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Liège Province

May 09, 2023

Liège (French: [ljɛʒ] (listen); Walloon: Lîdje [liːtʃ]; Dutch: Luik [lœyk] (listen); German: Lüttich [ˈlʏtɪç] (listen)) is the easternmost province of the Wallonia region of Belgium.

Liège (French)
Lüttich (German)
Luik (Dutch)
Lîdje (Walloon)
Province of Belgium
Flag
Coat of arms
Coordinates: 50°38′N 05°34′E / 50.633°N 5.567°E / 50.633; 5.567Coordinates: 50°38′N 05°34′E / 50.633°N 5.567°E / 50.633; 5.567
Country Belgium
Region Wallonia
Capital
(and largest city)		Liège
Government
 • GovernorHervé Jamar
Area
[1]
 • Total3,857 km2 (1,489 sq mi)
Population
 (1 January 2019)[2]
 • Total1,106,992
 • Density290/km2 (740/sq mi)
HDI (2019)0.903[3]
very high · 8th of 11
WebsiteOfficial site

Liège Province is the only Belgian province that has borders with three countries. It borders (clockwise from the north) the Dutch province of Limburg, the German states of North Rhine-Westphalia and Rhineland-Palatinate, the Luxembourgish canton of Clervaux, the Belgian Walloon (French-speaking) provinces of Luxembourg, Namur and Walloon Brabant and the Belgian Flemish (Dutch-speaking) provinces of Flemish Brabant and Limburg.

Part of the eastern-most area of the province, bordering Germany, is the German-speaking region of Eupen-Malmedy, which became part of Belgium in the aftermath of World War I.

The capital and the largest city of the province is the city of the same name, Liège. The province has an area of 3,857 km2 (1,489 sq mi), and a population of 1,106,992 as of January 2019.[4]

History

The modern borders of the province of Liège date from 1795, which saw the unification of the Principality of the Prince-Bishopric of Liège with the revolutionary French Department of the Ourthe (sometimes spelled Ourte). (Parts of the old Principality of Liège also went into new French départements Meuse-Inférieure, and Sambre-et-Meuse.)

The province of Ourthe, as it was known then, was under French control during the reign of Napoleon Bonaparte. Napoleon visited the city during one of his campaigns and ordered the destruction of its vineyards in order to prevent the Liège wine industry from competing with its French counterpart.

Following Napoleon's fall from power in 1815, Liège became part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, while eastern half of modern Verviers became part of the Kingdom of Prussia. Liège University scholars helped to write the new Dutch constitution after the Napoleonic Wars[citation needed]. Despite these contributions there was a widespread perception among the people of Liège that they were discriminated against by the Dutch government due to religious and language differences.

In September 1830, rumors spread that Walloons in Brussels were expelling the Dutch. Liège intellectuals responded to these events by contacting Walloon scholars living in Paris to discuss Belgian independence. A militia was formed to press these demands led by Charlier "Wooden Leg" leading (eventually) to the formation of an independent Kingdom of Belgium.

In the 19th century, the province was an early center of the Industrial Revolution. Its rich coal deposits and steel factories helped Belgium to form the basis of the region's increasing economic power.

During the 20th century, due to Liège's borders with Germany, it saw fierce fighting in both World Wars. In World War I, Liège's strong line of reinforced concrete military forts temporarily halted the German advance through Belgium, giving time to construct trenches in Flanders which subsequently saw some of the worst fighting of that war. It also saw some of the war's worst civilian casualties as the Imperial German Army performed collective punishments against local villagers for acts of resistance.[5] In 1925 the East Cantons and Neutral Moresnet, that had become part of Belgium as a result of the Treaty of Versailles, were absorbed into the province of Liège.[6]

In World War II, Liège was the site of major fighting during the Battle of the Bulge. There, the Germans orchestrated their final offensive move against the combined Allied armies. Malmedy and Saint-Vith in particular saw intense battles against the Nazis. Malmedy was the site of a Waffen-SS massacre of U.S. Army prisoners of war.

Liège's heavy industry thrived in the 1950s and 1960s[citation needed]but this has been in steady decline since that time. Liège is the last city of Wallonia that still maintains a functioning steel industry.[citation needed]

Liège continues to be the economic and cultural capital of Wallonia, with its university, medieval heritage and heavy industry[citation needed].

