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Linker for activation of T cells

December 15, 2023

The Linker for activation of T cells, also known as linker of activated T cells or LAT, is a protein involved in the T-cell antigen receptor signal transduction pathway which in humans is encoded by the LAT gene.[5] Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.[6]

LAT
Identifiers
AliasesLAT, Lat, LAT1, pp36, linker for activation of T-cells, IMD52, linker for activation of T cells
External IDsOMIM: 602354 MGI: 1342293 HomoloGene: 7811 GeneCards: LAT
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

27040

16797

Ensembl

ENSG00000213658

ENSMUSG00000030742

UniProt

O43561

O54957

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001014987
NM_001014988
NM_001014989
NM_014387

NM_010689

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001014987
NP_001014988
NP_001014989
NP_055202

NP_034819

Location (UCSC)Chr 16: 28.98 – 28.99 MbChr 7: 125.96 – 125.97 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Function edit

The LAT protein encoded by the gene of the same name, plays a key role in the diversification of T cell signaling pathways following activation of the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) signal transduction pathway, which is first catalyzed by TCR binding to MHC class II. LAT is a transmembrane protein localizes to lipid rafts (also known as glycosphingolipid-enriched microdomains or GEMs) and acts as a docking site for SH2 domain-containing proteins.[7] Upon phosphorylation, this protein recruits multiple adaptor proteins and downstream signaling molecules into multimolecular signaling complexes located near the site of TCR engagement.[6] In mouse thymocytes, lack of functional LAT or the inability for LAT to be phosphorylated leads to complete lack of T cell development. Moreover, mutation and deletion of LAT hampers overall TCR mediated T cell response.[8]

Signaling Pathway edit

Prior to phosphorylation of LAT, the TCR signal transduction pathway is initiated by a TCR interacting with peptide bound MHC, and immediately leads to the activation of LCK and Fyn, which are members of the Src family of kinases.[8] Activated LCK subsequently phosphorylates the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) of the T-cell surface glycoprotein CD3 zeta chain, which is a protein associated with the TCR complex, in two specific locations.[9] The phosphorylated ITAMs of the CD3 zeta chain allows for ZAP-70, a Syk family protein tyrosine kinase, to bind, become activated, and phosphorylate LAT.[10]

ZAP-70 phosphorylates tyrosines on LAT, specifically tyrosines 171, 191, and 226 is able to interact with adaptor proteins that have a SH2 domain, and are members of the Grb2 protein family, such as Gads.[11][9] Moreover, phosphorylation of LAT tyrosine 132 allows for  PLCγ1-LAT association, which, when combined with concurrent Gads binding to tyrosines 171 or 191 of LAT, allows for the formation of a LAT-nucleated signaling complex. LAT-interacting Gads attracts the binding of SLP-76, which recruits additional effector molecules that assist in the stabilization of PLCγ1 binding to the LAT complex.[11] The resulting LAT signaling complex, which contains the molecules  PLCγ1, Grb2, Gads, SLP-76 and the necessary associated ligands thus allow for diversification of the TCR signaling pathway through actin production, the activation of transcription factors, and other messaging signals.[11]

Discovery edit

LAT was described in the early 1990s as a phosphoprotein of 36–38 kDa (pp. 36–38) rapidly phosphorylated on tyrosine residues following TCR ligation.[12] Cloning of the gene revealed that the protein product is a type III (leaderless) transmembrane protein of 262 aminoacids (long form) or 233 aminoacids (short form) in humans, 242 aminoacids in mouse, and 241 aminoacids in rat.[5][13]

Interactions edit

The Linker for Activation of T cells has been shown to interact with:

