Lower Franconia (German: Unterfranken) is one of seven districts of Bavaria, Germany. The districts of Lower, Middle and Upper Franconia make up the region of Franconia. It consists of nine districts and 308 municipalities (including three cities).
After the founding of the Kingdom of Bavaria the state was totally reorganised and, in 1808, divided into 15 administrative government regions (German: Regierungsbezirke, singular Regierungsbezirk), in Bavaria called Kreise (singular: Kreis). They were created in the fashion of the French departements, quite even in size and population, and named after their main rivers.
In the following years, due to territorial changes (e. g. loss of Tyrol, addition of the Palatinate), the number of Kreise was reduced to 8. One of these was the Untermainkreis (Lower Main District). In 1837 king Ludwig I of Bavaria renamed the Kreise after historical territorial names and tribes of the area. This also involved some border changes or territorial swaps. Thus the name Untermainkreis changed to Lower Franconia and Aschaffenburg, but the city name was dropped in the middle of the 20th century, leaving just Lower Franconia.
From 1933, the regional Nazi Gauleiter, Otto Hellmuth, (who had renamed his party Gau "Mainfranken") insisted on renaming the government district Mainfranken as well. He encountered resistance from Bavarian state authorities but finally succeeded in having the name of the district changed, effective 1 June 1938.[2] After 1945 the name Unterfranken was restored.
The municipal reform (Kreisreform) of June 1972 consolidated the 22 country districts of Lower Franconia into nine.
Würzburg, Ochsenfurt, part of Gerolzhofen, part of Marktheidenfeld
Unterfranken is the north-west part of Franconia and consists of three district-free cities (Kreisfreie Städte) and nine country districts (Landkreise).
The Gross domestic product (GDP) of the region was 53.7 billion € in 2018, accounting for 1.6% of German economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 37,500 € or 124% of the EU27 average in the same year. The GDP per employee was 102% of the EU average.[3]
Coat of arms
The coat of arms includes the "Franconian Rake" (the arms of Duchy of Franconia) in the upper portion, the "Rennfähnlein [de]", a banner, quarterly argent (silver) and gules (red), on a lance or (gold), in bend, on an azure (blue) field, associated with Würzburg in the lower left quadrant, and a white/silver wheel on a red field symbolizing the clerical state of Mainz, in the lower right quadrant.
^"Mainfranken – Historisches Lexikon Bayerns". www.historisches-lexikon-bayerns.de (in German).
^"Regional GDP per capita ranged from 30% to 263% of the EU average in 2018". Eurostat.
External links
Official website
Flag at Flagspot
Unterfranken 1910
Statistics
April 19, 2023
lower, franconia, german, unterfranken, seven, districts, bavaria, germany, districts, lower, middle, upper, franconia, make, region, franconia, consists, nine, districts, municipalities, including, three, cities, unterfranken, german, regierungsbezirkflagcoat. Lower Franconia German Unterfranken is one of seven districts of Bavaria Germany The districts of Lower Middle and Upper Franconia make up the region of Franconia It consists of nine districts and 308 municipalities including three cities Lower Franconia Unterfranken German RegierungsbezirkFlagCoat of armsMap of Bavaria highlighting Lower FranconiaCountryGermanyStateBavariaRegion seatWurzburgArea Total8 530 99 km2 3 293 83 sq mi Population 31 December 2021 1 Total1 320 513 Density150 km2 400 sq mi Websitewww wbr regierung wbr unterfranken wbr bayern wbr de Contents 1 History 2 Economy 3 Coat of arms 4 Area and population 5 Main sights 6 Notable people from Lower Franconia 7 Institutes of higher education 8 See also 9 References 10 External linksHistory EditAfter the founding of the Kingdom of Bavaria the state was totally reorganised and in 1808 divided into 15 administrative government regions German Regierungsbezirke singular Regierungsbezirk in Bavaria called Kreise singular Kreis They were created in the fashion of the French departements quite even in size and population and named after their main rivers In the following years due to territorial changes e g loss of Tyrol addition of the Palatinate the number of Kreise was reduced to 8 One of these was the Untermainkreis Lower Main District In 1837 king