Politics

Provincial Council

2006–2012

 

2012–2018

 

2018–2024

[7] 

Geography

Rivers

Economy

The Gross domestic product (GDP) of the province was 31.6 billion € in 2018, accounting for 6.9% of Belgium's economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 25,200 € or 84% of the EU27 average in the same year. GDP per person employed was 108% of the EU27 average.[8]

Subdivisions

The province has an area of 3,857 square kilometres (1,489 sq mi), which is divided into four administrative districts (arrondissements in French) containing a total of 84 municipalities.

Arrondissements

The Province of Liège is divided into four administrative arrondissements:

Municipalities

 
 
The Coo Waterfalls (municipality of Stavelot)

Municipalities that have city status have a (city) behind their name.

  1. Amay
  2. Amel
  3. Ans
  4. Anthisnes
  5. Aubel
  6. Awans
  7. Aywaille
  8. Baelen
  9. Bassenge
  10. Berloz
  11. Beyne-Heusay
  12. Blegny
  13. Braives
  14. Büllingen
  15. Burdinne
  16. Burg-Reuland
  17. Bütgenbach
  18. Chaudfontaine
  19. Clavier
  20. Comblain-au-Pont
  21. Crisnée
  22. Dalhem
  23. Dison
  24. Donceel
  25. Engis
  26. Esneux
  27. Eupen (city)
  28. Faimes
  29. Ferrières
  30. Fexhe-le-Haut-Clocher
  31. Flémalle
  32. Fléron
  33. Geer
  34. Grâce-Hollogne
  35. Hamoir
  36. Hannut (city)
  37. Héron
  38. Herstal
  39. Herve (city)
  40. Huy (city)
  41. Jalhay
  42. Juprelle
  43. Kelmis
  44. Liège (city)
  45. Lierneux
  46. Limbourg (city)
  47. Lincent
  48. Lontzen
  49. Malmedy (city)
  50. Marchin
  51. Modave
  52. Nandrin
  53. Neupré
  54. Olne
  55. Oreye
  56. Ouffet
  57. Oupeye
  58. Pepinster
  59. Plombières
  60. Raeren
  61. Remicourt
  62. Saint-Georges-sur-Meuse
  63. Saint-Nicolas
  64. Sankt Vith (city)
  65. Seraing (city)
  66. Soumagne
  67. Spa (city)
  68. Sprimont
  69. Stavelot (city)
  70. Stoumont
  71. Theux
  72. Thimister-Clermont
  73. Tinlot
  74. Trois-Ponts
  75. Trooz
  76. Verlaine
  77. Verviers (city)
  78. Villers-le-Bouillet
  79. Visé (city)
  80. Waimes
  81. Wanze
  82. Waremme (city)
  83. Wasseiges
  84. Welkenraedt

Nine municipalities of Liège form the German-speaking Community of Belgium. From north to south they are: Kelmis (43), Lontzen (48), Raeren (60), Eupen (27), Bütgenbach (17), Büllingen (14), Amel (2), Sankt Vith (64), and Burg-Reuland (16) municipalities. Malmedy (49) and Waimes (80) are municipalities with language facilities for German speakers. The other municipalities of Liège are part of the French Community of Belgium.

List of governors

References

  1. ^ "Be.STAT".
  2. ^ "Structuur van de bevolking | Statbel".
  3. ^ "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  4. ^ "Structuur van de bevolking | Statbel".
  5. ^ Hastings, Max (2013). Catastrophe 1914 : Europe goes to war (1st American ed.). New York. ISBN 978-0-307-59705-2. OCLC 828893101.
  6. ^ O’Connell, Vincent (2013). ""Left to their own devices". Belgium's Ambiguous Assimilation of Eupen-Malmedy (1919-1940)" (PDF). Journal of Belgian History. XLIII (4): 16.
  7. ^ "Conseil provincial | Province de Liège". Mobilité durable | Province de Liège (in French). Retrieved 2018-11-14.
  8. ^ "Regional GDP per capita ranged from 30% to 263% of the EU average in 2018". Eurostat.