References edit

  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000213658 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000030742 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ a b c d e Zhang W, Sloan-Lancaster J, Kitchen J, Trible RP, Samelson LE (January 1998). "LAT: the ZAP-70 tyrosine kinase substrate that links T cell receptor to cellular activation". Cell. 92 (1): 83–92. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80901-0. PMID 9489702. S2CID 1806525.
  6. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: LAT Linker of Activated T cells".
  7. ^ Horejsí V (March 2004). "Transmembrane adaptor proteins in membrane microdomains: important regulators of immunoreceptor signaling". Immunology Letters. 92 (1–2): 43–49. doi:10.1016/j.imlet.2003.10.013. PMID 15081526.
  8. ^ a b Balagopalan L, Kortum RL, Coussens NP, Barr VA, Samelson LE (October 2015). "The linker for activation of T cells (LAT) signaling hub: from signaling complexes to microclusters". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 290 (44): 26422–26429. doi:10.1074/jbc.R115.665869. PMC 4646300. PMID 26354432.
  9. ^ a b Lo WL, Weiss A (2021-04-16). "Adapting T Cell Receptor Ligand Discrimination Capability via LAT". Frontiers in Immunology. 12: 673196. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.673196. PMC 8085316. PMID 33936119.
  10. ^ Shah K, Al-Haidari A, Sun J, Kazi JU (December 2021). "T cell receptor (TCR) signaling in health and disease". Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy. 6 (1): 412. doi:10.1038/s41392-021-00823-w. PMC 8666445. PMID 34897277.
  11. ^ a b c Bartelt RR, Houtman JC (2013). "The adaptor protein LAT serves as an integration node for signaling pathways that drive T cell activation". Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Systems Biology and Medicine. 5 (1): 101–110. doi:10.1002/wsbm.1194. PMC 3883108. PMID 23150273.
  12. ^ Sieh M, Batzer A, Schlessinger J, Weiss A (July 1994). "GRB2 and phospholipase C-gamma 1 associate with a 36- to 38-kilodalton phosphotyrosine protein after T-cell receptor stimulation". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 14 (7): 4435–4442. doi:10.1128/MCB.14.7.4435. PMC 358815. PMID 7516467.
  13. ^ Weber JR, Orstavik S, Torgersen KM, Danbolt NC, Berg SF, Ryan JC, et al. (April 1998). "Molecular cloning of the cDNA encoding pp36, a tyrosine-phosphorylated adaptor protein selectively expressed by T cells and natural killer cells". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 187 (7): 1157–1161. doi:10.1084/jem.187.7.1157. PMC 2212210. PMID 9529333.
  14. ^ Liu SK, Fang N, Koretzky GA, McGlade CJ (January 1999). "The hematopoietic-specific adaptor protein gads functions in T-cell signaling via interactions with the SLP-76 and LAT adaptors". Current Biology. 9 (2): 67–75. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(99)80017-7. PMID 10021361. S2CID 14131281.
  15. ^ Asada H, Ishii N, Sasaki Y, Endo K, Kasai H, Tanaka N, et al. (May 1999). "Grf40, A novel Grb2 family member, is involved in T cell signaling through interaction with SLP-76 and LAT". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 189 (9): 1383–1390. doi:10.1084/jem.189.9.1383. PMC 2193052. PMID 10224278.
  16. ^ a b c d e Perez-Villar JJ, Whitney GS, Sitnick MT, Dunn RJ, Venkatesan S, O'Day K, et al. (August 2002). "Phosphorylation of the linker for activation of T-cells by Itk promotes recruitment of Vav". Biochemistry. 41 (34): 10732–10740. doi:10.1021/bi025554o. PMID 12186560.
  17. ^ a b c d e Paz PE, Wang S, Clarke H, Lu X, Stokoe D, Abo A (June 2001). "Mapping the Zap-70 phosphorylation sites on LAT (linker for activation of T cells) required for recruitment and activation of signalling proteins in T cells". The Biochemical Journal. 356 (Pt 2): 461–471. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3560461. PMC 1221857. PMID 11368773.
  18. ^ Shan X, Wange RL (October 1999). "Itk/Emt/Tsk activation in response to CD3 cross-linking in Jurkat T cells requires ZAP-70 and Lat and is independent of membrane recruitment". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (41): 29323–29330. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.41.29323. PMID 10506192.
  19. ^ Ling P, Meyer CF, Redmond LP, Shui JW, Davis B, Rich RR, et al. (June 2001). "Involvement of hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 in T cell receptor signaling". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (22): 18908–18914. doi:10.1074/jbc.M101485200. PMID 11279207.
  20. ^ Zhang W, Trible RP, Samelson LE (August 1998). "LAT palmitoylation: its essential role in membrane microdomain targeting and tyrosine phosphorylation during T cell activation". Immunity. 9 (2): 239–246. doi:10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80606-8. PMID 9729044.
  21. ^ Lindholm CK, Gylfe E, Zhang W, Samelson LE, Welsh M (September 1999). "Requirement of the Src homology 2 domain protein Shb for T cell receptor-dependent activation of the interleukin-2 gene nuclear factor for activation of T cells element in Jurkat T cells". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (39): 28050–28057. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.39.28050. PMID 10488157.
  22. ^ Lindholm CK, Henriksson ML, Hallberg B, Welsh M (July 2002). "Shb links SLP-76 and Vav with the CD3 complex in Jurkat T cells". European Journal of Biochemistry. 269 (13): 3279–3288. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.03008.x. PMID 12084069.

