam)
Hsai Hpom (son of Ai Lao Hkam)
Sao Hsam (son of Ai Lao Hkam)
Sao Hkam Mu (son of Ai Lao Hkam)
1523–1560 Hpaya Kiao (a monk called to rule) aka Sao Town Hkam Fu
1560–1598 Sao Kiao Bun Nam
1598–1620 Sao Hkam Town
1620–1637 Sao Mong Khet (Mang Kyin Hpa)
1638–1661 Sao On
1662–1678 Sao In Hkam
1678–1686 Sao Ram Muen aka Sao Ok Sighn
1686–1703 Sao Mong Saik aka Hsa Le Mang
1703–1710 Sao Hsam Hpi
1710–1728 Sao Mong Chuen
1730–1737 Maung Myo (Yawnghwe Shan sent from Ava)
1737–1738 Sao Mong Phi
1740–1744 Sao Mong Hsam 1st
1744–1747 Sao Karng
1747–1787 Sao Mong Hsam 2nd
1787–1802 Sao Kawng Tai
1813–1857 Sao Maha Hkanan aka Sao Dong Hseng
1857–1876 Sao Maha Hpom
1876–1881 Sao Hseng Hkam
1881–1886 Sao Kawng Tai
1886–1897 Sao Kawng Hkam Fu
1895–1935 Sao Kawng Kiao Intaleng
1935–1937 Sao Kawng Tai
1937–1959 Sao Sai Long

Kokang edit

Ruled and founded by the Yang dynasty, it was founded in 1739 by Yang Shien Tsai, Chief of Shin Da Hu. Later his successor Yang Wei Shin expanded his territory and renamed it Kho Kan Shan. Yang Yon Gen then finally renamed it to Kokang. The first 2 reigned as chiefs, the 3rd assumed the title of Heng which was to be held until Yang Chun Yon assumed the Myosa title. Colonel Sao Yang Wen Pin assumed the title of Saopha, after the British recognised Kokang in 1947 as a state for services in the Second World War; it lasted until the state ceased to exist in 1959. The rulers were:

1739–1758 Yang Shien Tsai, Chief of Shin Da Hu
1758–1795 Yang Wei Shin, Chief of Kho Kan Shan
1795–1840 Yang Yon Gen, Heng of Kokang
1840–1874 Yang Guo Hwa, Heng of Kokang
1874–1916 Yang Guo Zhen, Heng of Kokang
1916–1927 Yang Chun Yon, Heng and Myosa of Kokang
1927–1949 Colonel Sao Yang Wen Pin, Saopha of Kokang
1949–1959 Sao Edward Yang Kyein Tsai, Saopha of Kokang.

Kyawkku Hsiwan (Kyaukku) edit

Ngwegunhmus:

.... - .... Nga San Bon
.... - .... Nga San Mya
.... - 1783 Nga San Ma
1783 - 1820 Nga Kaw Tha
1820 - 1821 Nga Thi Ri
1821 - 1843 Nga Chit Win
1844 - 1852 Nga Shwe Maung I (1st time)
1852 - 1856 Nga Shwe Yit -Regent
1856 - 1863 Nga Shwe Maung I (2nd time)
1863 - 1865 Nga Yan Kon -Regent
1865 - 1873 Nga San
1873 - 1874 Nga Shwe Maung II -Regent
1874 - 1876 Nga Tha U -Regent
1876 - 1877 Nga Tun -Regent
1877 - 1881 Nga Pai Su (Nga Pyan)
1881 - 1922 Nga Thaing (b. 1873 - d. 1922)

Laihka (Lègya) edit

Saophas:

Sao Pet Law 1505-1517 son of Hso Kawt Hpa of Mongkung State
Hso Hsa Hpa 1517-1523 son
Sao Mi Lek 1523-1543 son
Hso Naw Hpa 1543-1569 son of Sao Hkun Möng of Hsipaw State
Hkun Yi 1569-1569 from Samka son of Hso Naw Hpa with Mahadewi of Möng Mit suggest by Pet Kawn Hpa of Möng Kung (assassinate by fisherman)
Sao Kang Hkam 1569-1585 son
Hkun Hsang Myat Noe 1585-1605 son
Vacant 1605-1623
Sao Shwe San 1623-1650 son
Sao Ne Ya 1650-1680 younger brother
Wife of Sao Ne Ya 1680-1683^[2]
Sao Hkam Laing 1700-1717 (son of Sao Shwe San with Lan Xang princess, he built "Hseng Hkam" pagoda at Laihka)
Hsa Htun Awng 1717 - 1729 son
Hsa Htun U 1729 - 1790 son
Sao Law Na 1790 - 1803 son (built "Hpaung Daw U" pagoda and "Loi Tap ta Taung-teik" pagoda)
Sao Hla Hkam 1803 - 1807 younger brother
Hkun Lek 1807 - 1855 son
Shwe Okka 1855 - 1856 son with Hkun Lek's half-sister "Sanda Dewi" he died has only children "Nang Hkam Ni" one daughter
Sao Hkam Löng 1856 - 1860
Sao Hkam Mawng 1860 - 1860 son 1st time
Hkun Hkwat (Hkun Lek's younger brother) 1860 - 1864
Sao Nang Thiri Theinga 1864 - 1866 younger sister of Sao Hkam Mawng^[3]
Sao Hkam Mawng 1866 - 1882

2nd time (son of Sao Hkam Löng)

Hkun Lai 1882 - 1928 another grandson of Hkun Lek
1928 - 1952 Sao Num son

Lawksawk (Yatsauk) edit

Saophas :

1450 - 1475 Hkun Tai Phong
1475 - 1497 Hkun Tai Hkom
1497 - 1507 Hkun Hta Hkar
1507 - 1524 Hso Kyeng Hpa
1524 - 1536 Hso Kyaw Hpa
1536 - 1546 Hso Kaan Hpa
1546 - 1555 Hso Khaing Hpa
1555 - 1566 Hso Hom Hpa
1566 - 1580 Hso Won Hpa
1580 - 1610 Hso Hon Hpa
1610 - 1630 Hso Haw Hpa
1630 - 1660 Hso Kyen Hpa
1660 - 1675 Hso Waing Hpa from Hsipaw state
1675 - 1680 Vacant
1680 - 1707 Sao Fai Hkam
1707 - 1729 Hkun Hkam Kyaw
1729 - 1753 Hkun Hkam Hta
1753 - July 1760 Hta Pan Möng
1760 - 1763 Sao Möng Ai
1763 - July 1790 Sao Hkam Yi
1790 - 1791 Vacant
1791 - 1792 Sao Möng Kywet
1792 - 1811 Hkun Sam Lik
1811 - 1812 Vacant
May 1812 - 1813 Sao Oun Kyaing -Regent
1813 - 1850 Hkun Hkam Aye
1850 - Dec 1854 Vacant
1854 - 1856 Hkun Long Hpa (d. 1856) from Laihka
Dec 1856 - 1881 Hso Waing Hpa (1st time)
1881 - 1886 Sao Sai Pin
1886 - Jan 1887 Hso Waing Hpa (2nd time)
Jan 1887 - Oct 1887 Ai Lao Hkam from Bo Saing -Regent
9 Oct 1887 - 1900 Hkun Noum (b. 18.. - d. 1900)
1900 - 1946 Sao Hkun Serk (b. 1863 - d. 1946)
1946 - 1958 Sao Hkun Sa (b. 1895)

Loi-ai (Lwe-e) edit

Ngwegunhmus

....–1814 Paw Kyi
1814–1834 Maung Shwe
1834–1864 Kaw Thaw
1864–1868 Maung Kaing
1868–1870 Vacant
1870–.... Hkun Shwe Kya

Loilong (Lwelong) Loilong (Pinlaung) edit

Ngwegunhmus

....–1854 Hkun Na (died 1854)
1854–1856 Hkun San Da (died 1856)
1856–1880 Hkun Pu (La Mu) (died 1882)

Myosas

1880–1882 Hkun Pu (La Mu) (died 1882)
1882–1938 Hkun Hkam Chok (died 16 November 1938)

Loimaw (Lwemaw) edit

Ngwegunhmus:

....–1834 Maung Hpo Gok
1834–1844 Maung Hpo Saw
1844–1847 Maung Lok
1847 Maung Shwe Daung
1847–1874 Maung Shwe Pyi (1st time)
1874–1876 Vacant
1876–1877 Maung Kya
12 February 1878 – 1880 Maung Meik
1880–1886 Maung Chit
1886 Maung At
1886–19.. Maung Shwe Pyi (2nd time)

Manglon edit

Saophas (sawbwas):

1814–1822 Hsö Hkam (Ta Awng) (died 1822)
1822–1852 Sao Hkun Sang
1852–1853 Uyaraza (died 1853)
1853–1860 Naw Hpa (died 1860)
1860–1881? Tön Hsang
1877–1892 Sao Maha (in West Manglön)
1892–1919 Tön Hsang Hang
1919–1946 Saw Hka Nan (lived 1892–1946)
1946–1952 Sao Man Laik (born 1922)

Monghsu edit

Monglin edit

Saopha of Monglin

1946–1959 Sao Hman Lek (died 1998)