External links

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Liège (province).
  • Official web site of the Liège province (in French and German)
  • (in French)

May 09, 2023
liège, province, liège, french, ljɛʒ, listen, walloon, lîdje, liːtʃ, dutch, luik, lœyk, listen, german, lüttich, ˈlʏtɪç, listen, easternmost, province, wallonia, region, belgium, liège, french, lüttich, german, luik, dutch, lîdje, walloon, province, belgiumfla. Liege French ljɛʒ listen Walloon Lidje liːtʃ Dutch Luik lœyk listen German Luttich ˈlʏtɪc listen is the easternmost province of the Wallonia region of Belgium Liege French Luttich German Luik Dutch Lidje Walloon Province of BelgiumFlagCoat of armsCoordinates 50 38 N 05 34 E 50 633 N 5 567 E 50 633 5 567 Coordinates 50 38 N 05 34 E 50 633 N 5 567 E 50 633 5 567Country BelgiumRegion WalloniaCapital and largest city LiegeGovernment GovernorHerve JamarArea 1 Total3 857 km2 1 489 sq mi Population 1 January 2019 2 Total1 106 992 Density290 km2 740 sq mi HDI 2019 0 903 3 very high 8th of 11WebsiteOfficial siteLiege Province is the only Belgian province that has borders with three countries It borders clockwise from the north the Dutch province of Limburg the German states of North Rhine Westphalia and Rhineland Palatinate the Luxembourgish canton of Clervaux the Belgian Walloon French speaking provinces of Luxembourg Namur and Walloon Brabant and the Belgian Flemish Dutch speaking provinces of Flemish Brabant and Limburg Part of the eastern most area of the province bordering Germany is the German speaking region of Eupen Malmedy which became part of Belgium in the aftermath of World War I The capital and the largest city of the province is the city of the same name Liege The province has an area of 3 857 km2 1 489 sq mi and a population of 1 106 992 as of January 2019 4 Contents 1 History 2 Politics 2 1 Provincial Council 2 1 1 2006 2012 2 1 2 2012 2018 2 1 3 2018 2024 3 Geography 3 1 Rivers 4 Economy 5 Subdivisions 5 1 Arrondissements 5 2 Municipalities 6 List of governors 7 References 8 External linksHistory EditThis section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Liege Province news newspapers books scholar JSTOR October 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message The modern borders of the province of Liege date from 1795 which saw the unification of the Principality of the Prince Bishopric of Liege with the revolutionary French Department of the Ourthe sometimes spelled Ourte Parts of the old Principality of Liege also went into new French departements Meuse Inferieure and Sambre et Meuse The province of Ourthe as it was known then was under French control during the reign of Napoleon Bonaparte Napoleon visited the city during one of his campaigns and ordered the destruction of its vineyards in order to prevent the Liege wine industry from competing with its French counterpart Following Napoleon s fall from power in 1815 Liege became part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands while eastern half of modern Verviers became part of the Kingdom of Prussia Liege University scholars helped to write the new Dutch constitution after the Napoleonic Wars citation needed Despite these contributions there was a widespread perception among the people of Liege that they were discriminated against by the Dutch government due to religious and language differences In September 1830 rumors spread that Walloons in Brussels were expelling the Dutch Liege intellectuals responded to these events by contacting Walloon scholars living in Paris to discuss Belgian independence A militia was formed to press these demands led by Charlier Wooden Leg leading eventually to the formation of an independent Kingdom of Belgium In the 19th century the province was an early center of the Industrial Revolution Its rich coal deposits and steel factories helped Belgium to form the basis of the region s increasing economic power During the 20th century due to Liege s borders with Germany it saw fierce fighting in both World Wars In World War I Liege s strong line of reinforced concrete military forts temporarily halted the German advance through Belgium giving time to construct trenches in Flanders which subsequently saw some of the worst fighting of that war It also saw some of the war s worst civilian casualties as the Imperial German Army performed collective punishments against local villagers for acts of resistance 5 In 1925 the East Cantons and Neutral Moresnet that had become part of Belgium as a result of the Treaty of Versailles were absorbed into the province of Liege 6 In World War II Liege was the site of major fighting during the Battle of the Bulge There the Germans orchestrated their final offensive move against the combined Allied armies Malmedy and