Further reading edit

  • Wange RL (December 2000). "LAT, the linker for activation of T cells: a bridge between T cell-specific and general signaling pathways". Science's STKE. 2000 (63): re1. doi:10.1126/stke.2000.63.re1. PMID 11752630. S2CID 31968793.
  • Sommers CL, Samelson LE, Love PE (January 2004). "LAT: a T lymphocyte adapter protein that couples the antigen receptor to downstream signaling pathways". BioEssays. 26 (1): 61–67. doi:10.1002/bies.10384. PMID 14696041.
  • Rivera J (March 2005). "NTAL/LAB and LAT: a balancing act in mast-cell activation and function". Trends in Immunology. 26 (3): 119–122. doi:10.1016/j.it.2005.01.001. PMID 15745852.
  • Trüb T, Frantz JD, Miyazaki M, Band H, Shoelson SE (January 1997). "The role of a lymphoid-restricted, Grb2-like SH3-SH2-SH3 protein in T cell receptor signaling". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (2): 894–902. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.2.894. PMID 8995379.
  • Hendricks-Taylor LR, Motto DG, Zhang J, Siraganian RP, Koretzky GA (January 1997). "SLP-76 is a substrate of the high affinity IgE receptor-stimulated protein tyrosine kinases in rat basophilic leukemia cells". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (2): 1363–1367. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.2.1363. PMID 8995445.
  • Zhang W, Sloan-Lancaster J, Kitchen J, Trible RP, Samelson LE (January 1998). "LAT: the ZAP-70 tyrosine kinase substrate that links T cell receptor to cellular activation". Cell. 92 (1): 83–92. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80901-0. PMID 9489702. S2CID 1806525.
  • Weber JR, Orstavik S, Torgersen KM, Danbolt NC, Berg SF, Ryan JC, et al. (April 1998). "Molecular cloning of the cDNA encoding pp36, a tyrosine-phosphorylated adaptor protein selectively expressed by T cells and natural killer cells". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 187 (7): 1157–1161. doi:10.1084/jem.187.7.1157. PMC 2212210. PMID 9529333.
  • Zhang W, Trible RP, Samelson LE (August 1998). "LAT palmitoylation: its essential role in membrane microdomain targeting and tyrosine phosphorylation during T cell activation". Immunity. 9 (2): 239–246. doi:10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80606-8. PMID 9729044.
  • Finco TS, Kadlecek T, Zhang W, Samelson LE, Weiss A (November 1998). "LAT is required for TCR-mediated activation of PLCgamma1 and the Ras pathway". Immunity. 9 (5): 617–626. doi:10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80659-7. PMID 9846483.
  • Sarkar S (December 1998). "Tyrosine phosphorylation and translocation of LAT in platelets". FEBS Letters. 441 (3): 357–360. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(98)01584-1. PMID 9891970. S2CID 22219232.
  • Liu SK, Fang N, Koretzky GA, McGlade CJ (January 1999). "The hematopoietic-specific adaptor protein gads functions in T-cell signaling via interactions with the SLP-76 and LAT adaptors". Current Biology. 9 (2): 67–75. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(99)80017-7. PMID 10021361. S2CID 14131281.