Mongleam edit

Saopha of MongLeam Sao Mwamp Fa

Mong Lem (Mönglem) edit

Prince Mönglem Luang Haw Hkam system started in 1289 Fifty-one six-billed Thai era The first Saopha, known as Sao Hkam Pak Hpa, was of Tai descent from Mäo Long who migrated to the south and asked for land from the Wa people. indigenous people Sao Hkam Pak Hpa offered a large number of cattle and buffaloes to beg for the daughter of King Mang Sam Town. The head of the Wa clan in Mangloen Township became a goddess. And it has become customary for the prince Mönglem to marry a Wa woman from Möng Mangloen There were 28 Saophas in Mönglem as follows:

Saophas:

Hkam Pak Hpa 1289-1309
Town Hkam Hueng (Town Fai Hueng) 1308-1348
Town Hkam Suan (Town Fai Suan) 1349-1406
Town Fai Hkan 1407-1439
Town Fai Hkaan 1440-1465
Town Fai Hke 1466-1481
Town Fai Taan 1482-1492
Town Fai Chin 1493-1514
Town Fai Hpa 1515-1547
Town Fai Hkang 1548-1560
Town Fai Kyoung 1561-1581
Town Fai Sing 1582-1595
Town Fai Kyen 1595-1603
Town Fai Tin 1603-1662
Town Fai Lae 1662-1708
Town Fai Yew 1709-1737
Town Fai Soon 1738-1762
Town Hseng Fai Yong (Town Fai Yong) 1762-1765
Town Fai Hsen 1766-1768
Town Fai Sin 1769-1790
Town Fai Koong 1791-1805
Town Fai Sang 1805-1813
Town Fai Ming 1814-1826
Town Fai Soen 1827-1847
Town Fai Sone 1848-1879
Town Fai Hua 1880-1893
Town Fai Yawng 1894-1930
Town Fai Hkong 1931-1949 (the last saopha)

Möng Mao (Muang Mao Lông) edit

The various versions of the Möng Mao Chronicle provide the lineage of Möng Mao rulers. The Shan chronicle tradition, recorded very early by Elias (1876), provides a long list with the first ruler of Möng Mao dating from 568 A.D

Saophas:

Hkun Lai 568-638 from Mongri Mongram

Ai Dyep That Hpa 638-678 son of Hkun Lai

Hkam Pong Hpa 678 son of Sao Hkun Kyunt

Hkam Sap Hpa son of Hkam Pong Hpa

Hkam Sip Hpa younger brother of Hkam Sap Hpa 703-753

Ni Hpa Maung 753-793 son of Hkam Sip Hpa

Sao Hkun Hpa 793-834 son of Ni Hpa Maung

Hso Hkai Hpa 834-863 son of Sao Hkun Hpa

Hso Han Hpa 863-901 son of Hso Hkai Hpa

Hso Tao Hpa 901-933 son of Hso-Han-Hpa

Hso Pwot Hpa 933-960 son of Hso Tao Hpa

Hso Won Hpa 960-983 son of Hso Pwot Hpa

Hso Hon Hpa 983-995 son of Hso Won Hpa

Hso Hau Hpa 995-1014 (son of Hso Hon Hpa)

Hso Lip Hpa 1014-1035 (son of Hso Hau Hpa)

Hkun Kwat Hpa 1035-1050

Hso Tai Hpa 1050-1062 (son of Hkun Kwat Hpa)

Hso Lung Hpa 1062-1081 (son of Hso Tai Hpa)

Sao Sang Mwun 1081-1096 (son of Hso Lu Hpa)

Sao Sang Yaw 1096-1103 (son of Sao Sang Mwun)

Hso Tai Hpa 1103-1112 (younger brother of Sao Sang Yaw)

Sao Sein Nga 1112-1123 (son of Hso Tai Hpa)

Sao Lung Chu 1123-1137 (younger brother of Sao Sein Nga)

Sao Nga Chu 1137-1145 (son of Sao Lung Chu)

Sao Hkun Ming 1145-1163 (son of Sao Nga Chu)

Sao Hkun Kum 1163-1171 (son of Sao Hkun Ming)

Sao Tai Pum 1171-1188 (son of Sao Hkun Kum)

Sao Tai Lung 1188-1203 (son of Sao Tai Pum)

Pam Yau Pung 1203-1210 son of Sao Tai Lung

(His younger brother Fu San Kang (Hpo San Kang) became the saopha of Möngmit)

Sao Ai Mo Kang Neng 1210 -1220

He was the one of descendants from the saopha of Maing-Nyaung

Hso Kwam Hpa (Hso Hkaan Hpa) son of Sao Ai Mo Kang Neng 1220-1250

(He has younger brother name's Sam Lung Kung Maing (Sam Lung Hpa) became the saopha of Möngkawng)

Hso Piu Hpa 1250-1282 (son of Hso Kwam Hpa)

Tai Peng (Hso Kam Hpa) 1282-1285 (son of Hso Piu Hpa)

Hso Wak Hpa 1285-1315

(He established the present of the city located)

Ai Puk 1315-1330 (son of Hso Wak Hpa)

Vacant 1330-1339

Hso Ki Hpa (Tai Pong) 1339-1346

Tai Lung 1346-1396 (son of Hso Ki Hpa (Tai Pong))

Sao Lwei (Hso Tit Hpa) 1396-1415 (son of Tai Lung)

Hso Ngan Hpa 1415-1445 (son of Sao Lwei or Hso Tit Hpa)

Vacant 1445-1448

Sao Lam Kon Kam Hpa 1448-1461 (son of Hso Ngan Hpa but some source told he is the uncle of Hso Wak Hpa)

Hso Hum Hpa 1461-1490 (son of Sao Lam Kon Kam Hpa)

Hso Kaa Hpa 1490-1496 (son of Hso Hum Hpa)

Hso Pim Hpa (nickname is Kyie-poi-pei-ma) 1496-1516 (son of Hso Kaa Hpa)

Hso Hom Hpa 1516-1604 (son of Hso Pim Hpa)

Sao Poreing 1604-1611 (son of Hso Hom Hpa)

Kan Kyaung Hpa 1611-1646 (son of Hso Hkwa Hpa the saopha of Wanmaw state)

Hso Lon Hpa 1646-? (son of Kan Kyaung Hpa)

Hso Jueng Hpa (son of Hso Lung Hpa)

Hso Joem Hpa (son of Hso Jueng Hpa)

Hso Choeun Hpa ?-1699 (son of Hso

Mongtorm edit

Myosa

1926–1952 Sao Khun Gee (died 1969)

Mawkmai (Maukme) edit

Saophas:

1800–1818 Hsai Kyaw
1818–1824 Awk Hkun
1824–1831 Let To
1831–1844 Hkam U
1844–1867 Ko Lan (1st time)
1867–1868 Hkum Hmôm I
1868–1887 Ko Lan (2nd time)
1887–1888 Hkun Hmôm II (1st time)
March 1888 – 1888 Hkun Noi Kyu
1888–1915 Hkun Hmôm II (2nd time)
1915–1952 Hkun Hkaing

Mawnang (Bawnin) edit

Myosas

1774–.... Maung Myat (2nd time)
....–.... Naw Hkam Lin
....–.... Maung Kaung
....–.... Maung Pot
....–.... Maung Maung
....–1883 Hkun Hkam
1883–1886 Hkun Shwe Hkam -Regent
1886–.... ....

Mawsön (Bawzaing) edit

Ngwegunhmus:

1784–.... Maung Pwe
....–.... Maung Kyaw
....–.... Maung Waing
....–.... Maung Nyun
1878–.... Maung Kya Ywet

Möngkawng (Mogaung) edit

Mong kong Mong Yawng (1st-Möngkawng) is situated in Hukawng valley, near the Uyu river. Some Tai Leng manuscripts, also, mention about the establishment of Bein Kawng (2nd-Möngkawng) on the west bank of Nam Kawng, near the Kaming but lists of Saophas has not given. 3rd-Möngkawng is situated at a distance of about 9 miles from Mogaung.