Saint Vith in particular saw intense battles against the Nazis Malmedy was the site of a Waffen SS massacre of U S Army prisoners of war Liege s heavy industry thrived in the 1950s and 1960s citation needed but this has been in steady decline since that time Liege is the last city of Wallonia that still maintains a functioning steel industry citation needed Liege continues to be the economic and cultural capital of Wallonia with its university medieval heritage and heavy industry citation needed Politics EditProvincial Council Edit 2006 2012 Edit Allegory of Liege Parc du Cinquantenaire Bruxelles Party SeatsParti socialiste 32Mouvement reformateur 24Centre democrate humaniste 13Ecolo 11Christlich Soziale Partei 2National Front 1Sozialistische Partei 12012 2018 Edit Party SeatsParti socialiste 20Mouvement reformateur 17Centre democrate humaniste 7Ecolo 8Parti du travail de Belgique 2Christlich Soziale Partei 1Sozialistische Partei 12018 2024 Edit 7 Party SeatsPS SP 17Mouvement reformateur 15Ecolo 12CDH CSP 6Parti du travail de Belgique 6Geography EditThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it January 2023 Rivers Edit RoannayEconomy EditThe Gross domestic product GDP of the province was 31 6 billion in 2018 accounting for 6 9 of Belgium s economic output GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 25 200 or 84 of the EU27 average in the same year GDP per person employed was 108 of the EU27 average 8 Subdivisions EditThe province has an area of 3 857 square kilometres 1 489 sq mi which is divided into four administrative districts arrondissements in French containing a total of 84 municipalities Arrondissements Edit The Province of Liege is divided into four administrative arrondissements Huy Liege Verviers WaremmeMunicipalities Edit The Coo Waterfalls municipality of Stavelot Municipalities that have city status have a city behind their name Amay Amel Ans Anthisnes Aubel Awans Aywaille Baelen Bassenge Berloz Beyne Heusay Blegny Braives Bullingen Burdinne Burg Reuland Butgenbach Chaudfontaine Clavier Comblain au Pont Crisnee Dalhem Dison Donceel Engis Esneux Eupen city Faimes Ferrieres Fexhe le Haut Clocher Flemalle Fleron Geer Grace Hollogne Hamoir Hannut city Heron Herstal Herve city Huy city Jalhay Juprelle Kelmis Liege city Lierneux Limbourg city Lincent Lontzen Malmedy city Marchin Modave Nandrin Neupre Olne Oreye Ouffet Oupeye Pepinster Plombieres Raeren Remicourt Saint Georges sur Meuse Saint Nicolas Sankt Vith city Seraing city Soumagne Spa city Sprimont Stavelot city Stoumont Theux Thimister Clermont Tinlot Trois Ponts Trooz Verlaine Verviers city Villers le Bouillet Vise city Waimes Wanze Waremme city Wasseiges Welkenraedt Nine municipalities of Liege form the German speaking Community of Belgium From north to south they are Kelmis 43 Lontzen 48 Raeren 60 Eupen 27 Butgenbach 17 Bullingen 14 Amel 2 Sankt Vith 64 and Burg Reuland 16 municipalities Malmedy 49 and Waimes 80 are municipalities with language facilities for German speakers The other municipalities of Liege are part of the French Community of Belgium List of governors Edit1830 1831 Etienne de Sauvage Liberal 1831 1832 Jean Francois Tielemans Liberal 1832 1844 Charles van den Steen de Jehay 1844 1846 Henri de Brouckere Liberal 1846 1847 Edmond de la Coste Liberal 1847 1863 Ferdinand de Macar Liberal 1863 1882 Charles de Luesemans Liberal 1882 1908 Leon Pety de Thozee 1908 1919 Henry Delvaux de Fenffe Catholic Party 1919 1927 Gaston Gregoire Liberal 1927 1937 Henri Pirard 1937 1943 Jules Mathieu 1944 1953 Joseph Leclercq PSB 1953 1971 Pierre Clerdent PRL 1972 1990 Gilbert Mottard PS 1990 2004 Paul Bolland 2004 2015 Michel Foret MR 2015 present Herve Jamar MR References Edit Be STAT Structuur van de bevolking Statbel Sub national HDI Area Database Global Data Lab a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint url status link Structuur van de bevolking Statbel Hastings Max 2013 Catastrophe 1914 Europe goes to war 1st American ed New York ISBN 978 0 307 59705 2 OCLC 828893101 O Connell Vincent 2013 Left to their own devices Belgium s Ambiguous Assimilation of Eupen Malmedy 1919 1940 PDF Journal of Belgian History XLIII 4 16 Conseil provincial Province de Liege Mobilite durable Province de Liege in French Retrieved 2018 11 14 Regional GDP per capita ranged from 30 to 263 of the EU average in 2018 Eurostat External links Edit Belgium portal Wikimedia Commons has media related to Liege province Official web site of the Liege province in French and German Bureau des Relations Exterieures de la Province de Liege in French Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Liege Province amp oldid 1148481699, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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