  • Jevremovic D, Billadeau DD, Schoon RA, Dick CJ, Irvin BJ, Zhang W, et al. (March 1999). "Cutting edge: a role for the adaptor protein LAT in human NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity". Journal of Immunology. 162 (5): 2453–2456. PMID 10072481.
  • Zhang W, Sommers CL, Burshtyn DN, Stebbins CC, DeJarnette JB, Trible RP, et al. (March 1999). "Essential role of LAT in T cell development". Immunity. 10 (3): 323–332. doi:10.1016/S1074-7613(00)80032-1. PMID 10204488.
  • Tang J, Sawasdikosol S, Chang JH, Burakoff SJ (August 1999). "SLAP, a dimeric adapter protein, plays a functional role in T cell receptor signaling". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 96 (17): 9775–9780. Bibcode:1999PNAS...96.9775T. doi:10.1073/pnas.96.17.9775. PMC 22286. PMID 10449770.
  • Gross BS, Melford SK, Watson SP (August 1999). "Evidence that phospholipase C-gamma2 interacts with SLP-76, Syk, Lyn, LAT and the Fc receptor gamma-chain after stimulation of the collagen receptor glycoprotein VI in human platelets". European Journal of Biochemistry. 263 (3): 612–623. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00560.x. PMID 10469124.
  • Lindholm CK, Gylfe E, Zhang W, Samelson LE, Welsh M (September 1999). "Requirement of the Src homology 2 domain protein Shb for T cell receptor-dependent activation of the interleukin-2 gene nuclear factor for activation of T cells element in Jurkat T cells". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (39): 28050–28057. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.39.28050. PMID 10488157.
  • Shan X, Wange RL (October 1999). "Itk/Emt/Tsk activation in response to CD3 cross-linking in Jurkat T cells requires ZAP-70 and Lat and is independent of membrane recruitment". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (41): 29323–29330. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.41.29323. PMID 10506192.
  • Bosselut R, Zhang W, Ashe JM, Kopacz JL, Samelson LE, Singer A (November 1999). "Association of the adaptor molecule LAT with CD4 and CD8 coreceptors identifies a new coreceptor function in T cell receptor signal transduction". The Journal of Experimental Medicine. 190 (10): 1517–1526. doi:10.1084/jem.190.10.1517. PMC 2195704. PMID 10562325.
  • Tridandapani S, Lyden TW, Smith JL, Carter JE, Coggeshall KM, Anderson CL (July 2000). "The adapter protein LAT enhances fcgamma receptor-mediated signal transduction in myeloid cells". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (27): 20480–20487. doi:10.1074/jbc.M909462199. PMID 10781611.
  • Zhang W, Trible RP, Zhu M, Liu SK, McGlade CJ, Samelson LE (July 2000). "Association of Grb2, Gads, and phospholipase C-gamma 1 with phosphorylated LAT tyrosine residues. Effect of LAT tyrosine mutations on T cell angigen receptor-mediated signaling". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 (30): 23355–23361. doi:10.1074/jbc.M000404200. PMID 10811803.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

