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Merico language

Merico or Americo-Liberian (or the informal colloquial name "American") is an English-based creole language spoken until recently in Liberia by Americo-Liberians, descendants of original settlers, freed slaves, and African Americans who emigrated from the United States between 1821 and the 1870s. It is distinguished from Liberian Kreyol and from Kru, and may be connected to Gullah and Jamaican Creole.[1]

Merico
Americo-Liberian, American, Brokes English, Kwasai English, Waterside English, Water Street English
RegionLiberia
EthnicityAmerico-Liberians
English Creole
  • Atlantic
    • Merico
Language codes
ISO 639-3

The original settlers numbered 19,000 in 1860.[1] By 1975 the language was partly decreolized, restricted to informal settings.[1]

Grammatical features edit

Plurals are unmarked, as in rak "rock", "rocks", or marked with a -dɛ̃ suffix, as in rak-dɛ̃ "rocks". The verb expressing "to be" is , as in shi sʌ smo "she is small", but adjectives may be used without it, as in hi big "he is big". Verbs are not inflected for past tense.[1]

Separate particles are used to indicate some verb tenses:[1]

  • ɛ̃ for negation (ai ɛ̃ æs di chææ "I didn't ask the child"),
  • or for continuing action (hi dɘ spiish "he is talking at great length", shi lɛ kræ "she is crying"),
  • wu for future (wi wu kʌ̃ "we will come"),
  • dɔ̃ or nɔ̃ for completed action (de dɔ̃ go dædɘdwe "they have gone that way", lilpis nɔ̃ lɛf "not a little piece was left")

The pronouns include:[1]

  • Subject: ai/a, yu//yo, hi/i, shi, wi, de/dɛ̃
  • Object: mi, yu, hi/, , wi/ɔs, dɛ̃'
  • Possessive: /mi, yu/yo, hi/i, shi/, ou,

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e f Hancock, Ian F. (1975). "Some aspects of English in Liberia". In Dillard, Joey Lee (ed.). Perspectives on Black English. Walter de Gruyter. pp. 249–251. ISBN 978-90-279-7811-0. Retrieved 17 June 2022.


merico, language, merico, americo, liberian, informal, colloquial, name, american, english, based, creole, language, spoken, until, recently, liberia, americo, liberians, descendants, original, settlers, freed, slaves, african, americans, emigrated, from, unit. Merico or Americo Liberian or the informal colloquial name American is an English based creole language spoken until recently in Liberia by Americo Liberians descendants of original settlers freed slaves and African Americans who emigrated from the United States between 1821 and the 1870s It is distinguished from Liberian Kreyol and from Kru and may be connected to Gullah and Jamaican Creole 1 MericoAmerico Liberian American Brokes English Kwasai English Waterside English Water Street EnglishRegionLiberiaEthnicityAmerico LiberiansLanguage familyEnglish Creole AtlanticMericoLanguage codesISO 639 3 The original settlers numbered 19 000 in 1860 1 By 1975 the language was partly decreolized restricted to informal settings 1 Grammatical features editPlurals are unmarked as in rak rock rocks or marked with a dɛ suffix as in rak dɛ rocks The verb expressing to be is sʌ as in shi sʌ smo she is small but adjectives may be used without it as in hi big he is big Verbs are not inflected for past tense 1 Separate particles are used to indicate some verb tenses 1 ɛ for negation ai ɛ aes di chaeae I didn t ask the child dɘ or lɛ for continuing action hi dɘ spiish he is talking at great length shi lɛ krae she is crying wu for future wi wu kʌ we will come dɔ or nɔ for completed action de dɔ go daedɘdwe they have gone that way lilpis nɔ lɛf not a little piece was left The pronouns include 1 Subject ai a yu yɔ yo hi i shi wi de dɛ Object mi yu hi hĩ hɔ wi ɔs dɛ Possessive mʌ mi yu yo hi i shi hɔ ou dɛSee also edit nbsp Language portalKrio languageReferences edit a b c d e f Hancock Ian F 1975 Some aspects of English in Liberia In Dillard Joey Lee ed Perspectives on Black English Walter de Gruyter pp 249 251 ISBN 978 90 279 7811 0 Retrieved 17 June 2022 nbsp This Liberia related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte This pidgin and creole language related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Merico language amp oldid 1129304027, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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