Saophas:

603–633 Hkun Su (Youngest son of Hkun Lu) 1st-Möngkawng
633–653 Sao Hsen Saw (Son of Hkun Lu)
653–667 Sao Hkun Kyaw
667–668 Sao Hkun Kyun
938–9?? Sao Hkaw Hpa (2nd-Möngkawng)
---- – ---- Sao Haw Hseng
---- – ---- Hso Saw Hpa
Sam Lung Hpa 1215–1228 son of Hso Hkwan Hpa 31rd Mong Mao saopha
Hso Hkam Hpa (Nwe San Hpa) 1228–1248 nephew of Sam Lung Hpa
Sao Hkun Law 1248–1308 son of Hso Hkam Hpa
Sao Pu Rieng 1308–1344 son of Sao Hkun Law
Hso Tai Hpa 1344–1346 son of Sao Pu Rieng
Pwa Ngan Maing 1346–1361 son of Hso Tai Hpa
Hkun Tau Hpa 1361–1381 son of Pwa Ngan Maing
Hso Hung Hpa 1381–1411 son of Hkun Tau Hpa
Hso Pin Hpa 1411–1446 son of Chau-Hung-Hpa
Hso Si Hpa (Hso Kwon Hpa) 1446–1496 son of Hso Pin Hpa (He is brother of Hso Ngan Hpa 39rd Mong Mao saopha)
Hso Kaa Hpa (Hso Kyeik Hpa) 1496–1520 son of Hso Si Hpa (Hso Kwon Hpa)
Sam Lung paw-maing (Sao Sui-fin) 1520–1526 son of Hso Kaa Hpa (Hso Kyeik Hpa) Mong Mao line break off
Sao Sui kwei (Sao Peng) 1526–1558 son of Sam Lung paw-maing (Sao Sui-fin)
Hso Hom Hpa 1558–1564 son of Sao-Sui-kwei (Sao Peng)
Hso Kaa Hpa 1564–1583 son of Hso Hom Hpa
Sao Kon Hkam 1583–1591 son of Hso Kaa Hpa
Hso Hung Hpa 1591–1605 son of Sao Kon Hkam (Temporarily independent from Burma)
Hso Tit Hpa (Sao Kaa Maing) 1605–1626 grandson of Hso Hom Hpa 44rd saopha of Mong Mao
Sao Sain Lung 1626–1639
Lang Chu Paw 1639–1651
Cheing Lung Ho Hup 1651–1663 adopted of Lang Chu Paw
Sao Sui Yaw 1663–1673
Sao Sui Kyek 1673–1729 grandson of Hso Hom Hpa 44rd saopha of Mong Mao
Sao Hum (Sao Maung Pu) 1729–1739

born at Ava's palace

Haw Seing 1739–1748 son of Sao Hum (Sao Maung Pu) 1st
Haw Hkam 1748–1765 son of Haw Seing
Haw Seing 1765–1768 son of Sao Hum (Sao Maung Pu) 2nd
Maung Kiaw 1768–1771 burmese his shan name is Haw Hkam
Maung Piu 1771–1775 younger brother of Maung Kiaw
Haw Seing 1775–1777 son of Sao Hum (Sao Maung Pu) 3rd

Vacant 1777–1785

Sao Yaw Pan Kyung 1785-1796

Myowuns: Most of them (except Maha Nanda Raza the Saopha of Thonze) were burmese

1795–1797 Mye Swane Wunmin
1797–1799 Nga Sout Wunmin
1799–1804 Ekkabat Myinwun
1804–1806 Nemyo Thiri Sithu
1806–1807 Shwedaung Letwel Kyaw
1807–1808 Maha Nawrahta
1808–1809 Maung Hsuan
1809–1811 Yegaung Seintathu
1811–1812 Shwedaung Thainkhathu and Yegaung Nawrahta
1812–1813 Thiri Nawrahta
1813–1814 Shwedaung Letwel Kyaw (2nd times)
1814–1818 Nemyo Theidi Kyawdin
1818–1819 Yedin Kyawdin
1819–1820 Yegaung Thura
1820–1822 Nemyo Mindin
1822–1824 Nemyo Yegaung Nawrahta
1824–1826 Nemyo Htinmin
1826–1827 Maha Nanda Raza, Saopha of Thonze (shan people) and Nemyo Zeya Kyawgaung
1827–1828 Nemyo Minhla
1828–1832 Nemyo Nanda Nawrahta, Mingyi Maha Thilawa and Nemyo Zeya Kyawgaung (2nd times)
1832–1835 Maha Thiri Kyawdin
1835–1836 Nemyo Thiri Thihathu
1836–1837 Nemyo Minhtin Sithu
1837–1839 Maha Nanda Raza (shan people) the Saopha of Thonze (2nd times)
1839–1840 U Mann
1840–1841 U Than Twe
1841–1845 Brother of Queen Bhamo
1845–1846 U Than Twe (2nd times)
1846–1848 U Mann (2nd times)
1848–1852 U Kyan
1852–1854 U Mann (3rd times)
1854–1858 U Hla Paw Gyi
1858–1859 U Yama and U Shin Gyi (Son of U Yama)
1859–1864 U Lat
1864–1866 U Maung
1866–1867 U Kyae
1867–1867 U Lat (2nd times)
1867–1868 U Yan Shin
1868–1871 U Tha Hton
1871–1873 U Moe
1873–1875 U Shwe Aung
1875–1877 U Hla Paw Kalay (Son of U Shwe Aung)
1877–1882 U Boe
1882–1883 U Si
1883–1885 U Shwe Tha aka Hso Hung Hpa (Father of Hso Saw Hpa the last Waing Hso Saopha)
1885–1886 U Kala (Amat of Mogaung)
1886–1887 U Pho Saw (Son of U kala)

Mongkung edit

Myosa

1835–1860 Hkun Long

Möngleng (Mohlaing) edit

Myosas:

1840? Kya U
18..–1887 Hkam Leng

Mönglong edit

Myosas

1813?- 1842 Hsö Han Hpa
1842–1854 Hsö San Hpa (Hkun Hsa)
1854–1866 Hsö Kawn Kyawng
1866–18.. Hkun Nyon
18..–1880 Hkun Yawt
1880–188. Heng Nga Maung
188.–1888 Hkun Saing (Hsawng)
1888–1894 Hkun Hsa
1894–.... Sao Hke

Möngmit (Momeik) edit

Saophas:

60?–6??: Hkun Han Hpa (6th son of Hkun Lu)
939–9??: Sao Ngaan Hpa
1122–1168: Hkun Hkam Kyen Hken Hpa
1168–1185: Hkun Ta Ka
1185–1250: Hkun Kome
1250–1308: Hkun Yi Khwai Hkam
1308–1310: Hkun Hpo Srang Kang
1310–1345: Hkun Tai Hkone
1345–1380: Hkun Tai Khaing
1380–1393: Hkun Tai Han
1393–1430: Hso Möng Hpa (son of Hkun Tai Han)
1430–1440: Hso Bok Hpa
1440–1484: Hso Han Hpa
1484–1487: Hso Waing Hpa
1487–1499: Hso Ming Hpa (son of Hso Wei Hpa)
1499–1524: Hso Lu Hpa (younger brother of Hso Ming Hpa)
1524–1528: Hso Kyoeng Hpa
1528–1545: Hso Sao Hpa
1545–1556: Hso Heeb Hpa
1556–1564: Hso Hsong Hpa (younger brother of Hso Heeb Hpa)
1564–1580: Hso Hsawng Hpa younger brother
1564–1596: Hso Soum Hpa (son of Hso Heeb Hpa)
1596–1601: Hso Kyaung Hpa (son of Hso Soum Hpa)
1601–1605: Hso Hung Hpa younger brother
1605–1628: Hso Yawn Hpa (son of Hso Kyaung Hpa)
1628–1650: Hso Piam Hpa (son of Hso Yawn Hpa)
1650–1687: Hso Paw Hpa (son of Hso Piam Hpa)
1687–1718: Hso Lin Hpa son
1718–1750: Hso Lik Hpa son
1750–1787: Hkam Kying Hpa
1787–1796: Hkam Ming Hpa
1796–1817: Hkam Ting Hpa
1817–1830: Hkam Hlaing Hpa
1830–1837: Sao Mawkmai (Sao Möng Hkam) son of Hkam Hlaing Hpa
1837–1851: Sao Möng Eint
1851–1858: Sao Hkun Te
1858–1861: Sao Haw Kyin
1861–1862: Maung Kaw San (Regent)
1862–1868: Sao Möng Nyunt
1868–1874: Sao Hkam Maing
1874–1887: Sao Kang Hom Möng
31 January 1887 – 3 February 1937: Sao Kyè Möng Hkwan (Sao Khine Maung or Sao Khine Möng)
3 February 1937 – 1952: Sao Hkun Hkio (b. 1912)

Mong Nai (Monè) edit

Saophas:

1312–1339: Hkun Hkue son of King Mangrai
1339–1364: Ngoen Hkaing Hpa (son of Hkun Hkue)
1364–1384: Ngoen Hkoen Hpa (son of Ngoen Hkaing Hpa)
1384–1404: Ngoen Hom Hpa (son of Ngoen Hkoen Hpa)
1404–1434: Ngoen Haw Hpa (son of Ngoen Hom Hpa)
1434–1472: Ngoen Pawng Hpa (son of Ngoen Haw Hpa)
1472–1479: Ngoen Kaw Hpa (son of Ngoen Pawng Hpa)
1479–1492: Ngoen Yawk Hpa (son of Ngoen Kaw Hpa)
1492–1516: Ngeon Htao Hpa (son of Ngoen Yawk Hpa)
1516–1542: Vacant
1542–1567: Hso Pak Hpa (son of Sao Hkun Mawng of Hsipaw State)
1567–1599: Hso Piam Hpa (son of Hso Pak Hpa)
1599–1620: Hso Yew Hpa (son of Hso Piam Hpa)
1620–1631: Sao Möng Hkam (son of Kanh Ham Hpa of Yawnghwe)
1631–1675: Sao Hla Hkam (son of Sao Piam Hpa of Mongmit)
1675–1678: Sao Kyam Hkam (son of Sao Hla Hkam)
1678–1704: Hso Hom Hpa (son of Sao Kyam Hkam)
1704–1728: Hkun Arn Hpa (son of Hso Hom Hpa)
1728–1746: Hso Hkam Hpa (son of Hkun Arn Hpa)
1746–1772: Hkam Naw Hpa burmese called Shwe Myat Noe (son of Sao Hso Hkam)
1772–1790: Hkam Kaw Hpa burmese called Shwe Myat Kyaw (son of Shwe Myat Noe)
1790–1811: Hkun Shwe Wa (son of Shwe Myat Kyaw)
1811–1842: Hkun Hsen Kyung (son of Sao Maha Hpom Saopha of Kyaingtong)
1842–1852: Hkun Nu Nom (son of Hkun Kyung)
1852–1875: Hkun Hpo On (son of Hkun Nu Nom)
1875–1882: Hkun Kyi (1st time) the uncle of Hkun Hpo On
1882–1888: Twet Nga Lu (usurper) (d. 1888)
1888–1914: Hkun Kyi (2nd time) the uncle of Hkun Hpo On
6 May 1914 – 1928: Hkun Kyaw Sam
1928–1949: Hkun Kyaw Haw Hkam
1949–1958: Sao Pyea (last Saopha of Mone')