December 15, 2023
linker, activation, cells, also, known, linker, activated, cells, protein, involved, cell, antigen, receptor, signal, transduction, pathway, which, humans, encoded, gene, alternative, splicing, results, multiple, transcript, variants, encoding, different, isof. The Linker for activation of T cells also known as linker of activated T cells or LAT is a protein involved in the T cell antigen receptor signal transduction pathway which in humans is encoded by the LAT gene 5 Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms 6 LATIdentifiersAliasesLAT Lat LAT1 pp36 linker for activation of T cells IMD52 linker for activation of T cellsExternal IDsOMIM 602354 MGI 1342293 HomoloGene 7811 GeneCards LATGene location Human Chr Chromosome 16 human 1 Band16p11 2Start28 984 826 bp 1 End28 990 784 bp 1 Gene location Mouse Chr Chromosome 7 mouse 2 Band7 7 F3Start125 962 996 bp 2 End125 968 742 bp 2 RNA expression patternBgeeHumanMouse ortholog Top expressed inlymph nodebloodappendixright coronary arteryspleenpopliteal arterymonocyteascending aortaleft coronary arterygastric mucosaTop expressed inthymusbloodspleensubcutaneous adipose tissuebone marrowpharynxmorulaentorhinal cortextracheobronchial treerenal corpuscleMore reference expression dataBioGPSn aGene ontologyMolecular functionprotein binding protein kinase bindingCellular componentintegral component of membrane membrane cell cell junction mast cell granule immunological synapse membrane raft COP9 signalosome Golgi apparatus plasma membraneBiological processintracellular signal transduction adaptive immune response gene expression homeostasis of number of cells regulation of T cell activation immune system process lymphocyte homeostasis MAPK cascade Fc epsilon receptor signaling pathway immune response integrin mediated signaling pathway mast cell degranulation inflammatory response T cell receptor signaling pathway T cell activation calcium mediated signaling signal transduction positive regulation of protein kinase activity Ras protein signal transduction positive regulation of signal transductionSources Amigo QuickGOOrthologsSpeciesHumanMouseEntrez2704016797EnsemblENSG00000213658ENSMUSG00000030742UniProtO43561O54957RefSeq mRNA NM 001014987NM 001014988NM 001014989NM 014387NM 010689RefSeq protein NP 001014987NP 001014988NP 001014989NP 055202NP 034819Location UCSC Chr 16 28 98 28 99 MbChr 7 125 96 125 97 MbPubMed search 3 4 WikidataView Edit HumanView Edit Mouse Contents 1 Function 2 Signaling Pathway 3 Discovery 4 Interactions 5 References 6 Further readingFunction editThe LAT protein encoded by the gene of the same name plays a key role in the diversification of T cell signaling pathways following activation of the T cell antigen receptor TCR signal transduction pathway which is first catalyzed by TCR binding to MHC class II LAT is a transmembrane protein localizes to lipid rafts also known as glycosphingolipid enriched microdomains or GEMs and acts as a docking site for SH2 domain containing proteins 7 Upon phosphorylation this protein recruits multiple adaptor proteins and downstream signaling molecules into multimolecular signaling complexes located near the site of TCR engagement 6 In mouse thymocytes lack of functional LAT or the inability for LAT to be phosphorylated leads to complete lack of T cell development Moreover mutation and deletion of LAT hampers overall TCR mediated T cell response 8 Signaling Pathway editPrior to phosphorylation of LAT the TCR signal transduction pathway is initiated by a TCR interacting with peptide bound MHC and immediately leads to the activation of LCK and Fyn which are members of the Src family of kinases 8 Activated LCK subsequently phosphorylates the immunoreceptor tyrosine based activation motifs ITAMs of the T cell surface glycoprotein CD3 zeta chain which is a protein associated with the TCR complex in two specific locations 9 The phosphorylated ITAMs of the CD3 zeta chain allows