The Landtag of Bavaria, officially known in English as the Bavarian State Parliament,[1] is the unicameral legislature of the German state of Bavaria. The parliament meets in the Maximilianeum in Munich.
Elections to the Landtag are held every five years[2] and have to be conducted on a Sunday or public holiday.[3] The following elections have to be held no earlier than 59 months and no later than 62 months after the previous one,[4] unless the Landtag is dissolved. The most recent elections to the Bavarian Landtag were held on 14 October 2018.
Presentation medal of the Bayerische Ständeversammlung 1819 to King Maximilian I Joseph, on the first anniversary of the constitution of 1818, obverse.
The Landtag of Bavaria was founded in 1818, in the Kingdom of Bavaria. The first assembly was held on 4 February 1819. Originally it was called the Ständeversammlung and was divided into an upper house, the Kammer der Reichsräte (House of Councillors), and a lower house, the Kammer der Abgeordneten (House of Representatives). With the act to reform the election of the representatives in 1848 the Ständeversammlung was de facto renamed the Landtag (state diet). The name Landtag was used occasionally before this act.
In the Weimar Republic, from 1919 on, under the Bamberg Constitution, the upper house of the Landtag was abolished and its lower house became a unicameral democratic elected assembly. In 1933, in Nazi Germany, the Landtag suffered Gleichschaltung like all German state parliaments. It was dissolved on 30 January 1934.
After the Second World War, the new Constitution of Bavaria was enacted and the first new Landtag elections took place on 1 December 1946. Between 1946 and 1999 there was again an upper house, the Senate of Bavaria. The CSU has dominated the Bavarian Landtag for nearly the entire post-war period.
The CSU's 2003 election victory was the first time in the history of the Federal Republic of Germany that any party had won a two-thirds majority of seats in an assembly at any level.[5] Five years later in 2008, the CSU saw a stunning reversal of fortunes, and failed to win a majority of seats in Bavaria for the first time in 46 years. In the aftermath of this result, the SPD floated the idea that the four other parties should all unite to form a government excluding the CSU, as it had "lost its mandate to lead": however, the FDP were not interested.
Composition
Constituencies and electoral districts for the 2018 Bavarian state election.
As of the 2018 election, the state is divided into 91 electoral districts, which each elect one representative in the same manner as under first-past-the-post. To achieve a proportional result, another 89 seats are on open party lists in the 7 administrative districts of the state, which the constitution define as constituencies. Every constituency elect a fixed number of seats. The 89 seats are assigned such that, also taking into account the 91 districts seats, each party is represented in proportion to its share of the vote in the constituencies. On election day, people vote separately for a candidate in their electoral districts (called the "first vote") and for a candidate in their constituency (called the "second vote").[6]
As of the 2018 election, seats are assigned to the constituency as follows:
^Welcome to the Maximilianeum, the seat of the Bavarian State Parliament
^Landtag A-Z – Legislaturperiode[permanent dead link] (in German) Landtag website. Retrieved 6 June 2008
^Tag der Abstimmung – Election date (in German) Landeswahlgesetz. Retrieved 6 June 2008
^Bavarian constitution – Article 16 Legislative terms, new elections 21 April 2008 at the Wayback MachineLandtag website. Retrieved 7 June 2008
^Stoiber – Dominant But Not Omnipotent 3 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine American Institute for contemporary German studies, author: Prof. Clayton Clemens. Retrieved 7 June 2008
landtag, bavaria, officially, known, english, bavarian, state, parliament, unicameral, legislature, german, state, bavaria, parliament, meets, maximilianeum, munich, bayerischer, landtag18, bayerischer, landtagtypetypelandtagestablished4, february, 1819, 1311,. The Landtag of Bavaria officially known in English as the Bavarian State Parliament 1 is the unicameral legislature of the German state of Bavaria The parliament meets in the Maximilianeum in Munich Landtag of Bavaria Bayerischer Landtag18 Bayerischer LandtagTypeTypeLandtagEstablished4 February 1819 1311 LeadershipPresident of the LandtagIlse Aigner CSU since 5 November 2018StructureSeats205Political groupsGovernment 112 CSU 85 FW 27 Opposition 93 Greens 38 SPD 22 AfD 19 FDP 11 Independent 3 ElectionsLast election14 October 2018Next election2023Meeting placeMaximilianeum MunichWebsitewww bayern landtag de Elections to the Landtag are held every five years 2 and have to be conducted on a Sunday or public holiday 3 The following elections have to be held no earlier than 59 months and no later than 62 months after the previous one 4 unless the Landtag is dissolved The most recent elections to the Bavarian Landtag were held on 14 October 2018 Bavaria s current state government formed after the 2018 election is a coalition of the Christian Social Union CSU and the Free Voters FW Markus Soder has been Minister President of Bavaria since March 2018 when he succeeded Horst Seehofer Contents 1 History 2 Composition 3 Election results 1946 2018 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksHistory EditSee also Bavarian Landtag elections in the Weimar Republic Presentation medal of the Bayerische Standeversammlung 1819 to King Maximilian I Joseph on the first anniversary of the constitution of 1818 obverse The Landtag of Bavaria was founded in 1818 in the Kingdom of Bavaria The first assembly was held on 4 February 1819 Originally it was called the