Mongnawng edit

Myosas:

1851–1866 Heng Awn
1866–1868 Hkun Hkang
1868–19.. Hkun Tun

Mong Pai (Mobye) edit

Saophas:

1434 - 1449 Bot Hsang Hom Hkam
1449 - 1472 Hsan Meik Hpa Hom (son)
1472 - 1510 Hso Nawn Hpa (son)
1510 - 1526 Hso Kyaung Hpa (son)

1526 - 1541 Vacant

1541 - 1546 Hso Kaw Hpa (son of Sao Hkun Möng of Hsipaw State)
1546 - 1581 Hkam Kaw Hpa (son)
1581 - 1615 Maw Kya (bro)
1615 - 1639 Nan Pè (Hseng Hsawng Möng),(son)
1639 - 1661 Loi Sam Hpa (son)
1661 - 1679 Hkam Kyawt Hpa (son)
1679 - 1682 Hkam Htat Hpa (son) fled to Siam with his younger brother Nga Hseng, Nga Si, Nga San
1685 - 1692 Nga Sawng from Mong Yin (bro)
1692 - 1759 Vacant
1759 - 1763 Nga Hte Mang (bro)
1763 - 1766 Hkun Pye (son of Sao Naw Hseng, the ancient line from Bot Hsang Hom Hkam) 1st time
1766 - 17.. Ye Kyaw Dewa (1st time) from Lawk Sawk
17.. - 1783 Sao Dwant Wad from Thigyit
1783 - 1803 Ye Kyaw Dewa (2nd time)
1803 - 1805 Hkun Pya 2nd time
1805 - 1808 Hkan Mawng
1808 - 1820 Hkan Hlaing or Hkun Hkam Long (1st time) (d. 1836)
1820 - 1823 Atwinwun Nga Kyi (Burmese soldier, Regent)
1823 - Jul 1836 Hkan Hlaing or Hkun Hkam Long (2nd time)
Sep 1837 - 1843 Hkun Yon (son),(b. 18.. - d. 1900) he has three brother Hkun Pan and Hkun Hmôm and Hkan Hlaing, Hkun Hkan Ne, Nge Ye Kyaw who objected him as Sawbwa assasinated by Nga Tôk and Nga Tun
1843 - 1844 Hkun Sôn Myook (moved to be saopha of Mong Hkawng in one place of Karen State after one year he assasinated)
1844 - 1891 Hkun Yon 2nd time
1891 - 30 Dec 1907 Hkun Hsuriya (b. 1852 - d. 1907) handed with his cousin Hkun Lôn Myook

30 Dec 1907 - 26 May 1908 Vacant

26 May 1908 - 1952/59 Hkun Ping Nya (b. 1881 - d. 19..)

Möngpan edit

Myosas:

....–1808 Naw Hkam
1809–1823 Mana Ne Myo
1823–1858 Maung Shwe Hkam
1858–1867 Hkun Tun U

Saophas

1867–1886 Hkun Tun U
1886–.... Hkun Leng
1918–1952 Hkun On

Mong Pawn (Maing Pun) edit

Myosas:

1816–1860 Hkun Lek
1860–1880 Hkun Ti

Saophas:

1880–1928 Hkun Ti
1928 – 19 Jul 1947 Sao Sam Htun (died 1947)
1947–1952 Sao Hso Hom

Möngping (Maingpyin) edit

After 1842 this state was occupied by Lawksawk.

Rulers :

1835–1842 Hkam Hlaing
1842–.... Hkam Kaw

Möngsit (Maingseik) edit

Myosas

1816–18.. ....
18..–1857 Sao Haw Pik
1857–18.. Hkun Kyaw San
18..–1873 Hkun Lu
1873–1876 ....
1876–1880 ....
1880–1883 Vacant
1883–.... Hkam Pwin

Möngtung (Maington) edit

This state was occupied by Hsenwi between 1886 and 1888.

Myosas:

....–.... Hkun Sang Kang
....–.... Hkun Kyaw Htam
....–1886 Hkun Hsa
1888–1896 Hkun Lun
1896–19.. Haw Yawt

Möngyang (Mohnyin) edit

State existed before 1400 and after 1604.

Saophas:

605–642 Hkun Hpa (2nd son of Hkun Lu)
642-658 Hkun Hkam Ton Wun son
658-680 Hso Waing Hpa son
680-703 Hso Parn Möng son
703-733 Hso Hkong Hkam son
733-750 Hso Yawt Hpa son
750-780 Hseng Tap Hom son
780-803 Hseng Tap Hpa son
803-846 Ai Sang Khawn Hpa son
846-889 Ai Mo Kang Hkam son
889-904 Kang Kyaung Hkam son
904-940 Ai Hseng Kam Kyai son
940–964 Hso Kyan Hpa son
964-1001 Hso Yap Hpa son
1001-1016 Hso Yawk Hpa son
1016-1036 Hso Young Hpa son
1036-1045 Hso Srang Hpa younger brother
1045-1066 Hso Ngam Hpa nephew
1066-1084 Hso Ngom Hpa son of Xiao
1084-1112 Hso Hom Hpa son of Ngam
1112-1133 Hso Horn Hpa son of Hong
1133-1150 Hso Gam Hpa son of Hom
1150-1175 Hso Hkang Hpa son
1175-1199 Hso Darng Hpa son (Ai Pho Kang Hom)
1199-1234 Hso Haw Hpa son
1234-1246 Hso Kyaum Hpa son
1246-1268 Hso Kyaw Hpa son
1268-1290 Hso Paob Hpa son
1290-1311 Hso Kawn Hpa son
1311-1333 Hso Aown Hpa son
1333-1350 Kyan Long Hpa (Huan Sam Hnaung ᥔᥣᥛᥴ ᥘᥨᥒᥴ / Sao Sam Ta ᥓᥝᥲ ᥔᥣᥛᥴ ᥖᥣ )
1350-1358 Hso Han Hpa son
1358-1368 Sao Hkun Law
1368-1372 Sao Pu Rieng
1372–1381 Sao Dyert Hpa
1381–1384 Sao Aung Myat
1384–1393 Hkun Dern Hpa
1393–1404 Sao Hong Hpa
1404–1414 Sao Ping Hpa
1414–1430 Hso Kyaung Hpa son
1430–1442 Hso Ngan Hpa son
1442–1449 Hso Chi Hpa ᥔᥫᥴ ᥐᥤ ᥜᥣᥳ died 1454 (son of Hso Ngan Hpa)
1449–1451 Hso Lui Hpa 1st time son
1451–1461 Hso Bou Hpa
1461–1480 Hso Hong Hpa ᥔᥫᥴ ᥞᥨᥛᥲ ᥜᥣᥳ
1486–1519 Hso Lui Hpa 2nd time (son of Hso Chi Hpa)
1519–1533 Hso Long Hpa (Hso Kyeng Hpa, Hso Lun Hpa, Hso Yiam Hpa) son (born 2 April 1486)
1533–1547 Sao Sui Kiao (son of Hso Long Hpa)
1547–1564 Hso Khuan Hpa (younger brother of Sao Sui Kiao)
1564–1580 Hso Hkoe Hpa (son of Sao Sui Kiao)
1580–1586 Hso Wei Hpa (Hso Yi Hpa or Hso Kyoen Hpa) son of Hso Khuan Hpa
1586–1591 Hso Yoen Hpa (son of Hso Hkoe Hpa)
1591–1604 Hso Hueng Hpa (son of Hso Yoen Hpa)
1604–1636 Hso Kwang Hpa (son of Hso Hueng Hpa)
1636–1652 Nang Chu Paw (Mahadewi of Hso Kwang Hpa regent instead her son was too young)
1652–1674 Ai Dyep Hkam Hpa (son of Hso Kwang Hpa)
1674–1697 Hkam Hkowt Hpa son
1697–1713 Hkam Soet Hpa son
1713–1726 Hkam Suek Hpa soon
1726–1738 Tao Möng Han son
1738–1753 Tao Kang Hkam son
1753–1773 Hkun Kyaw Hpa son
1773–1793 Sai Hkam Hawt Möng son
1793–1805 Ai Hso Khone son
1805–1816 Sao Oob Sai Khaw son
1816–1845 Sao Ting Ku son
1845–1876 Sao Kyaung Hkam son
1876–1924 Sao Yawt Sam Mawk son
1924-1934 Sao Ai Hkong Sai younger brother
1934-1940 Sao Hpo Rieng son killed by japanese troop
1940-1946 Ai Hseng Khaing Möng younger brother take the poison and death (last saopha)

Myowuns edit

Under the Konbaung dynasty the area of the former state was administered by a Viceroy called a Myowun, who was appointed by the king and possessed civil, judicial, fiscal and military powers.^[4]

1853–18?? Nemyo Minhtin Themanta Yaza (Six Myowuns – Mohnyin, Kawng Ton, Shwegu, Moe Ta, Yin khia, Kat Hsa)

Möngyawng edit

Myosas:

17..–.... Inta Wasai
....–.... ?
....–.... Hsen Sulin (Surin Pumintha)
....–.... Hsai Ya Kuman
....–.... Sao Yawt

Namhkai (Nanke) edit

Ngwegunhmus:

1808–18.. Nga Dammaa
18..–1867 Hkun Pe (died 1867)
1867–1874 Hkun Pan (1st time) (died 1891)
1874–1876 Vacant
1876–1888 Hkun Hwaing
1888 – 13 Jan 1891 Hkun Pan (2nd time)
1891–19.. Hkun Kye

Namhkok (Nankok) edit

Myosas: ....–.... ....