for ZAP 70 a Syk family protein tyrosine kinase to bind become activated and phosphorylate LAT 10 ZAP 70 phosphorylates tyrosines on LAT specifically tyrosines 171 191 and 226 is able to interact with adaptor proteins that have a SH2 domain and are members of the Grb2 protein family such as Gads 11 9 Moreover phosphorylation of LAT tyrosine 132 allows for PLCg1 LAT association which when combined with concurrent Gads binding to tyrosines 171 or 191 of LAT allows for the formation of a LAT nucleated signaling complex LAT interacting Gads attracts the binding of SLP 76 which recruits additional effector molecules that assist in the stabilization of PLCg1 binding to the LAT complex 11 The resulting LAT signaling complex which contains the molecules PLCg1 Grb2 Gads SLP 76 and the necessary associated ligands thus allow for diversification of the TCR signaling pathway through actin production the activation of transcription factors and other messaging signals 11 Discovery editLAT was described in the early 1990s as a phosphoprotein of 36 38 kDa pp 36 38 rapidly phosphorylated on tyrosine residues following TCR ligation 12 Cloning of the gene revealed that the protein product is a type III leaderless transmembrane protein of 262 aminoacids long form or 233 aminoacids short form in humans 242 aminoacids in mouse and 241 aminoacids in rat 5 13 Interactions editThe Linker for Activation of T cells has been shown to interact with GRAP2 14 15 GRAP 5 16 Grb2 5 16 17 ITK 16 18 MAP4K1 19 PIK3R1 17 PLCG1 5 17 20 SHB 21 22 VAV1 16 17 and ZAP 70 16 17 References edit a b c GRCh38 Ensembl release 89 ENSG00000213658 Ensembl May 2017 a b c GRCm38 Ensembl release 89 ENSMUSG00000030742 Ensembl May 2017 Human PubMed Reference National Center for Biotechnology Information U S National Library of Medicine Mouse PubMed Reference National Center for Biotechnology Information U S National Library of Medicine a b c d e Zhang W Sloan Lancaster J Kitchen J Trible RP Samelson LE January 1998 LAT the ZAP 70 tyrosine kinase substrate that links T cell receptor to cellular activation Cell 92 1 83 92 doi 10 1016 S0092 8674 00 80901 0 PMID 9489702 S2CID 1806525 a b Entrez Gene LAT Linker of Activated T cells Horejsi V March 2004 Transmembrane adaptor proteins in membrane microdomains important regulators of immunoreceptor signaling Immunology Letters 92 1 2 43 49 doi 10 1016 j imlet 2003 10 013 PMID 15081526 a b Balagopalan L Kortum RL Coussens NP Barr VA Samelson LE October 2015 The linker for activation of T cells LAT signaling hub from signaling complexes to microclusters The Journal of Biological Chemistry 290 44 26422 26429 doi 10 1074 jbc R115 665869 PMC 4646300 PMID 26354432 a b Lo WL Weiss A 2021 04 16 Adapting T Cell Receptor Ligand Discrimination Capability via LAT Frontiers in Immunology 12 673196 doi 10 3389 fimmu 2021 673196 PMC 8085316 PMID 33936119 Shah K Al Haidari A Sun J Kazi JU December 2021 T cell receptor TCR signaling in health and disease Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 6 1 412 doi 10 1038 s41392 021 00823 w PMC 8666445 PMID 34897277 a b c Bartelt RR Houtman JC 2013 The adaptor protein LAT serves as an integration node for signaling pathways that drive T cell activation Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Systems Biology and Medicine 5 1 101 110 doi 10 1002 wsbm 1194 PMC 3883108 PMID 23150273 Sieh M Batzer A Schlessinger J Weiss A July 1994 GRB2 and phospholipase C gamma 1 associate with a 36 to 38 kilodalton phosphotyrosine protein after T cell receptor stimulation Molecular and Cellular Biology 14 7 4435 4442 doi 10 1128 MCB 14 7 4435 PMC 358815 PMID 7516467 Weber JR Orstavik S Torgersen KM Danbolt NC Berg SF Ryan JC et al April 1998 Molecular cloning of the cDNA encoding pp36 a tyrosine phosphorylated adaptor protein selectively expressed by T cells and natural killer cells The Journal of Experimental Medicine 187 7 1157 1161 doi 10 1084 jem 187 7 1157 PMC 