Ludwig I of Bavaria renamed the Kreise after historical territorial names and tribes of the area This also involved some border changes or territorial swaps Thus the name Untermainkreis changed to Lower Franconia and Aschaffenburg but the city name was dropped in the middle of the 20th century leaving just Lower Franconia From 1933 the regional Nazi Gauleiter Otto Hellmuth who had renamed his party Gau Mainfranken insisted on renaming the government district Mainfranken as well He encountered resistance from Bavarian state authorities but finally succeeded in having the name of the district changed effective 1 June 1938 2 After 1945 the name Unterfranken was restored The municipal reform Kreisreform of June 1972 consolidated the 22 country districts of Lower Franconia into nine New district Former district s Aschaffenburg Aschaffenburg AlzenauBad Kissingen Bad Kissingen Bad Bruckenau HammelburgHassberge Ebern Hassfurt Hofheim in Unterfranken part of GerolzhofenKitzingen Kitzingen part of GerolzhofenMain Spessart Gemunden Karlstadt Lohr part of MarktheidenfeldMiltenberg Miltenberg Obernburg part of MarktheidenfeldRhon Grabfeld Bad Neustadt an der Saale Konigshofen MellrichstadtSchweinfurt Schweinfurt part of GerolzhofenWurzburg Wurzburg Ochsenfurt part of Gerolzhofen part of MarktheidenfeldUnterfranken is the north west part of Franconia and consists of three district free cities Kreisfreie Stadte and nine country districts Landkreise The major portion of the Franconian wine region is situated in Lower Franconia Economy EditThe Gross domestic product GDP of the region was 53 7 billion in 2018 accounting for 1 6 of German economic output GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 37 500 or 124 of the EU27 average in the same year The GDP per employee was 102 of the EU average 3 Coat of arms EditThe coat of arms includes the Franconian Rake the arms of Duchy of Franconia in the upper portion the Rennfahnlein de a banner quarterly argent silver and gules red on a lance or gold in bend on an azure blue field associated with Wurzburg in the lower left quadrant and a white silver wheel on a red field symbolizing the clerical state of Mainz in the lower right quadrant Area and population EditCity or District Population 2013 Area km2 CommunitiesCity of Aschaffenburg 67 748 5 22 62 0 7 1 0 3 City of Schweinfurt 51 918 4 00 36 0 4 1 0 3 City of Wurzburg 124 154 9 57 88 1 0 1 0 3 Aschaffenburg 172 521 13 30 699 8 2 32 10 4 Bad Kissingen 103 003 7 94 1 137 13 3 26 8 4 Hassberge 84 136 6 49 956 11 2 26 8 4 Kitzingen 88 025 6 79 684 8 0 31 10 1 Main Spessart 126 458 9 75 1 322 15 5 40 13 0 Miltenberg 127 980 9 87 716 8 4 32 10 4 Rhon Grabfeld 80 065 6 17 1 022 12 0 37 12 0 Schweinfurt 112 916 8 71 842 9 9 29 9 4 Wurzburg 158 132 12 19 968 11 3 52 16 9 Total 1 297 056 100 0 8 531 100 0 308 100 0 Historical population1910 710 9431939 844 7321950 1 038 9301961 1 089 9831970 1 181 3091987 1 202 7112002 1 344 3002005 1 341 4812010 1 318 6952015 1 306 0482019 1 317 619Main sights Edit Wurzburg Residenz Aschaffenburg Johannisburg Next to the former episcopal residence cities of Wurzburg with Veitshochheim and Aschaffenburg the towns of Miltenberg Amorbach and Werneck the scenic attractions of the River Main including the Mainschleife at Volkach and the low mountain ranges of the Rhon with the spa town Bad Kissingen and of the Spessart with Mespelbrunn Castle belong to the major tourist attractions Notable people from Lower Franconia EditRegiomontanus Florian Geyer Tilman Riemenschneider Balthasar Neumann Friedrich Ruckert Wilhelm Conrad Rontgen Leonhard Frank Carl Diem Dirk NowitzkiInstitutes of higher education EditJulius Maximilians Universitat Wurzburg University of Applied Sciences Wurzburg Schweinfurt Hochschule AschaffenburgSee also EditMiddle Franconia Upper FranconiaReferences Edit Tabelle 12411 003r Fortschreibung des Bevolkerungsstandes Gemeinden Stichtag in German Bayerisches Landesamt fur Statistik June 2022 Mainfranken Historisches Lexikon Bayerns www historisches lexikon bayerns de in German Regional GDP per capita ranged from 30 to 263 of the EU average in 2018 Eurostat External links EditOfficial website Official website in English Official website Flag at Flagspot Unterfranken 1910 Statistics Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Lower Franconia amp oldid 1143854702, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