Namhkom (Nankon) edit

Rulers: ....–.... ....

Namtok (Nantok) edit

Rulers:

....–.... Maung Shwe Tha
....–1816 Tha Zan (died 1816)
1816–18.. Maung Yi

Ngegunhmus:

18..–18.. Maung Yi
18..–18.. Hkun Taw
18..–18.. Hkun Pwe
18..–18.. Hkun Pwang
18..–18.. Hkun Hmam
18.. – 9 Oct 1892 Hkun Pu (died 1892)
1892–.... Hkun Maung

Namkhok-Nawngwawn edit

Sao Tun Yean WW2 Sao Noi Nyin

Panglawng edit

Pangmi edit

Sao Khun Min

Pangtara (Pindara) edit

Ngwegunhmus:

1420–1444 Sao Hkam Hpong
1444–1468 Sao Man Hseng
1468–1502 Sao Vieng Hpang
1502–1534 Sao Vieng Sang Hpa
1534–1574 Sao Man Lung
1574–1605 Sao Lik Hpa
1605–1624 Sao Larb Hseng Sandi
1624–1644 Sao Larb Hpa
1644–1663 Sao Yad Hpa
1663–1687 Sao Sam Hkè Hpa
1687–1705 Sao Lik Man Lung
1705–1721 Sao Lak Hti
1721–1740 Hso Hen Doen
1740–1761 Sao Heb Hpa
1761–1782 Sao Hkem Möng
1782–1796 Vacant
1796–1802 Sao Than Hpa
1802–1809 Sao Hpi Hpa I
1809–1819 Sao Möng Khant Oo
1819–1843 Sao Shwe Meik
1843–1847 Sao Nang Thiri Thantha (f)
1847–1850 Sao Hpo Aek Hpa
1850–1851 Maung Shwe Thi (burmese) -Regent
1851–1857 Sao Myat Hpu
1857–1859 Sao Hpi Hpa II
1859–1860 Sao Hlaing Ya (1st time)
1860–1861 Sao Hpong Kone Sam
1862–1868 Hso Than Hpa II (1st time) -Regent
1868–1869 Sao Hlaing Ya (2nd time)
1869–1871 Hso Than Hpa II (2nd time)
1871–1877 Vacant
1877–1878 Sao Hlaing Ya (3rd time)
1878–1880 Vacant
1880–188. Sao Hlaing Ya (4th time)
188.–1888 Vacant
1888 – 6 Jan 1897 Sao Hpo Hkin (died 1897)
1897–1938 Sao San Noi (died 9 November 1938)
Latest Sao Win Kyi (died 2007)

Poila (Pwehla) edit

Myosas: Khun Soe Min

Sakoi edit

Myosas:

....–1877 Hkun ....
1877–.... Hkun Ton

Samka edit

Myosas:

....–1838 Hkun Ye
1838–1858 Hkun Sun (1st time)
1858–1860 Hkun Noi (1st time)
1860–1872 Hkun Sun (2nd time)
1873–1876 Sao Sein Bu (1st time)
1876–1883 Hkun Noi (2nd time)
1883–1885 Hkun Pwin
December 1885 – 1915 Sao Sein Bu (2nd time)
1915–1952 Hkun Kyi

Saophas (Kyamine-prince):

1915–1952 Sao Soe Kyi

Tawngpeng edit

Saophas:

1753–1759 Ta Dwe Ba
1760–1764 Ba Hkun Mya
1764–1775 Ba Hkun Saing
1775–1781 Ba Dwe Taw
1781 Ba Loi Lio
1781–1819 Ba Hkun Kein Möng
1819–1837 Ba Hkun Hso
1837–1846 Ba Hkun Tan Möng
1847 – 4 Sep 1856 Shwe Ok Hka (Shwe Taung Kyaw)
1856–1865 Hkun Hsa (Ba Hkam Hkun Shinye)
1865–1868 Aung Tha
1868–1877 Kwan Kon
1877–1887 Hkun Hkam Möng
1888–1897 Hkam Tan Möng (Hkun Kyan)
1897–1926 Hkun Hsan Gawn
Aug 1926 – 1952 Hkun Pan Sing

Wanmaw (Bhamo) edit

Saophas

Hso Len Hpa 1470-1482
Hso Heng Hpa 1482-1485
Hso Hang Hpa 1485-1507
Hso Hsao Hpa 1507-1518
Hso Htiao Hpa 1518-1543
Hso Sawk Hpa 1543-1582
Hso Yung Hpa (Hso Hkwa Hpa) 1582-1588
Hso Hseng Hpa (Hso Kyaung Hpa) 1588-1603
Hseng Lung Hpa 1603-1634
Sao San Hpa 1634-1646
Sao Law San 1646-1647
Sao Lin Hpa 1647-1653
Sao Hsawk Hpa 1653-1668
Sao Ngawk Hpa 1668-1669
Min Gon burmese general 1669-1674
Nge Myat burmese merchant 1674-1685
Sao Hpi Hpa 1685-1706
Sao Tun Hpa 1706-1719
Hpo U 1719-1720
Sao Möng Hpa 1720-1727
Sao Tung Ngai 1st time 1727-1735
Haw Kit 1735-1742
Sao Tung Ngai 2nd time 1742-1768
Vacant 1768-1770
Sao Myat Aung 1770-1772 (b.1690-c.1772) son of saopha of Mongmit

Myowuns:

1772-17??: Mingyi Wailuthaya (U Shwe Ye)
1853-18??: Mingyi Maha Minhtin Yaza
1878-18??: U Pho Hla

Wanyin (Banyin) edit

Rulers:

1865–1874 Hkun Saw

Myosas:

1874–1893 Hkun Saw
1893 – Jul 1897 Hkun Long
1897–19.. Hkun Han

Waing Hso (Wynn Tho) edit

Saophas:

941–955 Sao Hon Hpa
955–967 Paung Hpa
967–1000 Hso Kyeng Hpa
1000–1030 Hso Kyaw Hpa
1030–1075 Hso Haw Hpa
1075–1104 Hso Hon Hpa
1104–1128 Hso Won Hpa
1128–1156 Hso Hkoum Hpa
1156–1197 Hso Nyunt Hpa
1197–1221 Hso Yun Hpa
1221–1247 Hso Yiab Hpa
1247–1274 Hso Yiam Hpa
1274–1302 Hso Ngan Hpa
1302–1337 Hso Ngam Möng
1337–1368 Hso Ngam Hpa
1368–1382 Vacant
1382–1384 Paung Kiao
1384–1414 Paung Hkam
1414–1434 Hso Hkloung Hpa
1434–1465 Saw Nyi (Tao Hkam Dang)
1465–1481 Hso Wen Hpa
1481–1504 Hso Parn Hpa
1504–1534 Hso Kaan Hpa
1534–1558 Hso Lung Hpa
1558–1583 Hso Suang Hpa
1583–1592 Hso Phaob Hpa from Kyawkku Hsiwan (Kyaukku, Myinkyadu)
1592–1599 Hso Yen Hpa
1599–1619 Tein-nyin-sa Saing Hkan
1619–16?? Thakin Kaw Nyo
16??–1647 Sao Inn Möng
1647–1671 Hso Kyen Hpa (come from Mongsit)
1671–1697 Kye Möng U Kyaung (Son of Hso Kyen Hpa)
1697–1697 Maung Kyin Baw
1697–1702 Maung Sun
1702–1714 Kyaung Pyn
1714–1736 Phaya Suang Hkam burmese called Myat Kaung (Son of Kye Möng U Kyaung)
1736–1751 Vacant
1751–1756 Talaings (Hso Hseng Hpa)
1756–1778 Hso Kyaing Hpa burmese called Aung Nyo
1778–1796 Hso Htin Hpa
1796–1798 Tao San Hkam burmese called Maung Taw San (Brother of Hso Htin Hpa)
1798–1827 Maung Tha Ywe (administrator to 1802)
1827–1830 Sao Möng Hkam 1st burmese called Maung Shwe
1830–1833 Sao Möng Nwe burmese called Maung Pye Nge
1833–1849 Kan Kyaung Hkam burmese called Shwe Hti
1849–1851 Hso Dyep Hpa burmese called San Thit
1852–1866 Sao Möng Hkam 2nd (d. af.1891)
1866–1878 Hso Hon Hpa
1878– 7 Feb 1891 Hso Saw Hpa burmese called Maung Aung Myat (Son of Hso Hon Hpa) – Last Saopha of Waing Hso (b. 1857 - d. af.1891)

Yawnghwe (Nyaungshwe) edit

The formal and the ritual name of the state was Kambosarattha, in short term Kanbawza. The rulers full titular style was Kambawsarahta Thiri Pawaramahawuntha Thudamaraza. For the state capital see Nyaung Shwe.