2212210 PMID 9529333 Liu SK Fang N Koretzky GA McGlade CJ January 1999 The hematopoietic specific adaptor protein gads functions in T cell signaling via interactions with the SLP 76 and LAT adaptors Current Biology 9 2 67 75 doi 10 1016 S0960 9822 99 80017 7 PMID 10021361 S2CID 14131281 Asada H Ishii N Sasaki Y Endo K Kasai H Tanaka N et al May 1999 Grf40 A novel Grb2 family member is involved in T cell signaling through interaction with SLP 76 and LAT The Journal of Experimental Medicine 189 9 1383 1390 doi 10 1084 jem 189 9 1383 PMC 2193052 PMID 10224278 a b c d e Perez Villar JJ Whitney GS Sitnick MT Dunn RJ Venkatesan S O Day K et al August 2002 Phosphorylation of the linker for activation of T cells by Itk promotes recruitment of Vav Biochemistry 41 34 10732 10740 doi 10 1021 bi025554o PMID 12186560 a b c d e Paz PE Wang S Clarke H Lu X Stokoe D Abo A June 2001 Mapping the Zap 70 phosphorylation sites on LAT linker for activation of T cells required for recruitment and activation of signalling proteins in T cells The Biochemical Journal 356 Pt 2 461 471 doi 10 1042 0264 6021 3560461 PMC 1221857 PMID 11368773 Shan X Wange RL October 1999 Itk Emt Tsk activation in response to CD3 cross linking in Jurkat T cells requires ZAP 70 and Lat and is independent of membrane recruitment The Journal of Biological Chemistry 274 41 29323 29330 doi 10 1074 jbc 274 41 29323 PMID 10506192 Ling P Meyer CF Redmond LP Shui JW Davis B Rich RR et al June 2001 Involvement of hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 in T cell receptor signaling The Journal of Biological Chemistry 276 22 18908 18914 doi 10 1074 jbc M101485200 PMID 11279207 Zhang W Trible RP Samelson LE August 1998 LAT palmitoylation its essential role in membrane microdomain targeting and tyrosine phosphorylation during T cell activation Immunity 9 2 239 246 doi 10 1016 S1074 7613 00 80606 8 PMID 9729044 Lindholm CK Gylfe E Zhang W Samelson LE Welsh M September 1999 Requirement of the Src homology 2 domain protein Shb for T cell receptor dependent activation of the interleukin 2 gene nuclear factor for activation of T cells element in Jurkat T cells The Journal of Biological Chemistry 274 39 28050 28057 doi 10 1074 jbc 274 39 28050 PMID 10488157 Lindholm CK Henriksson ML Hallberg B Welsh M July 2002 Shb links SLP 76 and Vav with the CD3 complex in Jurkat T cells European Journal of Biochemistry 269 13 3279 3288 doi 10 1046 j 1432 1033 2002 03008 x PMID 12084069 Further reading editWange RL December 2000 LAT the linker for activation of T cells a bridge between T cell specific and general signaling pathways Science s STKE 2000 63 re1 doi 10 1126 stke 2000 63 re1 PMID 11752630 S2CID 31968793 Sommers CL Samelson LE Love PE January 2004 LAT a T lymphocyte adapter protein that couples the antigen receptor to downstream signaling pathways BioEssays 26 1 61 67 doi 10 1002 bies 10384 PMID 14696041 Rivera J March 2005 NTAL LAB and LAT a balancing act in mast cell activation and function Trends in Immunology 26 3 119 122 doi 10 1016 j it 2005 01 001 PMID 15745852 Trub T Frantz JD Miyazaki M Band H Shoelson SE January 1997 The role of a lymphoid restricted Grb2 like SH3 SH2 SH3 protein in T cell receptor signaling The Journal of Biological Chemistry 272 2 894 902 doi 10 1074 jbc 272 2 894 PMID 8995379 Hendricks Taylor LR Motto DG Zhang J Siraganian RP Koretzky GA January 1997 SLP 76 is a substrate of the high affinity IgE receptor stimulated protein tyrosine kinases in rat basophilic leukemia cells The Journal of Biological Chemistry 272 2 1363 1367 doi 10 1074 jbc 272 2 1363 PMID 8995445 Zhang W Sloan Lancaster J Kitchen J Trible RP Samelson LE January 1998 LAT the ZAP 70 tyrosine kinase substrate that links T cell receptor to cellular activation Cell 92 1 83 92 doi 10 1016 S0092 8674 00 80901 0 PMID 9489702 S2CID 1806525 Weber JR Orstavik S Torgersen KM Danbolt NC Berg SF Ryan JC et al April 1998 Molecular cloning of the cDNA encoding pp36 