Standeversammlung and was divided into an upper house the Kammer der Reichsrate House of Councillors and a lower house the Kammer der Abgeordneten House of Representatives With the act to reform the election of the representatives in 1848 the Standeversammlung was de facto renamed the Landtag state diet The name Landtag was used occasionally before this act In the Weimar Republic from 1919 on under the Bamberg Constitution the upper house of the Landtag was abolished and its lower house became a unicameral democratic elected assembly In 1933 in Nazi Germany the Landtag suffered Gleichschaltung like all German state parliaments It was dissolved on 30 January 1934 After the Second World War the new Constitution of Bavaria was enacted and the first new Landtag elections took place on 1 December 1946 Between 1946 and 1999 there was again an upper house the Senate of Bavaria The CSU has dominated the Bavarian Landtag for nearly the entire post war period The CSU s 2003 election victory was the first time in the history of the Federal Republic of Germany that any party had won a two thirds majority of seats in an assembly at any level 5 Five years later in 2008 the CSU saw a stunning reversal of fortunes and failed to win a majority of seats in Bavaria for the first time in 46 years In the aftermath of this result the SPD floated the idea that the four other parties should all unite to form a government excluding the CSU as it had lost its mandate to lead however the FDP were not interested Composition Edit Constituencies and electoral districts for the 2018 Bavarian state election Like the Bundestag at the federal level the Bavarian Landtag is elected through mixed member proportional representation There are at least 180 seats but more are sometimes added as overhang and leveling seats As of the 2018 election the state is divided into 91 electoral districts which each elect one representative in the same manner as under first past the post To achieve a proportional result another 89 seats are on open party lists in the 7 administrative districts of the state which the constitution define as constituencies Every constituency elect a fixed number of seats The 89 seats are assigned such that also taking into account the 91 districts seats each party is represented in proportion to its share of the vote in the constituencies On election day people vote separately for a candidate in their electoral districts called the first vote and for a candidate in their constituency called the second vote 6 As of the 2018 election seats are assigned to the constituency as follows Constituency Single member districts Seats notes 1 Lower Bavaria 9 18Lower Franconia 10 19Middle Franconia 12 24Swabia 13 26Upper Bavaria 31 61Upper Franconia 8 16Upper Palatinate 8 16Total 91 180 Without overhang and leveling seatsElection results 1946 2018 EditYear CSU SPD B 90 Grune AfD Linke BP FDP FW BHE DG GB BHE KPD NPD ODP REP WAV1946 Jun 58 3 28 8 2 5 5 3 5 11946 Dec 52 3 28 6 5 7 6 1 7 41950 27 4 28 0 17 9 7 1 12 3 1954 38 0 28 1 13 2 7 2 10 2 1958 45 6 30 8 8 1 5 6 8 6 1962 47 5 35 3 4 8 5 9 5 1 1966 48 1 35 8 3 2 5 1 7 4 1970 56 4 33 3 1 3 5 6 1974 62 1 30 2 0 8 5 2 1978 59 1 31 4 0 4 6 2 1982 58 3 31 9 4 6 0 5 3 5 0 4 1986 55 8 27 5 7 5 0 6 3 8 0 7 3 0 1990 54 9 26 0 6 4 0 8 5 2 1 7 4 9 1994 52 8 30 0 6 1 1 0 2 8 2 1 3 9 1998 52 9 28 7 5 7 0 7 1 7 3 7 1 8 3 6 2003 60 7 19 6 7 7 0 8 2 6 4 0 2 0 2 2 2008 43 4 18 6 9 4 4 3 1 1 8 0 10 2 1 2 2 0 1 4 2013 47 7 20 6 8 6 2 1 2 1 3 3 9 0 0 6 2 0 1 0 2018 37 2 9 7 17 6 10 2 3 2 1 7 5 1 11 6 1 6 2023Source Election Results 1946 2018 PDF Parties AfD Alternative for Germany Alternative fur Deutschland B 90 Grune Alliance 90 The Greens Bundnis 90 Die Grunen BP Bavaria Party Bayernpartei CSU Christian Social Union of Bavaria Christlich Soziale Union Bayerns FDP Free Democratic Party Freie Demokratische Partei FW Independents Freie Wahler GB BHE All German Bloc League of Expellees and Deprived of Rights Gesamtdeutscher Block Block der Heimatvertriebenen und Entrechteten KPD Communist Party of Germany Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands Linke The Left Die Linke NPD National Democratic Party of Germany Nationaldemokratische Partei Deutschlands ODP Ecological Democratic Party Okologisch Demokratische Partei REP The Republicans Die Republikaner SPD Social Democratic Party of Germany Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschland WAV Wirtschaftliche Aufbau VereinigungSee also EditBavarian Landtag elections in the Weimar Republic 1998 Bavarian state election 2003 Bavarian state election 2008 Bavarian state election 2013 Bavarian state election 2018 Bavarian state electionReferences Edit Welcome to the Maximilianeum the seat of the Bavarian State Parliament Landtag A Z Legislaturperiode permanent dead link in German Landtag website Retrieved 6 June 2008 Tag der Abstimmung Election date in German Landeswahlgesetz Retrieved 6 June 2008 Bavarian constitution Article 16 Legislative terms new elections Archived 21 April 2008 at the Wayback Machine Landtag website Retrieved 7 June 2008 Stoiber Dominant But Not Omnipotent Archived 3 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine American Institute for contemporary German studies author Prof Clayton Clemens Retrieved 7 June 2008 State Elections bayern landtag de External links EditOfficial website of the Bavarian Landtag in German Official website of the Bavarian Landtag in English Landeswahlgesetz Laws and regulations governing elections in Bavaria in German Website of the Bavarian government in German Website of the Bavarian government in English Coordinates 48 08 11 N 11 35 40 E 48 13639 N 11 59444 E 48 13639 11 59444 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Landtag of Bavaria amp oldid 1128776720, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