Saophas

1359 - 1434 Si Hseng Hpa
1434 - 1477 Hso Hseng Hpa
1477 - 1518 Hso Hung Hpa
1518 - 1557 Hso Yawk Hpa
1557 - 1574 Sao Maw Hkam
1574 - 1608 Kanh Ham Hpa
1608 - 1615 Mahadevi Nang Nawn Pe

1st

1608 - 1615 Sao Htoi
1615 - 1646 Mahadevi Nang Nawn Pe 2nd
1646 - 1658 Vacant
1658 - 1663 Sao Kang Hom Hpa
1663 - 1687 Hsu Wa
1687 - 1695 Kyundaung Sa
1695 - 1733 Hkam Leng
1733 - 1737 Htawk Sha Sa
1737 - 1746 Hsi Ton Sa
1746 - 1758 Hke Hsa Wa
1758 - 1758 Naw Mong 1st
1758 - 1761 Yawt Hkam
1761 - 1762 Hpong Hpa Ka Sa
1762 - 1815 Sao Yun
1815 - 1818 Sao Se U 1st
1818 - 1821 Naw Mong 2nd
1821 - 1852 Sao Se U 2nd
1852 - 1858 Sao So Hom
1858 - 1864 Sao Sa Hpa
1864 - 1885 Sao Maung 1st
1885 - 1889 Sao Chit Su
1889 - 1897 Sao On
1897 - 1926 Sao Maung 2nd
1926 - 1952 Sao Shwe Thaik|(Yawt Hkam Serk)]]
1952 - 1962 Sao Hseng Hpa

Yengan (Ywangan) edit

Ngwegunhmus:

c.1857 - 1860 Maung Htun Lin (d. c.1864)
1861 - 1886 Maung Nyo Sein (d. 1886)
1886 Maung Thu Daw (1st time) (b. 1878 - d. 19..)
1886 (10 days) Mi Thaung (f)
1896 (25 days) Maung Chit + Heng Yin Yo
1887 - 19.. Maung Thu Daw (2nd time) (s.a.)
1887 - May 1898 .... -Regent

Hkam Ti (Zinkaling) edit

Saophas:

1470–1520 Tep Hseng Hkam
1520–1560 Tep Sam Hpa
1560–1610 Ko Sam Lik
1610–1630 Hso Hon Hpa
1630–1657 Sam Lung Hpa
1657–1680 Sam Pi Hpa
1680–1707 Tep Kwak Hpa
1707–1738 Ko Hsé
1738–1767 Ka Hlaing Hpa
1767–1780 Vacant
1780–1795 Puraha Raja
1795–1806 Ket Raja
1806–1820 Htone Hkun Burangyi
1820–1844 Hso Kawng Hpa
1844–1853 Hso Ai Hpa
1853–1882 Hso Hi Hpa
1882–1887 Hso Sai Hpa
1887–1892 Hso Htawt Hpa
1892–1898 Hso Hon Hpa (Po Hlaing)
1894–1898 Me Yi Phoo (Sister of Hso Hon Hpa)
1898–1927 Ein Hpa Thein
1907–1952 Möng Hpa Thein (Last Saopha)

Koshanpye edit

Möng Mao (Muang Mao Lông) edit

The various versions of the Möng Mao Chronicle provide the lineage of Möng Mao rulers. The Shan chronicle tradition, recorded very early by Elias (1876), provides a long list with the first ruler of Möng Mao dating from 568 A.D

Saophas:

Hkun Lai 568-638 from Mongri Mongram

Ai Dyep That Hpa 638-678 son of Hkun Lai

Hkam Pong Hpa 678 son of Sao Hkun Kyunt

Hkam Sap Hpa son of Hkam Pong Hpa

Hkam Sip Hpa younger brother of Hkam Sap Hpa 703-753

Ni Hpa Maung 753-793 son of Hkam Sip Hpa

Sao Hkun Hpa 793-834 son of Ni Hpa Maung

Hso Hkai Hpa 834-863 son of Sao Hkun Hpa

Hso Han Hpa 863-901 son of Hso Hkai Hpa

Hso Tao Hpa 901-933 son of Hso-Han-Hpa

Hso Pwot Hpa 933-960 son of Hso Tao Hpa

Hso Won Hpa 960-983 son of Hso Pwot Hpa

Hso Hon Hpa 983-995 son of Hso Won Hpa

Hso Hau Hpa 995-1014 (son of Hso Hon Hpa)

Hso Lip Hpa 1014-1035 (son of Hso Hau Hpa)

Hkun Kwat Hpa 1035-1050

Hso Tai Hpa 1050-1062 (son of Hkun Kwat Hpa)

Hso Lung Hpa 1062-1081 (son of Hso Tai Hpa)

Sao Sang Mwun 1081-1096 (son of Hso Lu Hpa)

Sao Sang Yaw 1096-1103 (son of Sao Sang Mwun)

Hso Tai Hpa 1103-1112 (younger brother of Sao Sang Yaw)

Sao Sein Nga 1112-1123 (son of Hso Tai Hpa)

Sao Lung Chu 1123-1137 (younger brother of Sao Sein Nga)

Sao Nga Chu 1137-1145 (son of Sao Lung Chu)

Sao Hkun Ming 1145-1163 (son of Sao Nga Chu)

Sao Hkun Kum 1163-1171 (son of Sao Hkun Ming)

Sao Tai Pum 1171-1188 (son of Sao Hkun Kum)

Sao Tai Lung 1188-1203 (son of Sao Tai Pum)

Pam Yau Pung 1203-1210 son of Sao Tai Lung

(His younger brother Fu San Kang (Hpo San Kang) became the saopha of Möngmit)

Sao Ai Mo Kang Neng 1210 -1220

He was the one of descendants from the saopha of Maing-Nyaung

Hso Kwam Hpa (Hso Hkaan Hpa) son of Sao Ai Mo Kang Neng 1220-1250

(He has younger brother name's Sam Lung Kung Maing (Sam Lung Hpa) became the saopha of Möngkawng)

Hso Piu Hpa 1250-1282 (son of Hso Kwam Hpa)

Tai Peng (Hso Kam Hpa) 1282-1285 (son of Hso Piu Hpa)

Hso Wak Hpa 1285-1315

(He established the present of the city located)

Ai Puk 1315-1330 (son of Hso Wak Hpa)

Vacant 1330-1339

Hso Ki Hpa (Tai Pong) 1339-1346

Tai Lung 1346-1396 (son of Hso Ki Hpa (Tai Pong))

Sao Lwei (Hso Tit Hpa) 1396-1415 (son of Tai Lung)

Hso Ngan Hpa 1415-1445 (son of Sao Lwei or Hso Tit Hpa)

Vacant 1445-1448

Sao Lam Kon Kam Hpa 1448-1461 (son of Hso Ngan Hpa but some source told he is the uncle of Hso Wak Hpa)

Hso Hum Hpa 1461-1490 (son of Sao Lam Kon Kam Hpa)

Hso Kaa Hpa 1490-1496 (son of Hso Hum Hpa)

Hso Pim Hpa (nickname is Kyie-poi-pei-ma) 1496-1516 (son of Hso Kaa Hpa)

Hso Hom Hpa 1516-1604 (son of Hso Pim Hpa)

Sao Poreing 1604-1611 (son of Hso Hom Hpa)

Kan Kyaung Hpa 1611-1646 (son of Hso Hkwa Hpa the saopha of Wanmaw state)

Hso Lon Hpa 1646-? (son of Kan Kyaung Hpa)

Hso Jueng Hpa (son of Hso Lung Hpa)

Hso Joem Hpa (son of Hso Jueng Hpa)

Hso Choeun Hpa ?-1699 (son of Hso Joem Hpa)

Hso Piam Hpa 1699-1726 (son of Hso Choeun Hpa)

Hso Chu Hpa 1726-? (son of Hso Piam Hpa)

Hso Ying Hpa ?-1787 (son of Hso Chu Hpa)

Hso Wen Hpa 1787-? (son of Hso Ying Hpa)

Hso Jing Hpa ?-1814 (younger brother of Hso Wen Hpa)

Hso Lam Hpa 1814-? (son of Hso Jing Hpa)

Hso Suan Hpa (son of Hso Lam Hpa)

Hso Yew Hpa ?-1894 (son of Hso Suan Hpa)

Hso Klai Hpa 1894-1928 (son of Hso Yew Hpa)