a tyrosine phosphorylated adaptor protein selectively expressed by T cells and natural killer cells The Journal of Experimental Medicine 187 7 1157 1161 doi 10 1084 jem 187 7 1157 PMC 2212210 PMID 9529333 Zhang W Trible RP Samelson LE August 1998 LAT palmitoylation its essential role in membrane microdomain targeting and tyrosine phosphorylation during T cell activation Immunity 9 2 239 246 doi 10 1016 S1074 7613 00 80606 8 PMID 9729044 Finco TS Kadlecek T Zhang W Samelson LE Weiss A November 1998 LAT is required for TCR mediated activation of PLCgamma1 and the Ras pathway Immunity 9 5 617 626 doi 10 1016 S1074 7613 00 80659 7 PMID 9846483 Sarkar S December 1998 Tyrosine phosphorylation and translocation of LAT in platelets FEBS Letters 441 3 357 360 doi 10 1016 S0014 5793 98 01584 1 PMID 9891970 S2CID 22219232 Liu SK Fang N Koretzky GA McGlade CJ January 1999 The hematopoietic specific adaptor protein gads functions in T cell signaling via interactions with the SLP 76 and LAT adaptors Current Biology 9 2 67 75 doi 10 1016 S0960 9822 99 80017 7 PMID 10021361 S2CID 14131281 Jevremovic D Billadeau DD Schoon RA Dick CJ Irvin BJ Zhang W et al March 1999 Cutting edge a role for the adaptor protein LAT in human NK cell mediated cytotoxicity Journal of Immunology 162 5 2453 2456 PMID 10072481 Zhang W Sommers CL Burshtyn DN Stebbins CC DeJarnette JB Trible RP et al March 1999 Essential role of LAT in T cell development Immunity 10 3 323 332 doi 10 1016 S1074 7613 00 80032 1 PMID 10204488 Tang J Sawasdikosol S Chang JH Burakoff SJ August 1999 SLAP a dimeric adapter protein plays a functional role in T cell receptor signaling Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 96 17 9775 9780 Bibcode 1999PNAS 96 9775T doi 10 1073 pnas 96 17 9775 PMC 22286 PMID 10449770 Gross BS Melford SK Watson SP August 1999 Evidence that phospholipase C gamma2 interacts with SLP 76 Syk Lyn LAT and the Fc receptor gamma chain after stimulation of the collagen receptor glycoprotein VI in human platelets European Journal of Biochemistry 263 3 612 623 doi 10 1046 j 1432 1327 1999 00560 x PMID 10469124 Lindholm CK Gylfe E Zhang W Samelson LE Welsh M September 1999 Requirement of the Src homology 2 domain protein Shb for T cell receptor dependent activation of the interleukin 2 gene nuclear factor for activation of T cells element in Jurkat T cells The Journal of Biological Chemistry 274 39 28050 28057 doi 10 1074 jbc 274 39 28050 PMID 10488157 Shan X Wange RL October 1999 Itk Emt Tsk activation in response to CD3 cross linking in Jurkat T cells requires ZAP 70 and Lat and is independent of membrane recruitment The Journal of Biological Chemistry 274 41 29323 29330 doi 10 1074 jbc 274 41 29323 PMID 10506192 Bosselut R Zhang W Ashe JM Kopacz JL Samelson LE Singer A November 1999 Association of the adaptor molecule LAT with CD4 and CD8 coreceptors identifies a new coreceptor function in T cell receptor signal transduction The Journal of Experimental Medicine 190 10 1517 1526 doi 10 1084 jem 190 10 1517 PMC 2195704 PMID 10562325 Tridandapani S Lyden TW Smith JL Carter JE Coggeshall KM Anderson CL July 2000 The adapter protein LAT enhances fcgamma receptor mediated signal transduction in myeloid cells The Journal of Biological Chemistry 275 27 20480 20487 doi 10 1074 jbc M909462199 PMID 10781611 Zhang W Trible RP Zhu M Liu SK McGlade CJ Samelson LE July 2000 Association of Grb2 Gads and phospholipase C gamma 1 with phosphorylated LAT tyrosine residues Effect of LAT tyrosine mutations on T cell angigen receptor mediated signaling The Journal of Biological Chemistry 275 30 23355 23361 doi 10 1074 jbc M000404200 PMID 10811803 This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine which is in the public domain Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Linker for activation of T cells amp oldid 1149656228, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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