Hso An Hpa 1928-1929 (son of Hso Klai Hpa)

Hso Yoew Hpa 1929-1955 (son of Hso An Hpa)

Thao Jing Pan 1929-1940 (uncle of Hso Yoew Hpa (younger brother of Hso Yoew Hpa's mother))

Fang Hkuea Shang 1940-1942 (Hso Yoew Hpa' another uncle)

Mong Htung, Mong Tong edit

Establised in 1407 by Thao Kying Hpa from Möng Hkang the site biside in the northeast of Möng Hkang around 50 km., the first saopha gave tribute to Ming Dynasty and then 23 saophas descendant among 542 years during 1407-1949

1) Thao Kying Hpa 1407-1420 from Möng Hkang
2) Thao Kying Sawng 1420-1440 (bro)
3) Thao Kying Chang 1440-1456 (bro)
4) Kying Toen Hpa 1456-1485 (son of Thao Kying Hpa)
5) Kying Long Hpa 1485-1501 (son)
6) Kying Kyua Hpa 1501-1529 (son)
7) Kying Tiaw Hpa 1529-1547 (son)
8) Kying Kyong Kyoen 1547-1557 (bro)
9) Kying Htung Hpa 1557-1570 (bro)
10) Kying Klua Hpa (Kying Hkoe Tai) 1570-1600 (son of Kying Tiaw Hpa)
11) Kying Xoeng Hpa 1600-1625 (son)
12) Kying Long Mong 1625-1647 (son)
13) Kying Yawn Hpa 1647-1656 (bro)
14) Kying Yawn Mong 1656-1670 (bro)
15) Kying Htoeng Hpa 1670-1684 (son)
16) Kying Fu Hpa 1684-1700 (bro)
17) Kying Kyuang Hpa 1700-1721 (bro)
18) Kying Kyai Pang 1721-1758 (son)
19) Kying Ching Chang 1758-1800 (son)
20) Kying Ching Kyao 1800-1837 (son)
21) Kying Fung Hpa 1837-1889 (son)
22) Kying Yoew Hpa 1889-1911 (son)
23) Kying Chao Vieng 1911-1949 (son)

Mong Hkang edit

The saophas lineage from Möng Mao Löng Thao Möng Hpa (Tai Hkong) the son of Tai Phong (Hso Chi Hpa) 36th soapha of Möng Mao (1339-1346) established in 1355, his older brother Tai Lung (346-1396) was 37th saopha at Mao Löng, Mong Hkang have 21 saophas since 1355-1906

Saophas :

1) Thao Möng Hpa 1355-1368
2) Nawng Pu 1368-1390 (son)
3) Nawng Kwang 1390-1410 (son)
4) Thao Möng Oum 1410-1418 (bro)
5) Thao Möng Hkoum 1418-1465 son of Nawng Kwang
6) Thao Möng Kya 1465-1530 (son)
7) Thao Möng Kyuang 1530-1555
8) Thao Möng Kyan Tha (Thao Möng Kyaing) 1555-1583
9) Thao Möng Kyoeng Hpa (Thao Möng Chang Nyue, Thai Möng Hseng) 1583-1612 (bro)
Vacant 1612-1621
10) Thao Möng Kyueng 1621-1656 (son)
11) Thao Möng Chiang Ta 1656-1698 (son)
12) Thao Möng Kyoen Haw 1698-1726
13) Thao Möng Ting Hpa 1726-1778
14) Thao Möng Chiang Muen 1778-1789
15) Thao Möng Xiang 1789-1796 (bro)
16) Thao Möng Yiam Hpa 1796-1821 (son)
17) Thao Möng Khuea Chang 1822-1861 (son)
18) Thao Möng Choen Hpa 1861-1873 (son)
19) Thao Möng Kying Hpa 1878-1890 (bro)
20) Thao Möng Chuan Hpa 1890-1891 (son)
21) Thao Möng Xiao Hpa 1891-1906 (bro)

Mong Myen (Möngmyen) edit

The Saopha of Mong Myen system began in 1385, with the first Saopha being a descendant of the Mäo Long migrating group. At present, it is the district of Mong Myen. Lahu Wa Autonomous Region Shuangjiang, Linchang Province, Yunnan State, China (in ancient times was the kingdom of the Tai Yai people), there are 25 Saophas in total as follows:

Saophas:

Hkam Tai Hpa 1385-1421
Hso Hkan Mei 1421-1448
Hkam Kyeng Hpa 1448-1448 (6 months)
Kan Lang Hpa (Hkam Hting) 1448-1477
Hkam Perd Hpa 1477-1499
Hkam Laing Hpa (Sao Hkam Laing) 1499-1528
Hkam Kyoum Hpa 1528-1547
Hkam Khin Hpa 1547-1575
Hkam Man Hpa 1575-1599
Hkam Ting Hpa 1599-1624
Hkam King Hpa 1624-1651
Hkam Kyaung Hpa 1651-1673
Hkam Baw Hpa 1673-1691
Hkam Sai Hpa 1691-1715
Hkam Hkoeng Hpa 1715-1745
Hkam Htord Hpa 1745-1769
Hkam Ku Hpa 1769-1801
Sao Kyaum Hkam 1801-1813
Hkam Kaw Hpa 1813-1842
Hkam Hkoeng Hpa 1842-1851
Hkam Tung Hpa 1851-1866
Hkam Oung Hpa 1866-1887
Hkam Hsawng Hpa 1887-1905
Hpa Lung Tai Pang 1905-1917
Hkam Hub Hpa 1917-1930 (the last saopha)

Mong Lem (Mönglem) edit

Prince Mönglem Luang Haw Hkam system started in 1289 Fifty-one six-billed Thai era The first Saopha, known as Sao Hkam Pak Hpa, was of Tai descent from Mäo Long who migrated to the south and asked for land from the Wa people. indigenous people Sao Hkam Pak Hpa offered a large number of cattle and buffaloes to beg for the daughter of Mang Sam Thao. The head of the Wa clan in Mangloen Township became a goddess. And it has become customary for the prince Mönglem to marry a Wa woman from Möng Mangloen There were 28 Saophas in Mönglem as follows:

Saophas:

Hkam Pak Hpa 1289-1309
Thao Hkam Hueng (Town Fai Hueng) 1308-1348
Thao Hkam Suan (Town Fai Suan) 1349-1406
Thao Fai Hkan 1407-1439
Thao Fai Hkaan 1440-1465
Thao Fai Hke 1466-1481
Thao Fai Taan 1482-1492
Thao Fai Chin 1493-1514
Thao Fai Hpa 1515-1547
Thao Fai Hkang 1548-1560
Thao Fai Kyoung 1561-1581
Thao Fai Sing 1582-1595
Thao Fai Kyen 1595-1603
Thao Fai Tin 1603-1662
Thao Fai Lae 1662-1708
Thao Fai Yew 1709-1737
Thao Fai Soon 1738-1762
Thao Hseng Fai Yong (Town Fai Yong) 1762-1765
Thao Fai Hsen 1766-1768
Thao Fai Sin 1769-1790
Thao Fai Koong 1791-1805
Thao Fai Sang 1805-1813
Thao Fai Ming 1814-1826
Thao Fai Soen 1827-1847
Thao Fai Sone 1848-1879
Thao Fai Hua 1880-1893
Thao Fai Yawng 1894-1930
Thao Fai Hkong 1931-1949 (the last saopha)

Mong Hkawn edit

Möng Hkawn မန်စီ (မိုးဟွမ်)

Before 1443 this area have an informal Tai leader to ruled the area

In 1443 Emperor Yingzong of Ming established the first saopha he gave Möng Ban and Möng Ya beside Nu river to combined together with Mong Hkawn, in 1591 Fang Kawn Hpa the 5th saopha assasinated by Yue Feng the revolte's leader but the revolte suppressed down by General. Lui Dadao of Ming dynasty and established Fang Wei Hpa, the younger brother of Fang Kawn Hpa to be the ruler continued there lineages

Saophas :

1) Fang Htin Chang 1443-1459

Vacant 1459-1465

2) Fang Choen Hpa 1465-1487

Vacant 1487-1506

3) Fang Kloe Hpa 1506-1518

Vacant 1518-1523

4) Fang Fu Hpa 1523-1573

5) Fang Kawn Hpa 1573-1592 (son of Fang Fu Hpa, assasinated by Yue Feng the revolted's leader)

6) Fang Wei Hpa 1592-1595 (younger brother of Fang Kawn Hpa, established by General Lui Dadao from Ming Dynasty)

Vacant 1595-1596

7) Fang Hpo Hpa 1596-1639 (2nd son of Fang Wei Hpa)

Vacant 1639-1640

8) Fang Hting Choeng 1640-1647 (son of Fang Hpo Hpa, kinnaped by burmese troop in 1647)

Vacant 1647-1648

9) Fang Ku Chang 1648-1658 (son of Fang Hting Choeng)

Vacant 1658-1661

10) Fang Arb Hpa 1661-1664 (son of Fang Ku Chang)

Vacant 1664-1668

11) Fang Htien Tien 1668-1673 (son of Fang Ku Chang)

12) Fang Hmi Kaeo 1673-1685 (son of Fang Arb Hpa)

13) Fang Hmi Hkoeng 1685-1694 (younger brother of Fang Hmi Kaeo)

Vacant 1694-1696

14) Fang Htiet Hpa 1696-1713 (son of Fang Hmi Hkoeng)

Vacant 1713-1716

15) Fang Ngan Hpa 1716-1738 (1st son of Fang Htiet Hpa)

Vacant 1738-1741

16) Fang Hsu Fun 1741-1770 (son of Fang Ngan Hpa) 1st time

Vacant 1770-1771

17) Fang Ngoen Chang 1771-1772 (suicided hanged himself)

18) Fang Hsu Fun 1772-1774 2nd time

19) Fang Lue Cha 1774-1796 (second son of Fang Hsu Fun)

Vacant 1796-1798

20) Fang Hso Kyao 1798-1816 (son of Fang Lue Cha)

21) Fang Xing Hpa 1816-1821 (killed by the revolt)

22) Fang Hso Hao 1821-1826 (the cousin of Fang Xing Hpa)

23) Fang Earn Hpa 1826-1849 (first son of Fang Xing Hpa)

24) Fang Chuen Hpa 1849-1858 (younger brother of Fang Earn Hpa)

Vacant 1858-1875

25) Fang Ching Lu 1875-1877 (1st son of Fang Chuen Hpa)

Vacant 1877-1879

26) Fang Ching Chao 1879-1889 (younger brother of Fang Chuen Hpa)

27) Fang Ching Yung 1889-1889 (younger brother of Fang Ching Chao)

28) Fang Kyantha 1889-1910 (son of Fang Ching Lu)

29) Fang Hkue Mawng 1910-1931 (son of Fang Kyantha)

Vacant 1931-1933

30) Fang Meik Lawng 1933-1936 (son of Fang Hkue Mawng)

31) Fang Hkue Hkwan 1936-1953 (3rd son of Fang Kyantha)

32) Fang Hkue Chang 1944-1948 (4th son of Fang Kyantha, he moved to be saopha of Mong Mao

33) Fang Yue Hpa 1948-1955 (5th son of Fang Kyantha, he ruled Mong Hkawn together with Fang Hkwa Hpa since 1953-1955)

34) Fang Hkwa Hpa 1953-1955 (last saopha) younger brother of Fang Yue Hpa

Möng Wan edit

Möng Wan was a Tai community for thousands of years. The city's name means city of the sun. The official saopha was established in the year 1384 came from the city of Möng Mao (Muang Mao Lông). In 1441, the saopha clan was overthrown by Kong Sang, a local Shan people. and established himself as saopha from the line of Kong Sang, with 28 saophas inherited from the reigns

Saophas :

1) Hso Lwan Hpa 1384-?
2) Hso Ching Hpa (son)
3) Hso Yuen Hpa (younger brother) ?-1442 d.1446
4) Hso Chi Hpa 1442-1443 (captured in 1450) d. 1454
5) Thao Xian Jao
6) Thao Tian Hpa
7) Kawng Sang 1444-1446 the local Tai people made coup état to the descendants royal from Möng Mao and establised himself to be saopha instead the original lineage
8) Thao Tian Hpa 1446-?
9) Hso Thao Wei Möng (son) ?-1483
10) HsobThao Xueng Hpa (son) 1483-1509
11) Thao Gan Hpa 1509-1529
12) Thao Kying Hpa 1529-1567
13) Thao Than Kyaw 1567-1583
14) Thao Chuea Hnin 1583-1588
15) Thao Kyong Hpa 1588-1599
16) Thao Hso Choen 1599-1602
17) Thao Earn Möng 1602-1607
18) Thao Earn Kying 1607-1649
19) Thao Chao Neng 1649-1660
20) Thao Choeng Su 1660-1672
21) Thao Kyue Kaw 1672-1697
22) Thao Chue Shan 1697-1722
23) Thao Yi Chan 1722-1738
24) Thao Yao Koong 1738-1755
25) Thao Kyao Choen 1755-1775
26) Thao Yao Joer 1775-1782
27) Thao Jao Hwe 1782-1819
28) Thao Htin Hao 1819-1844
29) Thao Kyan Pang 1844-1869
30) Thao Wei Kyan 1869-1878
31) Thao Hso Chang 1878-1889
32) Thao Kyaung Chue 1889-1906
33) Thao Kyaung Yao 1906-1936
34) Thao Yanda 1936-1958

Chiang Hung Sipsongpanna or Keng Hung edit

Phanya Coeng, Paya Jueang the King of Ngoenyang Kingdom established Keng Hung in 1160

Saophas :

1160-1180 Phanya Coeng, Paya Jueang
1181-1201 Sam Hkai Nueng
1201-1224 Ai Phoung
1225-1246 Thao Hung Kaen Chaing
1246-1271 Thao Haeng Luang
1272-1285 Thao Phou Wark
1285-1286 Yi Phiang Larg Chaing
1286-1345 Sao Ai
1346-1390 Sao Hkan Möng
1391-1413 Sao Sida Hkam
1413-1414 Thao Koum Mane
1414-1415 Thao Kue Möng
1415-1416 Thao Ba Gaung
1416-1434 Thao Saung Möng (join with Hso Luang Hpa)
1417-1431 Hso Luang Hpa (join with Thao Saung Möng)
1432-1457 Thao Pra Saeng (Pha Saeng)
1458-1490 Thao Sam Phau Lue Tai
1490-1504 Sam Hkai Nueng
1504-1538 Sao Hkan Möng
1538-1561 Sao Sri Samaphan
1561-1578 Sao Oun Möng
1578-1579 Sao Sri Sunantha
1579-1583 Sao Inn Möng
1583-1628 Sao Naw Möng
1628-1644 Sao Srisuthamma
1645-1658 Sao Möm Hkam Lue
1658-1666 Sao Möm Thao
1665-1672 Sao Naw Möng
1672-1686 Sao Möng Thao
1686-1726 Sao Phaeng Möng
1726-1729 Thao Chin Phao
1729-1767 Thao Sao Wen
1772-1777 Thao Wui Phin
1777-1797 Sao Möm Suwan
1797-1802 Sao Möm Mahawongse
1803-1834 Sao Maha Nwe 1803-1834
1834-1864 Suchawan Rachabutra
1864-1876 Sao Möm Saw
1878-1925 Sao Möm Hkam Lue
1925-1943 Suwanprakang
1944-1950 Sao Möm Hkam Lue

References edit

^ The Upper Burma Gazetteer, pp. 217–223.
^ James George Scott; John Percy Hardiman. Gazetteer of Upper Burma and the Shan States, Part 2, Volume 2. p. 5. He was succeeded in 1012 B.E. (1650) by his younger brother, Sao Ne Ya, who reigned for thirty years. He left no children and was succeeded by his wife, who held the State for three years and then died.
^ James George Scott; John Percy Hardiman. Gazetteer of Upper Burma and the Shan States, Part 2, Volume 2. p. 6. Hkun Hkawt, a brother of Hkun Lek, was appointed Sawbwa, but died in four years. In 1228 B.E. (1866), therefore, his youngest sister, one of the Queens, was appointed to the charge of Lai Hka with the title of Myoza. She appointed myooks and myo-teins to govern the State for her. This continued for two years and then the former Sawbwa, Hkun Mawng, now become a youth, was appointed to the State.
^ Nisbet 1901, p. 153.

Bibliography edit

E. R. Leach (1954). The Political System of Highland Burma.
Nisbet, John (1901). Burma Under British Rule—and Before. Vol. 1. Archbald Constable & Company.
Sao Sāimöng, The Shan States and the British Annexation. Cornell University, Cornell, 1969 (2nd ed.)
Sao Sāimöng Mangrāi, The Pādaeng Chronicle and the Jengtung State Chronicle Translated. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1981
J. G. Scott (1900–1901). Gazetteer of Upper Burma and the Shan States. Rangoon: superintendent, Government printing. 5 vols.
J. G. Scott, Burma: a handbook of practical information. London, 1906
Shan States and Karenni List of Chiefs and Leading Families (corrected up to 1939), Government of India Press, Simla, 1943

External links edit

WorldStatesmen - Myanmar(Burma)- Shan&Karenni states

[FOOTNOTEThe_Upper_Burma_Gazetteer217–223-1] The Upper Burma Gazetteer, pp. 217–223.

[2] James George Scott; John Percy Hardiman. Gazetteer of Upper Burma and the Shan States, Part 2, Volume 2. p. 5. He was succeeded in 1012 B.E. (1650) by his younger brother, Sao Ne Ya, who reigned for thirty years. He left no children and was succeeded by his wife, who held the State for three years and then died.

[3] James George Scott; John Percy Hardiman. Gazetteer of Upper Burma and the Shan States, Part 2, Volume 2. p. 6. Hkun Hkawt, a brother of Hkun Lek, was appointed Sawbwa, but died in four years. In 1228 B.E. (1866), therefore, his youngest sister, one of the Queens, was appointed to the charge of Lai Hka with the title of Myoza. She appointed myooks and myo-teins to govern the State for her. This continued for two years and then the former Sawbwa, Hkun Mawng, now become a youth, was appointed to the State.

[FOOTNOTENisbet1901153-4] Nisbet 1901, p. 153.

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